AAppendix A Glossary of Terms. Appendix B Map 1 : Project areas in Lichfield

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Agenda 21

An action plan towards the 21st Century to encourage a global partnership to achieve sustainable development, endorsed by 179 nations at the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit 1992.

Agri-Environmental Scheme

Grant schemes for land management which benefit wildlife and the environment.

Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty AONBs are special landscapes designated by the Countryside Agency to conserve and enhance natural beauty. They are protected and managed by Law. Biodiversity

Is derived from the words ëbiological diversityí and simply means the variety of plant and animal life. This includes the whole range of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, invertebrates, plants, fungi and micro-organisms. Biodiversity also refers to the habitats which support these species.

Botanical

Relating to the scientific study of plants. Ecosystem

Biological community of interacting organisms and their environment.

Flora

The plants of a particular region, habitat, or geological period.

Fauna

The animals of a particular region, habitat, or geological period.

Genetic Diversity Variation with-in species. Habitat

A place in which a particular plant or animal lives or a large group of plants and animals live together. Local Agenda 21

The implementation of Agenda 21 at a local level, with the community, the Local Authority, local interest groups and local businesses working together to maintain and improve the quality of the environment and life to achieve a sustainable community.

Nationally Scarce

A deficiency of a particular species or habitat throughout the British Isles, through local extinctions and habitat loss. Natural Areas

Natural Areas are English Natureís subdivisions of England, each with a characteristic association of wildlife and natural features. Each Natural Area has a unique

identity resulting from the interaction of wildlife, landforms, geology, land use and human impact.

Natural Regeneration

Natural Regeneration usually refers to the process by which native species return to areas of land where they previously existed, particularly in a woodland context. Natural regeneration should occur as long as there is sufficient existing native biodiversity in the area. Those species that are most suited for the particular habitat at any time will do best. As time passes, the habitat will change and other species may take the place of the earlier pioneers.

Nature Conservation Deprivation

Lack of public accessibility to areas of natural green space within 300m of housing sites and so on. Organism

An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. Red Data

This exists in Red Data Books and Red Lists under species categories and provides an easily and widely understood method for highlighting those species under higher extinction risk, so as to focus attention on conservation measures designed to protect them. Since their introduction these categories have become widely recognised internationally.

Reverse Fragmentation

Techniques to increase connectivity in fragmented landscapes.

Sites of Biological Importance

Designated sites in Staffordshire which contain most of the best remaining areas of semi-natural habitat in the County.

Sites of Special Scientific Interest

Nationally important statutory sites notified by English Nature under Section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 because they support many characteristic, rare and endangered species, habitats and natural features. The purpose of SSSIs is to safeguard for present and future generations a series of sites that are individually of high natural heritage importance.

Species

A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding for successive generations. Sustainable Development

“Development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.

Wildlife

The undomesticated native flora and fauna of a region.

Appendix A

Glossary of Terms

A

Appendix B

Map 1 : Project areas in Lichfield

B

Based upon the Ordnance Survey Mapping with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office © Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings.

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39 Habitat Action Plans

Woodland Lowland Wood-pasture and Parkland Native Woodland Wet Woodland

Farmland, Grassland and Heathland

Ancient/Diverse Hedgerows Arable Field Margins Lowland Acid Grassland Lowland Calcareous Grassland Lowland Heathland Lowland Wet Grassland Unimproved Neutral Grassland

Wetland Inland Salt Marsh Mosses Ponds, Lakes and Canals Reedbeds Rivers and Streams

Species Action Plans

Mammals Brown Hare Noctule Bat Otter Pipistrelle Bat Water Vole BIRDS Barn Owl

Farmland Seed-eating Birds Grey Partridge Lapwing Nightjar Skylark Snipe Woodlark

Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish Atlantic Salmon Grass Snake Great Crested Newt Natterjack Toad

Invertebrates Bog bush-cricket Ground Nesting Solitary Bees and Wasps Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary White-faced Darter White-clawed Crayfish

Plants and Fungi Dyer’s Greenweed Hybrid Bilberry Floating Water-Plantain Grass Wrack Pondweed Native Black Poplar Pink Meadow Cap

38 Appendix D

Staffordshire Biodiversity Action Plan

Species and Habitat Action Plans

D

Appendix C

Map 2 : Site and area designations in Lichfield District

C

Based upon the Ordnance Survey Mapping with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office © Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings.

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British Trust for Conservation Volunteers Deavall’s Farm, Hawkes Green Lane,

Cannock, Staffs. WS11 2LP

T:01543 278845 www.btcv.org

British Trust for Ornithology

The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU

T:01842 750050 www.bto.org

British Waterways

British Waterways, Willow Grange, Church Road, Watford, WD17 4QA

T:01923 201120

email:[email protected]

www.britishwaterways.co.uk

Cannock Chase Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty

Cannock Chase AONB Unit Dairy Cottage,

Shugborough Park Farm, Milford Nr. Stafford ST17 0XB

T:01889 882613

Central Rivers Initiative

Tina Cuss (Project Officer) District Council House, Frog Lane, Lichfield Staffs. WS13 6YZ

T:01543 308187

Community Council of Staffordshire Friars Mill, Friars Terrace Stafford ST17 4DX

T:01785 242525 F:01785 242176

www.staffs.org.uk

Countryside Agency

1st Floor Vincent House, 92-93 Edward Street, Birmingham B1 2RA

T:0121 233 9399 www.countryside.gov.uk

English Nature

English Nature (North Mercia) Attingham Park, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY4 4TW

T:01743 282000 www.english-nature.org.uk

Environment Agency

Sentinel House, Fradley Business Park Wellington Crescent, Fradley, Lichfield, Staffs. WS13 8RR

T:01543 444141

www.environment-agency.gov.uk

Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group Rodbaston College, Penkridge, Stafford ST19 5PH

T:01785 710654 www.fwag.org.uk

Forest of Mercia

The Forest of Mercia Innovation Centre, Chasewater Country Park, Pool Road, Brownhills, Staffordshire, WS8 7NL.

T:01543 370737. F:01543 374309.

www.forestofmercia.co.uk

Forestry Commission England

Head Office: Great Eastern House, Tenison Road, Cambridge CB1 2DU

T:01223 314542 F:01223 460699

email:[email protected] Friends of the Earth

26-28 Underwood Street LONDON N1 7JQ

T:Information - 0808 8001111

T:Enquiries - 020 7490 1555 www.foe.co.uk

Hammerwich Environment Group

email:[email protected] Greenpeace

Canonbury Villas, London, N1 2PN

T:020 7865 8100 F:020 7865 8200

www.greenpeace.org.uk

Lichfield Group of Staffordshire Wildlife Trust 68 Spring Lane, Whittington, Lichfield, Staffs. WS14 9PU

T:01543 303135 National Forest

Enterprise Glade, Bath Lane, Moira, Swadlincote, Derbyshire DE12 6BD.

T:01283 551211 F:01283 552844

www.nationalforest.org

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds RSPB (North West Region) Westleigh Mews, Wakefield Road, Denby Dale, Huddersfield HD8 8QD

T:01785 664902 www.rspb.org.uk

Soil Association

Bristol House, 40-56 Victoria Street, Bristol BS1 6BY

T:0117 929 0661 F:0117 925 2504

www.soilassociation.org

South East Staffordshire Bat Group

T:01543 432270 [email protected]

Staffordshire County Council County Ecologist Roger Hill Staffordshire County Council Countryside Services, Riverside, Stafford ST16 3TJ

Staffordshire Wildlife Trust

Wolseley Centre, Wolseley Bridge, Stafford ST17 0WT

T:01889 880100 www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/staffs

The Mammal Society

2B Inworth Street, London, SW11 3EP

T:020 7350 2200 F:020 7350 2211

www.abdn.ac.uk/mammal

Worldwide Fund for Nature WWF-UK, Panda House, Weyside Park, Godalming, Surrey GU7 1XR

T:01483 426444 F:01483 426409

www.wwf-uk.org/core/index.asp

National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act, 1949

Introduced SSSIs and National Nature Reserves and empowered local authorities to create local nature reserves.

The Countryside Act 1968

Imposed on all public bodies and Government departments a duty to have regard to the conservation of the countryside.

The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1985

Strengthened protection for SSSIs, animals and plants and provided additional safeguards for particular habitats and species.

The Wildlife and Countryside(Amendment)Act 1981

Further strengthened protection for SSSIs and protected additional species.

DoE Circular 27/87 Nature Conservation

Advised on plan policies and development control practices to protect designated sites and conserve and enhance the wider countryside.

The Environmental Protection Act

Provided further protection for SSSIs.

The Planning and Compensation Act 1991

Strengthened planning enforcement and

development control powers and required structure, local and unitary development plan policies to conserve the natural beauty and amenity of the land.

Protection of Badgers Act 1992

Consolidated previous legislation for the protection of badgers and setts.

The Conservation (Natural Habitats etc.)

Regulations 1994 (the Habitat Regulations) Transposed the requirements of the EU Habitats Directive into national law to protect sites and species of international importance.

DoE PPG9 Nature Conservation 1994

Emphasised the importance of both designated and undesignated areas for nature conservation.

Environment Act 1995

Established the Environment Agency, introduced protection for the water environment and imposed duties to review and improve air quality.

Hedgerow Regulations 1997

Provided limited protection for important countryside hedgerows.

The Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000

Strengthens the enforcement provisions laid down in Part 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. A new offence of ‘reckless’ disturbance of certain listed birds and animals at their nest or place of shelter has been introduced. Affords SSSI’s and AONB’s further protection and introduces the ‘Right to Roam’.

Appendix E :

Summary of relevant Biodiversity Legislation

E

_{Appendix F :}

Local Biodiversity Contacts

F

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Photography by kind permission

of:-Paul Matthews

Staffordshire Wildlife Trust Mike Tomlin Environment Agency English Nature Tom Marshall Paul Glendell J. L. Mason Perter Hirst Ade Turner Allan Drewet Lyndon Hill Sue Sheppard Justine Lloyd Tina Cuss Gareth Hare Bev Bennett Matthew Bowers David Gittins Forest of Mercia Janine Smith Tom Allwood Chris Tomlin Ben Bennett Phil Ward John Bates

Illustrations by kind permission

of:-Jane Coton Irene Froggatt Tracy Shepherd Samantha Toombs Jeremy Trill

Designed and published by Lichfield District Council

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