STP883-EB/Nov. 1985
Subject Index
A Aas in-situ tests, 209-210
Analytical model technique, 432, 438 Andersen's procedure, 342, 345,349-
351
Arabian Gulf soils, 413 ASCE conference, 41 ASTM Standards D 422:385 D 653:12 D 1586:517 D 2435:457 D 3441:34 D 4186:457
field vane shear test, 35,206 Attraction, in-situ, 44, 47-49
B
Beaufort Sea clays, 487
Bering Sea sediment liquefaction, 454 Borehole shear testing, 140
Borehole swell, 150
Bridge site investigation, 515 stratigraphy, 522-523 British Standards
BS 1377-1975:35 BS 5930-1981:35
Building Research Establishment, 21 Bulk density, marine sediment, 154,
163
C Calcarenites, 415,416, 418
Calcareous ooze testing, 114, 116, 118-121
Calcareous sediments cementation and grain crushing, 241-242, 243 Calcilutites, 415
Calcisiltites, 415,419 Carbonate rocks, 413
Cementation, calcareous sediments, 241-242
Cemented beach sands, 306, 308, 311 Cementing agents, 306 Cesium- 137, 157, 158 Clays Beaufort Sea, 487 classification, 65-66 cyclic degradation, 336 deformation, 341,351,505-506 failure, 267-268,270, 271 Gault, 30, 31 Gulf of Mexico, 363 illitic "red," 84, 88 Kringalik, 488, 505-508 testing, 492-499 undrained strength, 508-510 yield behavior, 499-505 Nelson Farm, 295 overconsolidated, 259
peak shear stress ratios, 271-272 pelagic, 114, 115, 117, 251
C o p y r i g h t ~ 1985 b y A S T M International
551
plastic Drammen, 338, 350 quick, 50, 52, 53
rod shear testing, 258 saturated, 48-50 silty, 50, 52, 295
soft marine (See also Soil, soft co-hesive characteristics) cone penetrometer testing, 29 degradation, 360
index properties, 353-354 shear modulus of, 352 stage testing, 142
undrained behavior, 56, 67 Cohesion, 319
Compressibility, soil, 527-531 Compression creep testing, multistage
triaxial, 479, 482
Compression strength, 415-418, 420 Compression testing, unconfined, 201,
222, 225, 528-529 Cone penetration testing, 441
Beaufort Sea clay, 491, 492, 495-496, 499-500, 508-512 downhole, 55, 57
Cone penetration testing Iranian soil, 443, 447-448
Norton Sound and Bering Sea, 455, 457, 461
offshore Cahfomia silts, 55 soil strength measurement, 170-173 static, 41-50 Cone penetrometer fall, 213-214 jetting system, 129-130, 136-137 lightweight 12-m, 125 static, 126
Cone penetrometer testing, 14, 17, 27, 29-30
standards, 34-35
Cone point resistance, 41, 62-64, 67-70 in soft clay, 75-76 Consohdation, 339, 340 oedotriaxial, 326, 327 settlement and, 390-392 Consolidation stress, 262-266, 270 Consohdation testing, 201, 256, 323 Consohdation theory, hnear, 79, 80 Corals, 415
Creep, 294, 339, 473 {See also Defor-mation)
Creep testing, multistage, 477, 478, 481, 482, 485
Cyclic degradation of clay, 336 Cyclic loading, 243, 339-340
effect, 320
pore-pressure buildup during, 322-323
slow, 367, 374-376 static, 367
testing, 325, 349-350
Cyclic strength testing, 226-231 Cyclic undrained testing, 327-328
D
Deep-Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), 197-198, 200, 202-203 shear strength testing, 253, 255 ship, 156 testing technique, 210 Deformation bridge site, 527-531 Kringalik clay, 505-506 warm permafrost, 473 Densitometer, gamma-ray, 154 Dilatancy parameters, 330-331 Dissipation testing, 76-81
Doppler penetrometer, expendable components of, 105-109
deep ocean sediment measurements, 101
Doppler principle, 102 Drained cyclic testing, 329 Drilling, 16
disturbances caused by, 24-27 rotary, 197-198
Drill ship wireline in-situ testing, 21 Drill string sampling, 197-198
INDEX 553 Earthquakes accelerations, 464 liquefaction and, 226-231, 455, 461-463, 470 loading, 220, 230, 381
Empirical correction method, 4 2 8 -431, 438
factors, 436-437
European Communities' Joint Re-search Centre, Commission of, 21
Field testing (See also In-situ testing;
specific tests)
of Iranian soil, 443-444 vane testing, standards, 35-36 Florida, marine environment testing,
140
Friction sleeve resistance, 61, 63 Friction testing, smooth-plate, 145,
148, 151
Gas charging, 237-240, 243 Geological Survey, U.S., 130
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ship testing, 455
testing, 202, 203, 218, 220 unpublished study, 210-211 Geotechnical site investigations, 488
philosophy, 510-512 techniques, 490-492
Grain crushing, calcareous sediment, 241-242
Gravity platform foundation stability, 331-334
Gulf of Mexico clay, 363 H
Hurricane Camile, 186-187
Hvorslev strength theory, 432, 434, 438
Hydraulic piston corer, 200 I
Indonesian soil strength testing, 448-452
In-situ shear strength equipment, 18-19
In-situ strength and cone penetration testing, 66-68
In-situ testing, 542-543 (See also Field testing, specific tests) bridge site, 517-522
description and standardization, 31-36
disturbances caused by, 27-28 equipment, 29-31
Iranian soil, 443
of marine soil strength, 15-19 quality assurance, 24-31 strength degradation in, 31-32 In-situ versus laboratory testing
Arctic marine soils, 512 strength testing, 425, 440
Iranian soil strength testing, 441-448 K
Kringalik Plateau soil testing, 492-499
Laboratory testing, 543-545 Iranian soil, 444-446 marine soil strength, 181
Laboratory test values, correcting, 428-438
Laboratory versus in-situ testing Arctic marine soils, 512 strength testing, 425, 440
Lake deposit, cone penetration testing, 50-51
Limestone, 415 Liquefaction
analyses, 226-228, 230, 461-467 assessment, 467-469
Bering Sea sediment, 454 resistance, 467-469 of silts, 387, 389, 394 Loading
critical level of repeated (CLRL), 229-230
platform geometry and, 331 Louisiana soil, 72
M Mackenzie Delta, 489
Marchetti dilatometer testing, 146, 150 from barge, 515, 516, 519-522 Marine cores, simulated, 154
Marine environment, shallow borehole shear testing, 140
Marine geotechnology, 184-185 industry and university research,
185-189
Marine sediments {See also Sands; Silts) composition, 13 core splitting, 210-211 gases, 155-156 in-situ testing, 11 poro-elastic properties, 397 properties, 154-155 soft clay, 352 strength testing, 181, 440
three-dimensional stress relaxation behavior, 294
types, 12-15
Menard pressuremeter testing, 146, 150
from barge, 515, 516, 517-518 Miniature vane testing, 188
shear, 108, 202, 205-213, 215, 243 Mississippi delta
offshore clay testing, 83
shear modulus of soft marine clay, 352
Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria, 151-152, 432
Mud vulcanoes, 394 Muds, hard carbonate, 415 Mudslide, 394
N
Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory (NCEL), U.S.
sampling procedure, 218-220 seafloor testing, 113
NormaUzed soil parameters (NSP) ap-proach, 223-226, 228, 230, 242
Norton Sound, AK, testing, 125-126, 130-132
Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, 218, 220-221
Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD), 331, 333
O
Ocean sediment measurements, 101 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversions
(OTEC), 185
Offshore cone penetration testing, 55
(See also Cone penetration
testing)
Offshore deposit testing, 50
Offshore in-situ strength testing methods, 20-21
Offshore site investigations, 13 Overconsolidation, 394
stress, 390
Overconsolidation ratio (OCR), 392, 428, 438
marine soil, 15 silts, 59-60
Pelagic sediments, 251-256
Penetration r e s i s t a n c e and soil strength, 105
INDEX 555 Penetrating Testing (ESOPT)
Con-ference, European Symposium on, 41
Penetration Testing in Europe, Sub-committe on Standardization of, 34-35
Permafrost, 488, 490 warm, 473 Permeabilities, 83
Piezocone pentration testing, 72 Piezometer measurements, 83 Pile installation effects, 258-259 Plasticity, clays, 304, 305 Plate load testing, 17
Platform geometry and loads, 331 Pocket penetrometer testing, 213, 215,
443
Point load index, carbonate rocks, 413 Point load testing, 413, 418-420 Pore-pressure, 89-91
buildup during cyclic loading, 322-323
components, 320-321 cumulative, 331
dynamic, ratio technique, 497 equation, 321
in soft clay, 75-79
time-dependent dissipation, 92, 94-97
Pore suction effects, 27, 28 Pore-water pressure
buildup, 392 negative, 393 response, 386-389 transducers, 384
wave loading and, 397-398 Pore-water salinity, 219
Poro-elastic properties, marine soils, 397
Port Hueneme, CA, testing, 126, 132-133
Pressure release disturbance in simu-lated marine cores, 154
Pressuremeter and Foundation Engi-neering, The, 474
Pressuremeter testing, 14 of permafrost, 474, 476-478 self-boring, 16, 22-24
Probe deployment system, 19-24 Push sampling, 55, 167, 261
through drill string, 198-200 R
Ramberg-Osgood-Masing model, 364-365, 369-373, 377 validity, 378
Remote vane shear testing, 491-492, 497, 508-509
Residual pore-pressure technique, 432-435, 438
Resistivity probes, 18
Resonant column testing, 354-355, 370-374
Rock
Clark and Walker classifications, 414-415
Middle East types, 414-415 uniaxial strength, 413 Rod shear testing, 258 Rod-soil rupture, 268-269
Sample
handling, storage and, 200-203 testing, 203-231 (See also specific
tests; Sampling methods)
Sample tube plugging, 166 partial, 174-176 quality and, 171-175
Sampling mathematical model, 169-170
Sampling methods
bottom platform, 193-197 disturbance, 426
gravity driven, 189-193 improved, 187 offshore, 167-169 percussion sampling, 166, 167, 186, 197-198 perfect, 426 push sampling, 55, 167, 198-200, 261 rotary drilling, 197-198 Sands {See also Sediments; Silts)
calcareous, 441
cemented beach static behavior, 306 classification, 65-66
frozen, 475, 485-486 undrained behavior, 56, 67 Sandia National Laboratories, U.S.
In Situ Heat Transfer Experiment (ISHTE), 86-87, 88, 92, 95 Subseabed Disposal Program, 84,
86, 295
San Francisco Bay, penetration testing, 126, 133-134
SEACALF piezocone testing, 29-30 Seafloor
geotechnical properties, 101 jacking system, 56, 57 system, 16, 21-22
in-situ strength testing, 22-23 Sediment strength testing program,
425
Sediments (See also Marine Sedi-ments; Sands; Silts)
deep ocean, 101, 251 sensitivities, 113 sound velocity, 112-113 testing, sites, 114-120 disturbance/environmental factors, 539-541
northern Bering Sea, liquefaction of, 454
overconsolidated, 460-461
Self-boring pressurementer testing, 491-492, 497-501, 506-507
Settlement and consolidation, 390-392
SHANSEP procedure, 187, 189, 235-236, 432-433, 438 analysis of pelagic clays, 253 Shear modulus for soft marine clays,
352
Shear resistance, ultimate, 304 Shear strength behavior, in multistage
testing, 275-285 Shear strength model, 319-320 Shear strength parameters, 330
effective stress-based, 318 expressions, 43-44
from static cone penetration testing, 41
Shear strength properties, pelagic sedi-ments, 251
Shear strengths, undrained at bridge site, 523-527 clays, 354, 355
deep-sea sediment cores, in-situ, 83, 187
Shear stress ratios, reconstituted clays, 271-272 Shear testing direct, 444 direct simple (DSS), 221-224, 338 drained, 149 simple, 216-226
Silts {See also Sands; Sediments) California offshore, 55 categorization, 65-66, 381
clayey, 56,118, 121 {See also Clays) cone penetration testing, 55, 62-65,
68-70 Danby, 385, 392-393 deformations, 392, 394, 395 failure, 389 in-situ strength, 66-68 Madison, 406, 408, 410 pleistocene, 58 properties, 58, 385
INDEX 557
response to wave loads, 381 sandy, 56
Yukon, 392-393
Simple strength index testing, 2 0 3 -204, 205
Site evaluation process, 426 (See also Bridge site investigation; Off-shore site investigations) Soil (See also Clays; Marine
sedi-ments; Sands; Sedisedi-ments; Silts) brittleness index, 312, 316
coarse-grained, 400-402 cone penetration of, 46-47 fine-grained, 402-404
piezocone penetration testing, 72 poro-elastic properties, 397
soft cohesive characteristics, 72-73 Soil classifications, 309-310, 311
Douglas and Olsen classification, 66 Schmertmann classification, 65 Unified, 295
Soil failure, 26, 102
clays, 267-268, 270, 271 (See also Clays)
Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engi-neering, International Society of, 34-35
Soil Mechanics in Offshore Engineer-ing Conference, 185
Soil parameters, variations from tri-axial testing, 330-331 Soil property characteristics, 425 Soil-rod friction, 260-261 Soil stage testing, 141, 142
Soil strength determination theory, 102-105
Soil type and stress relaxation, 303-304
Stage testing, 141, 142, 146, 151 Standard penetration testing (SPT),
441
borings, 515, 516, 517 Indonesian soil, 450-451
Iranian soil, 443, 447-448 Static drained testing, 329 Static shear testing, 324
Static undrained testing, 325-326 Storm conditions, 330, 331
Storm waves, 381-382, 516 (See also Wave action; Wave loading) cyclic shear stresses, 464, 465, 466 Uquefaction and, 463
pore-pressure and, 470
Strength, dynamic and static, 356-360 Strength degradation, 31-32
Strength measurement validity of, 231-236 variables, 541-542
Strength parameters testing, 203-204 Strength testing, laboratory versus
in-situ, 440, 545-546 Stress applied normal, 152 effects, 302-303, 304 lateral, 527 octahedral shear, 297-298, 299-305 preconsolidation, 531-534 shear, 336
Stress history and normalized soil en-gineering properties (See SHANSEP procedure)
Stress relaxation behavior, three-dimensional, 294
Sunshine Skyway Bridge, 515, 522 replacement, 141, 146-150, 152
Tampa Bay, borehole shear testing, 144, 146-148
Tension by platforms, foundations of, 336
Testing, integrated, 363
Torvane testing, 213, 214-215, 443 Triaxial compression testing
UC, 444-446, 448 UU, 451-452
Triaxial shear testing; drained, 311, 315
Triaxial testing, 18
consolidated undrained (CU), 27, 201, 216, 220, 222, 495, 499, 510 correcting results, 432 cyclic, 318, 458-460 deep-sea sediment, 188 in-situ UU, 19 multistage, 274 Konder's technique, 277, 281, 283, 285, 286, 289 rational procedure, 277, 286-289 of permafrost, 478-484
of soft marine clay, 355-356 static, 216-226, 318
stress-based shear strength, 318 types, 322-325 unconfined compression, 201, 222, 225 unconsolidated undrained, 27, 201, 222, 225, 494-495, 499, 510 undrained, 146 undrained compression, 275, 279, 286, 289
variations in soil parameters from, 330-331
Vane shear probe measurements, 92 Vane shear testing, 14, 441, 443, 451
(See also Miniature vane
test-ing; Remote vane shear testtest-ing; Torvane testing)
Vibratory samplers, 196-197 W
Wave action and sediment densifica-tion, 507
Wave loading, 220, 230, 330, 455, 461
liquefaction and, 469, 470 silts response to, 381
soil deformation and, 387-398 Wave tank, 382, 383
Wave tank testing, 385, 386-392, 394 Wave-soil interaction, 386-387 Wireline driven (percussion) sampling,
166, 167, 198