DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
SYLLABUS FOR 3 4 rd, th , 5 th , 6 th , 7 th & 8 SEMESTERSthCourse-Structure: B. Tech. Electrical Engineering
Lecture Tutorial Practical Credit 3rd Semester
1Mathematics III 6 2 0 8
2Thermodynamics and Heat power Engineering 6 0 0 6
3Network Analysis and Synthesis 6 2 2 10
4Analog Circuits 6 2 2 10 5Programming in C 6 0 2 8 42 4th semester 1Electrical Machine I 6 2 2 10 2Power System I 6 2 0 8
3Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments 6 2 2 10
4Electrical Engineering Materials 6 0 0 6
5Digital Electronics 6 0 2 8
42 5th Semester
1Electrical Machine II 6 2 2 10
2Power System II 6 2 2 10
3Numerical Methods and Analysis 6 2 2 10
4Control System I 6 2 2 10
5Electromagnetic Field Theory 6 0 0 6
46 6th semester
1Microprocessors and its applications 6 0 2 8
2Power Electronics 6 2 2 10
3Communication Systems 6 0 2 8
4Digital Signal Processing 6 0 2 8
5Industrial Instrumentation 6 2 2 10
44 7th Semester
1Engineering Economics and Costing 6 0 0 6
2Control System II 6 2 0 8
3Electrical Machine Design and Power Circuit Design Estimation and Costing 6 0 2 8
4Electrical Drives 6 0 2 8 5Elective 1 6 0/2 2/0 8 6Project 0 0 4 4 42 8th semester 1 Industrial Management 6 0 0 6
2High Voltage Engineering 6 0 2 8
3Elective2 6 0/2 2/0 8
4Elective 3 6 2 0 8
5Grand Viva 4 4
6Project 0 0 8 8
42
Total credit excluding 1St and 2nd semester 258
Lecture Tutorial Practical Credit
1. Dynamics of Electrical Machine 6 2 0 8
2. Generalized Theory of Electrical Machine 6 2 0 8
3. Special Machines 6 2 0 8
4. Power Plant Engineering 6 2 0 8
5. Computer Application in Power systems 6 0 2 8
6. Dynamics of Power system 6 2 0 8
7. Process Control & Instrumentation 6 0 2 8
8. Digital Image Processing 6 0 2 8
9. Opto-electronics Based Instrumentation 6 0 2 8
10. Biomedical Instrumentation 6 0 2 8
11. Analytical Instrumentation 6 0 2 8
12. Power System Instrumentation 6 2 0 8
13. VLSI Technology 6 0 2 8
14. Opto-electronics and Integrated Optics 6 0 2 8
15. Embedded systems 6 0 2 8
16. Advances Microprocessor & Microcontroller 6 0 2 8
17. Microprocessor Based Systems 6 0 2 8
18. Industrial Automation and Control 6 0 2 8
19. Intelligent Control 6 2 0 8
20. Advanced Control Theory 6 2 0 8
21. Non-linear control 6 2 0 8
22. Digital communication systems 6 0 2 8
23. Antenna and wave Propagation Engineering 6 0 2 8
24. Optical Communication 6 0 2 8
25. Mobile communication 6 0 2 8
26. Advance power electronics 6 0 2 8
27. Advance Drives 6 0 2 8
28. Object oriented programming 6 0 2 8
29. RDBMS 6 0 2 8
30. Artificial Intelligence and Expert System 6 2 0 8
31. Compiler Construction and Design 6 2 0 8
32. Software Engineering 6 2 0 8
33. Operating Systems 6 2 0 8
34. Computer Networking 6 0 2 8
35. Network and Data Communication 6 0 2 8
36. Computer organization and Architecture 6 2 0 8
37. Human Computer Interaction 6 0 2 8
38. Advance Engineering Chemistry 6 2 0 8
39. Fuzzy set and fuzzy logic 6 2 0 8
40. Advance Mathematics 6 2 0 8
41. Computational Electrodynamics 6 2 0 8
42. Mechatronics 6 0 2 8
43. Operation research 6 2 0 8
44. Total Quality Management 6 2 0 8
45. Finite Element Analysis 6 0 2 8
46. Solid State Physics 6 2 0 8
47. Laser and Nonlinear Optics 6 0 2 8
48. Nuclear Physics 6 2 0 8
49. Quantum Mechanics 6 2 0 8
50. Reliability Engineering 6 2 0 8
51. Artificial intelligence and Robotics 6 0 2 8
52. Energy Science and Engineering 6 2 0 8
53. Electrical Utilization and Illumination Engineering 6 0 2 8
54. Introduction Nanotechnology 6 2 0 8
56. Switchgear and Power System Protection 6 0 2 8
3rd Semester
1. Mathematics III(6-2-0)
Probability and Statistics:
Classical and Axiomatic definition of Probability, Conditional Probability, Independent Events, Random Variables, Probability mass function and Probability density function, Distribution function, Function of Random Variables. Standard univariate discrete and continuous distribution and their properties, Mathematical Expectation, Moments, Moments Generating Function, correlation and regression.
Fourier Series:
Fourier series, Half range series, Fourier sine series and Fourier cosine series.
Function of Several Variables:
Partial Derivatives, Chain Rule, Differentiation of Implicit functions, Exact Differentials, Tangent planes and Normal planes, Maxima, Minima and Saddle points, Simple problems in extrema of functions with constraints, Method of Lagrangian Multipliers.
Multiple Integrals:
Double and Triple Integrals, Jacobians and transformation of co-ordinates, Application to areas, volumes center of pressure.
Improper Integrals:
Test of convergence, Beta and Gamma function.
Vector Calculus:
Vector differentiation and Integrations, gradient, divergence and curl-Application.
Function of a Complex Variable:
Limit, continuity and differentiation, Analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Conjugate functions, Application to two dimensional problems, Cauchy’s Integral theorem, Taylor’s and Laurent’s expansions, Brach points, zeros, poles, residues, simple problems on Contour Integration.
Reference Books
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics: E. Kreyszig. 2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics: H.K.Dass.
3. A Textbook of Engineering Mathematics: N.P.Bali & Manish Goyal. 4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics: B.S.Grewal.
5. Statistical Methods: Gupta & Kapoor/Kapoor & Sexena. 6. Vector Calculas: M.L.Khanna.
7. Integral Calculas: Maity & Ghosh.
2 . Thermodynamics & Heat Power Engineering (6-0-0)
Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics:Introduction to kinetic theory of gases, thermodynamic systems, thermodynamic equilibrium; properties of system, state, process, cycle, point function, path function, temperature, pressure, energy, work, heat.
Properties of pure substances:
Definition of pure substance, phase change diagram, P-V-T surface, property diagrams, thermodynamic properties of steam and steam tables,h-s chart, Mollier diagram, dryness fraction.
First law of thermodynamics:
First law, first law applied to process and cycles, energy, PMM1, Joule’s law, SFEE, SFEE applied to different devices.
Second law of thermodynamics:
Limitation of 1st law, Second law of thermodynamics, Clausius and Kelvin Plank statement,
PMM2, Clausius inequality, Entropy, change of Entropy in rev process, Entropy and Irreversibility.
Availability and Irreversibility:
Concept of available and unavailable energy, heat transferred tothrough FTD, availability in steady and unsteady systems, Irreversibility, Effectiveness.
Ideal and Real Gases:
Equation of state, behavior of ideal gas, P-V-T relation, specific heats, real gases, Vander Waal’s equation.
Vapour power cycles:
Carnot Cycle, Rankine cycle, modified Rankine cycle, Reheat and Regenerative cycle.
Gas power cycle:
Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Dual cycle, comparison of Otto, Diesel and Dual cycle, Brayton cycle.
Reference Books
1. Y.A. Cengal & M.A. Boles. Thermodynamics an Engg Approach McGraw Hill 2. P.K. Nag Engg Thermodynamics, Tata McGraw Hill
3. R.K. Rajput Engg Thermodynamics, I.P. 4. P.L. Ballaney Thermal Engg, Khanna Pub.
3.Network Analysis (6-2-2)
Unit 1: IntroductionIntroduction to circuit element, types of network, Review of network theorems
Unit 2: Resonance: Series resonance, impedence curve, selectivity and bandwidth,
parallel resonance, reactance curve.
Unit 3: Transient Response
First Order systems: Introduction, natural response, initial conditions,
complete response of first order system, Application of Lap lace Transform
Higher order systems: Natural response, over damped system, critically
damped system and under damped system, Network excited by external energy sources.
Transform of other signal wave form: Shifted Unit step function, Ramp
and Impulse function, wave form synthesis, Initial and final value of f(t) and F(s)
Unit 4: Properties of Network
Impedance functions and network theorem: Concept of complex
frequency, transform impedances and transform circuit and application of network theorem
Network Function Poles and Zeros
Concept of poles and zeros, Network functions for one port and two port network, Restrictions of poles and zeros location for driving point function and transfer function. Time domain behaviour for the poles and zero plots. Passive filters.
Unit 5: Two Port Network
Concept of two port network, Impedance parameter, Admittance parameter,
transmission parameter, inverse transmission parameter, hybrid parameter, inverse hybrid parameter, Relation between parameter set, interconnection of two networks, Network functions for general networks
Unit 6: Graph Theory
Graph of a network, Trees, co-trees, loops, Incidence matrix, Cut-set, tie-set
matrix, number of possible trees of a graph.
Unit 7: Coupled inductors
Introduction to coupled inductors, mutual inductance, dot convention,
co-efficient of coupling, series and parallel combination of coupled circuit.
Unit 8: Fourier series
Introduction to Fourier series, Evaluation of Fourier coefficient, Waveform
symmetries, Exponential form of Fourier series, Introduction to Fourier transform.
Reference Books
1. Network Analysis & Synthesis By M.E. Van Valkenburg 2. Network Analysis & Synthesis By D.Roy Chowdhury 3. Circuit Theory By A.Chakraborti.
4. Programming in C (6-0-2)
UNIT I. Introduction A. History of C B. Why use C C. Compilers D. Memory modelsUNIT II. Program Structure
A. Header and body B. Use of comments
C. Construction of the program 1. /* Comments */
2. { Body } braces 3. File names
4. Standard compiler library
UNIT III. Data Concepts
A. Interactive programs
B. Variables, constants, and data types C. Declaring words, bytes, and bits D. Key and reserve words
UNIT IV. Simple Input / Output Operations
A. Character strings 1. printf () 2. scanf () B. Single characters 1. getchar () 2. Putchar ()
UNIT V. Statements and Operators
A. Expressions
B. Conversions and typecasting
UNIT VI. Decision Making Abilities
A. Relational operators B. Relational expressions C. Logical operators
UNIT VII. Loops and Controls
A. Control statements for decision making B. Branching and jumps (if statement) C. While loop
D. Do while for loop
UNIT VIII. Input/Output and Redirection
A. Buffers
UNIT IX. Storage Classes
A. Automatic Variables B. External Variables C. Scope and Functions
UNIT X. Functions and Arguments
A. Global and local variables B. Recursion
C. Altering variables in calling programs
UNIT XI. Strings and Arrays
A. Dimensions and initialization of arrays B. String functions
C. Pointers & pointer operations
D. Pointers and multidimensional arrays E. Pointers and strings
UNIT XII. Dynamic Memory allocation
A. Malloc( ) B. Calloc ( )
UNIT XIII. Input, Output, and Disk Files
A. Streams and Files 1. Text Streams 2. Binary Streams B. Standard I/O
1. fopen () and fclose () function
2 fprint (), fscanf (), fgets (), and fputs () 3. Random access: fseek () and ftell ()
UNIT XIV.
A. Structures
B. Pointers to Structures C. Union
UNIT XV. Advanced Topics Basic Graphic Programming in C
Reference Books
AUTHORIZED TEXT: C: Step-by-Step by Waite
RECOMMENDED REFERENCES: Turbo C: The Essentials of C Programming by Kelley and Pohl
The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co., Inc.
The First Book of ANSI C: Fundamentals of C Programming, 2nd ed. by Gary Bronson West Publishing Company
4. Analog Circuits(6-2-2)
1. BJT AMPLIFIERS :Analysis and design of different biasing circuits (including stability) for BJT biasing for integrated circuits, h-parameter model of BJT, mid frequency and low frequency analysis of CE,CB and CC amplifier. Hybrid-pi model of BJT, high frequency analysis of BJT amplifiers, transistors as a switch; transient switching characteristics of transistors.
2. FET AMPLIFIERS :
Analysis and design of different biasing circuits of FET amplifiers small-signal low frequency model of FET , mid frequency and low frequency analysis of CS,CG and CD amplifiers, small-signal high frequency model of BJT, high frequency analysis of FET amplifiers, Bode plots.
3. FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS :
General theory of feedback, stability of feedback amplifier, different feedback topologies effect of different parameters of an amplifier, frequency response of 2pole/3 pole feedback amplifiers, Bode plot, gain and phase margin, compensation, method analysis, design examples.
4. OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS :
Differential amplifiers using BJT and FET characteristics of op-amp, ideal and non ideal properties, High frequency effects on op-amp gain and phase, Bodes plot slew rate limitation, linear and non-linear circuit operations of op-amps like adder, subtractor, multiplier circuits, spice analysis of op-amp circuit integrator differentiator ,comparators, Schimitt trigger (inv and non-inv) ,triggerable and non-triggerable multivibrator, triangular and sinusoidal wave generators, precision rectifier, gyrator network, frequency dependent negative resistance (FDNR), peak detector, Wein bridge oscillator, phase shift oscillator, quadrature oscillator.
5. OSCILLATORS :
oscillators, harmonic oscillators, rephrase shift oscillator, transistor phase shift oscillator, wein bridge oscillator, taned oscillator, colpits oscillator, hartely oscillator, quadrature oscillator
6. VOLTAGE REGULATORS
Voltage Regulators, Design of Series Voltage Regulator, Series regulator with Current
4th Semester
1.
Electrical Machine-I (6-2-2)
Direct Current Machine Construction, Classification, Applictions, Principle of operation ,
armature winding, EMF equation, Armature reaction and commutation, Losses and efficiency, Testing, characteristics of DC motors and generators, starting speed control and breaking of DC motor
Transformer Construction, Classification, Principle of operation,, EMF equation, Phasor
diagram and equivalent circuit., Performance indices , Testing, Auto transformer, 3 phase transformers, Vector Grouping, Parallel operation of transformer. Tap Changers.
Induction Machine Construction, Classification, Rotating magnetic field, Principle of
operation, slip, power flow diagram, slip torque characteristics, starting and speed control of induction motor, performance indices, Double cage rotor, Testing of induction motor, circle diagram, induction generator, Crawling and cogging, Applications
Reference Books
1. Electrical Machine by Nagrath & Kothari 1. Electrical Machinery by Dr P.S. Bhimbra
2. Electrical Machines 2nd Edition by S.K.Bhattacharya
3. Electrical Technology Vol-II (A.C & D.C Machines) by B.L.Theraja & A.K.Theraja
4. Principles of A.C.Machinery 4th Edition By Lawrence & Richards
2.
POWER SYSTEM-I (6-2-0) Unit I
Introduction to power system: Sources of energy, Thermal, hydel, nuclear, pump storage etc.
Unit III
Overhead lines and cables: Main component of overhead line, Line supports, overhead line insulators, insulating materials, types of insulator, Sag and tension, Stringing chart. Corona. Underground cable.
Load curves, Power distribution system, primary and secondary distribution.
Substations: Classification of substations, Major equipments in Substation, Bus bar configurations.
Unit VI
Tariff: characteristics of Tariff, Types of Tariff.
Unit VII
Line parameter i.e. resistance, conductance, inductance, capacitance of short, medium and long single and three phase lines, proximity effect, skin effect, Ferranti effect, bundle conductors, effect of earth on the capacitance of the conductors, Performance of lines: A, B, C, D parameters, short, medium, long lines, transmission efficiency, voltage regulation.
Reference Books
1. Power System Engineeriong, J Nagrath and D P Kothari, Tata McGraw Hill 2. Power System Analysis and Design, B R Gupta, Wheelers Publishers 3. Electrical Power Systems, Ashfaq Hussain, CBS publishers and distributor 4. Principles of Power System, V K Mehta
3. ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT & MEASURING INSTRUMENTS (6-2-2)
Sensitivity-reliability- accuracy-resolution; Error analysis of measurements; classification analog & digital;
Analog instruments:
Classification of analog electrical measuring instruments highlighting basics/working principles of: indicating, integrating, potentiometric, bridges, electrostatic, electrodynamic, and thermal type instruments;
Specific analog instruments to be covered: moving coil, moving iron (attraction and repulsion types)for voltage and current measurements; single phase wattmeter( induction disc type, electrodynamic type)-modifications reqd. for measuring three phase power; energy meter, power factor meter; VAR measurement, Trivector meter;
Resistance measurement: low resistance (Kelvin double bridge, dc potentiometer), high / insulation resistance (meggar), earth resistance;
emf measurement using dc potentiometer;
AC bridges: Maxwell(two versions), Anderson, Schering and Wien bridge and measurement of L,C and internal r/loss factor;
Extension of range for an instrument to measure voltage and current: voltage divider, shunt, instrument transformers.
Details of CT: working flux, vector diagram, magnitude and phase angle errors and their computations, specific differences for measuring and protection CTs.
Testing of energy meters: phantom loading tests; different types of errors of an energy meter and their remedies;
Electronic & Digital Instruments:
Oscilloscope: construction, working principle, measurement of voltage , time & frequency; Lissajous patterns;
Digital voltmeter, ammeter, frequency meter, resistance meter, energy meter and digital multimeter.
Measurement of non-electrical quantities : Transducers:
Definition and introduction, classification: Active/passive, primary/secondary, etc.; specific transducers: strain gauge, LVDT, thermistor and thermocouple.
Recommended Books:
1.ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT By: Golding & Widdis
2. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques By: Helfrick & Cooper (ISBN: 81-203-1626-6), Pub: Prentice Hall 3.Electronic Instrumentation
By: Kalsi. (ISBN: 0070583706), Pub: TMH
4.INTRODUCTION TO INSTRUMENTATION &CONTROL By: Arun K. Gosh. (ISBN: 81-203-0752-6), Pub: Prentice Hall
4. Electrical Engineering Materials (6-0-0)
1. Crystallography : Crystalline and amorphous solids. Periodic structures – Lattice, Basis , Unit cell. Bravais lattice , Crystal structure and symbols , Millar
Indices Reciprocal lattice.
2. X- ray Crystallography : X- ray diffraction , Bragg,s law , Determination of lattice constant. Atomic form factor, Closest packing of spheres, packing efficiency , crystal defects.
3. Band theory of solids : Kronig – Penny Model, Brillouin Zones. Electronic distinction between conductors , insulators and semiconductors.
4. Dielectric properties of materials : Polarisation and dielectric constant, Frequency and temperature dependence of relative permittivity behaviour of dielectric under alternating fields, dielectric losses.
5. Conductors : Electrical conductivity of metals, Lorentz theory, free electron theory, electron scattering, Resistivities of conductors including alloys.
6. Semiconductors : Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Fermi-Dirac distribution, dependence of carrier concentration on temperature, Measurement of resistivity, Four probe method, Hall effect, measurement of carrier concentration , Zener breakdown phenomenon, Photo-electric effect in semiconductors.
7. Magnetic properties of materials : Diamagnatism, paramagnatism, ferromagnatism. Exchange interaction, antiferromagnatism, ferrimagnetism, and ferrites. Magnetic resonance, Magnetotriction , Curie-Weiss law , Curie law, Curie temperature of ferromagnetic material. Soft and Hard magnetic material . Ni-Fe alloy and applications, Alnic, Alcomax and application.
8. Special materials : Ceramics, polymers , XLPE, nanostructures and nanomaterials Biomaterials and bioceramics.
9. Superconductivity : Superconductivity phenomena, Meissner effect, Type 1 and Type 11 superconductors, High TC Superconductors, Josephson junction. SQUID.
5. Digital Electronics (6-0-2)
Number systems and codes; Boolean algebra, logic gates, tristate logic, Minimization using Karnaugh map. NAND and NOR gate implementation.
Combinational Systems : Combinational Logic Circuit Design, code converters BCD to Seven Segment decoder, full adder, half adder, 4-bit magnitude Comparator, Encoders, Decoders.
Sequential Systems: R-S Latch, Master-Slave and edge/level- triggered flip-flops, conversion design of flip-flops, shift registers, serial and parallel loading
Memory: ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, Introduction to memory organization. Design of the circuits using Decoders, MUX and DEMUX, Design of the circuits using multiplexers, ROM, PAL PLA, HDL and introduction to VHDL Designs.
Design of synchronous counters, Mod-k or Divide-by-k counters, Decade counter, BCD Counter, Ring counters, The Johnson or Twisted-ring counter, Counter Application
Logic families : RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS and CMOS, Calculation of noise margins,
fan in and fan-out.
Reference Books
1. Digital Integrated Electronics - Taub and schilling
2. Microelectronics - Millman
3. Digital concept Using standard ICs – Sandige
4. M. Morris Mano: Digital Design. Third Edition, Prentice Hall 2002.
5. R. J. Tocci. Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 4th Edition. PH,
1988.
5
thSemester
1. Electrical Machine II
(6-2-2)
Synchronous machineConstruction, classification, application
Non salient pole synchronous machine: working principle,emf equation, distribution factor and pitch factor, armature reaction, equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, calculation of synchronous reactance, performance indices, isolated and parallel operation of synchronous generator, power angle characteristics, V-curve , load sharing, starting of synchronous motor, Hunting, Short circuit transient in synchronous machine. Salient pole Synchronous Machine: two reaction theory, Determination of Xd and Xq.
Single Phase Motor:- Classification of single phase motor and theior applications,
single phase induction motor- double revolving field theory, equivalent circuit, torque slip characteristics, performance calculations, single phase synchronous motor, single phase commutator motors.
2. Power System II
(6-2-2)
Unit I
Per unit system: per unit impedance, changing the base of per unit quantities, pu impedances of transformer, alternator, advantages of per unit system
Unit II
Symmetrical fault and Unsymmetrical Faults: Symmetrical components Single line diagram for a balanced system, Analysis of three phase fault, construction of sequence networks under fault conditions (L-G, L-L, and L-L-G).Analyses of unsymmetrical faults using symmetrical components.
Unit III
Load flow analysis: Static load flow equation, system variables, Bus admittance matrix, Bus classification,Gauss seidel, Newton Raphson and fast-decoupled load flow methods, comparison of methods..
Unit IV
Power System transient Stability: Synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus, power angle curve, steady state, transient, swing equation, Equal area, and criteria of stability.
Unit V
Brief ideas about Power System Protection and Circuit Breakers: General requirements of circuit breakers. Different types of circuit breakers, their construction, operating principles
and relative merits and demerits. Fundamental principles of protective relays, their properties and block diagrams.
Reference Books
1. Power System Engineeriong, J Nagrath and D P Kothari, Tata McGraw Hill 2. Power System Analysis and Design, B R Gupta, Wheelers Publishers 3. Electrical Power Systems, Ashfaq Hussain, CBS publishers and distributor 4. Principles of Power System, V K Mehta.
6. Electrical Power System, C. L. Wadhwa
3. Numerical Methods and Analysis(6-2-2)
Unit I: Solution to Algebraic and transcendental equations by Regula-Falsi method,
iteration method, Newton-Raphson method, simultaneous linear Algebraic equations by Gauss-Jordon method, Crout’s method, factorization method, Gauss-Seidel iterative method, determination of eigen values.
Unit II: Numerical differentiation based on interpolation, numerical integration, a general
quadrature formula for equidistant ordinates, the trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s 1/3rd and 3/8th
rules, Weddles rule, Method of undetermined coefficients, extrapolation method.
Unit III: Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations of first order by Euler’s and
Runge –Kutta’s method.
Unit IV: Introduction to interpolation, interpolation with equal intervals, different
interpolation methods (Newton-Gregory forward and backward difference formulae), interpolation with unequal intervals, divided differences and table, Newton’s divided difference formulae, central difference interpolation formulae (Gauss, Stirling, Bessel formulae), piecewise and spline interpolation, (cubic splines) least squares approximations.
5. Control System-I(6-2-2)
Introduction: Control systems, Physical elements of a control system, effects of feedback.
Mathematical Model of Physical Systems: Introduction, Differential equation representation
of physical systems, Transfer function concepts, Block diagram algebra, Signal flow graphs, Mason’s Gain formula
Control System Components: Control system components: Potentiometer, ac & dc
tachogenerator, ac & dc servomotor, amplidyne, synchro, resolver, error detector, remote position control.
Time Response Analysis: Introduction, Standard test signals, Performance indices,
Time response of first and second order systems, steady state error and their minimisation, error coefficients, P, PI and P-I-D type controllers.
Stability Analysis in Time Domain: The concept of stability, Assessment of stability
from pole positions, Necessary conditions for stability, Routh Stability Criterion, Relative stability analysis.
Root Locus Technique : Introduction, The root locus concept, Root locus
construction rules, Root contours, Case studies.
Frequency Response Analysis: Introduction, Performance indices, Frequency
response of second order systems, Polar plots, Bode plots, All pass systems, Minimum-phase and Non-minimum-Minimum-phase systems, Illustrative examples
Stability Analysis in Frequency Domain: Introduction, A brief review of Principle of
Argument, Nyquist stability criterion, Assessment of relative stability – Gain Margin and Phase Margin, Closed loop frequency response, Illustrative examples.
Compensator design in frequency domain: Lead, lag and lag-lead compensation,
Texts/References
1. Kuo B.C. Automatic Control System, PHI
2. Nagrath I J & Gopal M : Control Systems Engineering, New Age International Pub. 3. Ogata K : Modern Control Engg. PHI
4. Dorf R C & Bishop R.H.: Modern Control System ; Addison – Wisley 5. Gopal: Modern Control System Theory, New Age International 6. Gopal: Digital Control Engineering, New Age International
5.
Electromagnetic Field Theory
(6-0-0)
Electrostatic field: Dielectric interface, Laplace and Poisson’s equations, energy & force. Steady currents: continuity equations, Ohm’s law, Joule heating, current flow in materials. Magnetostatic field: Ampere’s circuital law, scalar & vector potentials, Laplace and Poissions equations. Electromagnetic induction: Maxwell’s equations; power flow and Poynting vector. Solutions of field equations in rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinate system; Radiation generation; Propagation of electromagnetic waves; various boundary value problems; Principle of electromagnetic radiation & interaction with matter; Scientific and engineering applications of electromagnetic radiation
6
thSemester
1. Microprocessors and its applications (6-0-2)
Microprocessor Architecture : Address / Data and Control lines, Timing diagrams, Internal registers, Interrupt mechanism (Hardware/Software), DMA mechanism.
Detailed description of a typical Microprocessor - 8085 microprocessor
Assembly Language Programming of 8 bit Microprocessor: Instruction Cycle, Machine Cycle, T states. Instruction set, addressing modes, stack subroutine, interrupt service routines. Example programs in assembly languages.
Interfacing with support chips: Programmable Peripheral Interface (8255), Programmable time/counter (8253), Programmable USART (8251), Programmable Interrupt Controller (8259), DMA Controller (8257), Programmable Keyboard and Display Controller (8279) - signals and timing details along with hardware/software interfacing techniques, ADC/DAC. Applications of Intel 8085
2.Power Electronics
(6-2-2)
MODULE I
General Introduction of Power Electronics, Scope and Application
MODULE II
Power Semiconductor Devices –Power diodes - power transistors - SCRs - Triac - GTO - Power MOSFETs - IGBTs- Principles of operation and characteristics, device specifications and ratings, methods of turning on SCR- gate triggering circuit, methods of turning off SCR- commutation circuits. Protection and gate drive circuits.
MODULE III
Principles of phase angle control - Line frequency phase controlled rectifiers using SCR - single phase and three phase half controlled and fully controlled converters with R and RL and RLE loads and continuous and discontinuous currents.. Input side harmonics and power factor - Effect of source inductance, inverter operations, dual converters.
MODULE IV
DC to AC conversion - single-phase and three phase voltage source inverters -120 degree and 180 degree modes of operations, voltage control and waveform control: PWM strategies, current source inverters: single phase and three phase power circuit configuration and analysis
MODULE V
Thyristor Choppers based on voltage, current and load commutation- Switching regulators - buck regulators - boost regulators - buck-boost regulators - switched mode power supply - principle of operation and analysis - uninterruptible power supply units: basic circuit operation-specifications-design-applications
Single stage AC to AC conversion - AC regulators - single phase ac regulator with R and RL loads - sequence control of ac regulators - cycloconverter - basic principle of operation - AC choppers using self commutating devices
Text/Reference Books:
1. Ned Mohan, Tore M.Undeland, William P Robbins, ‘Power Electronics’, John
Wiley & Sons, Media Enhanced 3rd Edition, 2003.
2. Rashid, Power Electronics, Circuits Devices and Applications, Pearson
Education, 3rd edition, 2004.
3. G.K.Dubey, Thyristorised Power Controllers, Wiley Eastern Ltd, 1993.
4. Dewan & Straughen, Power Semiconductor Circuits, John Wiley & Sons, 1975.
5. Cyril W Lander, Power Electronics, Mc Graw Hill, 3rd edition, 1993.
6. M.D.singh and K.B.Khanchandani, ’Power Electronics’, Tata Mc Graw Hills Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi 2006.
7. P. S. Bhimbra, ‘Power Electronics’, Khanna Publishers
3. Communication Systems (6-0-2)
Analog CommunicationIntroduction to communication systems, signals and spectra, electromagnetic spectrum and its usage, communication channels and propagation characteristics, amplitude modulation and demodulation - spectra, circuits and systems, frequency modulation/demodulation, frequency division multiplexing, radio transmitters and receivers, sampling theory, pulse modulation and demodulation - spectra, circuits & systems, circuit noise, performance of analogue communication systems in AWGN and fading channels.
Digital Communication
Introduction to digital signals and systems, spectra and bandwidth. A-D conversion and quantization. PCM, Log-PCM , DPCM, ADPCM, DM, ADM, and LPC for speech signals, time division multiplexing, digital hierarchy and standards, baseband transmission, data regenerators and clock recovery, inter-symbol interference, equalizers, digital modulation and demodulation - binary and M-ary ASK, FSK, GMSK, PSK, DPSK and their spectra, circuits and systems, carrier recovery, performance of digital modulation systems, elements of information theory and coding.
4.Digital Signal Processing(6-0-2)
Module I
General Introduction, Scope and area of applications of Digital Signal Processing
Module II
Discrete time systems, linear time invariant (LTI) systems and important properties. Fourier Transform and Laplace transform. Z-transform. Signal flow graphs and digital system representation, Spectral characteristics, inverse z transforms.
Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and its properties, Fast Unitary transforms. Introduction to transformation matrices in a general form. Computer exercises
Module IV
Digital filters, FIR and IIR, FIR filters - structure, designs. IIR filters - analog filter design, discretization of analog filter, Computer exercises.
Module V
Multirate signal processing Interpolation and decimation, FIR filter banks
Module VI
Introduction to least square optimization, signal modelling (AR, MA, ARMA). Normal equation and solution strategy. Applications. Computer exercises.
Module VII
DSP Application - Introduction to digital signal processors chips, discussion of either TMS320CXX based or ADSPXXX based system, case study of different DSP applications. Application of filters to analog & digital signal processor, FET spectrum analyzer.
Module VIII
Digital processing of continuous time signals- sampling, anti-aliasing filter, sample and hold process, reconstruction filter, Computer exercises.
Texts/References
1. Alan V . Oppenheim, Ronald W. Schafer, .Discrete-Time Signal Processing., Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1997
2. Sanjit K Mitra, .Digital Signal Processing: A computer-based approach. ,Tata Mc Grow-Hill edition .1998
3. John G. Proakis, and Dimitris G. Manolakis, .Digital Signal Processing.(third edition), Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 1997
4. Emmanuel C. Ifeachor, Barrie W. Jervis , .Digital Signal Processing-A practical Approach., Addison . Wesley,1993
1. Abraham Peled and Bede Liu, .Digital Signal Processing., John Wiley and Sons, 1976
2. Haykin and Van Veen, Signals and Systems, (second edition), John Wiley and sons, Inc.,2003.
3. Oppenheim and Schaffer, ‘Discrete time Signal processing’, PHI, 1992.
4. Ludemann L. C., “Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing”, Harper and Row publications, 1992.
5. Rabiner & Gold, “Theory and applications of Digital signal processing”, PHI, 1992.
6. Hamid A. Toliyat and Steven G. Campbell “DSP Based Electro Mechanical Motion Control” CRC Press New York, 2004.
4. Industrial Instrumentation(6-2-2)
Static and dynamic characteristics of sensors, Resistive, Inductive and Capacitive sensors and signal conditioning circuits. Temperature, pressure, flow and level measurement techniques. pH and conductivity sensors. Piezo-electric and ultrasonic sensors and its application in process and biomedical Instrumentation. Measurement of viscosity, humidity and thermal conductivity, Nucleonic gauges: Sources and Detectors and its application. Interfacing Sensors and actuators using LabVIEW programs. Instrumentation system Design.
7
thSemester
1. Engineering Economics & Costing (6-0-0)
Introduction – Engineering economy and its important, Want activity satisfaction of wants. Resources planning and distribution in economic system – Laissez Faire and socialism. Factors of production and concept of optimum. Laws of return. Demand - Elasticity of demand, demand – estimation, market research, supply and industrial costs. Money – Value of money, quantity theory; inflation and deflection. Neural network and its applications.
Banking - role in commercial banks credit and its importance in industrial financing, sources of finance Reserve bank of India and its functions. Business management and organization, Proprietorship, Partnership and joint stock company – their formation, finance and management. Elements of taxation, insurance, Business combinations. Basic Principals of management.
Industrial record keeping : Double entry system – Journal, lager, trail balance, cash book, preparation of final accounts, trading and profit and lose account and balance sheet. Industrial costs and their classifications – Material cost control, labor cost control and overhead cost control. Depreciation and replacement studies; Financial control ratio analysis and their interpretation for industrial control. Budgetary control.
2. Control System-II(6-2-0)
State Variable Analysis: Concept of state, state variables, state mode transfer
function decomposition, State models of linear continuous-time systems. Controllability & Observability.
Digital Control:
Introduction to Digital Control System, Sampling, Finite Pulse width Sampler, Sampling Spectra and Aliasing. Sampling theorem, Choice of sampling rate. Specifications and Design of Discrete data of Control System.
transform, Pulse transfer function. Transfer function from difference equation. Inverse Z-transform.
Mapping of s-plane into z-plane, Transient response, characteristics of z-plane pole-locations. Damping ratio and natural frequency. Stability of z-plane pole pole-locations. Damping ratio and natural frequency. Stability on z-plane, Jury’s Stability criterion. Digital Compensator design in frequency domain. Lead, lag and lag-lead compensation, Single loop digital controllers. Two term (PI, PD) and three term (PID) Control Algorithm design.Implementation of Digital Controllers.
Solution of State Difference Equations of linear discrete control systems, Evalution of State Transition Matrix using Similarity transformation. Controllability and Observability of discrete data control system.
3. Electrical Machine Design and Power Circuit Design, Estimation &
Costing (6-0-2)
Unit V:
Substation design: -Indoor and outdoor substation, Overhead and underground transmission and distribution, Design of feeder, LT and HT lines, Substation grounding design
Unit VI:
Electrical Materials for electrical machines, Laws of magnetic circuits, air gap calculations, teeth calculations, magnetic circuit of induction motor, permeance, leakage fuse leakage reactance.
Unit VII:
Basic electrical machine design principles, Main dimensions, output equation, Size of the machine, Choice of specific magnetic and electric loading effect of increasing linear dimensions of machine.
Unit VIII:
Transformer design, types of transformers, main parts and its design aspects, output equation, flux density, resistance and reactance of windings, Temperature rise and cooling, optimum design (w.r.t. cost, efficiency),
Unit IX: Three phase and Single phase induction motor design, Unit X : DC machine design ; Synchronous machine design, Unit XI: Design of starters for different types of motor.
Power Circuit Design, Estimation & Costing:
Introduction: - Symbol of electrical components, different types of wiring systems, various types of loads, switches, sockets and other accessories. IE rules.
Unit II:
classification of electrical wirings for residential/domestic, Offices & showrooms and industries
Residential:
Electrical wiring of light and fan circuits, estimation of load, choice of conductor andcalculation of cost; Testing procedure of wiring system (Megger testing, earth testing etc.),
Unit III:
Design consideration of electrical installation: - Electrical supply system, protection, testing of installation, service connection, Different Types of Earthing procedures, Guidelines for installation.
Unit IV:
Electrical installation for residential building, single- multistoried building, commercial building, industries and workshops
Unit V:
Installation and testing of single phase and three phase Induction motor, synchronous motor and transformer. Installation of Diesel Set: -selection, load calculation, specification.
4. Electrical Drives
(6-0-2)
MODULE 1Fundamentals of electric drives - block diagram of an electric drive - parts of electric drives - dynamics of electric drives - torque equations - speed torque conventions - loads with rotational motion - loads with translational motion - components of load torque - load equalization - control of electrical drives - closed loop control - current limit control - speed sensing - current sensing - phase locked loop speed control
MODULE 2
Dc motor drives - constant torque and constant power control - single phase controlled rectifiers with motor loads - fully controlled and half controlled rectifier fed dc drives - continuous and discontinuous operation - Four quadrant operation - three phase controlled rectifier fed dc drives - dual converter fed control - chopper fed dc drives - closed loop speed control schemes - solar and battery powered drives - braking of dc drives
MODULE 3
Three phase induction motor drives - AC voltage controlled drives - variable frequency control - VSI fed induction motor drive - operation with field weakening - CSI controlled induction motor drives - slip power recovery scheme - rotor resistance control - single phase induction motor drives - PWM drives
MODULE 4
Synchronous motor and brushless dc motor drives. Operation from fixed frequency supply- variable frequency control - VSI and CSI fed drives- self-controlled synchronous motor drives employing cycloconverter - brushless dc motor drives for servo applications Electric Traction Drives
Text /Reference books
1. Ned Mohan et al, Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and Design, John Wiley & Sons. Inc., 2nd Edition, 1995.
2. G.K Dubey, Fundamentals of electric Drives., 2nd Edition, Narosa Publishing
Company, 1994/1995 .
3. S.K.Pillai, Electric Drives, University Press India, 1993
4. William and Hulley, Power Electronic devices and motor control, 2nd Edition, 1995.
5. Werner Leonhard, Control of electrical drives, Springer, 1995.
6. P.C Sen, ‘Thyristor DC Drives’, John wiely and sons, New York, 1981.
7. R.Krishnan, ‘Electric Motor Drives – Modeling, Analysis and Control’, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
8. Bimal K.Bose, ‘Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives’, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
5. Elective-I (6-0/2-2/0)
6. Project(0-0-4)
8
thSemester
1. High Voltage Engineering (6-0-2)
Breakdown Phenomenon:- Breakdown in gases - Mechanism of breakdown in gases,
Townsend’s Ionization Coefficients, Paschen’s Law, Time lags for breakdown, Streamer breakdown theory. Breakdown in liquids - suspended solid particle mechanism, Cavitation and bubble mechanism, Stressed Oil volume mechanism, etc. Breakdown in solids - Intrinsic breakdown, Electromechanical breakdown, breakdown of solid dielectrics in practice, Chemical and Electrochemical deterioration and breakdown, breakdown due to treeing and tracking, breakdown due to internal discharges.
Overvoltage Phenomenon, Protection & Insulation Coordination: – Natural causes for
overvoltage - lightning phenomenon, over voltage due to switching surges and due to arching ground. Line design based on lightning. Basic idea about protection against overvoltage - lightning arresters, surge absorbers, Ground wire, grounding practices etc. BIL, SIL of the equipments, V-T curve, Concepts of Insulation coordination.
Generation of High AC & DC voltage: – High AC voltage generation - Testing
transformer and its cascaded connections. Single phase resonant circuits. High DC voltage generation - Single stage and Multi stage voltage multiplier circuits.
Impulse Voltage and Current generation:- Introduction to impulse current and voltage,
Impulse generator circuits, analysis of circuit “a” and “b”. Multistage impulse generator circuits, triggering and synchronisation of impulse generator with CRO. Impulse current generator circuits and its analysis.
Measurement of High Voltage and Current :- Electrostatic voltmeter, Chubb and
Fortescue method of measuring peak value of a.c., Sphere gap method, Rod gap method of measuring High Voltage, Impulse voltage measurement using potential dividers, Impulse Voltage and current measurement using CRO.
High Voltage Testing :- Testing of overhead line insulators, Bushing, Power transformer,
Circuit breakers etc. Loss in dielectric, measurement of resistivity, dielectric constant and loss factor. Testing of transformer oil, High voltage Schering bridge, Wagner earthing technique, Concept of partial discharge.
High Voltage Laboratory Layout :– Layout of High Voltage lab, Laboratory
experimental stands, Safety measures, Shielding, Grounding, Fencing etc. Testing facilities provided in High Voltage Laboratory. Classification of high voltage laboratory.
Reference Books
:-(a) High Voltage Engineering C. L. Wadhwa
(b) High Voltage Engineering M.S Naidu & V Kamaraju
(c) High Voltage Engineering Fundamentals E. Kuffel & W. S.
Zaengl
2. Elective-II(6-0/2-2/0)
3. Elective-III(6-0/2-2/0)
4.
Industrial Management(6-0-0)
Introduction to management, evolution of scientific management, modern management. Principles. Elements of management;. Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, budgeting.
Core concepts of marketing. need, want, demand, product, value, satisfaction, marketing mix- product, price, place, promotion.
Financial management, objectives, scope, techniques of investment analysis, pay back period, accounting rate of return, working capital, cost of capital. Sources of financing.
Technology management. Product design . Types of production system. Plant location-factors to be considered. Plant layout. Types of layout. Inventory management.
Significance of HRM. HR planning job evaluation. Recruitment and selection. Placement and induction. Training. Performance appraisal. Compensation. Industrial relations.
Microeconomics. Demand and supply. Forecasting techniques. Cost and revenues.Competitive nature of firms.
Keynesian economics. Aggregate demand and supply. Employment determination. National income. Trade cycle. Inflation. Index numbers.
Capital budgeting. Cash flow analysis. Balance sheet. Risk analysis and decision making. Impact of liberalization, privatization and globalization. Locating the firm in a global economy. Fiscal policy. Taxation-principles. Exchange rate determination. Monetary policy. Functions of banks. Credit creation by commercial banks.
References:-1. L.M.Prasad, Priciples and Practice of Management, S.Chand & Sons. 2. P.Kotler, Marketing Management (12/e), Pearson, 2005
3. P.Chandra, Financial Management Theory and Practice (3/e), TMH, 2004 4. K.Ashwathappa, Human Resources and Personnel Management (3/e),TMH, 2005 5. E.S.Buffa & R.K.Sarin, Modern Production/Operation Management (8/e), Wiley, 1994. 6. M.Adhikari, Business Economics, Excel Books, 2004
7. S.K.Misra &V.K.Puri, Economic Environment of Business, HPH, 2003
5. Grand Viva(4)
6. Project (0-0-8)
LIST OF ELECTIVES
1.
Dynamics of Electrical Machines (6-0-2)
Basic concept-Energy balance principle, Analogy between mechanical and electrical systems, Active and Passive Load torque. Review of torque-speed characteristics of different types of motor, factors affecting the study of machine’s dynamics. General drive equation, single excitation and double excitation system & their comparison.
DC m/c dynamics: current and speed expression during starting, role of starter in dynamics of starting, expression for current & speed, expression during dynamic and braking & computation of braking time, dynamics of counter current braking & speed expression. Dynamics of series motor starting. Dynamics of DC Drives controlled by Thyristors.
Induction machine dynamics: Dynamics of starting of Induction Motor, Dynamics of braking of Induction Motor, computation of braking time, energy loss during dynamic operating condition, procedure for reducing energy loss during transient process. Reactive power consideration in Induction Motor operation & stability.
Synchronous motor:- review of power equation & p-s relationship, dynamic condition in alternator following load change, oscillation under dynamic disturbances(Generator mode), pulling in phenomenon.
2.
Generalized Theory of Electrical Machines (6-0-2)
Introduction to generalized theory: - Elementary energy converter of Gibbs and Adkins – assumption of transformation from 3-phase to 2-phase flux linkage, inductance matrix, Voltage-current relationship.
d-q transformation of park, geometrical interpretation, d-q transformation of Voltage-current relationship, torque equation, motional impedance matrix, application to synchronous machines Voltage-current relationship.
Application to Induction Machine :- voltage-current relationship, dynamic equation, stability of load, general stability of Induction Machine.
Application to DC Machine:- Voltage-current relationship, short circuit study of DC generator (Separately excited), short circuit study of shunt generator, stability of DC Machines.
3. Special Machines
(6-2-0)
Transformer: Three winding transformer; unbalanced operation of three phase transformer; Switching-in transients and mechanical forces.
Electromechanical energy conversion: Field energy- energy and co-energy; Torque/force in a singly excited and multiple excited electromechanical systems and applications.
D.C machines: Flux and mmf waves; Commutation; Ward Leonard method; Braking; Parallel operation of generators; Dynamic equations, block diagrams and transfer functions. Induction machines: Deep-bar and double-cage construction; Machine equations in stationary reference frame (d-q axis model) dynamic and steady state performance.
Synchronous machines: Winding inductances; Machine equations in rotor reference frame (d-q axis model) ; Sudden three phase short circuit and transient circuit model; Steady state operation; Synchronous machine dynamics.
Special machines: Stepper motor, Switched reluctance motor and Brushless DC motors
4. Power Plant Engineering (6-2-0)
UNIT – I
Introduction to the Sources of Energy – Resources and Development of Power in India. STEAM POWER PLANT : Plant Layout, Working of different Circuits, Fuel and handling equipments,
types of coals, coal handling, choice of handling equipment, coal storage, Ash handling systems. UNIT II
STEAM POWER PLANT : COMBUSTION PROCESS : Properties of coal – overfeed and underfeed
fuel beds, traveling grate stokers, spreader stokers, retort stokers, pulverized fuel burning system and its
components, combustion needs and draught system, cyclone furnace, design and construction, Dust collectors, cooling towers and heat rejection. Corrosion and feed water treatment.
UNIT – III
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PLANT : DIESEL POWER PLANT: Introduction – IC Engines,
types, construction– Plant layout with auxiliaries – fuel supply system, air starting equipment, lubrication
and cooling system – super charging. UNIT IV
GAS TURBINE PLANT : Introduction – classification - construction – Layout with auxiliaries – Principles
of working of closed and open cycle gas turbines. Combined Cycle Power Plants and comparision. UNIT – V
HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT: Water power – Hydrological cycle / flow measurement – drainage
area characteristics – Hydrographs – storage and Pondage – classification of dams and spill ways. HYDRO PROJECTS AND PLANT: Classification – Typical layouts – plant auxiliaries – plant operation
pumped storage plants. UNIT VI
POWER FROM NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES: Utilization of Solar- Collectors- Principle of Working, Wind Energy – types – HAWT, VAWT -Tidal Energy.
DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION: Solar energy, Fuel cells, Thermo electric and Thermo ionic, MHD
generation. UNIT – VII
NUCLEAR POWER STATION : Nuclear fuel – breeding and fertile materials – Nuclear reactor – reactor operation.
TYPES OF REACTORS: Pressurized water reactor, Boiling water reactor, sodium-graphite reactor, fast
Breeder Reactor, Homogeneous Reactor, Gas cooled Reactor, Radiation hazards and shielding – radioactive waste disposal.
UNIT – VIII
POWER PLANT ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: Capital cost, investment
of fixed charges, operating costs, general arrangement of power distribution, Load curves, load duration
curve.
5.
Advanced Power systems (6-0-2)
Static & Digital Relaying: Generalized approach for two input and multi input comparators, derivation of inputs for different types of static distance protection, hard- ware for static relays, concept of digital relaying, derivation of fundamental component of voltage and current for digital protection. HVDC Operation and control : CIA. CC and CEA control. Determination of stable operating point. Introduction to FACTS – Brief description of various FACTS devices and their principle of operation, role of FACTS in active and reactive power control. Harmonics in Power Systems – Different sources of harmonics, effects of harmonics on Power System performance and power quality. Computer aided operation and control of Power Systems--- Concept of Energy Control Center, introduction to SCADA and Security monitoring.
6. Dynamics of Power system (6-2-0)
Basic Ideas Modeling of Synchronous machines, excitation systems and Governors- Steady state, Dynamic and Transient stability. State space formulation of single and multi-machine models with control equipments. Damping effects of FACTS devices. SSR.
Application of numerical techniques to multi-machine dynamic and transient stability studies.
Generation/Frequency Characteristics and load frequency characteristics, tie-line bias control, Automatic Generation Control, Alert and emergency system operation control. Control of reactive power flow: AVR, OLTC Transformers, FACTS, Static var compensators, system loss minimization.
7.
Process Control & Instrumentation (6-0-2)
Concept of Processes and Units: Process statics, mass and enthalpy balance. Modeling of process dynamics. Process Control terminology. Process Instrumentation diagrams. Modeling of Chemical processes. Single loop control of standard first order process plants. Controller Implementation : Electronic Analog, Digital, Pneumatic Controllers. P, P-I, P-D, P-I-D control, Controller tuning, Ziegler-Nichlol's method, Frequency domain design. Feed-forward control, Ratio Control, Multi-loop and Cascade control, Interaction and decoupling Non-linear effects in plants and controllers. Simulation of process control systems. Boiler Drum Level Control. Discrete Controllers: Selection of sampling intervals, stability analysis
Concepts of Modulating and Sequential Control. Structure of Modulating Control loops. Self-tuning and Multifunction Controllers, Control Valves. Process Actuators: Electrical, Pneumatic, Hydraulic, Valve positioners. Industrial Instrumentation Systems: Components, structure, specification. Self tuning and Adaptive controllers.
Supervisory control : Objectives and Implementation.
8. Digital Image Processing (6-0-2)
Introduction: Digital image, steps of digital image processing systems, elements of visual perception, connectivity and relations between pixels.
Simple operations - arithmetic, logical, geometric operations.
Mathematical preliminaries- 2D LTI systems, 2D convolution, correlation, 2D random sequence, 2D spectrum.
Image Transforms: 2D orthogonal and unitary transforms- properties and examples. 2D DFT, FFT, DCT, Hadamard transform, Haar Transform, Slant transform, KL Transform- properties and examples.
Image Enhancement: point processing, spatial filtering-in space and frequency, Nonlinear filtering, Color image processing fundamentals.
Image Restoration: Image observation and degradation model, circulant and block circulant matrices and its application in degradation model, Algebraic approach to
restoration, Inverse by Wiener filtering,Generalized inverse- SVD and iterative methods, blind deconvolution, imagereconstruction from projections.
Image compression: redundancy and compression models loss less and lossy.
Loss less- variable-length, Huffman, Arithmetic coding, bit-plane coding, Loss less predictive coding, lossy Transform (DCT) based coding, JPEG standard, sub band coding.
Image segmentation: Edge detection, line detection, curve detection, Edge linking and boundary extraction, boundary representation, region representation and segmentation, morphology-dilation, erosion, opening and closing.
Image understanding and recognition: Matching by templates, classifiers-models, statistical, neural network based, matching shapes by contour and texture.
Applications: Automatic visual system in part inspection, forensic and security system, entertainment- multimedia, scientific and medical investigation
9.Opto-electronics Based Instrumentation (6-0-2)
Introduction to Electromagnetic field theory, Ray and wave optics, Polarization and Isotropic and anisotropic media. Opto electronic devices: Sources-LED, Laser, Laser diode, Broadband calibration sources, Detectors-Photodiode-P-N, P-I-N, Photo multiplier tubes and APD, Broadband thermal detector; Modulators-Intensity, Polarization, Phase, Read out schemes for modulation-Polarimeter, interferometer. Transportation media: Waveguide theory-Slab wave guide, scalar wave equation. Optical fibre as a cylindrical waveguide, Optical fibre Characteristics- Absorption and dispersion; fibre-optic polarizer, attenuator, coupler and polarization splitter.
Optoelectronic sensors and system- Sensor as a modulator, bulk modulator, fibre-optic modulator. Sensing Principles-Electrooptic and magneto-optic (polarimetric and Interferrometric), magnetostriction based sensors, Distributed fibre-optic sensors-OTDR and OFDR principles in temperature measurement, Fibre -Optic Gyro. Holographic measurement and its biomedical applications. Optoelectronic integrated circuit and Integrated optic sensor.
10. Biomedical Instrumentations(6-0-2)
Introduction to the physiology of cardiac, nervous & muscular and respiratory systems. Transducers and Electrodes: Different types of transducers & their selection for biomedical applications. Electrode theory, selection criteria of electrodes & different types of electrodes such as Hydrogen Calomel, Ag- AgCl, pH, etc
Cardiovascular measurement: The heart & the other cardiovascular systems. Measurement of Blood pressure, Blood flow, Cardiac output and cardiac rate. Electrocardiography, phonocardiography, Ballistocardiography, Plethysmography, Magnet- cardiography. Cardiac pacemaker & computer applications.
Respiratory System Measurement: Respiratory Mechanism, Measurement of gas volumes & flow rate. Carbon dioxide and Oxygen concentration in inhaled air. Respiratory controllers.
Measurement of Electrical Activities in Muscles and Brain: Electroencephalograph, Electromyograph & their interpretation.
Opthalmic measurement: EOG, ERG, Introduction to Eyesight correction by laser surgery. Instrumentation for clinical laboratory: Measurement of pH value of Blood, ESR measurements, Haemoglobin measurements, Oxygen & carbon dioxide concentration in Blood. GSR measurements, polarographic measurements. Computer applications.
Medical Imaging: Ultra sound imaging, Radiography & applications, Introduction to MRI. Biotelemetry: Transmission & receiption aspects of Biological signals. Aspects of patient care monitoring.
11. Analytical Instrumentation (6-0-2)
Principles of statistical error analysis; Gas analysis: Gas Chromatograph, Thermal conductivity method, heat of reaction method, Estimation of oxygen, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide etc. in binary or complex gas mixture; Nucleonic Instrumentation; Ultrasonic techniques; Mass Spectrometer, I.R. and U.V. spectroscopy, X-ray Spectroscopy; NMR, ESCA techniques.
12. Power System Instrumentation (6-2-0)
General scope of instrumentation in power systems. Electrical instruments and meters.
Telemetry. Data transmission channels-pilots, PLCC, Microwave links. Interference effect. Automatic meter reading and billing.
Simulators.
SCADA and operating systems. Data loggers and data display system. Remote control instrumentation. Disturbance recorders. Area and Central Control station instrumentation. Frontiers of future power system instrumentation including microprocessor based systems. Application of digital computers for data processing and on-line system control.
13. VLSI Technology (6-0-2)
Issues of digital IC design: general overview of design hierarchy, layers of abstraction, integration density and Moore’s law, VLSI design styles, packaging styles, design automation principles; MOSFET fabrication: basic steps of fabrication, CMOS p-well and nwell processes, layout design rules, Bi-CMOS fabrication process; basic electrical properties of MOS and Bi-CMOS circuits: MOS transistor operation in linear and saturated regions, MOS transistor threshold voltage, MOS switch and inverter, Bi-CMOS inverter, latch-up in CMOS inverter, inverter properties (robustness, dynamic performance, regenerative property, inverter delay times, switching power dissipation), MOSFET scaling (constant-voltage and constant-field scaling); logic design with MOSFETs: switch logic (networks derived from canonical form and Shannon expansion theorem, Universal Logic Modules, networks derived from iterative structures), gate restoring) logic, Programmable Logic Array (PLAs), Finite State Machine (FSM) as a PLA, personality matrix of a PLA, PLA folding, pseudo-nmos logic; basic circuit concepts: Sheet resistance and area capacitances of layers, driving large capacitive loads, super-buffers, propagation delay models of cascaded pass transistors, wiring capacitances; dynamic CMOS design: steady-state behavior of dynamic gate circuits, noise considerations in dynamic design, charge sharing, cascading dynamic gates, domino logic,
np-CMOS logic, problems in single-phase clocking, two-phase non-overlapping clocking scheme; low-power CMOS logic circuits: low-low-power design through voltage scaling, estimation and optimization of switching activity, reduction of switched capacitance, adiabatic logic circuits; subsystem design: design of arithmetic building blocks like adders (static, dynamic, Manchester carry-chain, look-ahead, linear and square-root carry-select, carry bypass and pipelined adders) and multipliers (serialparallel, Braun, Baugh-Wooley and systolic array multipliers), barrel and logarithmic shifters, area-time tradeoff, power consumption issues; semiconductor memories: dynamic random access memories (DRAM), static RAM, non-volatile memories, flash memories; bipolar ECL inverter: Features of ECL gate, robustness and noise immunity, logic design in ECL, single-ended and differential ECL; physical design: rief ideas on partitioning, placement, routing and compaction, Kernighan-Lin and Fiduccia-Mattheyses partitioning algorithms, area routing and channel routing algorithms; testability of VLSI: Fault types and models, stuck-at fault models, scanbased
techniques, Built-in Self-test (BIST) techniques, Boolean differences, PLA testability; laboratory: Specifying the design of digital circuits including moderately complex computer, traffic light controller, divider, multiplier, Fibonacci sequence generator etc. in Verilog or VHDL language and simulating the same under ModelSim simulator
14.
Opto-electronics and Integrated Optics (6-0-2)
Characteristics of optical radiation; LED, Heterojunction LED; Photodiode, PIN diode, APD, phototransistor etc.; CCD; Opto-couplers and their applications in Analog and Digital Devices. Optical fiber fundamentals, modes in fiber, step index and graded index fibers; fiber coupling, fiber optic sensors: modulation techniques,displacement, pressure, acceleration, flow, current, voltage etc. Interferometers, Optical signal processing. Characteristics of Laser radiation; Structure of gas and solid state Lasers; Pulse mode Lasers, Semiconductor Lasers; Holographic data systems, Memories and read out; Optical data processing fundamentals
15. Embedded systems (6-0-2)
Introduction to issues in embedded system Design using microcontrollers
Microcontroller architecture, memory interfacing serial and parallel I/O interfacing, analog interfacing, interrupt synchronization.
Embedded software.
16.
Advances Microprocessor & Microcontroller (6-0-2)
Typical CPU architectures for Embedded systems Microprocessors, Memory interfacing and management, Memory technologies, IO devices,IO techniques, DMA, Interrupt handling, Data transfer techniques and protocols, AD, DA, Watchdog circuit etc. Language issues, Addressing modes, Instruction set support for application programming and operating systems. Assembly level programming environments. Other programmable devices, PAL, PLA, FPGA etc.
Programmable & digital systems modeling, Specification, design, Verification & testing issues. Behavioral modeling, Modeling languages, Design of finite state systems, Concurrent processes, Logic level & timing modeling, Synthesis with device libraries, Techniques for design verification at various design levels. Introduction to software tools, Design issues for PC boards. Layout and routing. Testing of Embedded systems. Embedded systems design case studies.
