ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ : ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺍ , ﺹ ۵۵ ‐ ۴۹ , ۱۳۸۴ ﺄﺗ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﻴﺛ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺠﻴﻫﻻ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ١٣٨٢ ﻢﻳﺮﻣ ﻱﺮﻬﻄﻣ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﺴﻟﺍ * ﺷﺭﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻥﺎﺠﻴﻫﻻ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺄﻴﻫ ﻮﻀﻋ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪ ﻱﺯﺎﺠﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺄﻴﻫ ﻮﻀﻋ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻩﺎﺷ ﻦﻤﺳﺍﮊ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﻳﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﻱﺮﺘﻛﺩ – ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺋﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻱﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺄﻴﻫ ﻮﻀﻋ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﻱﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ : ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻝﺎـﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺮـﻴﺧﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺯ ﺮﻳﺬـﭘﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﺏﺎـﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ ﻱﺎـﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺍﺬﻟ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻼﺘﺑﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﻫﺍﺭ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻑﺪﻫ : ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ) ﻩﻭﺰﺟ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ( ﺰـﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﺵﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﻥﺍ ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ . ﺭﺎﻛ ﺵﻭﺭ : ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪﻤﻴﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ . ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ١٦٠ ﻥﺎـﺠﻴﻫﻻ ﺪـﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺍ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻱ ) ﺭﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺮﻫ ٨٠ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﺪﻧ . ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﻭﺎﺣ ﻱﺍ ٥٤ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺍﺆﺳ ٣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ،ﻚﻴﻓﺍﺮﮔﻮﻣﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ) ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ( ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ t ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻭ t ﺝﻭﺯ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ . ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ : ﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺞ ﺍﺩ ﺩﻮـﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻲـﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘـﺧﺍ ﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺖـﺷ ) ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ( ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ١٨ / ٣٥ ﻪﺑ ٧ / ٧٥ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ٨ / ٣٥ ﻪﺑ ٥١ / ٤٨ ﺖـﻓﺎﻳ ﺎـﻘﺗﺭﺍ . ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ) ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ( ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ) ٠٠١ / ٠ P< ( ﺖـﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ . ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ٣٨ / ١٧ ﻪﺑ ٧٨ / ٢٧ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ٣٦ / ١٥ ﻪﺑ ٦٨ / ١٨ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ . ﺔﺴـﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ،ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ) ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ( ﻭ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ) ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ( ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ . ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ : ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ) ﻩﻭﺰﺟ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ( ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﻱﺎـﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺮـﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸـﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ . ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺕﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻣ ﻭ ﻥﻭﺪﻣ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺮﺛﺆ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺪﻫﺩ . ﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﻩﮊﺍﻭ ﺎﻫ : ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ،ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ،ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ،ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ،ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ،ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ∗ ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ : ﻴﻫﻻ ﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻥﺎﺠ ﻲ • ﻦﻔﻠﺗ : ٣ – ٢٢٢٩٠٨١ – ٠١٤١ • ﺮﺑﺎﻤﻧ : ٢٢٢٨٧٠١ ‐ ٠١٤١ •E-mail: [email protected]
٤٨ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻝﺎـﺳ ﺎـﺗ ﺖـﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳﺩ ﻭ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ٢٠١٠ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑﺍﻭ ﹰﺍﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﻪـﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻱﺎـﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﺮـﮕﻧ ﻩﻮﻴـﺷ ﻭ ﻲﺘـﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺍﺩﺎـﻋ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻲﮔﺪـﻧﺯ ﻱﺎـﻫ . ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﻜﻳ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲ ﻡﺩﺮـﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻊﻴـﺳﻭ ﺡﻮﻄـﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻛ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻂـﻠﻏ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻋ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﺩﺩﺮـﮔ ) ١ .( ﻝﺎـﺳﺭﺩ ﺮـﻴﺧﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪـﺑ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺭﻮﻃ . ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴـﺑ ﺖـﺷﺬﮔ ﺎـﺑ ٢٠ ﺪﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﺪﻴﭘﺍ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺮـﺤﺑ ﻚﻳ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺯ ﻥﻮﻴﻠﻴﻣ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺪﻤﻋ ﺮـﻔﻧ ﺎـﻫ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻥﺍﻮﻔﻨﻋ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ،ﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻒﻴﻌﻀﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺪﺸﻛ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺮﻘﻓ ﻭ ﻲﮕﺘﺨﻴﺴﮔ ﻢﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮـﻴﻠﻴﻣ ﻥﺪـﺷ ﻢﻴﺘﻳ ،ﺎﻫ ﺎـﻫ ﻲﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺖـﻓﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻲﮔﺪـﻧﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻣﺍ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻙﺩﻮﻛ ﺖﻠﻣ ﻲﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻳﺪﻬﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺪ ﺪـﻨﻛ ) ٢ .( ﺯﺍ ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ ﻱﺎـﻫﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻖـﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺐـﻠﻏﺍ ﻱﺭﺎـﻤﻴﺑ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻪـﻛ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﻲـﻣ ﺐﺴﻛ ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻲـﻣ ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ،ﺩﻮـﺷ ﺪـﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻼﺘـﺑﺍ ﺪـﻳﺪﺟ ﺩﺭﺍﻮـﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸـﻴﭘ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ) ١ .( ﻥﺎـﻬﺟ ﺮـﺳﺍﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪـﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻥﺎـﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺖـﻳﺮﺜﻛﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺍ ٢٤ ـ ١٥ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻟﺎـﺳ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺖﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﻭ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻂﻠﻏ ﻲـﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻴﻧﺩ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻥﺁ ﺍﺭﺍ ،ﺪـﻨﻫﺩ ـﺋ ﻪ ﺕﺭﺎﻬﻣ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ،ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﻼﻜﺸــﻣ ﻊــﻓﺭ ﺐــﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﺴــﻧﺍ ﺕﺎــﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻍﻮﻠﺑ ﺖﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺪـﺷ ﺪـﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ) ٣ .( ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﻦﻴـﻤﻜﻳ ﻭ ﺖﺴـﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻦﺋﻭﮊ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺖﺴﺸﻧ ١٩٩٩ ﺖـﻟﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺪـﺷ ﺭﺍﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺎـﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﻤﻃﺍ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧ ٢٠٠٥ ﻞﻗﺍﺪـﺣ ٩٠ ﻝﺎــﺳ ﺎــﺗ ﻭ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ ٢٠١٠ ﻞﻗﺍﺪــﺣ ٩٥ ﻥﺎــﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ ٢٤ _ ١٥ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺷﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺪﻧﺍ ) ١ .( ــﻧ ﺭﻮــﻈﻨﻣ ﻪــﺑ ،ﻡﺩﺮــﻣ ﻦﻴــﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎــﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺮﺸ ﻲﻣ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺭﺎـﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺻﺎﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﺩﺮـﮔ ﺭﺎـﺘﻓﺭ ﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ ) ٤ .( ﻥﺎﺸـﻧ ﺕﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﺪـﻳﺪﺟ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﺭﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﺋ ﻩﻮﻴـﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﺎـﺑ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺵﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺶ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ) ٩ ‐ ٥ .( ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺎﺘﺳﺍﺭ ﻱﺭﻮﻀـﺣﺮﻴﻏ ﻱﺎـﻫ ) ﺖﻠﻔﻤﭘ ،ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺰﺟ ،ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻲـﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎـﻫ (... ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻪﺘﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﻧﺍ ) ٨ ، ٧ .( ﻲﻣ ﻙﺭﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻙﺭﺎﭘ ﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ : ﻪـﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﻜﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻲ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻡﺩﺮـﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﻛ ﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺎﻬ ﻲﻣﻮـﻤﻋ ﻦﻛﺎـﻣﺍ ﺭﺩ ) ﻩﺎﮕﺸــﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺱﺭﺍﺪــﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎــﻣﺭﺩ ،ﻲﺘــﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺰــﻛﺍﺮﻣ ،ﺎــﻫ (... ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ) ١٠ .( ،ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻝﺎـﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﺞﻳﻭﺮﺗ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺍ ، ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪ ﻲـﻣ ﻩﺩﺮـﺑ ﺭﺎـﻛ ﺪﻧﻮـﺷ ) ١١ .( ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺘـﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻱﺎـﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻳﺩ _ ﺮـﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸـﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻴﻨﺷ ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﻪـﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎـﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺵﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﻱﺎﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻮﻀﺣﺮﻴﻏ ﻱﺎﻫ ) ٨ ، ٧ .( ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻝﻭﺍﺪﺘﻣ ﻲـﻣ ﻪـﻛ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺪـﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻚـﻳ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒﺴـﻧ ﺮﻴﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺕﺮﻴﺼﺑ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻪﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻱﻭ ﺎـﻳ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻥﺍﺮـﮕﻳﺩ ﺎـﺑ ﺚـﺤﺑ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩﺍﻭ . ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ _ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻴﻨـﺷ ) ،ﺪﻳﻼـﺳﺍ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻭ ﻲﻳﻮﻳﺪﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ (... ﻲـﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﺎـﺑ ﻩﺍﺮـﻤﻫ ﺪـﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺐـﻠﺟ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮـﻴﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﻪـﻗﻼﻋ ﻆـﻔﺣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺍﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺋ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪ ) ١٢ .( ﻳﺍ ،ﻕﻮﻓ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲـﻠﻛ ﻑﺪـﻫ ﺎـﺑ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ) ﻭ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻩﻭﺰﺟ ( ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻭ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ » ﺮـﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪـﺑ ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸـﻴﺑ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ « ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ، . ﺭﺎﻛ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲـﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪـﻤﻴﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ،ﺶ ﻭ ﻲـﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ . ﺔـﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺶﻫﻭﮋــﭘ ، ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸــﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺴــﭘ ﻭ ﺮــﺘﺧﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸــﻧﺍﺩ ﻪــﻴﻠﻛ
٤٩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﺠﻴﻫﻻ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺪـﻌﺗ ١٦٠ ﻥﺎـﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺮـﻔﻧ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ) ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺮﻫ ٨٠ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺍ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ . ﺍﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﻲـﻨﻓ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻧ ـ ﻲـﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ) ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ( ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻭ ) ﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ( ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺪﻜﺸـﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺍﺰﺠﻣ ﺖﻠﻋ ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ ﺏﺎـﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺎـﻫ . ﻞﻴﺼـﺤﺗ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺲﭙﺳ ) ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ،ﻡﻭﺩ ( ﻪﺑ ٤ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻭ ﻢﻴﺴـﻘﺗ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺮـﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺎـﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﻲﻓﺩﺎﺼﺗ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ ﺏﺎـﺨﺘ . ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺎﺗ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺪـﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪـﻳﺪﻧ ﺎﻀـﻋﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻱ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻢﻴﺗ ـ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ . ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻱﻭﺎـﺣ ﻱﺍ ٥٤ ﻝﺍﺆـﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ٣ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﺶﺨﺑ . ﻱﻭﺎـﺣ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺶـﺨﺑ ٥ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺍﺆـﺳ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺶــﺨﺑ ،ﻱﺩﺮــﻓ ﺕﺎﺼــﺨﺸﻣ ﻪــﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻱﺍ ٣٩ ﻝﺍﺆــﺳ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﻪﺳ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻱﺍ ) ﻲـﻤﻧ ،ﻂـﻠﻏ ،ﺢﻴﺤـﺻ ﻢـﻧﺍﺩ ( ﺓﺭﺎـﺑ ﺭﺩ ،ﻢــﻳﻼﻋ ،ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸــﻴﭘ ،ﻝﺎــﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻩﺍﺭ ،ﺖــﻴﻫﺎﻣ ،ﻱﮊﻮﻟﻮﻴﻣﺪــﻴﭘﺍ ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ ﻡﻮـﺳ ﺶـﺨﺑ ﻭ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ١٠ ﻝﺍﺆـﺳ ﺱﺎــﻴﻘﻣ ﺱﺎــﺳﺍ ﺮــﺑ ﺵﺮــﮕﻧ ٥ ﻪــﺟﺭﺩ ﺕﺮــﻜﻴﻟ ﻱﺍ ) ﹰﻼﻣﺎــﻛ ﻢﻔﻟﺎـﺨﻣ ﹰﻼﻣﺎـﻛ ﻭ ﻢﻔﻟﺎـﺨﻣ ،ﻡﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﻱﺮﻈﻧ ،ﻢﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ،ﻢﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ( ﺩﻮﺑ . ﭘ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺓﺮـﻤﻧ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﺕﻻﺍﺆـﺳ ﺢﻴﺤـﺻ ﺦﺳﺎ ٢ ﻪـﺑ ﻭ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻭ ﻂﻠﻏ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺮﻔﺻ ﺓﺮﻤﻧ ﻢﻧﺍﺩ . ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺮـﻤﻧ ﻢﻔﻟﺎـﺨﻣ ﹰﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺎﺗ ﻢﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ﹰﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺕﻻﺍﺆﺳ ﻱﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ٠ ﺎﺗ ٤ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻖﻠﻌﺗ . ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﻻﺍﺆﺳ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ٧٨ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺕﻻﺍﺆﺳ ﻭ ٤٠ ﺩﻮﺑ . ﺯﺍ ﺍﻮـﺘﺤﻣ ﻲـﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺍﺰـﺑﺍ ﻲـﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﻃ ﻭ ﺪـﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ ﻩﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻖﻳ ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ) ﺐﻳﺮـﺿ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻭﺩ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ٩٥ / ٠ ﺩﻮـﺑ .( ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﺩﺍﺮـﻓﺍ ﺪﻧﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ . ﻩﺭﺎـﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻓﺎـﻛ ﺕﺎﺤﻴـﺿﻮﺗ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺖﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﻭ ﻅﻮــﻔﺤﻣ ﻪــﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕﺎــﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪــﻛ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎــﻨﻴﻤﻃﺍ ﻥﺎــﻧﺁ ﻪــﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻛﺮـﺷ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺎﻳ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺤﻣ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ،ﻥﺁ ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ . ﺮـﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭙﺳ ﺪﻣﺁ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺗﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ . ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻱﺎﻫﺪـﺣﺍﻭ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻫﻭﮋـﭘ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ . ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﺶﻳﺎـﻤﻧ ﺎـﺑ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻳﻮﻳﺪﻳﻭ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﺋ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲـﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻩﻭﺰﺟ ﻪ ﻚـﻳ ﻪﺴـﻠﺟ ﻪـﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻪﺘﻋﺎﺳ ﻲﻣﻼـﺳﺍ ﻑﺭﺎـﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎـﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﻩﺪﻜﺸـﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﻭﺮﻫﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺐﺼﻧ ﺪ . ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻉﻮـﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ) ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ( ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻊﻠﻄﻣ . ﻱﺍﻮـﺘﺤﻣ ﻪـﻛ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺪﺷ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻥﺎﺴﻜﻳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ . ﺯﺍ ﺲـﭘ ٢٠ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸـﺳﺮﭘ ﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ،ﺯﻭﺭ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ . ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻩﻭﺰﺟ ﻚﻳ ﺮﺘﺳ ﺎـﺗ ﺰـﻴﻧ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ٢٠ ﻞـﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﺯﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺘـﺳﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻲﺘﺻﺮﻓ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﺐﺼﻧ ﻪـﺑ ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻲﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ . ﻭ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻡﺮـﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺍﺰـﻓﺍ Spss ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﺎـﺑ ﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ t ﻭ ﺝﻭﺯ t ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ . ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻨﺳ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ٨ / ٢١ ﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻭ ٢ / ٢١ ﻭ ﺩﻮـﺑ ٦ / ٥٢ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ٥٠ ﺪـﺻﺭﺩ ﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﻛﺬﻣ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻳﺮﺜﻛﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺮـﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨــﺳ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻭﺩ ) ٨ / ٨٨ ﺪــﺻﺭﺩ ( ﺮﺘــﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ، ) ٥ / ٨٧ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ( ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﻫ . ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ،ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ) ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ± ( ﺯﺍ ﻞـﺒﻗ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ١٨ / ٣٥ ) ٣٩ / ٨ ± ( ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ٧ / ٧٥ ) ٦ / ٢ ± ( ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ٨ / ٣٥ ) ٣٤ / ١١ ± ( ﺲﭘ ﻭ ــﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺯﻮ ٥١ / ٤٨ ) ٩ / ١٠ ± ( ﺩﻮــﺑ . ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ ﺞﻳﺎــﺘﻧ t ﺝﻭﺯ ﻲــﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘــﺧﺍ ﻱﺭﺎــﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩ ) ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ( ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎــﻴﻣ ﻦﻴــﺑ
٥٠ ﺍﺭ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺮـﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ . ) ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ١ .( ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ،ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ) ﻑﺍﺮـﺤﻧﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ± ( ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞـﺒﻗ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ۳۸ / ۱۷ ) ۲ / ۶ ± ( ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ۷۸ / ۲۷ ) ۲۵ / ۵ ± ( ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮـﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞـﺒﻗ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ۳۶ / ۱۵ ) ۸۶ / ۵ ± ( ﺯﺍ ﺲـﭘ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ۶۸ / ۱۸ ) ۶ ± ( ﺩﻮـﺑ . ﻥﻮـﻣﺯﺁ ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ t ﺩﻮـﺟﻭ ﺝﻭﺯ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ) ۰۰۱ / ۰ < P ( ﻭ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ) ۰۰۰۱ / ۰ < P ( ﻧ ﺸ ﺩ ﻥﺎ ﺩﺍ ) . ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۲ ( ﻭﺩ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ،ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪـﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻥﻮــﻣﺯﺁ t ﻲــﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘــﺧﺍ ﺩﻮــﺟﻭ ﺰــﻴﻧ ﻞﻘﺘﺴــﻣ ﻱﺭﺎــﻣﺁ ﺭﺍﺩ ) ۰۰۰۱ / ۰ < P ( ﺵﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﺸﻧ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥ ) ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۳ ( . ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ١ : ﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺴﻳ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ t ﺝﻭﺯ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ١٨ / ٣٥ ٣٩ / ٨ ٧ / ٧٥ ٦ / ٢ ٠٠٠١ / ٠ < P ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ٨ / ٣٥ ٣٤ / ١١ ٥١ / ٤٨ ٩ / ١٠ ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٢ : ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ t ﺝﻭﺯ ﻨﺨﺳ ﻲﻧﺍﺮ ٣٨ / ١٧ ٢ / ٦ ٧٨ / ٢٧ ٢٥ / ٥ ٠٠١ / ٠ < P ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ٣٦ / ١٥ ٨٦ / ٥ ٦٨ / ١٨ ٦ ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٣ : ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺕﺍﺮﻤﻧ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺤﻧﺍ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ t ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ٥١ / ٤٠ ٥٥ / ٨ ٩٢ / ١٢ ٠١ / ١٠ ٠٠٠١ / ٠ P< ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ٤ / ١٠ ٠٦ / ٥ ٣٢ / ٣ ٢١ / ٤ ٠٠٠١ / ۰ < P
٥١ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺵﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﺕﺍﺮـﻤﻧ ﺢﻄـﺳ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻦﻴﺋﺎﭘ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ . ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑﺎﺸـﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺮـﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺓﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲـﻔﻨﻣ ﺵ ﻲﻣ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) ١٥ ـ ١٣ .( ﻪـﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﺪـﻴﭘﺍ ﺖﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁﺎﻧ ﺀﻮﺳ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﺖـﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺰﺋﺎـﺣ ﻪـﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎـﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻲـﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ . ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪـﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ) ﻲـﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻩﻭﺰـﺟ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻴـﻓ ﻩﺍﺮـﻤﻫ ﻪـﺑ ( ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ . ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺖـﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻝﻭﺍﺪﺘﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺮﮔﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ _ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻩﺍﺮـﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻴﻨﺷ ﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪ ﻲﻣ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪـﺑ ﻱﺪﻨﻤﻗﻼﻋ ﻭ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺪـﻨﻫﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ) ١٢ .( ﻲـﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺪـﺣﺍ ﺪﺴـﻳﻮﻧ : ﻪـﺑ ﺭ ﻚــﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮــﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﻮــﻈﻨﻣ ،ﺏﻮــﻠﻄﻣ ﻲــﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺵﻭ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻲﻳﻮﻳﺪﻳﻭ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﺶﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻛﺮﺤﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﻱﻮﺤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺪﻳﺁ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻥﺍﺮﻴﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺩﺮﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻮﺼﻣ ) ١٦ .( ﻲﺑﺍﺮﺗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ) ٦ ( ﻮـﻛﺍﻭﻮﻳ ﻭ ) uwakwe ( ﺰـﻴﻧ ﺍ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻳﻮﻳﺪﻳﻭ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺶﻳﺍﺰـﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ ﭘ ﺪﺷ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺂ ) ٩ ( . ﻚـﻳ ﻥﺍﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ،ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﺭﺎﺸـﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺪﻨــﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘــﺷﺍﺩ ﻡﺩﺮــﻣ ﺭﺎﺸــﻗﺍ ﻦﻴــﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎــﻋﻼﻃﺍ . ﺮﺟﺎــﻬﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺴﻳﻮﻧ : ﻡﺎﻴﭘ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﻪـﺑ ﻲﺘـﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺪــﻨﻨﻴﺑ ﺪــﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻱﺮﺛﺆــﻣ ﺶــﻘﻧ ،ﻥﺎــﻣﺯ ﻞﻗﺍﺪــﺣ ﺭﺩ ) ١٧ .( ﺭﺩ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ،ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ . ﻲﻧﺎﺸﻓﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ) ٧ ( ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﻪـﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﺘـﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰـﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ . ﻪـﺘﻜﻧ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﻪـﺘﺒﻟﺍ ﻨﺨــﺳ ﻪــﻛ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺖــﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺰﺋﺎــﺣ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻲــﻜﻳ ﻲﻧﺍﺮ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻭ ﺕﺮﻴﺼﺑ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﺻﺮﻓ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻴﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﺚـﺤﺑ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ،ﺮﻜﻔﺗ ،ﺮﻈﻧ ﻭ ﻝﺩﺎﺒﺗ .... ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ﺎﻣﺍ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ،ﻲﺘـﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻊﻳﺮـﺳ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻞﻳﺎﺳﻭ ﻲـﻤﻧ ﺍﺬﻟ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻕﻮﻓ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺕﺍﺮـﺛﺍ ﺪـﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺪــﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺩﺎــﺠﻳﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨــﺳ ﺏﻮــﻠﻄﻣ . ﻙﺭﺎــﭘ ﻭ ﻙﺭﺎــﭘ ﻲــﻣ ﺪﻨﺴــﻳﻮﻧ : ﺵﺯﻮــﻣﺁ ﻪﻧﺎــﺳﺭ ﻚــﻳ ﻥﺍﻮــﻨﻋ ﻪــﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘــﺳﻮﭘ ﺪﻧﺯﺎـﺳﺭﺎﻛ ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ ﻡﺩﺮـﻣ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺭ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﻥﻮﮔﺮﮔﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ) ١٠ .( ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺮـﻤﻧ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺕﺍﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ،ﺮﺘـﺳﻮﭘ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪـﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺰﺟ ﺪﺷ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺋ . ﻦﻣﺭﻮﻟ ﻮﻠﻳﺭﺎـﭘ ﻭ ) Lohrmann and parrillo ( ﻲﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﺴـﻳﻮﻧ : ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﻲﺴـﻨﺟ ﺮـﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪـﻛ ﻱﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﺠﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﻲﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺪﻧﺭﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺑ ) ١٨ ( ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺱﺍﺮﻫ ﻭ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭﺩ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻳﺩﻭﺮﻄﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦ ) ﻦﻳﺩﺎـﺘﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺯﺎﺑ ﺲﻨﺠﻤﻫ ( ﺮﺘﺸـﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺪﻨﻛ ) ١ .( ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖـﻠﻋ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺳﺭ ﺮﺘﺸـﻴﺑ ﺕﺍﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ،ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨـﺳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺖــﺳﺍ ﺮﺘــﺳﻮﭘ ﻩﻭﺮــﮔ ﻪــﺑ ﺖﺒﺴــﻧ ﻥﺎــﻧﺁ ﻲﻫﺎــﮔﺁ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎــﻴﻣ . ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎـﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰـﻴﻣ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﺪـﻧﺍ ﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺩﻮـﺟﻭ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴـﻣ ﻪـﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺯﺪـﻳ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ) ١٨ ، ١٤ ، ٩ ، ٦ ( ﺩﺎـﺠﻳﺍ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﻲـﻬﮔﺁ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﺩﻮﺷ . ﻪﻧﺎـﺳﺭ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪـﻤﻋ ﻊـﺒﻨﻣ ﻲـﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﺩﻮــﺑ ﺯﺪــﻳﺍ ﻪــﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸــﻧﺍﺩ ﺕﺎــﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺐﺴــﻛ . ﻱﺮــﺒﻃ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎــﺿﺮﻣﻼﻏ ) ١٣ ( ﺎﻴﻧﺍﻮــﺳﺎﻣ ) Maswanya ( ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺎــﻜﻤﻫ ) ١٤ ( ،ﺪــﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪــﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺩﻮــﺧ ﻖــﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺰــﻴﻧ ﻪﻧﺎــﺳﺭ ﺖــﻳﺮﺜﻛﺍ ﺕﺎــﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺐﺴــﻛ ﻊــﺒﻨﻣ ﻲــﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ . ﻢﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺳﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
٥٢ ﻲﻣ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﺭﺎﺸﻗﺍ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺮـﻣﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺍﺬﻟ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ ﻭ ﻢﺠﺴـﻨﻣ ،ﻲﻟﻮـﺻﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺎﺘﺳﺍﺭ ﺮـﺗ ﻤﻧ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﺪﻨﻳﺎ . ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﻜﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻴﺗ ﻱﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ _ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻪـﻓﺮﺣ ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻭ ﺩﻮـﺧ ﻱﺍ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻲـﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﻭ ﻢﻈﻨـﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪـﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻣﻼـﺳ ﻱﺎـﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺮﺸﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺵﻼــﺗ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴــﮔ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﺪــﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺯﺎــﻏﺁ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺮــﺗ . ﻭ ﺱﺭﺍﺪــﻣ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺻﺮﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻪـﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮـﺟﺍ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺀﺎـﻘﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻭ ﻩﮋـﻳﻭ ﺕﺎـﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﺯﺎـﻴﻧ ﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪـﺑ ﺍﺬـﻟ ،ﺪـﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮـﺧ ﺖـﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﻩﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻭ ﺵﺭﻭﺮﭘ ﻭ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻳﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺯﺪـﻳﺍ ﻪـﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺮﻴﺑﺩ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﺭ ﻩﺎﮕﺸـﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺎـﻫ ﺎـﻫ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ . ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
1. Stanhope M, Lancaster J.Foundations of community Health Nursing. St Louis: Mosby Co; 2002:
418-23. ۲ . ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻞﻛ ﺮﻴﺑﺩ . ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻊﻤﺠﻣ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﺱﻼﺟﺍ _ ﻪﻳﺭﻮﻓ ۲۰۰۱ . ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ : ﺮﻣ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺰﻛ ؛ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎ ۱۳۸۰ : ۳۸ ‐ ۳۵ .
3. Bruntland G H.Conference on AIDS Barcelona 7-12 Julay 2002.
4. http://www.unaids.org/barcelona %20 report/chapter 4.html 2002.
5. Kozier B, Erb Fundamentals of Nursing: concepts, process and practice. 6th ed. London: Prentice Hall,
Inc; 2000:124.
6. Evans A E. Valois P, Godin G. Computer Assisted instruction in HIV prevention: An effective
instructional method for HIV prevention education. J Adolecent Health. 2000; 26 (4): 244-51.
7. Torabi MR. Crowe JW, Rhine s , Daniels DE, Jeng I. Evaluation of HIV/AIDS education in Russia:
using video approach. Jornal of school Health. 2000; 70(6) 226-33.
۸ . ﻼﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﺸﻓﺍ . ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺍﺮﻓﺩﻮﺧ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻨﺨﺳ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻱﺍ ) ﺮﺘﺳﻮﭘ ( ﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻏﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑﺍﻭ . ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ . ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ : ؛ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ۱۳۷۳ : ۸۴ . ۹ . ﺩﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻛﻭ . ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻱﺍ ﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣﺮﻴﻏ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺵﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻘﺳ ﺭﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻴﭘ . ﻥﺎﺠﻧﺯ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ . ۱۳۷۶ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﻝﺎﺳ ؛ ۲۰ : ۴۹ ‐ ۴۵ .
10. Uwakwe CB. Systematized HIV/AIDS education for students nurse at the university of Ibadan,
Nigeria: Impact on knowledge, attitudes and compliance with universal precautions. Jornal of Advanced Nursing. 2000; 32(2): 416-24. ۱۱ . ﺎﭘ ،ﻱﺍ ﻲﺟ ﻙﺭﺎﭘ ﺭ ﻙ ﻙ . ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ . ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ : ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﻋﺎﺠﺷ . ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ : ﻁﺎﻤﺳ : ۱۳۸۰ – ۱۲۰ . ۱۲ . ﺖﺠﺣ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻱﺪﻴﺷﺭ . ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻭ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﮊﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ . ﻣ ﺍ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺖﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﻠﺠ ... ) ﺞﻋ .( ۱۳۸۱ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻡﻭﺩ ﻝﺎﺳ ؛ ۵ : ۵۲ ‐ ۴۵ .
٥٣ ۱۳ . ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻴﻤﺣ ﻪﺘﺳﺍﺭﺁ . ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ) ۲ .( ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ : ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ؛ﻲﻟﺎﻋ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ ۱۳۸۰ : ۶ ‐ ۲ . ۱۴ . ﻝﻮﺳﺭ ﻱﺮﺒﻃ ،ﻡﺍﺮﻬﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﺿﺮﻣﻼﻏ . ﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺷﺭ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕ . ﺖﺌﻴﻫ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﻲﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺡﺮﻃ ؛ﺖﺷﺭ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ۱۳۶۷ : ۵۸ ‐ ۵۵ .
15. Maswanya E. Moji K, Aoyagi K, yahata Y, Kusano Y, Nagata K, Izumi T and Takemoto T.
Knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS among femal college students in Nagasaki, Japan. Jornal of Health Education Research. 2000; 15(1): 5-11.
16. Hancok Trishia, Mikhail Blanche I, Santos Aileen, guyen Hoanglan, Nguyen Hoanglan, Bright
Douglas. A comparison of HIV/AIDS knowledge among High school freshman and senior students. Jornal of Community Health. 1999; 16(3): 151-63.
۱۷ . ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺪﺣﺍ . ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﮊﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ . ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ : ؛ﻱﺮﺸﺑ ۱۳۸۰ : ۷۳ . ۱۸ . ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺗ ﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ . ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ . ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ : ؛ﻲﻤﻟﺎﺳ ۱۳۸۰ : ۱۱۵ .
19. Lohrmann DK, Blake S, Collins T, Windsor R, Parrillo AV. Evaluation of school based HIV
