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How To Be A Nurse

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Haraldsplass

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History

Haraldsplass Deaconess University College (HDUC) is a private, accredited academic institution. We were founded in 1918 and are owned by Haraldsplass Deaconess Home Foundation (HDHF). HDHF is also the owner of Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital which is located on the same area.

HDUC is located in Bergen at the west-coast of Norway.

Bergen is the second largest city in Norway with app. 250 000 inhabitants.

HDUC is member of both the Scandinavian network Nordplus and European network Erasmus, and we collaborate with several institutions within these programs. In addition to this, HDUC has agreements with the Cuban Universities in Bayamo and Holguin and the University of Haifa in Israel. We also have agreements with Haydom Lutheran Hospital in Tanzania and Brahmanbazar Hospital in Bangladesh.

Bergen is often called: “The gateway to the fjords.”

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Christian values

Haraldsplass Deaconess University College is a diaconal institution. The purpose of our University College is to promote nursing care based on Christian values. This is done by nurturing and educating people to promote health care for the sick and others in need of help.

We want our students to gain knowledge; professional, academic and personal. Our vision is to educate and equip people to be qualified for caring and brave service for their fellow beings. Therefor our main motto is "Competence with the warm of the heart".

Study programs

at Haraldsplass

Bachelor in Nursing

Our main study program is a three year fulltime Bachelor in Nursing of 180 ECTS. There are about 300 students in this program. The Bachelor in Nursing fulfils the requirements from The Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education.

The academic requirements for Bachelor programs are completion of secondary education at advanced level. The teaching language is normally Norwegian. Half of the program is clinical studies in nursing homes, home health care, hospitals and in the community.

Many of our students take parts (about 3 months) of their educational programme abroad.

In addition we have these post baccalaureate part time programmes:

 Palliative and end of life care (60 ECTS)

 Home care services (60 ECTS)

 Emergency nursing care – outpatient clinic (60 ECTS)

 Emergency nursing care – critical care (60 ECTS)

 Counselling (60 ECTS)

 Mindfulness (30 ECTS)

Planned new academic programmes:

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General objectives for HDH nursing education

Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing

The study program leads to a Bachelor’s degree in nursing in three years. The

curriculum at HDH (Haraldsplass Deaconess University College) takes as its terms of reference the “Framework plan and regulation for nursing education” laid down by the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, January 25, 2008. As of Autumn 2011 the curriculum is revised in accordance with the National qualifications framework for higher education.

The distinctive competence of the nursing profession is focused on persons with health deficiencies. Nurses have the responsibility to meet patients’ need for health care in situations where they themselves are unable to attend to their fundamental needs due to illness, treatment or lack of capacity. Nurses encounter human beings throughout their life cycle from birth to death. Nursing is based on a persons’ own capacities and is carried out in cooperation with patients and their families on a variety of arenas and in interdisciplinary cooperation. Nurses create value by instigating actions providing the best possible health and quality of life for patients and their families.

Deacony

Haraldsplass is a diaconal college. Deacony implies dynamic action for the benefit of our fellow men. Humans are created in the image of God and are of indisputable and inviolable value, which demands action on our part. Deacony is not missionary work, but meeting our fellow men where they are in their lives and mediating the love of God through caring, alleviation, and fighting for justice. Charity, mercy, solidarity, respect, and dignity are values central to Deacony.

Study program’s relevance for employment and further studies

Our Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing qualifies candidate for authorization/registration as nurse in the health and social service as well as other sectors demanding nursing qualification. A Bachelor’s Degree is considered stage 1 in the academic development of competence. Once completed a Bachelor’s Degree forms the basis for seeking admission to Master’s Degree studies (stage 2) and eventually to PhD studies (stage3).

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Content and structure of study program

The study proceeds according to a program consisting of Major units and Minor units, where relative weight is indicated as ECTS. The total number of ECTS required is 180, of which 90 consist of ECTS derived from clinical practice.

All programs of nursing education in Norway are based on the national

“Framework plan and regulation for nursing education” (Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research 2008)

1. Academic and scientific foundations of nursing The history, traditions and professional ethics of nursing The philosophy of science, academic development and research focus of nursing

Theory of science and research methodology Ethics 33 ECTS 9 ECTS 9 ECTS 6 ECTS 9 ECTS 2. The nursing profession

Role of nursing in specialist health care (hospitals) Role of nursing in community health care (home care services and nursing homes)

72 ECTS

36 ECTS 36 ECTS

3. Medicine and natural science

Anatomy, physiology and biochemistry

General pathology, diseases, and pharmacology Microbiology, infectious diseases, and hygiene

45 ECTS

12 ECTS 24 ECTS 9 ECTS 4. Study units in social sciences

Psychology and pedagogy

Communication, cooperation and conflict resolution Sociology and social anthropology

Civic knowledge (national and local), health policies, social policies 30 ECTS 9 ECTS 6 ECTS 6ECTS 9 ECTS

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Bachelor curriculum guide

Study year Unit title ECTS Semester

no.

First Year Fundamental aspects of nursing (1) 15 1

Anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, hygiene, nutrition for nursing

15 1

Fundamental aspects of nursing (2) 15 2

Pathology and nursing 15 2

Second Year Nursing in specialist health care (1) 18 3

Social science in nursing 12 3

Nursing in specialist health care (2) 15 4

Nursing research 15 4

Third Year Mental health care 15 5, 6

Social science in nursing 15 5, 6

Nursing in home care services 15 5, 6

Bachelor thesis and Preparation for a professional career

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60 weeks of nursing education involve nursing practice in various clinical settings:

First year

Diaconal work experience 1 week

Skills training and preparation for clinical experience 5 weeks Clinical practice in basic nursing in nursing homes 8 weeks Second year

Skills training, preparation and personal reflection

related to medical, surgical and poly-clinical experience 3 weeks medical, surgical and polyclinical practice in hospital 16 weeks Clinical practice in special wards and polyclinics 3 weeks Third year

Personal reflection on clinical practice, patient’s perspectives 1 week

Focus on professional identity, diaconia and interdisciplinary cooperation 1 week Clinical practice in mental health care 8 weeks

Clinical practice in home care services 8 weeks Preparation for a professional career

Exams: first aid, diakonia, client/patient organizations, management and cooperation 2 weeks

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Descriptions of First year study units

Fundamental nursing, part one

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: First semester Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will

 account for basic human needs, and conditions necessary for filling them.

 understand the complications arising when basic needs are not met

 master Fundamental nursing skills

 be familiar with the historical roots of nursing, and with central values and concepts of nursing and of the diaconal tradition

 reflect upon one’s own attitudes and biases in encountering persons in vulnerable situations

 be knowledgeable about different forms of knowledge, theories of science and research methodologies

 account for the decision making process in nursing

 be knowledgeable about the basis of deacony and be aware of diaconal challenges in personal encounters

 have basic knowledge, skills and professional attitudes in communication, cooperation, and group dynamics

 be aware and conscious of own communication and bedside manners in personal encounters

 maintain professional confidentiality obligations

 make use of standard style sheets in writing and structuring exam papers

 make use of basic skills in bibliographic searches

 be committed to using and keeping updated on It’s Learning as a tool for e-learning, take responsibility for own learning and share responsibility for fellow students’ learning

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Anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, hygiene, and nutrition

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: First semester Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will

 Identify and describe the structure of the human body and its physiological and biochemical processes.

 Describe both the independent and the relational functions of the body organs and organ systems

 Describe a person’s need for fluid and nutrition

 Understand the importance of nutrition in health and in illness

 Describe microorganisms and their role in illnesses

 Understand the importance of physical activity and fitness for a healthy life

 Have informed insight into hygienic principles

 be knowledgeable about basic cardio-pulmonary resuscitation techniques

Fundamental nursing, part two

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Second semester Prerequisites:

All first semester course requirements completed with passing grade

Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will

 be understanding of patient’s situation and accept patient’s experiences as significant

 assess and apply the knowledge and skills of basic nursing

 approach older patients in a thoughtful and sensitive manner, and be conscious of own attitudes in meeting patients

 see and identify diaconal challenges

 apply ethical insights and knowledge of communication and cooperation in meeting patients and colleagues

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 recognize more complex patient situations

 make use of the decision making process

 make use of fundamental skills in research literature searches

 engage in and actively seek out learning situations

 possess knowledge of the philosophy underlying relevant nursing theories

 make active use of Plan for clinical training

Pathology in nursing

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Second semester Prerequisites:

All first semester course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 account for general pathology, injuries to cells and tissue, wound healing and tissue repair, inflammation, circulation disturbances, and tumors.

 observe, interpret and explain signs and symptoms of pathological processes

 explain ways of preventing negative illness development

 account for pathological states and processes, prognoses, and treatment of the most common illnesses

 describe the most common tests and examinations as well as the relevant preparations and observations

 account for protocols for administering the most important medicine types, their effects and side effects, observations and reporting routines

 account for general medicine handling and the safe dispensation of medicines in accordance with current regulations

 master basic drug dosage calculation

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Descriptions of Second year study units

Nursing in specialist health care, part one

ECTS: 18

Place in overall structure: Third semester Prerequisites:

All first semester course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 apply knowledge of basic human needs and demonstrate how these can be met when the physically ill patient is unable to cope

 possess knowledge about health promotion, illness prevention, diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis, and apply this professionally

 prevent complications and conditions consequentialto treatment or illness

 apply the decision making process with reference to patient/patient’s family in general (non-psychiatric) hospitals

 take independent responsibility for some patients with uncomplicated problems

 reflect upon personal attitudes in clinical practice

 possess basic communication skills

 maintain hygienic principles

 master heart-lung resuscitation

 be clearly aware of nurse’s responsibilities and duties in relation to observation and monitoring of patients in somatic hospitals, including pre-, per-, and post-operative interventions

 show commitment to and respect for the integrity, autonomy, and need for anonymity of patients, their families, and colleagues

 analyze and assess problems in light of ethical principles

 take responsibility for own and fellow students’ learning  be aware of culture sensitivity and the use of interpreters

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Social sciences in nursing

ECTS: 12

Place in overall structure: Third semester Prerequisites:

All first semester course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will

 be able to document basic knowledge of psychology as a tool facilitating one-on-one meetings

 be able to apply basic knowledge of psychology and pedagogy in rehabilitation processes and health promotion at the individual level

 be prepared for encounters with persons in mourning or crisis

 demonstrate competence in cooperation with patients, their families, and colleagues

 be knowledgeable about intercultural communication and be sensitive and respectful in encountering patients with a foreign cultural background

 be knowledgeable about and able to apply different strategies for conflict resolution

 be knowledgeable about the way health services are organized and funded

 be familiar with laws, regulations and agreements valid for the health and social services area.

 understand factors which may influence and regulate health service priorities.

 be knowledgeable about the rights of patients

 be able to reflect upon ethical dilemmas linked to organizing, funding, and prioritizing health care in accordance with current legislation

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Nursing in specialist health care, part two

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Fourth semester Prerequisites:

All third semester course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 reflect thoughtfully upon the nurse’s various roles in specialist health care, including conflict resolution and quality assurance routines.

 account for the nurse’s role in an interdisciplinary team in general (non-psychiatric) hospitals

 understand the significance of cooperation between specialist health service and community health service and account for the nurse’s roles and

responsibilities in this context.

 provide nursing care required for diagnostics, prevention, treatment, and prognosis.

 apply knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant for more complex patient and patient family situations

 apply hygienic principles

 account for protocols for administering the most important medicine types, their effects and side effects, observations and reporting routines

 be able to prepare patient for the most common tests and examinations in general hospitals and assess the test results, observing the patient

professionally in relevant ways

 account for the nurse’s responsibilities and duties in relation to observation and monitoring of patients in general hospitals, including pre-, per-, and post-operative interventions (in surgical hospitals).

 be clearly conscious of own attitudes and respect patients, their families, and colleagues, including their cultural and religious forms of expression

 account for diaconal symbols and resources and how these may be manifested

 respect integrity, autonomy, and need for anonymity of patients and their families

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 be able to apply laws regulating the specialist health service

 be able to draw on various forms of knowledge in assuring the quality of nursing care and in encountering patients, their families, and colleagues

 be able to apply pedagogical principles in providing and conveying nursing

 engage in planning and executing Project SOA (“Students Running the Ward”) and take responsibility for nursing care jointly with fellow students.

Nursing Research

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Fourth semester Prerequisites:

All third semester course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 asses how a philosophy of science perspective may influence choices made when facing the patient

 account for the characteristics of quality assured research

 apply the decision making process in view of philosophy of science and nursing theory as well as experience based and research based knowledge

 assess the value of published research and the relevance of its results

 identify situations in need of research

 describe strengths and weaknesses in various research designs

 understand and evaluate research-based and experience-based knowledge when facing the needs and wishes of patient and family

 implement relevant research results in the decision making process

 reflect upon the contribution of research to a quality assured nursing care

 recognize and understand ethical theories and principles in nursing

 react to, assess, and make conscious ethical choices in the existing situation of patient and family, with reference to ethical theories and principles

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 evaluate various nursing theories and their possible relevance when facing patient and family

 describe and assess nursing theories and apply them in the decision making process

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Descriptions of Third year study units

Nursing in Mental Health care

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Fifth or sixth semester Prerequisites:

All first and second year course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 respect integrity, autonomy, and need for anonymity of patients and their families

 demonstrate professional communication skills when facing patients and their families

 make use of ego-strengthening nursing principles

 apply knowledge of basic human needs and demonstrate how these can be met when the psychiatric patient/drug abuser is unable to cope

 provide autonomous and professionally motivated nursing care grounded in a mature nursing identity

 engage in, understand and respect the situation of patient and family (including children)

 meet the patients’ expression of their illness and participate actively in interdisciplinary treatment

 account for ways in which psychiatric and drug-abuse related states and situations may manifest themselves

 apply knowledge of diagnosis, prevention, treatment, habilitation and rehabilitation in a mature professional manner

 demonstrate professional responsibility in handling medication and the special challenges posed by psychotropic drugs

 promote health, prevent complications and illness consequential to illness and its treatment

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 grasp the significance and importance of cooperation relations between different levels of the health services

 analyze and evaluate clinical problems in light of ethical principles

 apply knowledge of quality assurance, internal auditing and quality enhancement

 obtain, analyze and discuss relevant research-based knowledge with fellow students and the professionals encountered in clinical arenas

 account for the hierarchic position and organization of the ward, as well as relevant legislation and current regulations

 reflect upon diaconal challenges, local, national, and international

 demonstrate a professional attitude to own value system and world view

Social sciences in Nursing

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Fifth or sixth semester Prerequisites:

All first and second year course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 describe and apply fundamental concepts in medical anthropology and sociology as these relate to health service phenomena

 account for differences, similarities and unique aspects among different cultures, views of man, and the understanding of health and illness

 develop a conscious view of own attitudes and biases when facing other cultural expressions, religious and ethnic backgrounds

 demonstrate insight into and ability to discuss the organization, decision making processes and priorities of the health and social services

 account for interconnections between health and society, welfare and living conditions

 account for health issues, priority areas, strategies, and ethical dilemmas in community health service both nationally and internationally

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 understand the interconnections between health risk factors and illness development, and between health promotion and illness prevention, at the individual and community level

 describe measures for health promotion and illness prevention on various health service arenas

 obtain, analyze, problematize, and share (in written or oral form) central subject content on issues in sociology, community health, as well as society, health and culture topics, with relevance to nursing

 describe and apply central concepts in cross-cultural nursing

 reflect upon professional nursing challenges arising from increased globalization

Nursing in Community Health Service

ECTS: 15

Place in overall structure: Fifth or sixth semester Prerequisites:

All first and second year course requirements completed with passing grade Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 respect integrity, autonomy, and need for anonymity of patients and their families

 demonstrate professional communication skills when facing patients and their families

 apply knowledge about basic human needs, and show how these can be met when the patient is living at home and unable to cope.

 provide independent and professionally motivated nursing care grounded in a mature nursing identity

 be committed to, understand and respect the situation which patient and find themselves in

 demonstrateprofessionalism in handling medication and the special challenges posed by home based care

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 employ various nursing-related classification and documentation systems in accordance with standard regulations

 grasp the significance and importance of cooperation relations between different levels of the health services

 analyze and evaluate clinical problems in light of ethical principles

 apply knowledge of quality assurance, internal auditing and quality enhancement

 obtain, analyze and discuss relevant research based knowledge with fellow students and the professional personnel encountered in clinical practice

 reflect upon diaconal challenges, local, national, and international

 demonstrate a mature attitude to own value system and world view

 account for the organization of the community health service, and relevant legislation

 account for the characteristics of public, private charity and private commercial health services

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Bachelor Thesis and Preparation for a professional career

ECTS: 13+2

Place in overall structure: Sixth semester Prerequisites:

All first and second year course requirements completed with passing grade

Bachelor Thesis

Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 prepare and follow through a planned written project on a nursing topic

 account for and analyze problems related to the nursing profession

 apply theoretical, research based and experience based knowledge relevant to clinical nursing practice

 critically assess scientific articles used in own work

 apply concepts and theories of nursing as a basis for understanding nursing as a discipline and as a profession

 demonstrate ethical reflection linked to nursing topics and problems

 apply “Ethical regulations for Nordic nursing research” and discuss how these can be used in own work and in the research process

 apply ethical regulations for writing papers/thesis

Preparation for a professional career

Learning objectives

On completion of unit the student will be able to

 account for requirements and principles defining good leadership on various levels of an organization

 have a professional attitude to nurses’ leadership responsibilities in nursing

 understand cooperation principles in teamwork on various levels of an organization

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 develop and maintain own professional competence and contribute to critical development of discipline

 apply recognized principles for enhancing quality in discipline and organization

 carry out advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), basic first aid, and account for participation of nurse in catastrophic events in view of nurse responsibilities and community demands

 account for ways of realizing deacony in the health service

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Appendix

Overview of practical nursing procedures

- Students are tested in all of the following nursing procedures through a practice exam prior to clinical training

First year:

Bed-making with/without patient

Care of patient in bed with head-to-toe bath and private parts care Foot-care

Prepare food and assist patient at meals Oral care

Special oral care

Administration of enema

Manual monitoring of blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory frequency Administration of medical oxygen

Breathing exercise and mucus mobilizing coughing exercise Insertion of permanent urinary catheter, male/female

Removal of permanent urinary catheter, male/female Sterile intermittent catheterization, male/female

Hand-washing, use of sterile and non-sterile surgical gloves, use of /Sterile surgical clothing/sterile garb and aseptic techniques

Drug dosage calculation and handling of medication

First aid (thorax injuries, abdominal and pelvic injuries, head, neck and back injuries, fractures, burns)

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Second year

Blood transfusion Ward Esthetics

Moving/mobilizing stroke patient

Basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with defibrillation Hypovolemic shock

IV Infusion fluid (preparation and administration) Injections, subcutaneous and intramuscular Isolation/aseptic techniques

Oxygenation

Peripheral venous catheter

Pre-operation information, preparation and exercises Medical probes

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References

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