Introduction to
Introduction to
Substation
Substation
Automation
Automation
MV Giri
MV Girish, Commissioning sh, Commissioning engineers engineers training, 201training, 2011-01-211-01-21
and IEC61850
Conventional Control & Protection
Conventional Control & Protection
220 kV Switch Yard Double Busbar 220 kV Switch Yard Double Busbar
Control Building Control Building 400 kV Switch Yard 1/2 Circuit Breaker
400 kV Switch Yard 1/2 Circuit Breaker
Control Board Control Board Cable Trenches Cable Trenches Protection panels Protection panels
Modern Substation Automation
220 kV line protection 400 kV line protection Interbay bus Gateway GPS Printers Eth. Switch Interbay bus Monitoring & control from remote Local control Bay control 220 kV Bay control 400 kV Transformer protection Bay Units Busbar protection Central UnitModern Substation Automation
-Q1 -Q0 -Q9 -Q8 -Q2 P r o c e s s L e v e l B a y L e v e l S t a t i o n L e v e l ABBNetworkPartner AG C E COM581 Network Control Center NCCFuture Substation Automation
ABBNetworkPartner AG C E COM581 Network Control Center NCC P I S A P I S A A P I S A B P I S A A -Q1 -Q2 -Q51 -Q0 -T1 -Q9 -Q8 P r o c e s s L e v e l ? LOCAL REMOTESET OPERATION M M M B a y L e v e l S t a t i o n L e v e l Process BusTechnical requirements for the standard
L o n g t e r m s t ab i l i ty The standard shall be future proof , i.e.
it must be able to follow the progress in communication technology as well as evolving system requirements.
Interoperability The ability for IED’s from one or several manufacturer to exchange information and use the information for the their own functions.
Free allocatio n The standard shall support different
philosophies and allow a free allocation of functions e.g. it must
work equally well for centralized (RTU like) or decentralized (SCS like) systems.
How to solve all these Technical requirements?
Interoperability !
Free allocation !
Long term stability !
What features in a Substation and in a Substation Automation System
are changing slowly ?
are changing fast ?
What belongs really to the
the functions ?
the communication ?
Approach of IEC 61850
DATA MODEL Objects Service Application Domain Substation Communication Technology S l o w Fast C h a n g e i n T e c h n o l o g y How to make a future proof standard ? ISO/OSI seven layer stack 4 3 2 1 APPLICATION switching devices protection & control commands, events, alarms,Problem for standardization
approach Solution forstandardization approach
COMMUNICATION messages, telegrams, frames on the wire 7 6 5
Data model
The data mode is an object model close to user
It provides all services for the domain S/S and SA
It provides a high degree of freedo for optimization
It supports the more convenient use of object lists
instead of signal lists
Communication and Logical Nodes
Information is exchanged between all
which
comprise the system
More
precisely,
data
are
exchanged
between
the
and
residing in the devices
The smallest part of the function that exchanges data
and
–
very important
–
may be implemented separately in
dedicated devices is called
in
The
is a
related to some function
but it is told often that the LN performs some
operations for the overall function
Communication in a Substation Automation Syste
functions
sub-functions
IEC
61850
Communication and Logical Nodes
Information is exchanged between all
which
comprise the system
More
precisely,
data
are
exchanged
between
the
and
residing in the devices
The smallest part of the function that exchanges data
and
–
very important
–
may be implemented separately in
dedicated devices is called
in
The
is a
related to some function
but it is told often that the LN performs some
operations for the overall function
Communication in a Substation Automation Syste
functions
sub-functions
IEC
61850
Examples of Logical Nodes close to the user
Secondary technology C o n t r o l Q0/CSWI Q8/CSWI Q9/CSWI Bay-HMI IHMI D i s t a n c e P r o t e c t i o n PDIS C i r c u i t B r e ak e r Q0_L1/XCBR G as d e n s i t y m o n .Q0_L1/SIMG Primary technology
Isolator Q9_L1/XSWI G as d e n s i t y m o n . Q9_L1/SIMG E a r t h i n g S w i t c h Q8_L1/XSWI G as d e n s i t y m o n . Q8_L1/SIMG
Examples of LNs in devices (IEDs)
Device Example:
Combined Protection and Control Unit
Device Example: Circuit Breaker Device Example: Station Workplace XCBR (Circuit Breaker) TCTR (Current Transformer) TVTR (Voltage Transformer) CSWI (Switch Controller) PDIS (Distance Protection) IHMI
(Human Machine IF)
Device Example: Combisensor
The groups of LNs provided by IEC 61850
L System LN (2*) P Protection (28) R Protection related (10) C Control (5) G Generic (3) I Interfacing and archiving (4)
A Automatic control (4)
M Metering and measurement (8)
S Sensor and monitoring (4)
X Switchgear (2)
T Instrument transformers (2)
Y Power transformers (4)
Z Further power system
equipment (15)
E x a m p l e s
• PDIF : Differential protection
• R B R F : Breaker failure
• X C B R : Circuit breaker
• CSWI : Switch controller
• MMXU : Measurement unit
• YPTR : Power transformer
*) Number in brackets indicates the number of LNs provided allocated to this group
The model hierarchy (example)
Property Attribute Value Attribute Logical Device (LD) GroupingPhysical Device (IED) defined as Server
Implementation
Logical Node (LN)
Data (Object)
Data
Bay Unit (name not standardized)
Control (name not standardized)
CSWI (Switch Control)
Pos (Position)
ctlVal (Control Value/Command) off/on
stVal (Status Value)
Device model according to IEC 61850 with the Logical
Nodes for a combined protection-control
LLN0
CSWI
Logical Device (LD) “Line protection”
Logical Device (LD) “Bay control”
Physical Device (PD) “Bay Unit” CILO LLN0 L o g i c a l D ev i c e (L D ) f o r c o m m o n P D f e at u r e s LPHD LPHD PDI S PTOC LLN0 LPHD
Logical Nodes used
LLN0 Common properties PDIS Distance protection PTOC Time overcurrent
protection CSWI Switch control CILO Interlocking LPHD Physical device
From Signal List to Object List
LN XCBR
Circuit Breaker
LN IHMI Station HMI
LN
CSWI Switch Controller
Complete ? Complete regarding mandatory data !
Object list ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. ……….. Signal list
System Architecture (Example)
Control Center HMI Engineering
Router Relay A Bay Controller Modern Switchgear Modern CT / VT's Relay B Relay A Bay Controller Modern Switchgear Modern CT / VT's Relay B
IEC 61850 Documentation
Mapping to real Comm. Networks (SCSM)
Part 8-1: Mapping to MMS and to ISO/IEC 8802-3
Part 9-1: Sampled Values over Serial Unidirectional
Multidrop Point-to-Point link Part 9-2: Sampled values over ISO 8802-3
Part 7-2: Abstract Communication Services (ACSI) Part 7-1: Principles and Models
Abstract Communication Services
Part 7-4: Compatible Logical Node Classes and Data Classes
Part 7-3: Common Data Classes
Data Models
Part 10: Conformance Testing
Testing
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
System Aspects
Part 2: Glossary
Part 3: General Requirements Part 4: System and Project
Management
Part 5: Comm. Requirements for Functions and Device Models
Configuration
Part 6: Configuration Language for electrical
Engineering
Engineering features
Formal description for
device and system structures needed
Substation Configuration description Language provides the formal description
Engineering
For the formal description is provided by the
Substation Configuration description Language
(SCL)
based on XML
defined in part 6 of the standard (IEC 61850-6)
usable for
IED Configuration Description (ICD) files
System Configuration Description (SCD) file
System functional specification (SSD)
the engineering information is exchangeable
between tools !!!
SCL exchange during the engineering process
IED
Configurator IED
DB
File transfer local
File transfer remote IED Capabilities
(LN, DO, etc)
File transfers and parameterization with
IEC61850 services
Engineering environment
SA system
IED IED IED IED
Substation Gateway
Association, relation to Single line diagram, preconfigured, reports, etc. Engineering Workplace System Configurator
