学校编码:10384 分类号_______密级 ______ 学号:20520141151625 UDC _______
硕
士
学
位
论
文
基于机械可控裂结法的单分子尺度分子间
相互作用研究
Study of Intermolecular Interaction at Single-Molecule Scale
with Mechanically Controllable Break Junction Method
郑
珏
婷
指导教师姓名:田 中 群 教授
洪 文 晶 教授
专 业 名 称:物 理 化 学
论文提交日期:
2017
年
5
月
论文答辩时间:
2017
年
5
月
学位授予日期:
2017
年
6
月
答辩委员会主席:
________评
阅
人:
________2017
年
5
月
厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
Study of Intermolecular Interaction at Single-Molecule Scale
with Mechanically Controllable Break Junction Method
A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master
By
Jue-Ting Zheng
Supervised by
Prof. Zhong-Qun Tian
Prof. Wenjing Hong
Department of Chemistry
Xiamen University
May, 2017
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声明人(签名):
2017 年 05 月 26 日
厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
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声明人(签名)
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2017 年 05 月 26 日
厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
目录
目录
摘要
... I
Abstract ... III
第一章
绪论
... 1
1.1 金属/分子/金属结与单分子研究方法概述 ... 1 1.1.1 金属/分子/金属结简介... 1 1.1.2 单分子尺度测量与表征... 2 1.2 金属/分子/金属结的构筑方法 ... 3 1.2.1 构筑方法的发展简介... 3 1.2.2 机械可控裂结法简介... 6 1.3 金属/分子/金属结的表征方法 ... 8 1.3.1 单分子尺度电输运机理... 8 1.3.2 电流-电压特性曲线用于分子结表征... 10 1.3.3 电导统计图用于分子结表征... 11 1.3.4 分子结表征的其他方法... 13 1.4 单分子尺度分子间相互作用研究进展 ... 16 1.5 本论文研究目标、内容及思路 ... 18第二章
实验方法
... 20
2.1 实验试剂 ... 20 2.2 实验仪器 ... 21厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
厦门大学理学硕士学位论文
第三章
电化学辅助-机械可控裂结法研究分子结中的分子间弱相互
作用
... 23
3.1 电化学辅助-机械可控裂结法概述 ... 23 3.2 电化学辅助-机械可控裂结法的具体实验流程 ... 25 3.2.1 微加工方法制备微米间隔电极对... 25 3.2.2 电沉积方法制备纳米接触电极对... 28 3.2.3 电化学辅助-机械可控裂结装置的搭建... 31 3.3 寡聚苯乙炔类分子结的电流-电压特性曲线表征 ... 32 3.3.1 分子结的电流-电压特性曲线表征的实验流程... 32 3.3.2 寡聚苯乙炔类分子结的电流-电压特性曲线... 34 3.4 分子间弱相互作用对于寡聚苯乙炔类分子结表征结果的影响 ... 36 3.5 本章小结 ... 38第四章
切口金线-机械可控裂结法研究分子结中的分子间偶联成键
作用
... 39
4.1 切口金线-机械可控裂结法概述 ... 39 4.2 1,4-苯二硫酚单分子电导的研究进展及分歧 ... 40 4.3 切口金线-机械可控裂结法的具体实验流程 ... 42 4.3.1 切口金线芯片的制备方法... 42 4.3.2 切口金线-机械可控裂结法装置的搭建... 43 4.3.3 切口金线-机械可控裂结法的仪器校正... 45 4.4 多种统计方法对于1,4-苯二硫酚分子结表征结果的协同分析 ... 46 4.4.1 一维电导统计图... 46 4.4.2 二维电导-距离统计图... 48 4.4.3 最可几电导-距离曲线图... 49 4.5 1,4-苯二硫酚分子结的微观结构推测 ... 50厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
目录 4.6 本章小结 ... 52
第五章
拉曼光谱-机械可控裂结联用法研究分子结中的分子间偶联
成键作用
... 53
5.1 拉曼光谱用于表征分子结的研究进展 ... 53 5.2 拉曼光谱-机械可控裂结法联用装置的搭建 ... 56 5.3 1,4-苯二硫酚分子结的拉曼光谱表征 ... 57 5.4 1,4-苯二硫酚分子结中S-S偶联成键的指认 ... 58 5.5 本章小结 ... 60参考文献
... 61
在学期间发表论文情况
... 69
致谢
... 71
厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Abstract in Chinese ... I
Abstract in English ... III
Chapter 1 Introduction ... 1
1.1 Metal/Molecule/Metal Junction and Single-Molecule Methodology ... 1
1.1.1 A brief Introduction to metal/molecule/metal junction ... 1
1.1.2 The significance of single-molecule methodology ... 2
1.2 Fabrication of Metal/Molecule/Metal Junction... 3
1.2.1 Reported methods for fabricating molecular junction ... 3
1.2.2 Mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ)... 6
1.3 Characterizations of Metal/Molecule/Metal Junction ... 8
1.3.1 Mechanism of charge transport at single-molecule scale ... 8
1.3.2 Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics for studying molecular junctions ... 10
1.3.3 Conductance histogram for studying molecular junctions ... 11
1.3.4 Other statistical methods for studying molecular junctions ... 13
1.4 Progress in the Intramolecular Interaction at Single-Molecule Scale ... 16
1.5 Objectives, Contents and Ideas of This Thesis ... 18
Chapter 2 Experimental ... 20
2.1 Reagents ... 20
2.2 Instruments ... 21
厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
厦门大学理学硕士学位论文
Chapter 3 Study of Weak Intramolecular Interaction in Molecular
Junctions with an Electrochemically Assisted-MCBJ Method ... 23
3.1 Introduction to Electrochemically Assisted-MCBJ (EC-MCBJ) ... 23
3.2 Experimental Procedures of EC-MCBJ ... 25
3.2.1 Fabrication of electrodes pair with micrometer-sized separation ... 25
3.2.2 Fabrication of electrodes pair with nanometer-sized contact... 28
3.2.3 Configuration of EC-MCBJ setup ... 31
3.3 Current-Voltage (I-V) Curve Characterization of Oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s (OPEs) Molecular Junctions ... 32
3.3.1 Experimental procedures of I-V curve characterization ... 32
3.3.2 Measured I-V curves for OPEs molecular junctions ... 34
3.4 Influence of Weak Intermolecular Interaction on Characterizing OPEs Molecular Junctions ... 36
3.5 Summary ... 38
Chapter 4 Study of Intermolecular Bonding in Molecular Junction
with a Notched-Wire-MCBJ Method ... 39
4.1 Introduction to Notched-Wire-MCBJ ... 39
4.2 Discrepancy on Single-Molecule Conductance of Benzene-1,4-dithiol .... 40
4.3 Experimental Procedures of Notched-Wire-MCBJ ... 42
4.3.1 Fabrication of Notched-Wire-MCBJ microchip ... 42
4.3.2 Configuration of Notched-Wire-MCBJ setup ... 43
4.3.3 Calibration of Notched-Wire-MCBJ techniques ... 45
4.4 Synergistic Analysis for Benzene-1,4-dithiol Junction ... 46
4.4.1 One-dimensional (1D ) conductance histogram ... 46
4.4.2 Two-dimensional (2D) conductance-distance histogram ... 48
4.4.3 Mastercurve... 49
Table of Contents
4.5 Hypothesized Micro-configuration of Benzene-1,4-dithiol Junction ... 50
4.6 Summary ... 52
Chapter 5 Study of Intermolecular Bonding in Molecular Junction
with a Combined Notched-Wire-MCBJ and Raman Method ... 53
5.1 Introdction to Raman Method in Characterizing Molecular Junction ... 53
5.2 Configuration of Combined Notched-Wire-MCBJ and Raman Setup .... 56
5.3 Raman Characterization of Benzene-1,4-dithiol Junction ... 57
5.4 Identification of S-S bond in Benzene-1,4-dithiol Junction ... 58
5.5 Summary ... 60
References ... 61
Publications During Master Study ... 69
Acknowledgement ... 71
摘要 I
摘要
单分子尺度测量与表征技术的发展,在很大程度上推动了分子电子学等基础 科学的发展。然而,当前不同课题组所测量的单分子电导值常存在差异。有别于 传统的分子电子学研究主要关注分子结的绝对电导值,本论文工作在基于机械可 控裂结法(MCBJ)实现金属/分子/金属结的构筑之后,将研究重点放在当目标 分子可能存在分子间相互作用时,这一相互作用对于分子结表征结果的影响,以 期对不同课题组的报道值存在差异这一长期困扰分子电子学的问题进行解释。 本论文工作选用寡聚苯乙炔类分子(OPEs)以及1,4-苯二硫酚(BDT)这两 个模型体系,着重关注这两个体系所出现低电导值现象。基于电化学辅助-机械 可控裂结法、切口金线-机械可控裂结法、拉曼光谱-机械可控裂结联用法,本论 文提出,分子间的π-π堆叠作用以及S-S偶联成键作用,分别是这两个体系出现 低电导值的成因所在。 本论文的主要研究内容及结论如下: 1. 利用电化学辅助-机械可控裂结法,研究了一系列OPEs分子结的电流-电 压特性曲线,发现了基于π-π堆叠作用所形成的二聚 OPEs分子结,是OPEs分 子结展现出低电导值的原因。 2. 利用切口金线-机械可控裂结法,研究了BDT分子结的多电导分布现象, 结合多种统计方法的协同分析,推测出基于S-S偶联成键作用所形成的二聚BDT 分子结,是BDT分子结展现出低电导值的原因。 3. 利用拉曼光谱-机械可控裂结联用法,研究了 BDT 分子结的分子指纹信 息,成功观测到BDT研究体系中存在 S-S键,证实了基于S-S偶联成键作用所 形成的二聚BDT分子结,是BDT分子结展现出低电导值的原因。 关键词:分子电子学;机械可控裂结法;分子间作用厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库
厦门大学理学硕士学位论文
II
Abstract
III
Abstract
The recent progress of measuring technique and characterization method at single-molecule scale had promoted molecular electronics greatly. However, the reproducibility of single-molecule conductance measurements across different research groups has to be improved. Previous publications in molecular electronics focus on the absolute conductance of molecular junction, whereas in this thesis, after the fabrication of metal/molecule/metal junction via Mechanically Controllable Break Junction (MCBJ), we devoted ourselves to study the effect of the intramolecular interaction on the characterization of molecular junction. The aim of this thesis is to explain the long-standing discrepancy among the single-molecule conductances that reported by different research groups, which is still a challenging issue in molecular electronics.
In this thesis, two model systems of oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s (OPEs) and benzene-1,4-dithiol (BDT) were investigated. We focus on the low conductances of these two systems. Employing Electrochemically-Assisted MCBJ (EC-MCBJ), Notched-Wire-MCBJ, and combined MCBJ-Raman methods, in this thesis we demonstrated that the intramolecular π-π stacking in OPEs system and S-S coupling in BDT system are responsible for the low conductances.
The main contents and conclusions of this thesis are as follows:
1. I-V characteristic curves of OPEs molecular junctions were measured by EC-MCBJ method. The anomalous low conductance that observed was ascribed to a stacking configuration of two adjacent OPE molecules.
2. With respect to BDT, the distribution of its multiple conductance was studied by Notched-Wire-MCBJ method. After a synergistic analysis, it was proposed that the low conductance of BDT molecular junction was ascribed to the dimeric-BDT configuration, which results from the S-S coupling.
厦门大学理学硕士学位论文
IV
3. Spectra of BDT junction were in-situ collected by a combined MCBJ-Raman method. The Raman signal of S-S bond was successfully detected, indicating the existence of dimeric-BDT molecules. Combined with the electrical characterization, we confirmed that the dimeric-BDT configuration is responsible for the low conductance state of BDT molecular junction.
Keywords:molecular electronics;Mechanically Controllable Break Junction; intramolecular interaction
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