Distance Relay Setting calculation

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CALCULATION FOR THE RELAY REL670 distace relay setting

System Particulars A Line Parameters

1 Rated Line Voltage in KV 400

2 Line Length in kms 55

3 Max. Power Flow in the Line in MVA 600.00

4 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms/km 0.0298

5 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms/km 0.332

6 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms/km 0.1619

7 Zero sequence reactance in ohms/km 1.24

8 Zero Sequence Mutual Resistance in ohms/km 0.2281

9 Zero Sequence Mutual Reactance in ohms/km 0.622

B Adjoining Line parameters a) Shortest Line

1 Length of shortest line in kms 52

2 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms/km 0.0298

4 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms/km 0.1619

5 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms/km 1.24

b) Longest Line

1 Length of longest line 70

c) Transformer

1 Transformer Impedance in pu N/A

2 Transformer MVA N/A

3 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms/km N/A

4 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms/km N/A

5 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms/km N/A

6 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms/km N/A

d) Shortest Line (Reverse)

1 Length of shortest line in kms 52

C Source Impedance 1

FAULT MVA at Local-End (Maximum) 20000

FAULT MVA at Local-End (Minimum) 18000

FAULT MVA at Local-End 19000

2

FAULT MVA at Remote-End (Maximum) 18000

FAULT MVA at Remote-End (Minimum) 16000

radial feeder and there will not be any infeed from

the remote end. 17000

3 Source impedance angle in deg 80

4 Angle in radians 1.3968 LIN E NA ME : Assumed as 50% of zero sequence impedanc e

FAULT MVA at Remote-End ( When BC at S/S O is off, this feeder acts as a radial feeder

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5 Positive Sequence Resistance at local end, in ohms 0.000 6 Positive Sequence Reactance at local end, in ohms 8.600 7 Positive Sequence Resistance at remote end, in ohms 0.000 8 Positive Sequence Reactance at remote end, in ohms 9.200 D CT/PT Detail 1 CT primary rating in A 3000 2 CT secondary rating in A 1 3 PT primary rating in V 400000 4 PT secondary rating in V 110 E Relay Detail 1 Rated Current in A 1 2 Rated Voltage in V 110

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SYSTEM PARAMETERS

Fault Resistance in primary for phase - earth faults 20 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - earth faults 25 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - earth faults 30 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - phase faults 5 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - phase faults 8 Assumed Fault Resistance in primary for phase - phase faults 10 Assumed

Imp Ratio = CTR/PTR 0.825

zone-1 setting - % of the protected line 80% zone 2 setting - % of the shortest adjoining line 50% zone 3 setting - % of the longest adjoining line 120% 25% Line Impedance in secondary

1 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms 1.3522 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 15.065

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 7.346

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 56.265

5 Zero Sequence Mutual Resistance in ohms 10.35 6 Zero Sequence Mutual Reactance in ohms 28.223

7 Line Angle 85

Shortest Line (Forward)

1 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms 1.278 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 14.243

3 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms 6.946

4 Zero sequence Reactance in ohms 53.196

Shortest Line (Reverse)

1 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms 1.27842 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 14.2428 3 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms 6.94551

Longest line section

1 Positive Sequence Resistance in ohms 1.721 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 19.173

3 Zero Sequence Resistance in ohms 9.35

Zone-1 setting

1 Positive sequence Resistance in ohms 1.082 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 12.052

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 14.157 7.331 5.877

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 67.59 33.876 45.012

5 Fault Resistance (ph-ph) 6.289

6 Fault Resistance (ph-e) 21.94

Zone-2 setting

1 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms 1.9912 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 22.1865

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 26.344 13.7445 10.819 4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 125.198 63.5175 82.863

Zone-3 setting

1 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms 3.4174 zone 5 setting - % of the adjacent shortest line in reverse

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2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 38.0726

3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 39.266 20.1586 18.566 4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 198.643 93.159 142.197

Zone-5 setting

1 Positive seqence Resistance in ohms 0.319605 2 Positive Sequence Reactance in ohms 3.5607 3 Zero sequence Resistance in ohms 1.7363775

4 Zero sequence reactance in ohms 13.299

Load Impedance (primary) 266.66667

Load impedance (secondary) 220

General Fault Criterion

76.1452 7.61452 43.8392 110.96773 397.286 39.7286 RLd - the resistive reach in the load impedance area 110.96773

Load Angle ARGLd 25 Assumed

Power Swing Block Function

45.68712 18.10176 57.1089 22.6272

The General Fault Criterion is an overall impedance measuring element with a very high reach and a long time delay for its tripping function.The GFC can be operated in two modes - the under impedance mode and the over current mode.In the under impedance mode, the GFC characteristic should, in general, cover all the impedance measuring zones used for distance protection, regardless of their directionality. Normally set to 2 times of zone-3 with a limit on the resistive direction so that the characteristics does not enter the load area.

Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the forward direction (2 * X3)

Positive sequence reactance for ph-ph & ph-e elements in the reverse direction(20% of forward reach)

Positive sequence Resistance for phase to phase faults for forward and Reverse reach (2[2*R3 + Rf])

Positive sequence Resistance for phase to earth faults for forward and Reverse reach (2[1/3(2R3 + R03)+Rf]) Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the forward direction (2 * X03)

Zero sequence reactance for ph-e elements in the reverse direction (20% of forward reach)

The reach of the Inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction are set so that the inner characteristic covers completely all the distance protection zones, which are to be blocked by the PSD function. At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered_{Reactive Reach of the Inner characteristic of the Power}

swing blocking element = 1.1*X3

Resistive Reach of the Inner characteristic of the Power swing blocking element=1.1(2R3+Rf)

Reactive Reach of the Outer characteristic of the Power swing blocking element

Resistive Reach of the Outer characteristic of the Power swing blocking element

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LINE NAME : distace relay setting

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED General setting

Ib (FLC/CT Primary) 0.35

Iminop (10-30) % of Ib 20%

ZONE I

Operation Off,nondir,forward,rever Forward Settings of phase to phase measurement

Operation PP On/Off On X1PP (0.01-400) 12.052 R1PP (0.01-400) 1.082 RFPP (0.01-400) 6.289 Timer t1PP Off,On On t1PP (0.0-60) 0

Settings for phase to earth element

Operation PE On,Off On X1PE 0.01-400 12.052 R1PE 0.01-400 1.082 X0PE Group-I 67.59 0.01-1200 Group-II 33.876 Group-III 45.012 R0PE Group-I 14.157 0.01-1200 Group-II 7.331 Group-III 5.877 RFPE 0.01-400 21.94

Timer t1PE Off,On On

t1PE 0-60 0

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED ZONE II

Operation Off,nondir,forward,rever Forward Settings of Phase to phase measurement

Operation PP On/Off On X1PP (0.01-400) 22.1865 R1PP (0.01-400) 1.9912 RFPP (0.01-400) 10.5824 Timer t2PP Off,On On t12P (0.0-60) 0.4

Settings of phase to earth measurement

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t2PE 0-60 0.4

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED Zone III

Operation Off, nondir, forward, rev Forward Settings of Phase to Phase measurement

t3PE 0-60 0.8

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED

Zone V Zone 5

Operation Off, nondir, forward, rev Reverse Settings of Phase to Phase measurement

Operation PE On,Off On X1PE 0.01-400 0.16 R1PE 0.01-400 0.032 X0PE 0.01-1200 0.536 R0PE 0.01-1200 0.108 RFPE 0.01-400 0.72

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PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED GFC

General settings

Operation On,Off On

Timer t PP On,Off Off

tPP 0-60 2 s

Timer t PE On,Off Off

tPE 0-60 2 s

Over current operating mode

Operation I> On,Off Off

IP> 10-400 NA

In> 10-150 NA

I> (10-50)% of Ir 10

GFC (Settings of Under Impedance mode)

Operation On,Off On Opoeration <Z On,Off On ARGLd 5-45 deg 25 RLd 0.01-400 154 X1FwPP 0.01-400 76.1452 X1RvPP 0.01-400 7.61452 RFPP 0.01-400 30.1696 X1FwPE 0.01-400 76.1452 X1RvPE 0.01-400 7.61452 X0FwPE 0.01-1200 397.286 X0RvPE 0.01-1200 39.7286 RFPE 0.01-400 80.2338666667

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED PSB Operation On,Off On Detection On,Off On X1IN 0.1-400 45.68712 R1IN 0.1-400 18.10176 KX 120-200% 125 KR 120-200% 125 t P1 0-60 0.045 t P2 0-60 0.015 t W 0-60 0.25 t H 0-60 0.5 S t EF 0-60 3 S t R1 0-60 0.3 t R2 0-60 2 Z com

Operation On, Off On

Scheme type I trip, PUR,POR, Block Permissive OR

T coord 0-60 0.05

T sendmin 0-60 0.1

Unblock Off, No restart, Restart Restart

T security 0-60 0.035 s

CurrReversal On,Off On

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T delay 0-60 0.04

WEI Off, trip, echo Off

Twei 0-60 NA

UPN< 10-100 NA

UPP< 20-170 NA

PARAMETER SETTING SETTING RANGE RECOMMENDED SOTF Operation On/Off On FFR Zeroseq On,Off On 3U0> 10-50% 20% 3Io< 10-50% 10% BCS Operation On,Off On IP> 10-100% 10% T 0-60 20 DLD Operation On,Off On U< 10-100% 40% IP< 5-100% of Ib 10% I> Operation On.Off On IP> 20-300% 110% T 0-9000 20 s Fault Locator

Length unit Km/mile Km

Line length 0-10000 55 X1 0.001-1500 15.065 R1 (0.001-1500) 1.3522 X0 (0.001-1500) 56.265 R0 (0.001-1500) 7.346 X1SA (0.001-1500) 8.6 R1SA (0.001-1500) 0 X1SB (0.001-1500) 9.2 R1SB (0.001-1500) 0 Xm0 Group-I 28.223 Xm0 (0.001-1500) Group-II 28.223 Xm0 Group-III 0 Rm0 Group-I 10.35 Rm0 (0.001-1500) Group-II 10.35 Rm0 Group-III 0

Distance unit %/Km/mile Km

VT Prim 1-9999 kV 400