WWII_PPT-Short-Basic.ppt

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The Ineffectiveness of The Ineffectiveness of

the League of Nations the League of Nations

• No control of major conflicts.

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The “Stab-In-The-Back” The “Stab-In-The-Back”

Theory Theory

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1929: The Great 1929: The Great

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Japan Invades

Manchuria, 1931

• Emperor Hirohito

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Japan Invades Japan Invades Manchuria, 1931 Manchuria, 1931 What do these papers refer to? Wha

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1937: The Japanese 1937: The Japanese

Invasion Invasion

of China of China

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Italy Attacks Ethiopia, Italy Attacks Ethiopia,

1935 1935

• Emperor Haile Selassie appealed to League

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Germany Invades the Germany Invades the

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Germany Invades the Germany Invades the

Rhineland Rhineland

March 7, 1936 March 7, 1936

• GB urges appeasement

– Appeasement-giving in to avoid conflict

TURNING POINT TOWARD WAR

1.Strengthened Hitler’s power in Germany 2.Shifted power in Germany’s favor

France & Belgium were open to attack 3.Weak response encourage Hitler to

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Rome-Berlin

Rome-Berlin Axis_Axis, _, 1936

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Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Rome-Berlin-Tokyo

Axis

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The National Front [Nationalists] The National Front [Nationalists] The Popular Front [Republicans] The Popular Front [Republicans]

The Spanish Civil War: The Spanish Civil War:

1936 - 1939

• Fascists – Led by

Francisco Franco

– Aided by Hitler & Mussolini

• Liberals & Socialists

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A

Dress

Rehea

rsal

for

WWII

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The Austrian The Austrian

Anschluss

Anschluss, 1938_{, 1938}

• Anschluss-union btw Ger. & Aust.

– Prohibited by Versailles

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The “Problem” of the The “Problem” of the

Sudetenland Sudetenland

• 1938-Hitler demanded

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Now we have “peace in our time!”

British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain

The Munich The Munich

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The Munich

Conference

• Sept 29, 1938-Germany, France, GB & Italy met in Munich, Germany

– Neville Chamberlain (GB PM) felt he could preserve peace through appeasement

AGREEMENT

• Hitler-

– Gets Sudetenland

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Winston Churchill’s

Take on the Munich

Agreement

Agreement“We are in the presence of a disaster of the first magnitude… we have sustained a defeat

without a war…And do not suppose that this is the end… This is only the first sip, the

first taste of a bitter cup which will be proffered to us year by year unless, by a supreme

recovery of moral health a martial vigor, we arise again and take our stand for freedom as in the olden time”

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Who was right? Who was right?

• _{Less than}

6mos after Munich,

Czechoslov akia

became

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The Nazi-Soviet The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, Non-Aggression Pact, 1939 1939

• GB & France asked USSR to help • While negotiating w/GB & France,

Stalin also bargained w/ Hitler

– August 23rd 1939- Non-Aggression Pact

– Neither would attack the other for 10 yrs – Divide Poland

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Poland Attacked: Poland Attacked:

Sept. 1, 1939

Sept. 1, 1939_• _Blitzkrieg_/

“Lightning War” – Fast-moving planes & tanks followed by infantry

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Miracle at Dunkirk Miracle at Dunkirk

• May 1940-Ger. Trapped troops in northern FR • May 26-June 4-

GB sends

rescue boats to carry 338000 soldiers to

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France Surrenders France Surrenders

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Now Britain Is All Now Britain Is All

Alone! Alone!

• Winston Churchill- new GB Prime Minister

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Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain: The

“

“Blitz_Blitz”_”

• Summer 1940-Ger. began

bombing GB

• RAF aided by:

– Radar

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• Ger. began night bombings

– Used subways as bomb shelters

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Operation Barbarossa: Operation Barbarossa:

Hitler Lied Hitler Lied

What was stipulation concerning

attacks between Germany and the

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Operation Barbarossa: Operation Barbarossa:

June 22, 1941

• USSR retreated scorched-earth policy

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“

“General Winter to _{General Winter to}

the Rescue”

• Oct 1941-Hitler turned to Moscow

– Reached capital by Dec.

• Dug in until March

– Gained nothing – Cost ~500,000

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Battle of Stalingrad: Battle of Stalingrad:

Winter of 1942-1943

• August 23rd,

1942-Luftwaffe began bombing Stalingrad • November 19th,

1942-Soviets counterattack

– Leaves Germans trapped

• February 2nd,

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US Policies Before

Entering the War

•Started out

neutral



Why?

•“Cash and Carry” &

Lend-Lease Act

• _Great_Great

Britain...$31

billion

billion • _Soviet_Soviet

Union...$11

billion

• France..._France...

....$3 billion

• _China..._China...

...$1.5 billion

• _{Other European...}_{Other European...}

$500 million

• _{South America...}_{South America...}

$400 million

The amount totaled: The amount totaled:

$48,601,365,000

Do the actions

of the US under

the Lend-Lease

Act reflect

those of a

neutral nation?

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Japan ‘s Planned Japan ‘s Planned

Attack Attack

• Planned massive attack on US fleet in Hawaii

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A date which will live in

infamy!

Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7,

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President Roosevelt President Roosevelt

Signs the US Signs the US

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2,887 Americans Dead!

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Pearl Harbor from the

Cockpit of a Japanese

Pilot

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Kamikaze Attack

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Allies Strike Back

Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle:

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Battle of Midway Battle of Midway

Island: Island:

June 4-6, 1942

June 4-6, 1942_{• Destroyed}

332 Japanese planes, 4 aircraft carriers & one support ship

• Turning point of war in

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Battle of Midway Battle of Midway

Island: Island:

June 4-6, 1942

Do you Do you recognize recognize the the cartoonist?

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Allied

Counter-Offensive:

Offensive:

“Island-Hopping”

• Developed by General Douglas MacArthur

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US Marines on Mt. US Marines on Mt.

Surbachi, Surbachi, Iwo Jima

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D-Day (June 6, 1944)

• Largest land & sea attack in history

• GB, Am, French & Canandian

troops landed on 60 mile

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D Day: Normandy

Landing

• By

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The Battle of the

Bulge

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Mussolini

Assassinated:

April 27, 1945

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The Führer’s Bunker

Cyanide & Pistols

Mr. & Mrs. Hitler

Hitler Commits Suicide

April 30, 1945

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The Holocaust Begins

• Nuremburg

Laws-deprived Jews of German citizenship; outlaws

intermarriage; ltd jobs • Kristallnacht/ “Night of

Broken Glass”

– Nov 9 1938-Night of Nazi attacks on Jewish

communities

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The “Final Solution”

• Genocide against Roma (gypsies), Poles,

Russians, homosexuals, the insane, disabled, the incurable ill & especially Jews

– Used:

• Concentration camps-work camps

• Extermination camps-camps where ppl were taken to die

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Horrors

of the of the

Holocaust Exposed

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Never shall I forget the little faces of the children, whose bodies I saw

turned into wreaths of smoke beneath a silent blue sky. Never

shall I forget those flames which consumed my faith forever…Never shall I forget those moments which murdered my God and my soul turn

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The Decimation of the

Jewish Population

Jewish Population_Original

Jewish Population

Jews Killed Percent Surviving

Poland 3,300,000 2,800,000 15% German

Occupied USSR

2,100,000 1,500,000 29%

Hungary 404,000 200,000 49%

Romania 850,000 425,000 50%

Germany/

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Hiroshima – August 6, Hiroshima – August 6,

1945

1945_{• 70,000 killed}

immediately

• 48,000 buildings destroyed

• 100,000s died of radiation

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The Beginning of the The Beginning of the

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Nagasaki – August 9, Nagasaki – August 9,

1945 1945

• 40,000 killed immediately • 60,000 injured • 100,000s died of

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The Atomic Bomb

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Japanese A-Bomb Japanese A-Bomb

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V-J Day : September 2, V-J Day : September 2,

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V-J Day in Times V-J Day in Times

Square,