Name _______________________________________ Period________________________Date_______________
__
30
The Reagan Revolution and
the End of the Cold War
1980-2001
Part I: Checking Your Progress
A. True-False
Where the statement is true, mark T. Where it is false, mark F.
__ 1. Ronald Reagan gave a powerful speech supporting the presidential nomination of archconservative Al Gore.
__ 2. The Religious Right supported divorce, abortion, premarital sex, and feminism.
__ 3. The Republican party received more corporate financial support than the Democrats in the election of 1980.
__ 4. The core of the Republican Party consisted mainly of blue collar workers and minorities in the late twentieth century.
__ 5. Ronald Reagan’s presidential goals included curbing the powers of big government.
__ 6. According to the policies of “Reaganomics”, lowering the supply of available goods would boost the economy.
__ 7. The tax cuts of the Reagan era benefited the upper class and business the most.
__ 8. In an attempt to balance the budget, the Republicans decreased military spending during the Reagan administration.
__ 9. The ideology of social welfare liberalism was strengthened during the presidency of Ronald Reagan. __ 10. Ronald Reagan reelection campaign focused on his success in revitalizing the economy during his first
term in office.
__ 11. All of Reagan’s judicial appointments to the Supreme Court were genuinely conservative.
__ 12. Communism in the Soviet Union fell due to poor economic conditions and low standards of living among its population.
__ 13. Liberal politicians advanced the cause of racial equality in the United States by linking the campaign for African American rights to the diplomatic competition with the Soviet Union in the Third World.
__ 14. The claim that the Supreme Court had turned from liberal to conservative in 1989 was supported fully by the decision in the Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania vs. Casey case.
__ 15. The economic policies and federal deficit spending of Ronald Reagan contributed to many of the political problems faced by George H.W Bush.
__ 16. The United States supported Saddam Hussein and Iraq in the Gulf War because they were opposed to Iran, an enemy of the US, providing Iraq with weapons.
__ 17. George H.W Bush lost his reelection bid due to the weak economy and the tax rises of his initial presidency.
__ 18. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was likely to be opposed by large manufacturers. __ 19. Bill Clinton was impeached for committing sexual harassment towards Paula Jones, and then denying it
under oath.
__ 20. President Clinton was more successful in mediating peace between Jews and Arabs in the Middle East than his predecessors.
B. Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the proper letter in the space provided. __ 21. Conservativism gained popularity in the 1960’s and 1970’s due to
a. The decline in national moral values.
b. A stagnate economy, a failed war in Vietnam, and an expanded federal regulation state. c. Rising support fir racial equality.
d. The election of Barry Goldwater as president in 1964.
__ 22. What was the name of the political group that was a champion of a faith based political agenda? a. Religious Right
b. Democratic liberals c. Moral majority d. NATO
__ 23. President Jimmy Carter’s decline in popularity was caused by
a. Stagnant wages, high inflation, crippling mortgage rates, and high unemployment. b. Excessive military expenses.
c. Scandals within his political party. d. His decisions regarding foreign affairs. __ 24. Reagan Democrats were
a. a group of politicians opposed to Reagan’s radical policies.
b. An organization of citizens concerned over the preservation of democracy.
c. Former Democrats that joined the Republican cause, mainly southern whites who opposed civil rights legislation and other liberal policies.
d. Dissenters of the Democratic Party who wanted to establish a new political party. __ 25. Which statement best describes Ronald Reagan’s goals as president?
b. “Read my lips: No New Taxes.”
c. “Americans are conservative. What the want to conserve is the New Deal.” d. “Government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem.” __ 26. “Supply-side economics
a. made cuts in social security and Medicare.
b. Emphasized the need to increase investment in productive enterprise.
c. Cut spending programs for food stamps, unemployment compensation, and welfare assistance. d. Increased military spending.
__ 27. For what reason did Reagan receive the most criticism in regards to the “Reagan Revolution”? a. his failure to scale back big government and the welfare state.
b. His dramatic increase in defense spending. c. His tax cuts.
d. His devious criminal acts during his time as an actor. __ 28. James Watt was an outspoken conservative who headed the
a. Sierra Club
b. Department of the Interior c. Environmental Protection Agency
d. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. __ 29. The Iran-Contra affair resulted in
a. The Persian Gulf War
b. New American foreign affair policies.
c. The damage of President Reagan’s historical reputation. d. A Democratic victory in the upcoming election.
__ 30. What was Reagan’s most significant institutional legacy. a. Ronald Reagan’s curbing of the welfare state.
b. His conservative judicial appointments. c. His increases in defense spending. d. His tax cuts.
__ 31. What weaknesses of the Communist regime in the Soviet Union led to the fall of Communism in Russia.? a. The weak economy and poor living standards.
b. The failures of Russian nuclear projects.
c. The fact that the Soviets fell behind the United States in space technology. d. The fall of the Roman Catholic Church in Russia.
__ 32. George H.W. Bush claimed all of the following about Democratic candidate Dukakis except a. He was a card carrying member of the American Civil Liberties Union.
b. He was soft on crime.
c. His state had released a prisoner who later raped a woman while the state was under his watch. d. He had extramarital affairs with Monica Lewinsky.
__ 33. The ___________________ symbolized the end of communist rule in central Europe a. the rise of the Russian republic
b. The fall of Nikita Krushchev as leader of the USSR. c. The destruction of the Berlin Wall.
d. The break up of the communist party in the USSR
__ 34. The Roe vs. Wade court case stated that…
a. Women had the constitutional right to controlling their bodies.
b. The authority of state governments to limit use of public funds and facilities for abortion was upheld. c. Abortions were legal throughout the US
d. A 24 hour waiting period prior to an abortion was required.
__ 35. Bush’s main political problems stemmed from all the following except a. The huge federal deficit
b. His tax increases c. His foreign policy
d. A lack of federal response to the economic recession
__ 36. All of the following were peacekeeping efforts by the US in the Middle East except
a. American diplomats stepped up their efforts to persuade the PLO and Arab nations to accept the legitimacy of Israel.
b. Diplomats tried to convince the Israelites to allow the creation of a Palestinian state. c. The US dispatched an American military force as peacekeepers.
d. The US created an organization to help refugees from the Middle East reach America. __ 37. The conclusion of the Cold War brought forth
a. The end of communism throughout the world b. An era of peace
c. The establishment of the Russian republic d. A period of foreign seclusion by the US
__ 38. Even though the Democrats won the election of 1992, an unpromising future lay ahead of them a. the Republicans controlled both houses of Congress
b. America had a divided government
c. Clinton was supported by a minority of voters and was opposed by many political enemies d. Of the issue of terrorism
__ 39. All these factors led to Clinton’s reelection in 1996 except a. the electoral disaster 1994
b. Bob Dole’s lack of charisma and innovative policies. c. The continuing strength of the economy.
d. His image as a moderate in endorsing welfare reform __ 40. The terrorist group Al Qaeda, led by Osama Bin Laden
a. Set off a bomb in the World trade Center in 1993. b. Assassinated Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin c. Staged armed insurgencies in Russia and China
d. The assassination of over one hundred women and children in Kazakhstan.
C. Identification
___________ 41. Televangelist who founded the Moral Majority committed to promoting “family values” ___________ 42. Theory of economics that emphasized the need to increase investment in productive enterprises ___________ 43. Reagan’s ambitious weapons plan that would detect and destroy incoming ballistic missiles ___________ 44. Scandal during Reagan’s second term that involved negotiating with an “outlaw state” for the
release of hostages
___________ 45. The first woman appointed to the Supreme Court ___________ 46. Soviet leader who advocated glasnost and perestroika
___________ 47. Organization of eleven nations formerly part of the Soviet Union
___________ 48. Landmark Supreme Court case that declared that women had a constitutional right to control their bodies with respect to abortion
___________ 49. African American appointee to the Supreme Court, whose nomination was overshadowed by accusations of sexual harassment
___________ 50. Legislative act that cut government programs in 1991 to balance the budget deficit ___________ 51. Middle Eastern group that was targeted in the United States’ supported Israeli invasion of
Lebanon
___________ 52.Middle Eastern nation that was invaded by Iraq in August, 1990. ___________ 53.Independent candidate of the 1992 presidential election
___________ 54. An arrangement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada that established a more open source of trade between the nations
___________ 55.Controversial deal that involved Bill Clinton in a fraudulent Arkansas real estate deal
___________ 56. Campaign supported by Newt Gingrich and Republicans, and promised significant tax cuts and reductions in welfare and other entitlement programs
___________ 57.Republican candidate of the 1996 presidential election
___________ 58. Consequence of the sex scandal in which President Bill Clinton was allegedly involved in his second term
___________ 59. Nations where the United States sent peacekeeping forces to in the early 1990’s
___________ 60. Radical Muslim organization that was responsible for the 2000 bombing of the USS Cole
D. Matching People, Places, and Events
Match the person, place, or event in the left column with the proper description in the right column by inserting the correct letter on the blank line.
___ 61.Saddam Hussein A. Aggressive conservative from Georgia who became the Speaker of the House in 1994
universal health insurance and a reduction of the Republican budget deficit
___ 63.Newt Gingrich C. Went to war in 1990 to expand Iraq’s boundaries
___ 64.supply side D. The leader of the revolutionary Islamic government of Iran ___ 65.David Stockman E. African American Conservative with little judicial experience or
legal expertise ___ 66.Sandra Day O’Connor
F. A black law professor who was sexually harassed by a judge of the
___ 67.James Watt Supreme Court
___ 68.Geraldine Ferraro G. A man of intelligence, courage and ambition that won the Republican nomination in 1988
___ 69.George H. W. Bush
H. Russian leader who recognized the need for internal economic ___ 70.Strategic Defense Initiative reform, technological progress, and an end to the Afghanistan war ___ 71.glasnost and perestroika I. Polices of openness and economic restructuring
___ 72.Clarence Thomas J. Wealthy Saudi exile who organized a network of terrorists knows as Al Qaeda
___ 73.Mikhail Gorbachev
K. The first woman to serve on the Supreme Court ___ 74.Oliver North
L. A lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Marines and an aide to the National ___ 75.Osama bin Laden Security Council
___ 76.Anita Hall M. The first woman to run on the presidential ticket of a major political party
___ 77.Ayatollah Khomein
N. An outspoken conservative who headed up the Department of the
___ 78.Religious Right Interior
___ 79.Bill Clinton O. A system of laser-equipped satellites that would detect and destroy incoming ballistic missiles carrying atomic weapons
___ 80.Jimmy Carter
P. President’s budget director who hoped to match the sizable reduction in tax revenue with a comparable cutback in federal expenditures Q. A theory that emphasized the need to increase investment in productive enterprises
R. Democrat nominee in the 1980 election who’s sinking popularity doomed his campaign
S. Conservative group that condemned divorce, abortion, premarital sex, and feminism
T. A former White House intern who had a sexual affair with the president
E. Matching Cause and Effect
Match the historical cause in the left column with the proper effect in the right column by writing the correct letter on the blank line
Cause
___ 81. A stagnating economy, the failed war in Vietnam, and an expanded federal regulatory state
___ 82. Reagan’s desire to roll back the expanded liberal state and reform the economy ___ 83. Saddam Hussein’s desire to expand Iraq’s
borders
___ 84. Ronald Reagan’s administration’s increase of the budget deficit
___ 85. Reagan’s increase of defense spending ___ 86. The Iran-Contra affair
___ 87. A high unemployment rate, stagnant wages, and high inflation in the 1970’s
___ 88. Reagan’s administration supported Israel’s invasion of Lebanon
___ 89. Reagan’s appointment of conservative Supreme Court judges
___ 90. Clinton’s attempt to provide a universal health care system
___ 91. George H.W. Bush’s approval of NAFTA ___ 92. Gorbachev’s policies of glasnost and
perestroika
___ 93. The nomination of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court
___ 94. American peacekeeping attempts in Somalia ___ 95. Slobodan Milosevic’s campaign of “ethnic
cleansing” in former Yugoslavia
___ 96. A Jewish religious fanatic assassinated Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin
___ 97. Terrorist groups condemned the United States as the main agent of economic globalization and cultural imperialism
Effect
A. Caused most of the economic problems of George H.W. Bush
B. Forced American military to dispatch “peacekeepers” to help Israel
C. Led to the disapproval of labor unions and environmentalists
D. Caused the decline in liberalism and the rise of conservative-ism by the mid 1970’s
E. Led to the prosecution of Colonel North, but did not greatly harm the image of Ronald Reagan F. Placed increased pressure on the Soviet Union
militarily and the heightened the arms race G. Weakened the rigid institutions of the Soviet
Union and reduced tensions with the United States
H. Caused the Gulf War of 1990-1991
I. Led to new Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu reverting to a hard line policy against the Palestinians
J. Led to United States and NATO intervention and a bombing campaign
K. Led to increased terrorist attacks against the United States and its possessions
L. Reagan won congressional approval of the Economic Recovery Tax Act
M. The violence that resulted in the deaths of eighteen American soldiers resulted in a gradual pullout from the country
N. Led to a skyrocketing national debt
O. Caused the approval rating of Jimmy Carter to sink to 21%
P. Would force employers to cover most of the cost of health care, and led to the termination of such a plan
___ 98. Republicans had control of the Senate and Reagan’s popularity rose after an assassination attempt
___ 99. The combination of lower taxes and higher defense spending
___ 100. Paul Volker’s tight money policy that raised interest rates dramatically
Q. Caused an economic recession that put some ten million Americans out of work
R. Led to mostly conservative Supreme Court decisions during Reagan’s term
S. Led to the enforcement of “Reaganomics” and “supply-side” policies
T. Caused a controversy involved with sexual harassment, but was approved by a Senate vote adhering to party lines
Answer Key 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. T 16. F 17. T 18. F 19. F 20. F 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. C 39. A 40. D
41. Jerry Fallwell
42. Supply side economics
43. Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) or “Star Wars”
44. Iran Contra Scandal 45. Sandra Day o’ Connor 46. Mikhail Gorbachev
47. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
48. Roe v. Wade 49. Clarence Thomas 50. Gramm-Rudman Act
51. Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
52. Kuwait 53. H. Ross Perot
54. NAFTA 55. “Whitewater”
56. “Contract with America” 57. Bob Dole
58. Impeachment 59. Somalia and Haiti 60. Al Qaeda 61. C 62. T 63. A 64. Q 65. P 66. K 67. N 68. M 69. G 70. O 71. I 72. E 73. H 74. L 75. J 76. F 77. D 78. S 79. B 80. R 81. D 82. S 83. H 84. A 85. F 86. E 87. O 88. B 89. R 90. P 91. C 92. G 93. T 94. M 95. J 96. I 97. K 98. L 99. N 100.Q
