First Semester Study guide
NOT = NOT ON TEST
Chapter 4 study Guide
1. Where and when did the Industrial revolution begin? 1700’s England
2. Where do most immigrants come from? NOT
3. Why was Horatio Alger’s book Ragged Dick so important? What message was it sending to Europeans?
Because it showed that in America anyone can go from poverty to riches if they work hard.
4. Why was the Bessemer process so important? made it easier to purify iron making a strong lightweight steel
5. Explain Horizontal and Vertical integration.
Horizontal= you buy up all the companies like yours
Vertical = you buy up all the businesses you need to run your company
6. What was the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Commission? To monitor Railroads
7. Who was Andrew Carnegie and what did he do? NOT
8. What group made up the large percent of workers in factories? Women
9. What are sweatshops? Areas where workers had no air and little lighting
10. Explain the concept of the “Company town”. Focus on both the good and bad parts of this idea. NOT 11. Why were labor unions formed? To help with collective bargaining
12. What is collective bargaining?NOT
13. Why were people afraid of Socialism? It called for public not private control of business
14. Who founded the AFL? What were the goals of the AFL? Samuel Gompers, increase wages, better working hours, better working conditions,
15. Describe each of the following strikes – Haymarket it destroyed the Knights of Labor because they became associated with anarchists.
Chapter 5 study guide Vocab:
1. Steerage: this is how most immigrants came to the US
2.Ellis Island: Where immigrants from Europe were processed
4. Ghettoes: Neighborhoods where people spoke the same language
5. Americanization: programs that help immigrants learn about life in the US
6. Melting pot: the result of blending cultures
7. Nativism: people born in America were superior
8. Chinese Exclusion Ac: Law passed to halt the immigration of certain people
9. Urbanization: moving from the farm to the city
10. Suburb: neighborhoods on the outskirts of a city
11. Gilded Age: means to cover something rotten with gold
12. Conspicuous consumerism: NOT 13. Thomas Eakins: NOT
14. Coney Island: Theme park and board walk
15. Vaudeville: shows that had dancing, music and acrobats.
16. Nickelodeons: shows that cost a nickel
Short answer/Multiple Choice:
Why did immigrants come to America? They wanted religious freedom, to avoid military service, and to join family already here.
Give examples of push and pull factors. NOT
Why was there a problem between the Protestants and Catholics? NOT
What were some of the problems farmers had with adjusting to work in the city? NOT Name at least 3 innovations that made life easier for the middle and upper class. NOT
How did Mark Twain satirize American life? He depicted American society as “gilded” rotten to the core
Describe the department store – what was in it, what was its purpose NOT How did new products make it easier on life? NOT
Name the two newspaper publishers and their papers. William Randolph Hearst and Pulitzer Chapter 6 study guide
Vocab:
2. Farmers’ Alliance: organization that wanted the government to lower cost of transporting goods.
3. Civil Rights Act of 1875. : Legislation that gave black citizens the right to ride trains and sue other public facilities
4. Sand Creek massacre: Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians were massacred by John Chivington
5. Sitting Bull: Leader of the Lakota Sioux
6. Little Big Horn: The site of a victory led by Crazy Horse over 250 US Soldiers led by general George Custer
7. Chief Joseph: Famous for saying “I will fight no more forever”
8. Wounded Knee: NOT
9. Assimilate: to absorb into the culture of a population
10. Dawes General Allotment Act: NOT 11. Transcontinental railroad: NOT 12. Land grant: NOT
13. Open Range: NOT 14. Homestead act: NOT 15. Dime novel: NOT
Multiple Choice or short answer:
1. What crops did most southern farmers grow? NOT
2. What was the purpose and goal of the Farmers’ Alliance? More regulation of railroad and grain elevator rates.
3. What affect did the Boll Weevil have on the South? Destroyed the Cotton
4. What are the Civil Rights Amendments? 13th `14th 15th
5. What was the Federal Government position regarding the Native American? NOT 6. What happened to Little Crow and his Dakota Sioux in Minnesota? NOT
9. What happened at the Tragedy at Wounded Knee? NOT
10. What were the names of the two railroad companies? Who did they use for labor and where did the two railroads connect? NOT
11. What is a cow town? NOT
12. What effect did mining have on the West? Opened more land for development, created ghost towns when the gold and silver ran out, caused the native Americans to move into smaller reservations.
13. How did the transcontinental railroad affect the nation? NOT
Chapter 7 study guide
1. How did African American leaders respond to segregation? NOT 2. What was the response to the Granger movement? NOT
3. What Supreme Court case established “separate but equal”? Plessey v. Fergusson 4. Did the Republicans want a high tariff or low? If it was high what would happen?
5. Why did Whites not like the Chinese on the west coast? NOT
6. What was in the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882? Prohibited Chinese laborers from entering the country
7. Through which treaty were Mexican Americans guaranteed property right? NOT 8. Which Gilded Age president was known for his integrity? NOT
9. What did the Farmers’ alliance do? They wanted more regulation of railroad and grain elevator rates.
10. Who was Thomas Nast? What did he try to expose? NOT 11. How did the spoils system make political parties more powerful?
Vocab:
1. Jim Crow Laws: NOT 2. Grandfather Clause: NOT
3. Poll Tax: an attempt to keep African Americans from voting by making them pay
4. W.E.B. DuBois: He believed that African Americans needed to be aggressive in obtaining rights
6. Populist Party: NOT 7. Spoils System: NOT 8. William McKinley: NOT 9. Civil Service: NOT
10. William Jennings Bryan: NOT
Chapter 9 study guide
1. What is Imperialism? Strong nations taking control over weaker nations
2. What is Social Darwinism? Certain races are superior to others. We need to spread our values to other countries, we need to protect other countries.
3. Why did journalists call the Alaska purchase “Seward’s Folly”? We paid $2.7 million, it would double the size of the US, they wondered why were needed useless tundra
4. When was Hawaii annexed? NOT
5. Who was Jose Marti and what did he do? NOT
6. Why was the USS Maine sent to Cuba? To protect American citizens
7. What is Yellow Journalism? Sensational headlines to sell papers
8. What is Jingoism? Aggressive nationalism
9. Who was Emilio Aguinaldo and what did he do? NOT 10. Who were the Rough Riders and what did they do? NOT 11. What territories were in the 1898 Treaty of Paris? NOT 12. Why did Spain give the US control of the Philippines? NOT 13. What did Taft do to restore order in the Philippines? NOT 14. What was in the Jones Act of 1916? NOT
15. Why did the US want overseas territories? NOT
16. What was the Boxer Rebellion? Chinese nationals that killed foreign missionaries and diplomats
17. What is the sphere of influence? Dividing China into sectional trading districts
19. Why did Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize? HE helped negotiate an end to the Russo-Japanese war.
20. What was the Great White Fleet? What reason do you think Roosevelt had for sending it around the world? NOT
21. What was in the Platt Amendment? NOT
22. Describe Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy.: depend on a strong military to achieve America’s goals. Work to promote human rights, national integrity and opportunity around the world.
23. How did the US get control of the Canal Zone? Paid $10 million for it.
24. What is the “Dollar Diplomacy” and which president used it? NOT 25. What was in the Teller amendment? NOT
26. What is “Moral Diplomacy” and which president used it? The US would not take any more land, but promote human rights
Chapter 10 study guide Vocab:
1. What is Militarism? NOT
2. What countries made up the Triple Alliance? And then the Central Powers? Germany Austria Italy
3. What countries made up the Triple Entente? And then the Allies? Great Britain, France, US
6. What was The Schlieffen Plan? German plan to invade France by going through Belgium
7, what Trench Warfare? NOT 8. Describe poison gas. NOT
9 Why is the sinking of the Lusitania so important? It had Americans aboard
10. Why was the Zimmerman Telegraph so important? It forced the US to declare war on Germany, IT encouraged Mexico to attack the US, it was a means for Germany to attack the US through Mexico
11. What was in the Selective Service Act? Draft where soldiers were selected by lottery
12. What were American families expected to do to help out with the War effort? Plant victory gardens, eat specific foods, buy US savings bond.
13. What is a Conscientious objector?NOT
15. What was the Great Migration? NOT
16. List the roles that women were able to take during the war. Women were to give up their jobs as soon as the men came home from the war.
17. Why did Russia pull out of the war? They were in the middle of a civil war at home
18. Who was Alvin York? NOT
19. How many died, were wounded in WWI? 52,000 died, 200,00 wounded
20. What is the official date of the end of the WWI? Nov. 11, 1918
21. How much did Germany have to pay in War Reparations? $33 Billion
22. What was the name of Wilson’s plan for the end of the war? 14 points
23. What was the great pandemic? Killed around 21.5 million people, it was a bird flu that muteated, killed people all o ver the world.
24. What is “Red Scare”? fear of communism and socialism and immigrants.
