Warm Up
Haiti video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=04sXaTzGUss&feature=channel Haiti Article
-Read article – first paragraph as a class
-As usual, underline words you have learned in the class
-Circle words you do not know -What is happening in the video?
-How does this article provide a solution?
-Is there anything we can do?
Why is it important to keep our water clean?
Cholera, a bacteria that thrives in feces-contaminated water, causes severe diarrhea and vomiting that can dehydrate and kill its victims in hours without treatment. The rate of severe cases, about 30 to 40
percent, is far higher in Haiti than the 25 percent in a typical outbreak because of extreme poverty,
unsanitary conditions and the fact
that cholera has not been there for
40 years
Cholera Victims
Where does water pollution come from?
Largest sources of water pollution
▪ 1. Agricultural run-off: (contains sediments, pesticides, fertilizers, and plant and animal wastes)
▪ 2. Sewage
▪ a. Contains organic wastes and pathogens from humans
▪ b. In most developed countries, sewage is
treated before it is dumped but in developing countries, sewage is NOT treated before
dumping
Other sources
▪ 1. Industry – may contain toxic chemicals
▪ 2. Urban run-off – from cities; may contain pathogens, fertilizers, and sediments
▪ 3. Mining run-off – may contain sediments and toxic chemicals
▪ 4. Construction run-off – may contain
sediments, fertilizers, and toxic chemicals
History of Water Pollution
▪ 1. Contaminated water has been a source of problems for 100’s of years
▪ 2. As waters all over the world became
contaminated, infectious diseases became more common; soon people realized the link between contaminated water and human disease
▪ 3. Direct dumping of pollutants into waterways was banned in most developed countries, but ocean
dumping is still a common practice today
▪ a. Affects the ocean ecosystem
▪ b. May still be a health risk to humans as pollutants drift back to shore
Water Pollution Today
▪ 1. Obtaining and using energy
resources, along with sewage and chemical disposal, are the major causes of water pollution
▪ 2. The health of an ecosystems and
humans is directly influenced by the
quality of its water
Agenda
Haiti’s Cholera Epidemic
Water Quality Investigation
We all live downstream
Water Pollution Notes
Testing our Water
It’s a concern in Japan too!
Water Quality Investigation
Can you taste the difference?
6 volunteers
Tap Water
Distilled Water
Bottled “spring” water
If you knew there was a cholera epidemic in your area, which
water would you WANT to be
drinking?
LAB NOTEBOOK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Unit 6: Water, Oceans, and Shorelines
We all live downstream!
You have each inherited $10 MILLION for a riverfront property!
On your sheet of paper, draw your river
Then, draw anything that you want to use your riverfront property for!
What are you passionate about? If you
could build anything, what would it be?
Point vs. Non-Point
Point Source: A single identifiable source of water pollution
Non-Point Source: Water pollution that comes from a variety of
sources picked up by run-off
moves
Questions to bring to your property
1.
Why did you draw what you drew?
2.
Is there anything on your property that you think may pollute the
water ways?
3.
What is nonpoint source pollution?
4.
What is point source pollution?
5.
What are some ways that humans pollute water?
6.
How does pollution occur naturally?
On the back of your picture…
Respond to these questions in full sentences:
1.
How does what happened
upstream, affect what happens downstream?
2.
Does a small amount of litter make a big difference over time?
3.
What are some things you can do now that you have seen first hand what litter can do to water?
4.
How does this litter affect the water
cycle?
What is going to eventually happen if
you put a drop of food coloring on one
of the tub walls?
Watershed
A watershed is all the land and
river systems from which water drains toward a common point
You live in a watershed!
Watershed in North
Carolina
North Carolina Watershed is
decreasing…
What it looks like now…
There are 5 different types of water pollution…
Water Pollutio
n
Chemicals
Radioactiv ity
Thermal Pollution
Sediment s
Sewage
1. Chemicals
May be toxic
Examples: Acids, fertilizers, pesticides, gas, & oil
Results from oil spills, roadway runoff
Causes Health effects,
eutrophication
2. Radioactivity
Solid and liquid radioactive wastes
from nuclear power plants and leaks
into groundwater
3. Thermal Pollution
Human activity increases water temperature increases fish
metabolism consume more oxygen BUT water holds less
oxygen destructive to developing
eggs and young fish
FAST FACT
Laughing lowers stress hormones (like cortisol, epinephrine, and adrenaline) and strengthens the immune system by releasing health-enhancing
hormones.
4. Sediments
Soil run-off causes water to become cloudy, allowing less sunlight in for photosynthesis;
Waters become more shallow
Clogs fish gills
5. Sewage
Human & animal waste causes a
decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water
May contain pathogens that are
then passed on to humans
Water Quality in NC!
The number one source of water pollution in NC is storm water run-off
Why is there high storm water run-off in NC?
Construction
Forestry operations
Mining operations
Crop production
Land fills
Failing septic systems
Road and parking lots
What are some of the problems?
Storm water carries sediments, oils, toxic residues, pesticides, fertilizers, animal waste and other pollutants
Sediments (the main pollutant) fills rivers and kill fish… what does that mean for the environment and the population?
Animal waste contains fecal coliform bacteria and possibly other
pathogens
How can we control it?
The first U.S. legislation to control water pollution was enacted over a century ago, however the water
pollution problem still exists
Reasons for continued water pollution problems include
weak law enforcement and low fines for violations
Current Legislation
1. Clean Water Act (1972) – set water quality standards for all 50 states, but is NOT a set of laws to enforce
2. Safe Drinking Water Act (1974) – established minimum safety standards for community water supplies
3. Clean Water Act Amendment (1985) – set a national goal of making all U.S. surface waters “fishable and swimmable”
Enforcement
1. Local, state, and federal
governments are responsible for
making and enforcing laws regarding water pollution
2. These laws must be strengthened and enforced if water quality
standards are to be met
Solutions?!
YOU!
Require developments to be built away from creeks and rivers
Limit pavement in new development
What can you think of?!
Testing our Water
Water should be neutral (pH of 7)
What is the pH of our water?
*One of these is from the school water fountains!
Would you rather be drinking tap
Water
Sample pH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TOKYO — Radioactive iodine detected in Tokyo’s water supply
prompted Japanese authorities on Wednesday to warn that infants in Tokyo and surrounding areas should not be given tap water to drink, adding to the anxiety about public safety posed by Japan’s unfolding nuclear crisis.
The announcement prompted a run on bottled water at stores in Tokyo and a pledge from the authorities to distribute bottled water to families with infants. Prime Minister Naoto Kan said earlier
Wednesday that the public should avoid additional farm produce from areas near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, severely damaged by the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, according to the Japanese news media.
Exit Ticket
1.
Name and describe 2 different types of pollution
2.
What is a watershed
3.
What is an example of nonpoint source pollution?
4.
What is an example of point source pollution?
5.