PUBLICATIONS BASED ON THE PANEL STUDY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DYNAMICS

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PUBLICATIONS BASED ON THE PANEL STUDY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL

DYNAMICS

Including the PSED I and II (U.S.) Data Sets, as well as international counterpart studies All citations presented in APA 6th_edition

Initiated by Per Davidsson (July 2005) Updated by Paul Reynolds (August 2005) Updated by Diana Hechavarria (July 2007) Updated by Scott Gordon, & Per Davidsson (March 2012)

Updated by Casey Frid (May 2016)

Please send any additions or corrections to: [email protected]

JUMP TO…

FORTHCOMING / IN PRESS | PEER REVIEW JOURNAL ARTICLES | BOOKS

| BOOK CHAPTERS

DISSERTATIONS | RESEARCH REPORTS | CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS

& PROCEEDINGS

FORTHCOMING / IN PRESS

Frid, C. J., Wyman, D. M., & Coffey, B. (Forthcoming). Effects of wealth inequality on entrepreneurship.

Small Business Economics DOI: 10.1007/s11187-016-9742-9

Frid, C. J., Wyman, D. M., Gartner, W. B., & Hechavarria, D. M. (Forthcoming 2016). Low-wealth entrepreneurs and access to external financing. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 22(4).

Quigley NR, Newbert SL, Clark KD. 2015. The motivations underlying small business formation: An overview and empirical examination of self-efficacy and commitment. In Newbert SL (ed) Small business in a global economy: Creating and managing successful organizations, volume 1. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, forthcoming.

PEER REVIEW JOURNAL ARTICLES

AUSTRALIAN CAUSEE

Davidsson, P., et al. (2012). "Early stage start-ups: evidence from the Comprehensive Australian Study of Entrepreneurial Emergence (CAUSEE)." Australian Small Business: Key Statistics and Analysis [2012 ed.]: 4-17.

Davidsson, P., & Gordon, S. R. (2012). Panel studies of new venture creation: a methods-focused review and suggestions for future research. Small Business Economics, 39(4), 853-876.

Senyard, J., Baker, T., Steffens, P., & Davidsson, P. (2014). Bricolage as a Path to Innovativeness for Resource-Constrained New Firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(2), 211-230. Zolin, R., & Schlosser, F. (2013). Characteristics of immigrant entrepreneurs and their involvement in

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Zolin, R., Stuetzer, M., & Watson, J. (2013). Challenging the female underperformance hypothesis.

International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 116-129. CANADA

Diochon, M., Mennzies, T. V., & Gasse, Y. (2005). Canadian nascent entrepreneurs' start-up efforts: outcomes and individual influences on sustainability. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 18(1), 53-73.

Diochon, M., Menzies, T. V., & Gasse, Y. (2005). Exploring the relationship between start-up activities and new venture emergence: a longitudinal study of Canadian nascent entrepreneurs. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 2(3), 408-426.

Diochon, M., Menzies, T. V., & Gasse, Y. (2007a). Attribution and success in new venture creation among Canadian nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 20(4), 335-350. Diochon, M., Menzies, T. V., & Gasse, Y. (2007b). From becoming to being: Measuring firm creation.

Journal of Enterprising Culture, 15(1), 21-42.

Diochon, M., Menzies, T. V., & Gasse, Y. (2008). Exploring the nature and impact of gestation-specific human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 151. Menzies, T. V., Diochon, M., & Gasse, Y. (2004). Examining venturing-related myths about women

entrepreneurs with an investigation of nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 9(2), 89-107.

Menzies, T. V., Diochon, M., Gasse, Y., & Elgie, S. (2006). A longitudinal study of the characteristics, business creation process and outcome differences of Canadian female vs. male nascent entrepreneurs. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2(4), 441-453. CHINA

Li, T., & Gustafsson, V. (2012). Nascent entrepreneurs in China: social class identity, prior experience affiliation and identification of innovative opportunity: A study based on the Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (CPSED) project. Chinese Management Studies, 6(1), 14-35. Long, D., Yang, J., & Gao, J. (2010). Anatomy of nascent entrepreneurship in China: A preliminary study

from CPSED project. Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship, 2(2), 129-147.

Yang, J., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Niu, F. (2015). Escalation bias among technology entrepreneurs: the moderating effects of motivation and mental budgeting. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, (ahead-of-print), 1-16.

Zhang, Y., Yang, J., Tang, J., Au, K., & Xue, H. (2013). Prior Experience and Social Class as Moderators of the Planning-Performance Relationship in China's Emerging Economy. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 7(3), 214-229.

NETHERLANDS

Van Gelderen, M. (2000). Enterprising behaviour of ordinary people. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(1), 81-88.

Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R., & Bosma, N. (2005). Success and risk factors in the pre-startup phase. Small Business Economics, 24(4), 365-380.

Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R., & Patel, P. (2011). Encountered problems and outcome status in nascent entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 71-91.

NORWAY

Alsos, G. A., & Kolvereid, L. (1998). The business gestation process of novice, serial, and parallel business founders. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 22, 101-114.

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Alsos, G. A., & Ljunggren, E. (1998). Does the business start-up process differ by gender? A longitudinal study of nascent entrepreneurs. Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, 137-151.

Rotefoss, B., & Kolvereid, L. (2005). Aspiring, nascent and fledgling entrepreneurs: an investigation of the business start-up process. Entrepreneurship & regional development, 17(2), 109-127.

SWEDEN

Chandler, G. N., Honig, B., & Wiklund, J. (2005). Antecedents, moderators, and performance

consequences of membership change in new venture teams. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(5), 705-725.

Davidsson, P., & Henrekson, M. (2000). Institutional Determinants of the Prevalence of Start-ups and High-Growth Firms: Evidence from Sweden. Small Business Economics.

Davidsson, P., & Honig, B. (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs.

Journal of Business Venturing, 18(3), 301-331.

De Clercq, D., Mennzies, T. V., Diochon, M., & Gasse, Y. (2008). Explaining nascent entrepreneurs' goal commitment: an exploratory study. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 21(4), 123-139. Delmar, F., & Davidsson, P. (2000). Where do they come from? Prevalence and characteristics of nascent

entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship & regional development, 12(1), 1-23.

Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2003). Does business planning facilitate the development of new ventures?

Strategic Management Journal, 24(12), 1165-1185.

Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2004). Legitimating first: Organizing activities and the survival of new ventures.

Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2006). Does experience matter? The effect of founding team experience on the survival and sales of newly founded ventures. Strategic Organization, 4(3), 215-247.

Honig, B., & Karlsson, T. (2004). Institutional forces and the written business plan. Journal of Management, 30(1), 29-48.

Honig, B. and M. Samuelsson (2012). "Planning and the entrepreneur: A longitudinal examination of nascent entrepreneurs in Sweden." Journal of Small Business Management 50(3): 365-388. Honig, B., & Samuelsson, M. (2014). Data replication and extension: A study of business planning and

venture-level performance. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 1, 18-25.

Shane, S., & Delmar, F. (2004). Planning for the market: business planning before marketing and the continuation of organizing efforts. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(6), 767-785.

UNITED STATES

Aldrich, H. E. (2012). "The emergence of entrepreneurship as an academic field: A personal essay on institutional entrepreneurship." Research Policy 41(7): 1240-1248.

Aldrich, H. E., & Yang, T. (2012). What did Stinchcombe really mean? Designing research to test the liability of newness among new ventures. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 2(3).

BarNir, A. (2014). Pre-venture managerial experience and new venture innovation: An opportunity costs perspective. Management Decision, 52(10), 1981-2001.

Brannon, D. L., et al. (2013). "The varying effects of family relationships in entrepreneurial teams." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 37(1): 107-132.

Brinckmann, J., & Kim, S. M. (2015). Why We Plan: The Impact of Nascent Entrepreneurs' Cognitive Characteristics and Human Capital on Business Planning. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal. Brush, C. G., Edelman, L. F., & Manolova, T. S. (2008). The Effects of Initial Location, Aspirations, and

Resources on Likelihood of First Sale in Nascent Firms*. Journal of Small Business Management, 46(2), 159-182.

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Brush, C. G., Manolova, T. S., & Edelman, L. F. (2008). Properties of emerging organizations: An empirical test. Journal of Business Venturing, 23(5), 547-566.

Campbell, J. R., & De Nardi, M. (2009). A conversation with 590 nascent entrepreneurs. Annals of Finance, 5(3), 313-340.

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., & Reynolds, P. D. (1996). Exploring start-up event sequences. Journal of Business Venturing, 11(3), 151-166.

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., Shaver, K. G., & Gatewood, E. J. (2003). The career reasons of nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(1), 13-39.

Casey, C. (2014). Critical Connections The Importance of Community-Based Organizations and Social Capital to Credit Access for Low-Wealth Entrepreneurs. Urban Affairs Review, 50(3), 366-390. Cassar, G. (2006). Entrepreneur opportunity costs and intended venture growth. Journal of Business

Venturing, 21(5), 610-632.

Cassar, G. (2007). Money, money, money? A longitudinal investigation of entrepreneur career reasons, growth preferences and achieved growth. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19(1), 89-107.

Cassar, G. (2009). Financial statement and projection preparation in start-up ventures. The Accounting Review, 84(1), 27-51.

Cassar, G. (2010). Are individuals entering self-employment overly optimistic? an empirical test of plans and projections on nascent entrepreneur expectations. Strategic Management Journal, 31(8), 822-840.

Cassar, G., & Craig, J. (2009). An investigation of hindsight bias in nascent venture activity. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(2), 149-164.

Cassar, G., & Ittner, C. D. (2009). Initial retention of external accountants in startup ventures. European Accounting Review, 18(2), 313-340.

Claire, L. (2012). "Re-Storying the Entrepreneurial Ideal: Lifestyle Entrepreneurs as Hero?" Tamara Journal for Critical Organization Inquiry 10(1-2).

Coleman, S., & Kariv, D. (2014). ‘Deconstructing’entrepreneurial self-efficacy: a gendered perspective on the impact of ESE and community entrepreneurial culture on the financial strategies and

performance of new firms. Venture Capital, 16(2), 157-181.

Crawford, G. C., Aguinis, H., Lichtenstein, B., Davidsson, P., & McKelvey, B. (2015). Power law distributions in entrepreneurship: Implications for theory and research. Journal of Business Venturing.

Crawford, G. C., McKelvey, B., & Lichtenstein, B. (2014). The empirical reality of entrepreneurship: How power law distributed outcomes call for new theory and method. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 1.

Davidsson, P. and S. R. Gordon (2012). "Panel studies of new venture creation: a methods-focused review and suggestions for future research." Small Business Economics 39(4): 853-876.

Davis, A. E., & Shaver, K. G. (2012). Understanding Gendered Variations in Business Growth Intentions Across the Life Course. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.

Dimov, D. (2010). Nascent entrepreneurs and venture emergence: opportunity confidence, human capital, and early planning. Journal of Management Studies, 47(6), 1123-1153.

Eckhardt, J. T., Shane, S., & Delmar, F. (2006). Multistage selection and the financing of new ventures.

Management Science, 220-232.

Edelman, L. F., Brush, C. G., Manolova, T. S., & Greene, P. G. (2010). Start-up Motivations and Growth Intentions of Minority Nascent Entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(2), 174-196.

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Edelman, L. F., Manolova, T. S., & Brush, C. G. (2008). Entrepreneurship education: Correspondence between practices of nascent entrepreneurs and textbook prescriptions for success. The Academy of Management Learning and Education ARCHIVE, 7(1), 56-70.

Edelman, L. F., Manolova, T. S., & Brush, C. G. (2014). Size and Growth Rate of Women-Owned

Businesses in the United States1. Entrepreneurial Women: New Management and Leadership Models, 69.

Edelman, L., & Yli-Renko, H. (2010). The Impact of Environment and Entrepreneurial Perceptions on Venture-Creation Efforts: Bridging the Discovery and Creation Views of Entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(5), 833-856.

Eggers, F., et al. (2012). "Examining the relationship between customer and entrepreneurial orientation on nascent firms’ marketing strategy." International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 8(2): 203-222.

Freeland, R. E., & Keister, L. A. (2014). How Does Race and Ethnicity Affect Persistence in Immature Ventures?. Journal of Small Business Management.

Frid, C. J. (2014). Acquiring financial resources to form new ventures: the impact of personal

characteristics on organizational emergence. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 27(3), 323-341.

Frid, C. J., Wyman, D. M., & Gartner, W. B. (2015). The Influence of Financial'Skin in the Game'on New Venture Creation. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 21(2), 1.

Gartner, W. and J. Liao (2012). "The effects of perceptions of risk, environmental uncertainty, and growth aspirations on new venture creation success." Small Business Economics 39(3): 703-712.

Gartner, W. B. and K. G. Shaver (2012). "Nascent entrepreneurship panel studies: progress and challenges." Small Business Economics 39(3): 659-665.

Gartner, W. B., Shaver, K. G., & Liao, J. J. (2008). Opportunities as attributions: Categorizing strategic issues from an attributional perspective. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2(4), 301-315.

Gartner, W.B., Frid, C.J., & Alexander, J.C. (2012). Financing the emerging firm. Small Business Economics, 39(3), 745-761.

Gatewood, E. J., Shaver, K. G., & Gartner, W. B. (1995). A longitudinal study of cognitive factors

influencing start-up behaviors and success at venture creation. Journal of Business Venturing, 10(5), 371-391.

Gras, D. and G. T. Lumpkin (2012). "Strategic Foci in Social and Commercial Entrepreneurship: A Comparative Analysis." Journal of Social Entrepreneurship 3(1): 6-23.

Haltiwanger, J., & Looney, A. (2011). Comments and discussion: What do small businesses do? Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 119-142.

Hechavarria, D. M., et al. (2012). "The nascent entrepreneurship hub: goals, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and start-up outcomes." Small Business Economics 39(3): 685-701.

Hopp, C. (2012). "For Better or for Worse?—Nonprofit Experience and the Performance of Nascent Entrepreneurs." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 41(6): 1251-1268.

Hopp, C. (2015). Does the presence of a formal business plan increase formal financial support? Empirical evidence from the PSED II on the signalling and mimetic nature of formal business planning.

Applied Economics Letters, 22(9), 673-678.

Hopp, C. and U. Stephan (2012). "The influence of socio-cultural environments on the performance of nascent entrepreneurs: Community culture, motivation, self-efficacy and start-up success." Entrepreneurship & regional development 24(9-10): 917-945.

Hopp, C., & Sonderegger, R. (2014). Understanding the Dynamics of Nascent Entrepreneurship— Prestart-Up Experience, Intentions, and Entrepreneurial Success. Journal of Small Business Management.

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Hurst, E., & Pugsley, B. W. (2011). What do small businesses do? Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 73-118.

Johnson, K. L. and C. Wu (2012). "Creating Entrepreneurial Opportunities as a Means to Maintain Entrepreneurial Talent in Corporations." Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship 25(3): 327-348.

Johnson, K., Danis, W., & DOLLINGER, M. J. (2008). Are you an innovator or adaptor? The impact of cognitive propensity on venture expectations and outcomes. New England Journal of

Entrepreneurship. Fairfield.

Johnson, P. S., Parker, S. C., & Wijbenga, F. (2006). Nascent entrepreneurship research: achievements and opportunities. Small Business Economics, 27(1), 1-4.

Kariv, D., & Coleman, S. (2015). Toward a theory of financial bricolage: the impact of small loans on new businesses. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 22(2).

Khan, S. A., et al. (2013). "Disengagement of Nascent Entrepreneurs from the Start-Up Process." Journal of Small Business Management.

Kim, P. H., & Longest, K. C. 2014. You can’t leave your work behind: Employment experience and founding collaborations. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(6): 785–806.

Kim, P. H., Aldrich, H. E., & Keister, L. A. (2006). Access (not) denied: The impact of financial, human, and cultural capital on entrepreneurial entryin the United States. Small Business Economics, 27(1), 5-22.

Kim, P. H., Longest, K. C., & Aldrich, H. E. 2013. Can You Lend Me a Hand? Task-Role Alignment of Social Support for Aspiring Business Owners. Work and Occupations, 40(3): 211–247. Kim, P. H., Longest, K. C., & Lippmann, S. forthcoming. The tortoise versus the hare: Progress and

business viability differences between conventional and leisure-based founders. Journal of Business Venturing.

Köllinger, P., & Minniti, M. (2006). Not for lack of trying: American entrepreneurship in black and white.

Small Business Economics, 27(1), 59-79.

Kotha, R. and G. George (2012). "Friends, family, or fools: Entrepreneur experience and its implications for equity distribution and resource mobilization." Journal of Business Venturing 27(5): 525-543. Kroeck, K. G., Bullough, A. M., & Reynolds, P. D. (2010). Entrepreneurship and differences in locus of

control. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 15(1).

Li, T., & Gustafsson, V. (2012). Nascent entrepreneurs in China: social class identity, prior experience affiliation and identification of innovative opportunity: A study based on the Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (CPSED) project. Chinese Management Studies, 6(1), 14-35. Liao, J. J., & Welsch, H. (2008). Patterns of venture gestation process: Exploring the differences between

tech and non-tech nascent entrepreneurs. The Journal of high technology management research, 19(2), 103-113.

Liao, J. J., Gartner, W. В., & Gartner, W. B. (2007). The influence of pre-venture planning on new venture creation. Journal of Small Business Strategy Vol, 18(2), 2008.

Liao, J., & Gartner, W. B. (2006). The effects of pre-venture plan timing and perceived environmental uncertainty on the persistence of emerging firms. Small Business Economics, 27(1), 23-40. Liao, J., & Welsch, H. (2003). Social capital and entrepreneurial growth aspiration: a comparison of

technology-and non-technology-based nascent entrepreneurs. The Journal of high technology management research, 14(1), 149-170.

Liao, J., & Welsch, H. (2005). Roles of Social Capital in Venture Creation: Key Dimensions and Research Implications*. Journal of Small Business Management, 43(4), 345-362.

Liao, J., Murphy, P. J., & Welsch, H. (2005). Developing and validating a construct of entrepreneurial intensity. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 31-38.

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Liao, J., Welsch, H., & Moutray, C. (2009). Start-up Resources and Entrepreneurial Discontinuance: the Case of Nascent Entrepreneurs. J. Small Bus. Strateg, 19(2), 1-15.

Liao, J., Welsch, H., & Tan, W. L. (2005). Venture gestation paths of nascent entrepreneurs: Exploring the temporal patterns. The Journal of high technology management research, 16(1), 1-22.

Lichtenstein, B. B., Carter, N. M., Dooley, K. J., & Gartner, W. B. (2007). Complexity dynamics of nascent entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(2), 236-261.

Liu, C. Y. (2012). "The Causes And Dynamics Of Minority Entrepreneurial Entry." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 17(01).

Mai, Y. and X. Gu (2012). "Is work experience helpful to the success of venture creation?: Based on the on-the-job embeddedness analysis." Nankai Business Review International 3(2): 187-198.

Manolova, T. S., Brush, C. G., & Edelman, L. F. (2008). What do women entrepreneurs want? Strategic Change, 17(3-4), 69-82.

Manolova, T. S., et al. (2012). "One size does not fit all: Entrepreneurial expectancies and growth intentions of US women and men nascent entrepreneurs." Entrepreneurship & regional development 24(1-2): 7-27.

Matthews, C., Schenkel, M., Ford, M., & Human, S. (2009). Comparing nascent entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs and expectations of firm growth. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 20(1), 53. McCann, B. T. and T. B. Folta (2012). "Entrepreneurial entry thresholds." Journal of Economic Behavior &

Organization.

Muñoz-Bullon, F., Sanchez-Bueno, M. J., & Vos-Saz, A. (2015). Startup team contributions and new firm creation: the role of founding team experience. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 27(1-2), 80-105.

Murphy, P. J., Kickul, J., Barbosa, S. D., & Titus, L. (2007). Expert capital and perceived legitimacy: Female-run entrepreneurial venture signaling and performance. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(2), 127-138.

Newbert SL, Tornikoski ET, Quigley NR. 2013. Exploring the evolution of supporter networks in the creation of new organizations. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(2): 281-298.

Newbert SL, Tornikoski ET. 2013. Resource acquisition in the emergence phase: Considering the effects of embeddedness and dependence. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(2): 249–280.

Newbert, S. L. (2005). New firm formation: a dynamic capability perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 43(1), 55-77.

Newbert, S. L. (2012). "Marketing Amid the Uncertainty of the Social Sector: Do Social Entrepreneurs Follow Best Marketing Practices?" Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 31(1): 75-90.

Newbert, S. L., & Tornikoski, E. (2012). Supporter networks and network growth: a contingency model of organizational emergence. Small Business Economics, 39(1), 141-159. doi: 10.1007/s11187-010-9300-9 Parker, S. C. (2011). Intrapreneurship or entrepreneurship? Journal of Business Venturing, 26(1), 19-34. Parker, S. C., & Belghitar, Y. (2006). What happens to nascent entrepreneurs? An econometric analysis of

the PSED. Small Business Economics, 27(1), 81-101.

Patel, P. C., & Fiet, J. O. (2009). Systematic search and its relationship to firm founding. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), 501-526.

Petrova, K. (2010). Part-time entrepreneurship and financial constraints: evidence from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics. Small Business Economics, 1-21.

Renko, M. (2012). "Early Challenges of Nascent Social Entrepreneurs." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.

Renko, M., et al. (2012). "Expectancy theory and nascent entrepreneurship." Small Business Economics

39(3): 667-684.

Renko, M., Harris, S. P., & Caldwell, K. (2015). Entrepreneurial entry by people with disabilities.

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Reynolds, P. D. (1997). Who starts new firms?–Preliminary explorations of firms-in-gestation. Small Business Economics, 9(5), 449-462.

Reynolds, P. D. (2009). Screening item effects in estimating the prevalence of nascent entrepreneurs. Small Business Economics, 33(2), 151-163.

Reynolds, P. D. (2011). Informal and early formal financial support in the business creation process: exploration with PSED II data set. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 27-54. Reynolds, P. D., Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., & Greene, P. G. (2004). The prevalence of nascent

entrepreneurs in the United States: Evidence from the panel study of entrepreneurial dynamics.

Small Business Economics, 23(4), 263-284.

Reynolds, P., & Miller, B. (1992). New firm gestation: Conception, birth, and implications for research.

Ruef, M., Aldrich, H. E., & Carter, N. M. (2003). The structure of founding teams: Homophily, strong ties, and isolation among US entrepreneurs. American sociological review, 68(2), 195-222.

Samuelsson, M., & Davidsson, P. (2009). Does venture opportunity variation matter? Investigating systematic process differences between innovative and imitative new ventures. Small Business Economics, 33(2), 229-255.

Sardy, M., & Alon, I. (2007). Exploring the differences between franchisee entrepreneurs and nascent entrepreneurs. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3(4), 403-418.

Schenkel, M. T., Matthews, C. H., & Ford, M. W. (2009). Making rational use of ‘irrationality’? Exploring the role of need for cognitive closure in nascent entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 21(1), 51-76.

Schjoedt, L. and K. G. Shaver (2012). "Development and validation of a locus of control scale for the entrepreneurship domain." Small Business Economics 39(3): 713-726.

Schjoedt, L., & Shaver, K. G. (2007). Deciding on an Entrepreneurial Career: A Test of the Pull and Push Hypotheses Using the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics Data1. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(5), 733-752.

Shaver, K. G., Gartner, W. B., Crosby, E., Bakalarova, K., & Gatewood, E. J. (2001). Attributions about entrepreneurship: A framework and process for analyzing reasons for starting a business.

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(2), 5-32.

Singh, R. P., & Crump, M. E. S. (2007). Educational attainment: A key factor for improving the lagging rate of black entrepreneurship. The Review of Black Political Economy, 34(3), 217-229.

Singh, R. P., & Lucas, L. M. (2005). Not just domestic engineers: An exploratory study of homemaker entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(1), 79-90.

Singh, R. P., Knox, E. L., & Crump, M. E. S. (2008). Opportunity recognition differences between black and white nascent entrepreneurs: A test of bhave's model. Journal of Developmental

Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 59.

Smith, B. R., Matthews, C. H., & Schenkel, M. T. (2009). Differences in Entrepreneurial Opportunities: The Role of Tacitness and Codification in Opportunity Identification*. Journal of Small Business

Management, 47(1), 38-57.

Tang, J. (2008). Environmental munificence for entrepreneurs: entrepreneurial alertness and commitment.

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 14(3), 128-151.

Tang, J. (2009). Exploring the constitution of entrepreneurial alertness: the regulatory focus view. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 22(3), 221.

Tang, J., & Tang, Z. (2007). The relationship of achievement motivation and risk-taking propensity to new venture performance: a test of the moderating effect of entrepreneurial munificence. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 4(4), 450-472.

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Thiess, D., Sirén, C., & Grichnik, D. (2016). How does heterogeneity in experience influence the

performance of nascent venture teams?: Insights from the US PSED II study. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 5, 55-62.

Tian, B. F., & Wu, X. K. (2013). The Effects of Entrepreneurial Personality Traits on Opportunity Identification: An Empirical Study Based on PSED Ⅱ. Journal of Business Economics, 6, 006. Tornikoski, E. T., & Newbert, S. L. (2007). Exploring the determinants of organizational emergence: A

legitimacy perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(2), 311-335.

Tornikoski, E. T., & Puhakka, V. (2009). Exploring firm emergence: initially conditioned or actively created? International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 7(1), 123-138.

Townsend, D. M., Busenitz, L. W., & Arthurs, J. D. (2010). To start or not to start: Outcome and ability expectations in the decision to start a new venture. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(2), 192-202. Trevelyan, R. (2009). Entrepreneurial attitudes and action in new venture development. International

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Vol. 10. No. 1, pp. 21-32, 2009.

Xu, H., & Ruef, M. (2004). The myth of the risk-tolerant entrepreneur. Strategic Organization, 2(4), 331-355. Xu, L. (2014). A Tale of Trinity in Founder’s Identity: The Case of New Venture Creation. Journal of

Management, 15(5), 11.

Yang, T., & Aldrich, H. E. (2012). Out of sight but not out of mind: Why failure to account for left truncation biases research on failure rates. Journal of Business Venturing.

Yang, T., & Aldrich, H. E. (2014). Who’s the boss? Explaining gender inequality in entrepreneurial teams.

American Sociological Review, 0003122414524207.

Yusuf, J. E. (2010). Meeting entrepreneurs' support needs: are assistance programs effective? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 17(2), 294-307.

Yusuf, J.-E. (2012). "A tale of two exits: nascent entrepreneur learning activities and disengagement from start-up." Small Business Economics 39(3): 783-799.

Yusuf, J.-E. W. (2012). "Why do nascent entrepreneurs use external assistance programs?" Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 1(2): 166-182.

Zanakis, S. H., et al. (2012). "Nascent Entrepreneurs And The Transition To Entrepreneurship: Why Do People Start New Businesses?" Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 17(01).

BOOKS [EDITED & MONOGRAHPS]

Aldrich, H. E. (2006). Trends and directions in entrepreneurship research. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 2(3).

Davidsson, P. (2004). Researching entrepreneurship. Boston, MA: Springer.

Davidsson, P. (2006). Nascent entrepreneurship: Empirical studies and developments. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 2(1).

Gartner, W. B., Shaver, K. G., Carter, N. M., & Reynolds, P. D. (Eds.). (2004). Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: the process of business creation. Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Kim, P. H., & Aldrich, H. E. (2005). Social capital and entrepreneurship. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 1(2).

Reynolds, P. D. (2007). Entrepreneurship in the United States: The future is now: Springer.

Reynolds, P. D. (2007). New firm creation in the United States: A PSED I overview. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 3(1).

Reynolds, P. D., & Curtin, R. T. (2008). Business creation in the United States: Panel study of

entrepreneurial dynamics II initial assessment. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 4(3), 155-307.

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Reynolds, P. D., & Curtin, R. T. (Eds.). (2009). New firm creation in the United States: Initial explorations with the PSED II data set. New York, NY: Springer.

Reynolds, P. D., & Curtin, R. T. (Eds.). (2011). New business creation: An international overview. New York, NY: Springer.

Reynolds, P. D., & White, S. B. (1997). The entrepreneurial process: economic growth, men, women, and minorities. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

Ruef, M. (2010). The entrepreneurial group: Social identities, relations, and ncollective actions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

BOOK CHAPTERS

AUSTRALIAN CAUSEE

Davidsson, P., & Reynolds, P. (2009). PSED II and the Comprehensive Australian Study of

Entrepreneurial Emergence [CAUSEE]. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 263-278): Springer New York.

Davidsson, P., & Steffens, P. (2011). Comprehensive Australian Study of Entrepreneurial Emergence (CAUSEE): Project Presentation and Early Results. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 27-51): Springer New York.

Davidsson, P., Steffens, P., & Gordon, S. (2011). Comprehensive Australian study of entrepreneurial emergence (CAUSEE): design, data collection and descriptive results. Handbook of research on new venture creation, 216-250.

Gordon, S. R. (2012). Action's Place in the Venture Creation Process. Advances in Entrepreneurhsip, Firm Emergence, and Growth (pp. 161-205).

CANADA

Diochon, M., Gasse, Y., & Menzies, T. (2011). The Canadian Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 53-93): Springer New York.

CHINA

Zhang, Y., Yang, J., Au, K., & Reynolds, P. (2011). Anatomy of Business Creation in China: Initial Assessment of the Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 95-121): Springer New York.

GERMANY

Brixy, U., & Sternberg, R. (2011). German Panel of Nascent Entrepreneurs. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 123-141): Springer New York.

LATVIA

Dombrovsky, V., Paalzow, A., & Rastrigina, O. (2011). Latvia: Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics Overview. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 143-174): Springer New York.

NETHERLANDS

Hessels, J., & Gelderen, M. (2011). New Business Creation in the Netherlands. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 175-193): Springer New York.

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Alsos, G., & Kolvereid, L. (2011). Business Start-up Processes in Norway. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 195-222): Springer New York.

SWEDEN

* Samuelsson, M. (2011). The Swedish PSED: Performance in the Nascent Venturing Process and Beyond. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 223-253): Springer New York.

UNITED STATES

Aldrich, H. E., & Carter, N. M. (2004). Social networks. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: the process of business creation (pp. 324-335). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Aldrich, H. E., Carter, N. M., & Ruef, M. (2004). Teams. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: the process of business creation (pp. 299-310). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Allen, K., & Stearns, T. (2004). Technology entrepreneurs. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp.438-448). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Baron, R. A. (2004). Social skills. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.),

Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 220-234). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Brush, C. G., & Manolova, T. S. (2004). The career and personal background variables in the PSED questionnaire. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 78-93). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Brush, C. G., & Manolova, T. S. (2004). The household structure variables in the PSED questionnaire. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 39-48). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Brush, C. G., & Manolova, T. S. (2004). The start-up problem variables in the PSED questionnaire. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 273-284). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Burton, M. D., Anderson, P., & Aldrich, H. (2009). Owner Founders, Nonowner Founders and Helpers. In

R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 115-133): Springer New York.

Carter, N. M., & Brush, C. G. (2004). Gender. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 12-25). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., & Reynolds, P. D. (2004). Firm founding. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 311-323). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., & Shaver, K. G. (2004). Career reasons. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation

(pp. 142-152). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., Shaver, K. G., & Greene, P. G. (2007). The career reasons of minority nascent entrepreneurs. In M. F. Ozbiligen & A. Malach-Pines (Eds.), Career choice in management and entrepreneurship: A research companion (pp. 433-463). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

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Carter, N. M., Reynolds, P. D., & Gartner, W. B. (2004). Perceptions of entrepreneurial climate. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 412-420). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Davidsson, P. (2004). Role models and perceived social support. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M.

Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation

Davidsson, P. (2005). Method issues in the study of venture start-up processes. In A. Fayolle, P. Kyrö & J. Ulijn (Eds.), Entrepreneurship research in Europe: Outcomes and perspectives (pp. 35-54). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Davis, A. E., & Aldrich, H. E. (2004). Work participation history. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation

Davis, A., & Shaver, K. (2009). Social Motives in the PSED II. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 19-34): Springer New York.

Davis, A., Longest, K., Kim, P., & Aldrich, H. (2009). Owner Contributions and Equity. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 71-94): Springer New York.

Dennis, W. J., & Reynolds, P. D. (2004). Knowledge and use of assistance. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 336-351). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Edelman, L. F., Manolova, T. S., & Brush, C. G. (2008). Nascence to newness: The influence of internal and external factors on the likelihood of first sale Entrepreneurship and its econmoic significance, behavior, and effects. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Publishing.

Ford, M. W., & Matthews, C. H. (2004). Individual problem solving. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation

Gartner, W. B., & Carter, N. M. (2003). Entrepreneurial behavior and firm organising processes. In Z. J. Acs & D. B. Audretsch (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurship research (pp. 195-221). Dordrecht, NL: Kluwer.

Gartner, W. B., & Carter, N. M. (2004). Overview: The start-up process. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 237-243). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Gartner, W. B., Carter, N. M., & Reynolds, P. D. (2004). Business start-up activities. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 273-284). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Gartner, W., Frid, C., Alexander, J., & Carter, N. (2009). Financing the Emerging Firm: Comparisons Between PSED I and PSED II. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 185-216): Springer New York.

Gatewood, E. J. (2004). Entrepreneurial expectancies. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 153-162). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Greene, P. G., Carter, N. M., & Reynolds, P. D. (2003). Minority entrepreneurship: Trends and

explanation. In C. Steyaert & D. Hjorth (Eds.), New movements in entrepreneurship (pp. 239-257). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Greene, P. G., & Owen, M. M. (2004). Race and ethnicity. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 26-38). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

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Hechavarria, D., Schenkel, M., & Matthews, C. (2009). Contextual Motivation and Growth Aspirations Among Nascent Entrepreneurs. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 35-49): Springer New York.

Hills, G. E., & Singh, R. P. (2004). Opportunity recognition. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 259-272). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Honig, B., Davidsson, P., & Karlsson, T. (2005). Learning strategies of nascent entrepreneurs. In R. Sanchez & A. Heene (Eds.), Research in competence-based management. Oxford, UK: Elsevier. Honig, B., Liao, J., & Gartner, W. (2009). Institutional Isomorphism, Business Planning, and Business Plan

Revision: The Differential Impact on Teams Versus Solo Entrepreneurs. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 137-155): Springer New York. Human, S. E., & Matthews, C. H. (2004). Future expectations for the new business. In W. B. Gartner, K. G.

Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 386-400). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Johnson, K. L., Arthaud-Day, M. L., Rode, J. C., & Near, J. P. (2004). Job and life satisfaction. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 163-170). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Johnson, K. L., Danis, W. M., & Dollinger, M. J. (2004). Decision-making (innovator/adaptor) style. In W.

B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 171-178). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Katz, J., & Cabezuelo, A. (2004). Measures of financial sophistication. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 372-385). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Kim, P. H., Aldrich, H. E., & Keister, L. A. (2004). Household income and networth. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 49-61). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Kim, Phillip H. and Howard E. Aldrich. 2011. “Are We There Yet? Measurement Challenges in Studying New Ventures.” In Handbook of Research into New Venture Creation. Kevin Hindle and Kim Klyver, eds. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 185-193.

Liao, J., & Welsch, H. (2004). Entrepreneurial identity. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 186-195). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Manolova, T., Brush, C., & Edelman, L. (2009). Start-Up Activities and New Firm Characteristics. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 239-259): Springer New York.

Matthews, C. H., & Human, S. E. (2004). Family background. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 94-103). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Matthews, C. H., & Human, S. E. (2004). The economic and community context for entrepreneurship: Perceived environmental uncertainty. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 421-429). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Matthews, C., Schenkel, M., & Hechavarria, D. (2009). Family Background and Influence on Nascent Entrepreneurs. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 51-67): Springer New York.

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Matthews, C. H., et al. (2012). Family Business: A Global Perspective from the Panel Study of

Entrepreneurial Dynamics and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Understanding Family Businesses, Springer: 9-26.

Morgan, J. N. (2004). On economic sophisitication. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 214-219). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Owen, M. M., & Greene, P. G. (2004). Time use. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 104-114). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reynolds, P. D. (2000). National panel study of U.S. business start-ups: Background and methodology. In J. A. Katz (Ed.), Advances in entrepreneurship, firm emergence and growth (pp. 153-227). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.

Reynolds, P. D. (2004). Labor force participation and residential tenure. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 62-77). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reynolds, P. D. (2004). Nature of business start-ups. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 244-258). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reynolds, P. D. (2004). Overview: The entrepreneurial context and environment. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 403-411). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Reynolds, P., & Curtin, R. (2011). United States: Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics I, II Overview. In P. D. Reynolds & R. T. Curtin (Eds.), New Business Creation (Vol. 27, pp. 255-294): Springer New York.

Robb, A., & Reynolds, P. (2009). PSED II and the Kauffman Firm Survey. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 279-302): Springer New York.

Ruef, M., Bonikowski, B., & Aldrich, H. (2009). Business Owner Demography, Human Capital, and Social Networks. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 95-114): Springer New York.

Schenkel, M., Hechavarria, D., & Matthews, C. (2009). The Role of Human and Social Capital and

Technology in Nascent Ventures. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 157-183): Springer New York.

Schoonhoven, C., Burton, M. D., & Reynolds, Paul D. (2009). Reconceiving the Gestation Window: The Consequences of Competing Definitions of Firm Conception and Birth. In R. T. Curtin & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), New Firm Creation in the United States (Vol. 23, pp. 219-237): Springer New York. Shaver, K. G. (2004). Attribution and locus of control. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D.

Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 205-213). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Shaver, K. G. (2004). Overview: The cognitive characteristics of the entrepreneur. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 131-141). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Shaver, K. G. (2012). "Entrepreneurial Action: Conceptual Foundations and Research Challenges." Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth 14: 281-306.

Stearns, T. M., & Carter, N. M. (2004). Competitive strategy. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 430-437). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

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Stouder, M. D., & Kirchhoff, B. A. (2004). Funding the first year of business. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation (pp. 352-371). Thousand Oaks, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

DISSERTATIONS & THESES

Baltrusaityte-Axelson, J. (2006). Opportunity recognition process, new business start-up motivators and

outcomes: The real options approach. (Ph.D. 3233128), University of Illinois at Chicago, United States – Illinois. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Davis, A. E. (2007). More (or less) than the sums of their parts? Status, teams, and entrepreneurial outcomes.

(Ph.D. 3257595), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States -- North Carolina. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Dixon, J. E. (2003). Pathways to success: Exploring the personal networks of female and minority entrepreneurs.

(Ph.D. 3119668), The University of Texas at Austin, United States -- Texas. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Frid, C. J. (2011). Does money matter? Investigating the financing of emerging firms. (Ph.D. 3469531), Clemson University, United States -- South Carolina. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database. Garonne, C. (2014). Business planning in emerging firms: uses and effects. Doctoral dissertation. Brisbane:

Queensland University of Technology

Gordon, S. R. (2012). Dimensions of the venture creation process: amount, dynamics, and sequences of action in nascent entrepreneurship. Doctoral Dissertation. Brisbane: Queensland University of Technology

Hechavarria, D. (2013). Nascent Entrepreneur’s Prospecting Profile and Start-up Capital Sources: An Investigation of Start-up Outcomes Over Time. (Electronic Thesis or Dissertation). Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/

Kim, P. H. (2006). Organizing activities and founding processes of new ventures. (Ph.D. 3219131), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States -- North Carolina. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Kinghorn, B. H. (2008). Characteristics that lead to entrepreneurial recognition: A capital theory perspective.

(Ph.D. 3327533), New Mexico State University, United States -- New Mexico. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Lehmann, F. N. A. (2007). Three essays on entrepreneurship, reassessing puzzles and assumptions. (Ph.D. 3276228), University of Michigan, United States -- Michigan. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Leonard, J. M. (2007). An empirical microeconomic study of the entrepreneur. (Ph.D. 3291422), University of Kansas, United States -- Kansas. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Meeks, M. D. (2004). Antecedents to the entrepreneurial decision: An empirical analysis of three predictive models.

(Ph.D. 3153860), University of Colorado at Boulder, United States -- Colorado. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Murphy, P. J. (2004). A logic for entrepreneurial discovery. (Ph.D. 3126461), University of Illinois at Chicago, United States -- Illinois. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Samuelsson, M. (2004). Creating new ventures: A longitudinal investigation of the nascent venturing process.

(Ph.D.), Jönköping International Business School, Sweden -- Jönköping.

Schenkel, M. T. (2005). New enterprise opportunity recognition: Toward a theory of entrepreneurial dynamism.

(Ph.D. 3176711), University of Cincinnati, United States -- Ohio. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

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Semasinghe, D. (2011). The role of Idea Novelty and Relatedness on Venture Performance. Doctoral Dissertation. Brisbane: Queensland University of Technology.

Smith, B. R. (2007). Entrepreneurial team formation: The effects of technological intensity and decision making on organizational emergence. (Ph.D. 3269264), University of Cincinnati, United States -- Ohio.

ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Stouder, M. D. (2002). The capital structure decisions of nascent entrepreneurs. (Ph.D. 3062451), Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - Newark, United States -- New Jersey. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Stützer, M. (2006). Nascent entrepreneurship and the process of new venture creation. (Master's Thesis), Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Germany -- Jena.

Sullivan, D. M. (2006). Dynamic entrepreneurial networks: An investigation of entrepreneurs, new ventures and their networks. (Ph.D. 3233678), University of Central Florida, United States -- Florida. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

Thrane-Jensen, C. (2006). Capital forms and the entrepreneur - a contingency approach on new venture creation.

(Ph.D.), University of Århus, Denmark -- Århus.

Williams Middleton, K. (2010). Developing Entrepreneurial Behavior: Facilitating Nascent

Entrepreneurship at the University. [ISBN 978-91-7385-455-9] (PhD.) Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden - Gothenburg.

Yusuf, J.-E. (2007). The effectiveness of entrepreneurial start-up assistance programs: Evidence from the U.S. panel study of entrepreneurial dynamics. (Ph.D. 3298887), University of Kentucky, United States --

Kentucky. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database.

RESEARCH REPORTS

AUSTRALIAN CAUSEE

Davidsson, P., Steffens, P. R., Gordon, S. R., & Reynolds, P. D. (2008). Anatomy of new business activity in Australia: Some early observations from the CAUSEE project School of Management Technical Report. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland University of Technology.

Davidsson, P., Steffens, P. R., Gordon, S. R., & Senyard, J. M. (2008). Characteristics of high-potential start-ups: Some early observations from the CAUSEE project School of Management Technical Report. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland University of Technology.

Davidsson, P., Steffens, P. R., Gordon, S. R., Garonne, C., & Senyard, J. M. (2009). Business creation processes in Australia: What start-up attempts get up and running, and why? A preliminary assessment School of Management Technical Report. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland University of Technology.

NETHERLANDS

Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, A. R., & Bosma, N. (2003). Success and risk factors in the pre-startup phase

SCALES paper N200314. Zoetermeer, Netherlands: EIM.

SWEDEN

* Honig, B., & Karlsson, T. (2001). Business planning and the nascent entrepreneur: An empirical study of normative behavior. Jönköping, Sweden: Jönköping International Business School.

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de Rearte, A. G., Lanari, E., & Autucha, P. A. A. J. (1998). El proceso de creaction de empresas; Abordaje methodologico y primeros resultados de un studio regional. Mar del Plata, Argentina:

Universidade Nacional de Mar del Plata.

Gartner, W. B., & Liao, J. (2007). Pre-venture planning. In C. Moutray (Ed.), The small business economy for data year 2006: Report to the President (pp. 212-264). Washington, DC: U.S. Small Business

Administration Office of Advocacy.

Reynolds, P. D., & Curtin, R. T. (2009). Business creation in the United States: Entry, startup activities, and the launch of new ventures. In C. Moutray (Ed.), The small business economy for data year 2008: Report to the President (pp. 165-240). Washington, DC: U.S. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy.

Reynolds, P. D., & Curtin, R. T. (2011). Panel study of entrepreneurial dynamics (I, II): A harmonized data set of transitions and outcomes. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. http://www.psed.isr.umich.edu

Reynolds, P. D., & White, S. B. (1993). Wisconsin's entrepreneurial climate study. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University for the Study of Entrepreneurship.

PEER REVIEW CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS, PROCEEDINGS

Aldrich, H. E., Carter, N. M., Ruef, M., & Kim, P. H. (2003). Hampered by homophily? The effects of team composition on the success of nascent entrepreneurs' organizing efforts. Paper presented at the Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Babson Park, MA.

Alsos, G. A., & Ljunggren, E. (1998). Does the business start-up process differ by gender? A longitudinal study of nascent entrepreneurs. Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, 137-151.

Baltrusaityte-Axelson, J. (2008). Proactive vs. reactive opportunity recognition and start-up outcomes. Paper presented at the ICSB 2008 World Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Baltrusaityte-Axelson, J. (2007). Examining the NBV motivators: Is reactive vs. proactive opportunity recognition a personality trait? Paper presented at the ICSB 2007 World Conference, Turku, Finland.

Baltrusaityte-Axelson, J. (2007). The opportunity recognition process and new venture start-up motivators: The real options approach. Paper presented at the 4th AGSE International Entrepreneurship Research Exchange, Brisbane, Australia.

Baltrusaityte, J., Acs, Z. J., & Hills, G. E. (2005). Opportunity Recognition Processes and New Venture Failure: Examination of the PSED Data. Paper presented at the Babson College/Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Wellesley, MA.

Baltrusaityte, J. & Aldrich, H. (2005). “The Effects of Team Composition on the Opportunity Recognition Process." Presented at Babson College - Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Research Conference (BKERC), Babson College, USA.

Bi-Fei, T., et al. (2012). The Effects of Entrepreneurial Personality Traits on Opportunity Identification: An Empirical Study Based on PSED II. Proceedings of the 2012 3rd International Conference on E-Business and E-Government-Volume 05, IEEE Computer Society.

Brush, C. G., Edelman, L. F., and Manolova, T. (2003). Home or away: The impact of initial location decisions on resource assembly in nascent firms, at Academy of Management Research Conference,

Seattle, WA.

Brush, C. G., Edelman, L. F., and Manolova, T. (2003). Home or away: The impact of initial location decisions on resource assembly in nascent firms, at Babson College-Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Wellesley, MA.

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Brush, C. G., Edelman, L. F., and Manolova, T. (2004). Properties of emerging organizations: An empirical test, at Academy of Management Research Conference, New Orleans, LA, Academy Highlighted Show Program Session.

Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., and Greene, P. G. (2002). The career reasons of minority nascent

entrepreneurs. In Nagao, Dennis H. (Ed.), Academy of Management Best Papers Proceeding: 2002 (pp. ENT D1-D6). Academy of Management National Meeting, Denver, CO.

Cassar, G. (2004). Entrepreneur motivation, growth preferences and intended venture growth (Summary). Paper presented at the Babson College/Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Strathclyde, Scotland.

Cassar, Gavin. (2006). Information acquisition and the rationality of entrepreneur expectations. In ed.

Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 93-105.

Crosa, B., Aldrich, H. A., & Keister, L. A. (2002). Is there a wealth effect? Financial and human capital determinants of business start-ups. In W. D. Bygrave et al. (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2002. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Delmar, F., & Davidsson, P. (1999). Firm size expectations of nascent entrepreneurs. In P. D. Reynolds, W. D. Bygrave, S. Manigart, C. Mason, G. D. Meyer, H. J. Sapienza & K. G. Shaver (Eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 1999 (Vol. 19, pp. 90-104). Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Delmar, F., & Gunnarsson, J. (2000). How do self-employed parents of nascent entrepreneurs contribute? In P. D. Reynolds et al. (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2000. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2002). What founders do: A longitudinal study of the start-up process. In W. D. Bygrave et al. (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2002 (pp. 632-645). Wellesley, MA. Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2003b). Does the order of organizing activities matter for new venture

performance? In P. D. Reynolds et al (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship 2003. Wellesley, MA.: Babson College.

Diochon, M., Menzies, M., & Gasse, Y. (2003). Insights into the dynamics of Canadian nascent entrepreneurs' start-up efforts and the role individual factors play in the process. Paper presented at the 20th Annual CCSBE Conference, Victoria.

λDing, Z.J., and Au, K. 2012. Past Experience of Entrepreneurs, Strategic Legitimation Activities, and New Venture Performance. Accepted for 2012 International Association for Chinese Management Research conference (IACMR), Hong Kong, China, June.

Edelman, L.F., C.G. Brush, and T. Manolova. 2005. Entrepreneurial education: Do they practice what we teach? Paper presented at Academy of Management Research Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii. Edelman, L.F., C.G. Brush, and T. Manolova. 2006. One size doesn’t fit all: Growth expectancies of U.S

women and men nascent entrepreneurs, Paper presented at Academy of Management Research Conference, Atlanta, Georgia. 11-16 August.

Frid, C. J. (2009). Acquiring financial resources to form new ventures: Pecking order theory and the emerging firm. Frontiers of Entrepreneurhsip Research, 29(1), 1.

Gartner, W. B., Frid, C. J., & Alexander, J. C. (2008). Financing the emerging business through monitored and unmonitored sources of funding. Paper presented at the Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Chapel Hill, NC.

Gartner, W. B., Shaver, K. G., & Gatewood, E. J. (2000). Doing it for yourself: Career attributions of

nascent entrepreneurs. In P. D. Reynolds et al. (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2000. Wellesley, MA.: Babson College.

Gartner, William B. and J. Liao. 2005. Making sense and cents making in pre-venture business planning: Evidence from the panel study of entrepreneurial dynamics. Foundations of Entrepreneurship Research 2005, Wellesley, MA, Babson College, www.babson.edu/ entrep/

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Gartner, William B. and Kelly G. Shaver. 2002. The attributional characteristics of opportunities and problems described by nascent entrepreneurs in the PSED. Foundations of Entrepreneurship Research 2002, Wellesley, MA, Babson College.

Gartner, William B. and N. M. Carter. 2002. The demography of opportunity: Some preliminary analyses and results. In Research at the Marketing/Entrepreneurship Interface. Chicago, IL: The University of Illinois at Chicago, pp 2-10.

Gartner, William B. and Nancy M. Carter. 2001. The demography of opportunity: Some preliminary analyses and results. Paper presented at the 15th Annual UIC Research Symposium on Marketing and Entrepreneurship, Washington, D.C., August.

Gartner, William B., Carter, Nancy M. and Gerald R. Hills. 2001. Opportunities are enacted! Paper presented at the “Movements in Entrepreneurship” Workshop. Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, June.

Gartner, William B., N. M. Carter, B. M. B. Lichtenstein, and K. Dooley. 2003. When are new firms founded? Paper presented at the National Academy of Management Meetings, Seattle, WA 1-6 August.

Germak, A. J. (2015, January). For Love or Money? Achievement Orientation, Non-Monetary Focus and the Nascent Social Entrepreneur. In Society for Social Work and Research 19th Annual Conference: The Social and Behavioral Importance of Increased Longevity. Sswr.

Hills, G. E., Lumpkin, G. T., & Baltrusaityte, J. (2004). Opportunity recognition: Examining search formality, search processes and the impact on firm founding (Summary). Paper presented at the Babson

College/Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Strathclyde, Scotland. Honig, Benson and Tomas Karlsson. 2002. Institutional forces and the written business plan. Paper

presented at Academy of Management Conference, Denver, CO 9-14 August.

Honig, Benson and Tomas Karlsson. 2003. The institutional context of business planning for nascent organizations in two countries. Paper presented at Academy of Management Conference, Seattle, WA 1-6 August.

Honig, Benson and Tomas Karlsson. 2004. Business planning in nascent organizations: Institutional and social identity determinants of planning behaviour. Paper presented at Academy of Management Conference, New Orleans, LA, 6-11 August.

Honig, Benson and Tomas Karlsson. 2005. Representation and realization: A theoretical perspective on entrepreneurship. Paper presented at Academy of Management Conference, Honolulu, HI 5-10 August..

Johnson, Kevin L; Danis, Wade M; Dollinger, Marc J. 2004. Are innovators better entrepreneurs? An examination of the relationship between cognitive style and entrepreneurship. Paper presented at First Annual Clemson/Kauffman Symposium on the PSED. Clemson, SC.

Kim, P. H., & Aldrich, H. E. (2004). Teams that work together, stay together: Resiliency of entrepreneurial teams (Summary). Paper presented at the Babson College/Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Strathclyde, Scotland.

Kim, P. H., Aldrich, H. A., & Keister, L. A. (2003). If I were rich? The impact of financial and human capital on becoming a nascent entrepreneur. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American

Sociological Association, Atlanta.

Kim, Phillip H., Howard E. Aldrich and Martin Ruef. 2005. “Fruits of co-laboring: Effects of entrepreneurial team stability on the organizational founding process.” Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2005. Wellesley, MA

λKwan, H. K., Au, K., & Liu, D. 2012. Work-family conflict in new venture creation. Accepted for 2012 International Association for Chinese Management Research Conference (IACMR), Hong Kong,China, June.