ROLE OF AN INDIGENOUS HERBAL COMPOUND IN DYSLIPIDEMIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ABADDHA MEDA

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Vijay et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

ROLE OF AN INDIGENOUS HERBAL COMPOUND IN

DYSLIPIDEMIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ABADDHA MEDA

1

Dr. Pandey Nitin, *2Dr Vijay Kumar, 3Dr. Vikas Chandra Gupta

1

Associate Professor, Department of Kay Chikitsa, H.A.M. College & Hospital, Dehradoon

(U.K), INDIA,

2

Associate Professor, Department of Swasthavritta, Patanjali Bharteeya Ayurvigyan Evem

Anusandh, Sansthan, Haridwar, UK, INDIA

3

Lecturer, Lalit Hari State Ayurvedic College, Pilibhit

ABSTRACT

Growing prevalence of life style disorders worldwide is an increasing

concern surrounding the rising rates of many metabolic disorders with

the consequent health and financial implications for the population.

Dyslipidemia is one of such type of diseases, characterized by higher

triglycerides, lower High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), and increased

Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) Very Low Density Lipoproteins

(VLDL)particles. Santarpana janya vikara as explained in Ayurvedic

classics produces Medo- dushti which is root causes of many diseases.

Following study is carried out to assess effect of drugs which has

proved Medoher properties and also explained in Lekhniye

mahakashaya. Method: Study is carried on 25 patients of dyslipidemia,

which were selected on OPD basis, for 3 months therapy with

indigenous herbal compound.

KEYWORDS: Dyslipidemia, Santarpanajanyavikara, Medo- dushti.

INTRODUCTION

Life style disorders are always be the burning issues for human health since ancient time. It‟s

also explained in detail by Charak in Sutra-Sthana under chapter twenty three named

Santarpaniya Adhyay. He divided diseases on behalf of two specific causes related to

human‟s life style and nutritional values. Diseases explained under Santarpan-Janya, belongs

to sedentary life style and diets which not only have high nutritional values but also have a

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

SJIF Impact Factor 5.045

Volume 4, Issue 3, 1561-1568. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105

Article Received on 07 Jan 2015,

Revised on 27 Jan 2015, Accepted on 18 Feb 2015

*Correspondence for Author

Dr. Vijay Kumar Associate Professor, Department of

Swasthavritta, Patanjali Bharteeya Ayurvigyan Evem Anusandh, Sansthan, Haridwar, Uk, India.

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character to vitiate normal balanced Doshas. This vitiation is aetiology of lot of diseases

including Ati- sthoulya and Medo-Dushti. Here Medo-Dushti word stands not only for

accumulation of fat but also and mainly for disturbed Fat metabolism which causes lot of

fatal diseases like Prameha. Medas has two elemental components as Prithvi and Jala

mahabhutas in itself which decides its nature of being baddha or abaddha. As excess of

PRITHVI element produces GURU (heavy) and Sthiritva (bounded) or Baddha in

Gunas(qualities) but as another component JALA increases then it start to be Asthir or

Abaddha (free). This free or Abaddha form has tendency to vitiate Doshas and other Dhatus

(tissues) in body. Prameha and many other disease are rooted by this free form of Meda is

one of those disease which need abaddha meda to initiate. These elements also produce some

other but prime properties of Meda as Snighdha (unctuous), Guru (heavy), Sthula (space

occupying), Picchila (sticky), Mridu (soft) and Sandra (dense) Guna. Having the same

elemental structure in it‟s constitution Meda has similarity to Kapha dosha. So all facts either

food habits or lifestyle which enhance kapha dosha also nourishes Meda-dhatu. Meda helps

to produce Sweda (sweat) and lubricate muscles and bones by Sneha (oleation).If only one

dhatu meda is nourished then this disproportionately increment in Meda-dhatu is accountable

for several serious consequences. So many times this Medo-Dhatu effect Jathargni and

reduces the Agnitatva of circulating Dhatus. As a following result, Aama-Avastha is created.

Aama-avastha is a stage of declined rate of metabolic transformations and causes lots of

lifestyle disorders.

Dyslipidemiaisa disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, including lipoprotein overproduction or

deficiency. Dyslipidemias may be manifested by elevation of the total cholesterol, the "bad"

low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the triglyceride concentrations, and a decrease

in the "good" high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration in the blood.

Desirable levels of blood fats are:

 Total cholesterol: Below 200 mg/dL

 HDL cholesterol: Men - above 40 mg/dL; Women - above 50 mg/dL

 LDL cholesterol: Below 100 mg/dL; Below 70 mg/dL for people with diabetes or heart

disease

 Triglycerides: Below 150 mg/dL

When lipid levels in the bloodstream are too high or low, this condition is called

dyslipidemia. The most common types of dyslipidemia are:

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 Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL or “good”) cholesterol

 High levels of triglycerides (TG)

When LDL cholesterol levels are high, fatty deposits (called plaques) can build up in the

arteries, the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart throughout the body. Over time,

plaques narrow the arteries, producing atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). This can

cause heart disease, heart attack, peripheral artery disease (reduced blood flow in the limbs,

usually the legs), or stroke. Low levels of HDL and high levels of triglycerides can also

increase fat build-up in the arteries. High levels of HDL cholesterol, however, protect the

heart by helping to remove the build-up of LDL from the arteries.

CAUSES

Primary (genetic) causes and secondary (lifestyle and other) causes contribute to

dyslipidemias in varying degrees. Primary causes are single or multiple gene mutations that

result in either overproduction or defective clearance of TG and LDL cholesterol, or in

underproduction or excessive clearance of HDL Secondary causes contribute to many cases

of dyslipidemia in adults. The most important secondary cause in developed countries is a

sedentary lifestyle with excessive dietary intake of saturated fat, cholesterol, and trans fats.

Trans fats are polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids to which hydrogen atoms have

been added; they are commonly used in many processed foods and are as atherogenic as

saturated fat. Other common secondary causes include diabetes mellitus, alcohol overuse,

chronic kidney disease, hypothyroidism, primary biliary cirrhosis and other cholestatic liver

diseases, and drugs, such as thiazides, β-blockers, retinoids, highly active antiretroviral

agents, cyclosporine, estrogen and progestins, and glucocorticoids. Secondary causes of low

levels of HDL cholesterol include cigarette smoking, anabolic steroids, HIV infection, and

nephrotic syndrome. Diabetes is an especially significant secondary cause because patients

tend to have an atherogenic combination of high TGs; high small, dense LDL fractions; and

low HDL (diabetic dyslipidemia, hyper-triglyceridemic hyperapo B).

MATERIALSAND METHODS

SELECTION AND STUDY OF PATIENTS

This study was conducted on 25 clinically diagnosed patients of dyslipidemia, selected

randomly from OPD of Raj Physiotherapy & Ayurvedic Center, Roorkee. Most of the

patients came to this hospital directly while few of them were referred cases from other

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Inclusion criterias

(a) Plasma levels ≥200 mg/dL for Total Cholestrol,

(b) Plasma level ≥130 mg/dL for LDL-C,

(c) Plasma level <40 mg/dL for HDL-C,

(d)Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL

Exclusion criteria

(a)

Medical history of unstable angina

(b)

Myocardial infarction

(c)

Heart failure or stroke within 3 months of the study

(d)

Uncontrolled hypertension (diastolic blood pressure more than100 mmHg)

(e)

Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

(f)

ALT and AST b2 × upper limit of normal (40 mg/dL)

(g)

Impaired renal function (creatinine ≥ 2.0 mg/dL)

(h)

Pregnancy/lactation

(i)

Patients on any other hypo-lipidemic drugs during the last 15 days. The study was closed

for participation in April 2011.

STUDY DESIGN

All the patients in present clinical study were studied under following headings--

tory Investigations

All the persons were thoroughly enquired about age, sex, address, occupation, education,

socio-economic status, life style, dietary habit at the time of registration.

PLAN OF STUDY : Preparation of the trial drugs and dose : Compound drug contains

fine powder of Kutaki (Picororhiza kurroa), Daaruharidra (Berberis aristata) , , Chirbilva

(Holoptelea integrifolia) , Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica) and Trikatu with Puran Guggulu

(Comiphora mukul). All equal part powder of each the drugs is mixed with Gggulu to form

Vatis weighing 500 mg. Dosage of two tablet thrice in a day at the interval of six hour has

been decided with luke hot water.

Trial drug dose, duration and time of intake

No. of Patients Dose Duration of therapy Time of intake

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Diet and life style: All the patient were advise to normal diet and follow their normal daily routine.

Assessment of drug efficacy: It is mainly assessed on the basis of the statistical result of the subjective and objective parameters. Response of treatment was assessed in each follow-up of

45 days (Total 2 follow up) for Lipid profile.

OBSERVATION AND RESULTS DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

Incidence of Age, Sex, Occupation, Habitat, Socio-economic status, Dietary habit and Addiction

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1: Showing overall status

Age

Total

25-35 36-45 46-55 56-65

No. % No. % No. % No. %

9 36 13 52 3 12 1 4 25

Sex

Total

Male Female

No. % No. %

11 44 14 56 25

10 40 15 60 25

Occupation

Total

Agriculture Business Service House Wife Student

No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %

1 4 3 12 8 32 9 36 4 16 25

Habitat

Total

Urban Rural

No. % No. %

19 76 6 24 25

Socio-economics status

Total

Upper Middle Lower

No. % No. % No. %

5 20 16 64 4 16 25

Dietary habit

Total

Vegetarian Non-Vegetarian

No. % No. %

11 44 14 56 25

Addiction

Total

No Yes

No. % No. %

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B) RESPONSE IN OBJECTIVE PARAMETERS: Table 3-Showing overall effect

Trial Group

Total cholesterol mean  SD

Within the group comparison (Paired ‘t’ test)

BT F1 F2 BT vs F1 (BT-F1)

BT vs F2 (BT – F2)

(n=25) 234.80 _ 30.65

222.44

37.68

216.88

36.13

12.3627.48 t = 2.25 p < 0.05

S

17.9233.26 t = 2.69 p < 0.02

S

Trial Group

HDL mean  SD

BT F1 F2

BT vs F1 (BT-F1)

BT vs F2 (BT – F2)

(n=25) 38.28 _ 2.84

38.76

2.52

39.88

2.49

-0.481.39 t = 1.73 p > 0.05

NS

-1.602.04 t = 3.92 p < 0.01

HS

Trial Group

LDL

mean  SD

Within the group comparison (Paired „t‟ test)

BT F1 F2 BT vs F1

(BT-F1)

BT vs F2

(BT – F2)

(n=25) 134.00 _ 18.72

131.16

17.69

129.12

16.11

2.842.37 t = 5.98 p < 0.001

HS

4.883.91 t = 6.24 p < 0.001

HS

As the above study was carried, trial of drug is done more than 45 patients but only 25

patients completed the course and followed the complete instructions. The plasma levels of

Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides were determined at the start, middle and at the

end of treatment. There was a significant reduction in total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides

whereas there was a significant elevation in the HDL level. Statistical analysis of the results

confirmed the significance of the above observation with the reduction in total cholesterol,

LDL and triglycerides (P <0.01), and HDL elevation (P < 0.01). These data are significantly

indicating that drugs selected from LekhniyaMahakshaya of Charka has tendency to reduce

the low density lipid and very low density lipid. Although Guggul and Trikatu are not

Trial Group

Triglycerides mean  SD

BT F1 F2

BT vs F1 (BT-F1)

BT vs F2 (BT – F2)

(n=25) 168.36 _ 28.70

165.52

27.32

163.44

26.37

2.843.06 t = 4.63 p < 0.001

HS

4.924.04 t = 6.09 p < 0.001

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explained in LekhniyA Mahakashaya but Abaddh meda is a condition of Agnimandhya so

Trikatu is also added in therapy. Guggulu is a good binder, which ease to form Vati but

Purana guggulu is considered Medoher that‟s why Purana Guggulu is preferred on other

binders. This is Abaddha Meda which may cause Srotavrodha and may produce Hridroga

(CAD), Hrichchula (angina), Madhumeha (diabetes) etc. It also enhances HDL which works

as Medo-Dhatu and nourishes body.

CONCLUSION

Santarpanjanya Vikaras are continuously increasing during current times and Medo-dushti

(disorders of fat metabolism) serves as one of the important etiological factor in most of these

disorders. Deposition of serum lipids results in decreased flow of blood in arteries being the

underlying cause of many diseases. Administration of above drugs possessing Tikta-Katu

Rasa (bitter taste), Ushna Veerya (hot in potency), Laghu and Ruksha Guna (light and dry

qualities), Katu Vipaka and Vata Kaphahara actions were noted during the analysis. these all

properties are against Medo-Dhatu which help to reduce fat in body. Guggulu is effective

medoher by Prabhava (special effect) and also has Yogvahi property. These two properties

also enhance anti-dislipidemic effect of compound drug. Luke hot water as Sahapan is not

only for drug carriage but it also enhance Jatharagni which help to digest Aam. So this small

study may be pioneer of further innovative works on Dyslipidemia with the above

formulation.

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