Unit Two
Goals of Design
&
Definitions of Design
a way of organizing everything around
you so that it:
– works better – looks better
– suits your lifestyle
using the elements & principles to
Introduction
A well-designed home provides a
pleasant atmosphere.
It is both attractive and functional.
The study of design may be divided into
three main areas:
Structural Design
underscores the use
Decorative Design
focuses on beauty
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Goals of Design
The elements and principles of design
are the ingredients for meeting design
goals.
The goals of design are:
– appropriateness
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Appropriateness
Design should address the intended
function.
– Example: Living room furnishings should encourage relaxing, conversing, and
entertaining.
Design should address the family's
lifestyle.
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Appropriateness
The furniture and
accessories in this room are
appropriate for conversing and entertaining.
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Harmony, Variety, and Unity
In design,
harmony
is an agreement
among the parts.
Harmony results from combining unity
and variety.
– Unity in design is the appearance of all parts seeming to belong together.
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Harmony in Design
This design idea was executed by repeating
similar shapes and forms.
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Unity in Design
Repeating certain architectural elements
creates unity in this exterior design.
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Function
The saying
form follows function
is a
guideline for good design.
In design,
function
refers to the intended
use or purpose of a structure, room, or
object.
Function should be the primary
Line
outlines form
conveys a sense of
direction or movement
create optical
illusions
create feelings
types
Vertical
makes space
appear taller
implies action
& power
ex: doorways,
Horizontal
Makes space
appear wider
gives a restful
feeling
ex: tables, long
Diagonal
makes eye
move upward
feels dramatic
ex: vaulted
Di
ag
Curved
Makes space
look graceful
mimics lines
found in nature
ex: tie-back
Form
describes the shape
and structure of solid objects
forms are
3-dimensional
five rules of form
Rules
– fit function (Wright) – variations in form
help make the room interesting
– provide stability – provide instability
Form
Variations in
form make a room
Form
related forms
also go
together, for a
well-planned look
similar lines
Form
Form fits
function when an object’s
design makes it useful or
helps it meet its main
Form
Forms can
be stable, or bottom-heavy;
Form
Forms can
also be
unstable, or top-heavy;
Space
area or volume
taken up by an object
how you feel about
a room is based on perception of space
goal of dividing
space is to give a particular feeling
types of space
– positive space = occupied
Space
Some large
spaces leave us feeling
Space
Other large
spaces give us a feeling of awe
Space
Small spaces
and rooms
can feel snug, cozy, and
Space
Other small
spaces and rooms feel
Color
most
significant of decorating tools
feelings
conveyed by color are
Texture
appearance or feel
of a surface
elicits feelings creates illusions
four main
categories
– rough - smooth – shiny - dull
– soft - stiff
Texture
texture creates
feelings
– plush, deep carpet & furniture = comfort, wealth
– rough & nubby = rugged, stable
Texture
texture creates illusions
– rough texture = casts shadows, make color seem darker and space seem smaller
Pattern
the simplest way of enriching any room or surface
– if using more
than one pattern, choose a
dominant
– other pattern should be a
Pattern
a space can have
too much pattern - one pattern that overwhelms or a combination of
patterns that do not enhance one
Pattern
a room can also
have too little
Pattern
patterns
can be well planned, enhancing one
Light
the more light
a room has, the bigger & cleaner it
appears
types
– general – task
Light
general lighting allows for one to see
everything in a room
helps soften shadows & harsh contrasts in
Light
task lighting
focuses light in an area where it is needed most
ex: lamps that
illuminate
Light
accent lighting
aims at a specific object to create a dramatic effect
ex: highlight
painting, floral
Portfolio Websites
http://www.architecturaldigest.com
http://www.houzz.com
http://www.bhg.com/decorating/
