monadws: A Monad-Based Testing Tool for Web Services

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monadWS

: A Monad-Based

Testing Tool for Web Services

College of Computer, Nanjing University of Posts and

Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China

Yingzhou Zhang, Wei Fu, Changhai Nie

j g

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A

d

Ab

t

dWS

Agenda

•

About monadWS

•

Monads Techniques

q

•

The monads in monadWS

HSP

d

–

HSP monad

–

Gen monad

–

TestM monad

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Conclusion

2

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About

monadWS

• An automatic WS testing tool based on monads techniques

About

monadWS

An automatic WS testing tool based on monads techniques

•

monadWS

adopts

• HSP monad

[1]

for describing WS test cases

• Gen monad

[2]

for generating test data automatically,

and

•

TestM

monad

for building the whole WS testing.

____________________

[1] HSP (Haskell Server Pages): http://code.google.com/p/hsp/

[2] Cl K H h J Q i kCh k li ht i ht t l f d t ti f

[2] Claessen K, Hughes J. QuickCheck: a lightweight tool for random testing of

Haskell programs. In Proceedings of the Fifth ACM SIGPLAN international Conference on Functional Programming, New York, 2005: 268~279.

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It f

k

W SDL Specificat ion <type s/> <bi n di n g/> <s e rvi ce/> <portType/>

Its framework

O pe rati on s XML S ch e m a S oapActi on s S e rvi ce s Data G e ne r ation Str ate gy URL addre s s

Gen

Monads

te s t cas e s (XML fi l e s ) <<Client >> <<Client >> S O AP Ge n e rator S O AP C al l e r re qu e s t s oap HTTP wrap re s pon s e re s u l ts e xpe te d re s pon s e s oap Q u i ck C h e ck Prope rti e s

HSP

Monads

TestM

Monads

Test Re ports

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A

d

Ab

t

dWS

Agenda

•

About monadWS

•

Monads Techniques

q

•

HSP

d

–

HSP monad

–

Gen monad

–

TestM monad

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Conclusion

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Monads Intro

Monads Intro.

• A general functional notation

A general functional notation

f : a -> b

• Its monadic version of this notion

f: a -> M b

• Operations on monad M

return :: a > M a

return :: a -> M a

bind :: M a -> (a -> M b) -> M b

Therefore, a monad can be thought as a strategygy for combining computations g p into more complex computations.

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A

d

Ab

t

dWS

Agenda

•

About monadWS

•

Monads Techniques

q

•

HSP

d

–

HSP monad

–

Gen monad

–

TestM monad

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Conclusion

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HSP Monad: represent TC



represents a WS test case as a SOAP message



can encapsulate any side effects, and lets all XML

expressions be computed safely

makeTC serv :: InputType

->

HSP

XML

expressions be computed safely

makeTC_serv :: InputType

>

HSP

XML

The input type of a service The input type of a service operation (say serv),

such as String, Double …

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makeTC serv :: InputType

->

HSP

XML

For example:

makeTC_serv :: InputType

>

HSP

XML

makeTC_getOffesetUTCTime :: Double -> HSP XML makeTC_getOffesetUTCTime d =

<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=soapURI xmlns:xsd=xsdURI>p p p p <soap:Body>

<getOffesetUTCTime xmlns=operURL>

<hoursOffset> <% show d %> </hoursOffset> </getOffesetUTCTime> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> where soapURI ="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xsdURI = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" // / / operURL = "http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/"

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HSP Monad: represent TC

makeTC getOffesetUTCTime :: Double -> HSP XML_g makeTC_getOffesetUTCTime d =

<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=soapURI xmlns:xsd=xsdURI> <soap:Body>

<getOffesetUTCTime xmlns=operURL>g p

<hoursOffset> <% show d %> </hoursOffset> </getOffesetUTCTime> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> </soap:Envelope> where soapURI ="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xsdURI = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" operURL = "http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/" operURL http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/

HSP provides interfaces for other computations through the escapes (with “<%” and “%>”)

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Gen Monad: generate data



automatically generates data for simple types

(such as Double, Int, String and so on)

class

Arbitrary a

where

arbitrary :: Gen a

y

instance Arbitrary String instance Arbitrary Double …

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class

Arbitrary a

where

arbitrary :: Gen a

makeTC_getOffesetUTCTime :: Double -> HSP XML

arbitrary :: Gen a



general testing method:

Step 1 generate a test value

testTCGen :: IO String

Step 1. generate a test value

Step 2. generate the final test case with the value

test CGe :: O St g testTCGen = do

d <- generate (arbitrary :: Gen Double)

return $ hsp2str (makeTC getOffesetUTCTime d)p ( _g )

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Gen Monad: generate data

makeTC getOffesetUTCTime :: Double -> HSP XML_g

testTCGen :: IO String



general testing method:

testTCGen :: IO String testTCGen = do

d <- generate (arbitrary :: Gen Double)

return $ hsp2str (makeTC getOffesetUTCTime d)

return $ hsp2str (makeTC_getOffesetUTCTime d)



monadic method by

liftM

:

on-the-fly generate

testTCGen2 :: IO String

testTCGen2 =

y

y g

testTCGen2

liftM

(hsp2str. makeTC_getOffesetUTCTime) $

generate (arbitrary :: Gen Double)

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

We can easily change the generation strategy

through the instances of Arbitrary class.

class

Arbitrary a

where

arbitrary :: Gen a

y

instance Arbitrary Double where

arbitrary = myDoubleGen arbitrary = myDoubleGen

myDoubleGen :: Gen Double

myStringGen = suchThat arbitrary guard myStringGen suchThat arbitrary guard

where

guard a = (a > 0) && (a < 1000) || elem a [-1, 0, 9999]

14

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TestM Monad:

t

ti

d

TestM Monad:

testing as a monad



type TestM

a



processes WS testing as the following

TestM

monad:

Coalgebraic

monad

yp

= CoAlgMonadT

(EnvT TestEnv

g for WS computing

Environment monad for

t ti

i

t

(StateT TestState

HSP

)) a

testing environment

(eg.

Schema type information,

test cases files

)

)) a

State monad for testing states

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CPU Time Results of Autogeneration g Test Cases for TimeService

Execution Time of the Execution Time of the SOAP Messages of

getOffesetUTCTime in TimeService

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Comparison of WSTester with Other Test Tools for Web Services Comparison of WSTester with Other Test Tools for Web Services

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A

d

Ab

t

dWS

Agenda

•

About monadWS

•

Monads Techniques

q

•

HSP

d

–

HSP monad

–

Gen monad

–

TestM monad

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Conclusion

18

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S

h t

f

t

l

dWS

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A

d

Ab

t

dWS

Agenda

•

About monadWS

•

Monads Techniques

q

•

HSP

d

–

HSP monad

–

Gen monad

–

TestM monad

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Tool Snapshots

•

Conclusion

22

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C

l

i

b i fl i t

d

d b

d t ti

Conclusion

•

briefly introduce our monad-based testing

tool,

monadWS

•

To automatically test web services.

dWS

d

l t d t h l

•

monadWS can use monads related to help

–

WS test case representation,

–

test data autogeneration, and

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C

l

i

dWS

d

l t d t h l

Conclusion

•

monadWS can use monads related to help

–

WS test case representation,

–

test data autogeneration, and

–

test auto-execution

–

test auto-execution.

•

Future work

–

More comparisons with existing tools

–

Use more data-generation strategy

g

gy

–

Apply to WS composition (with BPEL)

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