How To Plan For A Disaster

Damage Assessment

Operations

Louisiana Emergency Preparedness  Association (LEPA)

Training Objectives

• At the completion of this lesson you will be able to:

– Explain the purpose of a Preliminary Damage

Assessment.

– Use job aid to prepare a needs assessment

report.

– Distinguish the three types of damage

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Post Disaster Assessments

• Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA).

• Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA).

• Joint Preliminary Damage Assessment:

Disaster Dollar Threshold

• What is the 2010 dollar thresholds for a disaster declaration?

– $1.29 per capita statewide, or $3.23 per capita in

a parish for PA.

• What is the basis for a change in the

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Rapid Needs Assessment

• What is the purpose of a rapid needs assessment?

– RNA’s determine the scope of the disaster,

assess what resources are necessary to conduct life-saving and life sustaining operations during the emergency response phase of the disaster, and provide officials with quick and accurate

information to determine if state or federal assistance is required.

Rapid Needs Assessment

• RNA provides the first description of the type and extent of damages sustained by the

community.

• Determine the scope:

– How bad is it in terms of infrastructure (COOP)?

– What areas are affected?

– How many people are affected?

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Rapid Needs Assessment

• The following information needs to be

provided to the parish president & GOHSEP within the first 12-72 hours following the

incident:

– What is needed.

– When is it needed.

– Where it is needed.

– How much is needed.

RNA Categories of Data

• What categories of information should be addressed by the RNA team?

– Medical resources and needs.

– Mass Care.

– Infrastructure.

– Fire services, search and rescue.

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RNA Categories of Data

• Infrastructure:

– The extent of debris removal to conduct essential life-saving operations.

– Debris, wind damage or flooding overall impact to:

• Critical infrastructure & government buildings.

• Public works facilities.

• Water treatment and distribution systems.

• Sewage treatment plants.

• Power generation facilities.

• Communication links.

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RNA Categories of Data

• Medical resources?

– Health and medical needs of victims.

– What health care facilities are functional?

– Information on doctors offices and pharmacies.

– The potential requirement for outside medical assistance.

Note: Federal outside medical assistance includes Public Health Services, Disaster Medical Support Assistance Teams (DMAT) and Medical Support Units.

RNA Categories of Data

• Mass Care:

– Local capability for bulk distribution of supplies (PODS).

– Mass shelter requirements.

– Mass feeding requirements.

Note: the American Red Cross has the congressional mandate to provide many of these services during a natural disaster.

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RNA Categories of Data

• Fire, Search, and Rescue:

– Fire suppression and search and rescue needs.

– State and local mutual aid capabilities.

RNA Categories of Data

• Hazardous Material:

– The effects or potential effects of hazardous material releases on facilities and the general population.

– Areas that are unsafe or potentially unsafe with hazardous materials released as a secondary event.

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Preliminary Damage

Assessment

• What is the purpose of the preliminary damage assessment?

– The PDA is a specific process used to gather

supporting information for the Governors request for a Presidential Disaster declaration.

Preliminary Damage

Assessment

• PDA’s have a broader scope and are conducted over a longer time span:

– The PDA is a specific process used to gather

supporting information for the Governors request for a Presidential Disaster declaration.

– A team of local, State, and Federal personnel conducts the PDA. (Don’t wait on state and Federal!)

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Preliminary Damage

Assessment

• PDA’s may take several days to weeks to complete.

• Determines Joint Field Office staffing requirements and DRC locations.

• Documentation starts during PDA and is

important during the several years it takes to close disaster project work sheets.

Preliminary Damage

Assessment

• Step 1: Collect critical information.

– Stafford Act

– Louisiana Disaster Act.

– Current executive orders.

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Preliminary Damage

Assessment

• Step 2: Determine if you should request a Joint PDA:

– Collect damage information:

• RNA reports

• Parish spreadsheet data summary.

• ARC onsite damage assessment summary.

– Determine if incident is of such magnitude to

Preliminary Damage

Assessment

• Step 3: Make a request to GOHSEP if JPDA is warranted.

• Step 4: Prepare for the PDA:

– Collect supplies and contact information.

– Review the information.

– Assemble PDA Teams.

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Public Assistance Eligibility

• Report PA damage by FEMA category of

work.

• There are seven FEMA work categories:

– 2 Emergency categories

PDA – FEMA Categories

The parish will first estimate emergency response costs in the following FEMA categories:

Category A: Debris Removal (Emergency)

Category B: Emergency Protective Measures (Emergency)

Category C: Roads & Bridges (Permanent) Category D: Public Utilities (Permanent) Category E: Public Buildings (Permanent) Category F: Water Control (Permanent)

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Category Purpose Eligible Activities

A: Debris Removal Clearance of trees and woody debris; building wreckage; sand, mud, silt, and gravel; vehicles; and other disaster-related material deposited on public and, in very limited cases, private property

•Debris removal from a street or highway to allow the safe passage of

emergency vehicles

•Debris removal from public property to eliminate health and safety hazards

B: Emergency Protective Measures

Measures taken before, during, and after a disaster to save lives, protect public health and safety, and protect improved public and private property

•Emergency Operations Center activation

•Warning devices (barricades, signs, and announcements) •Search and rescue

•Security forces (police and guards) •Construction of temporary levees •Provision of shelters or emergency care

•Sandbagging • Bracing/shoring damaged structures •Provision of food, water, ice and other essential needs •Emergency repairs • Emergency demolition

•Removal of health and safety hazards

C: Roads and Bridges Repair of roads, bridges, and associated features, such as shoulders, ditches, culverts, lighting and signs

•Eligible work includes: repair to surfaces, bases, shoulders, ditches,

culverts, low water crossings, and other features, such as guardrails. D: Water Control

Facilities

Repair of irrigation systems, drainage channels, and pumping facilities. Repair of levees, dams, and flood control channels fall under Category D, but the eligibility of these facilities is restricted

•Channel alignment • Recreation •Navigation • Land reclamation •Fish and wildlife habitat

•Interior drainage • Irrigation •Erosion prevention • Flood control

E: Buildings and Equipment

Repair or replacement of buildings, including their contents and systems; heavy equipment; and vehicles

•Buildings, including contents such as furnishings and interior systems such

as electrical work

•Replacement of pre-disaster quantities of consumable supplies and

inventory. Replacement of library books and publications.

•Removal of mud, silt, or other accumulated debris is eligible, along with any

cleaning and painting necessary to restore the building.

•All types of equipment, including vehicles, may be eligible for repair or

replacement when damaged as a result of the declared event. F: Utilities Repair of water treatment and delivery systems; power

generation facilities and distribution lines; and sewage collection and treatment facilities

•Restoration of damaged utilities.

•Temporary as well as permanent repair costs can be reimbursed

G: Parks, Recreational Facilities, and Other Items

Repair and restoration of parks, playgrounds, pools, cemeteries, and beaches. This category also is used for any work or facility that cannot be characterized adequately by Categories A-F

•Roads, buildings, and utilities within those areas and other features, such as

playground equipment, ball fields, swimming pools, tennis courts, boat docks and ramps, piers, and golf courses.

•Grass and sod are eligible only when necessary to stabilize slopes and

minimize sediment runoff.

•Repairs to maintained public beaches may be eligible in limited

Public Assistance Eligibility

• All damages must be to a parish facility or infrastructure

• Facility must have been in use immediately prior to the declared disaster

• Facility must be the legal responsibility of the parish

.

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Category A: Debris Removal

• Identify Federal Highway Administration (FHA) roads first.

• Work with LADOT and local road crews.

• Keep public informed of curb and roadside removal schedule for debris pickup

• Estimate debris by cubic yard and type (vegetative, woody, white goods,

Category A: Debris Removal

C&D and Vegetative

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Mixed Woody, Construction &

Demolition Debris

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Debris Management Tips:

• Pre-disaster local debris monitoring & management

contracts.

• Quantify FHA, local roads.

• Photos with GPS and clear written locations for each photo.

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Category B:

Emergency Protective Measures

• Warning Devices (Barricades/Sign)

• Search and Rescue

• EOC Operations & Security Forces

• Construction of Temporary Levees

• Shelters or Emergency Care

• Sandbagging

• Food, Water, Other Essential Needs • Emergency Repairs • Emergency Demolition • Removal of Health/Safety

Category B:

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Category B:

Documentation

• All personnel record

regular & overtime hours, location, and type disaster work performed.

• Retain receipts,

invoices & expense records.

• Equipment, contractor

Category B:

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Category B:

Emergency Protective Measures

Protective Fencing Protective Boom -Contamination

Category B:

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FEMA

Permanent Work Categories

• Category C: Roads & Bridges

• Category D: Water control facilities

• Category E: Buildings & Equipment

• Category F: Public Utilities

• Category G: Recreation

Recovery Phase

Category C:

Roads and Bridges

• Any road maintained by the parish.

• Bridges.

• Drainage structures.

• Signage.

• Culverts.

• Tunnels.

ROUTINE MAINTANENCE IS NOT COVERED!

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Category C:

Category C:

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Category C:

Category C:

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Category D:

Water Control Facilities

• Dams and Reservoirs.

• Levees.

• Floodwalls.

• Weirs.

• Lined and unlined

engineered drainage channels. • Shore protective devices. • Irrigation (public). • Pumping Stations.

Category D:

Water Control Facilities

• Do not confuse with inland waterways.

• Some activities or structures are not always eligible.

• No routine maintenance.

• Parish must be legally responsible for maintenance.

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Category D:

Water Control Facilities

Cameron Run

Flood Control Weir

City of Richmond Flood Wall

Category E:

Buildings, Vehicles & Equipment

• Damage Description and estimate. • Cause of damage: – Wind . – Flood.

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Category E:

Category E:

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Category F: Utilities

• Electric & Telephone Cooperatives (PNP Status)

• Municipal or Regional:

– Water Systems.

– Waste Treatment Plants.

– Natural Gas.

Category G:

Recreation and Miscellaneous

• Facility must be owned by or is the legal responsibility of the parish.

• Maintenance work is not eligible

• Other damages fall into Category G:

– Playground equipment.

– Swimming pools.

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Category G:

Documenting the

Damage Assessment

Process

53 PUBLIC ASSISTANCE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT FIELD FORM

JURISDICTION: DATE: PAGE ____ of ____

VDEM 4-17-07

Key for Damage Categories (Use appropriate letters in the ‘category’ blocks below)

A. Debris Clearance

B. Emergency Protective Measures C. Roads & Bridges

D. Water Control Facilities E. Public Buildings & Equipment F. Public Utility System

G. Parks, Recreation Facilities & Other

STREET or AREA LOCATION SITE # CATEGORY

GPS (when available use decimal degrees) DAMAGE DESCRIPTION:

EMERGENCY FOLLOW-UP

NEEDED? Y N TOTAL ESTIMATED DAMAGES: $ FLOOD INSURANCE

Y N PROPERTY

INSURANCE Y N

NO DATA AVAILABLE (check box)

STREET or AREA LOCATION SITE # CATEGORY

GPS (when available use decimal degrees) DAMAGE DESCRIPTION:

EMERGENCY FOLLOW-UP

NEEDED? Y N TOTAL ESTIMATED DAMAGES: $ FLOOD INSURANCE

Y N PROPERTY _INSURANCE Y N NO DATA AVAILABLE (check _box)

STREET or AREA LOCATION SITE # CATEGORY

GPS (when available use decimal degrees) DAMAGE DESCRIPTION:

EMERGENCY FOLLOW-UP

NEEDED? Y N TOTAL ESTIMATED DAMAGES: $ FLOOD INSURANCE

Y N PROPERTY

INSURANCE Y N

NO DATA AVAILABLE (check box)

Public Property:

Local PA Damage Assessment

Date:

# Destroyed # Major Damage # Minor Damage # Affected Dollar Loss

% Flood Insured % Property Insured % Owned % Secondary

Estimated Date for Utilities Restoration: NUMBER OF PRIVATE ACCESS

ROADS & BRIDGES: NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS

LOCAL GOVERNMENT RESIDENTIAL AND BUSINESS DAMAGE ASSESSMENT FIELD FORM

TOTAL

Part II: Community Impacts

Number of Households Impacted:

Sector: IDA Date:

Part I: Private Property

Georgraphic Area Description: Incident Type: Page #: Place Name: Agricultural Facilities IDA Team: Type Property Non-Profit Org. Buildings Single Dwelling Houses Multi-Family Residences Manufactured Residences (Mobile) Business/Industry

Private Property

Cumulative by Sector.

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Local Government

CUMULATIVE INTIAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT

Jurisdiction:

Date/Time IDA Report

Prepared:

Prepared By:

Call back number:

Fax Number:

Email Address:

Part I: Private Property CUMULATIVE DAMAGES

Type Property # Destroyed # Major Damage # Minor Damage # Affected Dollar Loss % Flood Insured % Property Insured % Owned % Secondary Single Dwelling Houses Multi-Family Residences Manufactured Residences (Mobile) Business/Industry Non-Profit Organization Buildings Agricultural Facilities

Part II: Public Property (Includes eligible non-profit Facilities) CUMULATIVE DAMAGES Type of Property

Estimated Dollar Loss

% Insured Category A (Debris Removal)

Category B (Emergency Protective Measures)

Category C (Roads and Bridges)

Category D (Water Control Facilities)

Category E (Public Buildings and Equipment

Category F (Public Utilities)

Category G (Parks and Recreation Facilities)

TOTAL $0.00 Additonal Comments: Local Government Cumulative Initial Damage Assessment Report

Declaration Framework

• Justification for Public Assistance is strictly based

on the estimated dollar amount of damage.

• Towns are included with Counties.

• Per capita thresholds revised every October.

Note: If it appears that the Public Assistance

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Declaration Thresholds

Louisiana

Parish

or City

Impact Indicator

$ 1.22 per capita

Impact Indicator

$ 3.05 per capita

State Population (2000 est.)

7,078,515

Parish Population

=

=

State Threshold

PDA Tips

• Identify a team leader dedicated to the PDA.

• Be flexible and have backup team members.

• As new information is provided, continue to update your damage list prior to the joint

PDA.

• Provide a map of facility locations.

Common PDA Deficiencies

• Community has not been prearranged into sectors.

• Characteristics of the damage areas not

known.

• Not conducting pre-deployment briefings.

• Damage assessment team members not pre-determined or trained.

I A

P A

C

T

C

$

#

PDA Field Operations

Individual Assistance

Boots on the

ground!

Damage Assessment Safety

• Assess potentially

dangerous sites from a distance. • Travel in pairs if possible. • Maintain constant communication. • Take go-kit!

PDA Go Kit Example

• Water and snacks.

• Measuring Tape

• Camera

• GPS

• Community Contact Names and Numbers

• Assessment Forms and Instructions

• Pens/Pencils/Clipboards Highway & GIS or topo maps.

• Flashlights and Extra Batteries.

• Cell phone/radio.

• Reflective/Protective

Vests/Rain gear/steel toe boots/gloves.

• First Aid Kit/insect repellant/sunscreen.

Urban Search & Rescue

• PDA may begin while USAR teams are still in the area.

• These teams have priority and command of the

scene.

• Become familiar with the standard USAR marking system while evaluating structures during PDA.

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USAR Marking System

Search operations are in progress.

Stay Clear!

Personnel have exited the structure.

Stay Clear! 9/1/09 Rats, Bio, Chlorine 1-Live 2-Dead BR TF-1

Left Quadrant: Team identifier.

Top Quadrant: Time and date left structure. Right Quadrant: Hazards found.

Bottom Quadrant: Victims found.

Individual Assistance Damage Assessment Level Guidelines

Damage Definitions General Description Things to Look For Water Levels DESTROYED DESTROYED DESTROYED DESTROYED

Structure is a total loss.

Not economically feasible to rebuild.

Structure leveled above the

foundation, or second floor is gone. Foundation or basement is

significantly damaged.

Structure leveled or has major shifting off it’s foundation or only the foundation remains. Roof is gone, with noticeable distortion to walls.

More than 4 feet in first floor.

More than 2 feet in

mobile home.

MAJOR MAJOR MAJOR MAJOR

Structure is currently uninhabitable. Extensive repairs are necessary to make habitable.

Will take more than 30 days to repair.

Walls collapsed. Exterior frame damaged. Roof off or collapsed. Major damage to utilities: furnace, water heater, well, septic system.

Portions of the roof and decking missing. Twisted, bowed, cracked, or collapsed walls. Structure penetrated by large foreign object, such as tree. Damaged foundation.

2 to 4 feet in first floor without basement.

1 foot or more in first floor with basement.

6 inches to 2 feet in mobile home

with plywood floors. 1 inch in mobile home with

particle board floors.

MINOR MINOR MINOR MINOR

Structure is damaged, and uninhabitable. Minor repairs are necessary to make habitable.

Will take less than 30 days to repair.

Interior flooring / exterior walls with minor damage. Tree(s) fallen on structure. Smoke damage. Shingles / roof tiles moved or missing.

Many missing shingles, broken windows and doors. Loose or missing siding. Minor shifting or settling of foundation. Minor damage to septic system.

2 inches to 2 feet in first floor witho basement.

1 foot or more in basement. Crawlspace – reached insulation. Sewage - in basement.

Mobile home, "Belly Board" to 6

inches.

AFFECTED HABITABLE AFFECTED HABITABLE AFFECTED HABITABLE AFFECTED HABITABLE

Structure has received minimal damage and is habitable without repairs.

Chimney or porch damaged. Carpet on first floor soaked. Broken

windows.

Few missing shingles, some broken windows. Damage to air

conditioning units / etc. Some minor

Less than 2 inches in first floor Minor basement flooding.

Destroyed Definition

67 Damage Definitions General Description Things to look for. . . Where’s the water? Structure is a total loss. Not economically feasible to rebuild. •Structure leveled above the foundation or second floor is gone. •Foundation or basement damaged significantly. •Structure is leveled or has Major shifting of its foundation or only the foundation remains. •Roof is gone with noticeable distortion of the walls. f

More than 4 feet on the first floor.

More than 2 feet in the mobile home.

Destroyed

Not economically feasible to rebuild. Structure is a total loss.

Destroyed

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Structure leveled above the foundation.

Destroyed

Destroyed

71 Roof is gone with noticeable distortion of the walls.

Major Defined

73 Damage Definitions General Description Things to look for. . . Where’s the water? Structure is currently uninhabitable. Extensive repairs are necessary to make it habitable. Will take more than 30 days to repair. •Walls collapsed. •Exterior frame damaged. •Roof off or collapsed. •Major damage to utilities: furnace, heater, water heater, well, septic system. •Portions of roof & decking missing. • Twisted, bowed, cracked, or collapsed walls. • Structure penetrated by large object, such as tree. •Damaged foundation. 2-4 feet in first floor. 1 foot or more in first floor with basement. 6 inches to 2 feet in mobile home with plywood floors – 1 inch with particle board floors.

Major

6 inches to 2 feet in mobile home with plywood floors 1 inch with particle board floors.

Major

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Water level

Minor

Damage Definitions General Description Things to look for. . . Where’s the water? Structure is damaged and uninhabitable. Minor repairs are necessary to

make habitable.

Will take less than 30 days to •Interior flooring /exterior walls with some damage. •Tree(s) fallen on structure. •Smoke damage. •Shingles / roof tiles moved or missing. •Minor shifting or settling of foundation. •Many missing shingles, broken windows and doors. •Some damage to septic system. •Loose or missing 2 inches – 2 feet on the first floor

without basement. 1 foot or more in the basement. Crawl space – reached insulation. Sewage in the basement.

Minor

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Many missing shingles, broken windows and doors.

Minor

2 inches – 2 feet on the first floor without basement. Will take less than 30 days to repair.

Minor

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Minor

2 inches or less on the first floor (Affected).

Minor

Minor

Less than 2 feet in first floor.

1 ₂

3 4

Affected

83 Damage Definitions General Description Things to look for. . . Where’s the water? Structure has received Minimal damage and is habitable without repairs. •Chimney or porch damaged. • Carpet on first floor soaked. • Broken windows. •Few missing shingles, some broken windows. • Damage to air conditioning units, etc. •Some minor basement flooding. •2 inches or less on the first floor. •Minor basement flooding. •No water in “Belly Board” of mobile home.

Affected

Affected

85 Structure has received Minimal damage

and is habitable without repairs.

Note: spaces damaged are “Non-essential rooms or areas.”

Inaccessible

Inaccessible by normal Means due •Road flooded •Severe erosion •Bridge out •Land slide •Mud slide

Multi-Family Buildings

87

Every unit

impacted

must be

counted

within its

damage

category.

PDA Tips

• Use the damage level guide.

• Destroyed and Major structures will usually have

compromised structural components.

• Destroyed, Major, and Minor structures are

uninhabitable.

• Choose the higher level of damage when in

doubt between two levels.

Affected

89

•Brick

2 1/2 inches per course

•Concrete or cinder block

8 inches per course

•Lap or aluminum siding

4 inches or 8 inches per course

•Door knobs

36 inches above floor

•Stair risers

7 inches

•Standard doors

6 feet 8 inches

IDA Tips: Estimating Water Depths

Initial Damage Assessment

Summary Reporting

• Return completed Assessment Forms to Local OHSEP. • Add disaster-specific comments or observations . • Coordinator compiles information and submits to GOHSEP

Submitting Information to

GOHSEP

• Cumulative IDA summary data via local emergency coordinator,

• Use the on-line form in WebEOC.

• Submit Cumulative IDA results form to GOHSEP Region II Coordinator.

PDA Results

• Assists local

government priorities and decisions.

• Confirms Governor’s

request for federal assistance.

• Governor specifies

programs requested (IA, PA, HMGP) by

Questions?