Random Student Drug Testing Deterrence & Intervention

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M A T T H E W K F R A N Z

S P O R T S A F E T E S T I N G S E R V I C E , I N C .

Random Student Drug Testing

Deterrence & Intervention

ASAP-NJ Conference 2014

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Goals for Today

 Discuss the importance of prevention  Discuss the concept of a deterrent

 Discuss various intervention methods

 Discuss the basic steps to building a program  Q&A

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Prevention

 Consider the drug war more a matter of economics

 Supply Vs. Demand

 In 2013, ONDCP spent 15 Billion on Supply

Reduction

 In 2013 ONDCP spent 9 Billion on Demand

Reduction

 Of that 9 Billion, only 1 Billion was spent on prevention, the

rest on treatment.

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Prevention

 Downstream benefits of prevention

 Social Cost Savings

 A 2008 publication found that effective school-based

prevention programs could save $18 for every $1 spent by:

 Reduced costs of substance abuse related medical care

 Reduced effect of lost productivity over their lifespan

 Preserved quality of life

 State and local government savings on educational costs

 Reduction in crime and/or consequences of crime

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Deterrence

 Deterrence - noun \di-ˈtər-ən(t)s, -ˈter-; -ˈtə-rən(t)s,

-ˈte-; dē-\ : the act of making someone decide not to do something : the act of preventing a particular act or behavior from happening

 : the act or process of deterring: as the inhibition of

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Deterrence

 Deterrence is the perception of risk

 Modifying behavior due to the possibility of

intervention

 Danger to Health

 Parental Punishment

 School Punishment

 Social Consequences

 Criminal Consequences

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Risk Perception since ‘93 Risk perception as we age 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

1993 2000 2007 2013

8th grade 10th Grade 12th Grade 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 8th

Grade Grade10th Grade12th

1993 2000 2007 2013

Deterrence

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What

Happened??

Internet

Social Media

Reality TV

Text Messaging

Two Parents Working

Medical Marijuana

Legalizing Marijuana

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

1993 2000 2007 2013

8th grade

10th Grade

12th Grade

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12

th

_{Grader Use vs. Perceived Risk}

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

1991 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09 11 13

Daily Use Perceived Risk -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 Perc ei ved R isk (Perc ent ) Da ily U se (Perc ent )

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Deterrence



Did you know?

 The level of THC in marijuana has gone from 3.75% in

1995 to an average of 15% in today’s marijuana cigarettes.

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Deterrence

 How can we raise the perception of risk?

 Increased awareness and education  Student led prevention campaigns

 Coordinate with local law enforcement  In house speakers and presentation

 Detailed studies and surveys  Parent forums

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Deterrence

 What components of a drug testing program effect

the strength of the deterrent?

 Diversity of the pool group

 Athletes

 Extra-Curricular Activities  Parking Permits

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Deterrence

 Random Selection Percentage vs Testing Times

 Pool Group Size  # of Testing Times

 Likelihood of Being Selected  Testing Days/Times

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Positive Rate Vs. Random Rate

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

164% 119% 99% 82% 81% 58% 40% 33% 29% 19%

Positive

Ra

te

(%

)

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Deterrence

 Testing Methodologies

 Urine, Hair, Saliva  Window of Detection  Available Testing Panels  Turnaround Time

 Quantitative Results  Follow-up Testing

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Deterrence

 Consequences

 Measured Response  The 3 Strike Rule

 Removal from Activity  Meeting with a Counselor  Follow-up Testing

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Intervention

 _{Intervention -} _Noun_\_ˌ_in-t_ə_r-_ˈ_ven_ˈ_{tion\ : the act of}

coming between two times or events

 _{: to become involved in something (such as a conflict)}

in order to have an influence on what happens

 _{Early intervention is the key to disrupting the Stages}

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Intervention

 The 4 Stages of Addiction

 Experimental

 Drug/Alcohol use happens out of curiosity or peer pressure

 Recreational

 Drug/Alcohol use happens on weekends with certain friends.

 Early Dependency

 Regular use turns to abuse. Daily preoccupation to find drugs.

 Full Dependency

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Intervention

 How are you currently handling drug and alcohol

violations?

 How are positive drug tests viewed in terms of

consequences

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Intervention

 What other things can we do after a violation

 Removal from the activity  Follow-up Testing

 Community Service

 Rewards system for negative tests

 Coordinate with local vendors

 Participation in Parent or Student Support Groups  Participation in an outside treatment program

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Intervention

 Beware of too many hoops!

 Participation is still voluntary

 What to do if students choose to quit rather than get

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Building a Program

 Initial guidance from School Administration  Build a committee

 Be diverse. Include as many people as possible.

 Create a statement of need and purpose  Who is going to be included

 Athletes

 Extracurriculars  Parking Permits

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Building a Program

 Review the procedures

 Database management  Random selection

 Collection process  Testing Methodology

 Collect your own samples?  GC/MS Confirmation

 Medical Review Officer

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Building a Program

 Legal Review

 Review Local and State Administrative Codes  Review the steps to insure confidentiality

 Is this policy consistent between current policy and

handbook?

 Create a consent form

 Parent Forum

 Give them a chance to learn about the program

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Conclusion

 Kids need to hear clear and consistent messages

about the behaviors we expect.

 Drug testing gives kids a reason to say “No,” while

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