Wildlife Surveys Wildlife Surveys
Tom French Tom French Ecologist Ecologist
Derbyshire County Council Derbyshire County Council tom.french@derbyshire.gov.uk
tom.french@derbyshire.gov.ukCall Derbyshire: 08456 058058 Call Derbyshire: 08456 058058
So what is a wildlife So what is a wildlife survey?
survey?
Identifying something? Identifying something?
Identifying everything? Identifying everything?
Looking for specific things? Looking for specific things?
Or just seeing what is there? Or just seeing what is there?
A ‘Wildlife survey’ can mean many A ‘Wildlife survey’ can mean many
different things, but it could be described
different things, but it could be described
as… as…
So what is a wildlife So what is a wildlife survey?
survey?
An assessment of all or part of the range of An assessment of all or part of the range of
plants and animals which occur in a plants and animals which occur in a particular area
particular area
Why do wildlife surveys?
Why do wildlife surveys?
You may want (or need) a wildlife survey You may want (or need) a wildlife survey for many different reasons:
for many different reasons:
Before a development or project Before a development or project
To help you write a management plan To help you write a management plan
To monitor change To monitor change
To trigger management To trigger management
What can you survey for?
What can you survey for?
Anything and everything!
Anything and everything!
A survey might cover:
A survey might cover:
Every habitat in your survey area, or examine one Every habitat in your survey area, or examine one kind of habitat in great detail
kind of habitat in great detail
Every species in your survey area, just one or two Every species in your survey area, just one or two species groups, or even focus on just one species species groups, or even focus on just one species
What can you survey for?
What can you survey for?
Habitats – Habitats – a ‘habitat survey’ might: a ‘habitat survey’ might:
Look for specific habitats in a given area Look for specific habitats in a given area
Measure the extent and nature of habitats in a site Measure the extent and nature of habitats in a site
Examine species composition and diversity within Examine species composition and diversity within habitats
habitats
Assess habitat structure Assess habitat structure
Assess habitat condition Assess habitat condition
Observe changes in habitats over an area Observe changes in habitats over an area
Look for changes in habitats over time Look for changes in habitats over time
…and more… …and more…
What can you survey for?
What can you survey for?
Species
Species – – a species surveys might: a species surveys might:
Aim to identify every species in your survey area, or Aim to identify every species in your survey area, or
Aim to identify every species from a single species Aim to identify every species from a single species group within the survey area, or
group within the survey area, or
Focus on a single species or group of species, and Focus on a single species or group of species, and examine
examine
Presence/absence Presence/absence
Abundance/population structure Abundance/population structure
Distribution/location/territories Distribution/location/territories
etc etc
What can you survey for?
What can you survey for?
With so much that you could survey for, With so much that you could survey for,
where do you start?
where do you start?
Surveys: Back to basics Surveys: Back to basics
Most surveys are undertaken for one of Most surveys are undertaken for one of
three purposes:
three purposes:
1. 1. To find out what is there To find out what is there
Either a one off survey at one site to Either a one off survey at one site to examine what is there, or
examine what is there, or
Identical surveys of many sites, either to Identical surveys of many sites, either to compare similar sites or to assess the compare similar sites or to assess the extent of a habitat or species
extent of a habitat or species
Surveys: Back to basics Surveys: Back to basics
2. 2. To record change over a period of time To record change over a period of time
Either recording changes in habitats on Either recording changes in habitats on one site, or
one site, or
Recording changes (for example in Recording changes (for example in habitat extent or abundance) over a habitat extent or abundance) over a large area
large area
Surveys: Back to basics Surveys: Back to basics
3. 3. To monitor populations To monitor populations
Monitoring the size, health (or occasionally Monitoring the size, health (or occasionally
distribution) of population(s) over a distribution) of population(s) over a period of time to identify population period of time to identify population growth, decline, expansion or
growth, decline, expansion or contraction
contraction
Surveying, monitoring or Surveying, monitoring or recording
recording
The ‘purpose’ will determine whether you The ‘purpose’ will determine whether you
need to ‘survey’, ‘monitor, or ‘record’
need to ‘survey’, ‘monitor, or ‘record’
Surveys Surveys
Surveys are a ‘snapshot’ of what is Surveys are a ‘snapshot’ of what is happening on a site or in an area at one happening on a site or in an area at one point in time.
point in time.
Surveys may follow standard Surveys may follow standard
methodologies, or be bespoke, but must methodologies, or be bespoke, but must be ‘fit for purpose’
be ‘fit for purpose’
Monitoring Monitoring
Monitoring Monitoring is all about detecting change is all about detecting change
Monitoring must be carried out over a Monitoring must be carried out over a period of time to be meaningful
period of time to be meaningful – –
‘surveys’ must be repeated
‘surveys’ must be repeated
The methodology used must be The methodology used must be
repeatable, and should therefore either repeatable, and should therefore either be a standard methodology, or be clearly be a standard methodology, or be clearly recorded
recorded
Other records Other records
Other records may be generated Other records may be generated
casually, either outside of or incidental to casually, either outside of or incidental to surveys and monitoring (or by adding surveys and monitoring (or by adding together lots of surveys or records) together lots of surveys or records)
These records can add to the picture of a These records can add to the picture of a site site
Or can build up a picture of species or Or can build up a picture of species or habitat distribution
habitat distribution
…but there can be problems …but there can be problems
Choosing your survey Choosing your survey methodology
methodology
This may all seem a little daunting, but…
This may all seem a little daunting, but…
You are now just three steps away from You are now just three steps away from
your perfect survey…
your perfect survey…
The 3 crucial questions The 3 crucial questions
1. 1. What do you want to achieve? What do you want to achieve?
(e.g. change your site, evaluate management, examine species (e.g. change your site, evaluate management, examine species distribution, or just find out what's there?)
distribution, or just find out what's there?)
2. 2. What information do you need to What information do you need to achieve it?
achieve it?
(identification of all habitats on site? an assessment of habita
(identification of all habitats on site? an assessment of habitat quality? t quality?
a record of habitat change? species presence/absence? population a record of habitat change? species presence/absence? population size? assessment of population change?)
size? assessment of population change?)
3. 3. How are you going to get this data? How are you going to get this data?
Surveys, monitoring or recording? Habitats or species? Which one Surveys, monitoring or recording? Habitats or species? Which ones?s?
--> METHODOLOGY> METHODOLOGY
The Phase
The Phase - - 1 Habitat 1 Habitat Survey
Survey
(PLEASE NOTE (PLEASE NOTE – – a typed copy of the 2003 edition of a typed copy of the 2003 edition of the A4 Phase 1 Handbook can now be downloaded the A4 Phase 1 Handbook can now be downloaded from
from www.jncc.gov.uk/page www.jncc.gov.uk/page- -2468 2468 ) )
Originated in the 1970s Originated in the 1970s
Still the most commonly used form of professional Still the most commonly used form of professional habitat assessment
habitat assessment
Aims to provide a rapid assessment of habitats over Aims to provide a rapid assessment of habitats over large areas
large areas
Used to assess likely ecological interest and to identify Used to assess likely ecological interest and to identify
potentially interesting sites for more detailed surveys
potentially interesting sites for more detailed surveys
Phase
Phase- -1 Methodology 1 Methodology
Assessment of discrete habitat areas to assign Assessment of discrete habitat areas to assign them into habitat types
them into habitat types
Habitats are marked on maps using colour Habitats are marked on maps using colour coding
coding
Can include target notes to highlight areas of Can include target notes to highlight areas of interest
interest
Assessment can be made from roads or rights Assessment can be made from roads or rights of way
of way
Surveys can be targeted based on aerial Surveys can be targeted based on aerial photographs
photographs
Phase
Phase- -1 Methodology 1 Methodology
Phase
Phase- -1 Habitat maps 1 Habitat maps
Taken from JNCC (2003), Handbook for Phase 1 habitat survey – a technique for environmental audit
Phase
Phase- -1 Habitat maps 1 Habitat maps
A fictional local site A fictional local site
A fictional Phase
A fictional Phase- -1 1
Phase
Phase - - 1 1 – – advantages and advantages and disadvantages
disadvantages
Advantages Advantages
Gives a rapid assessment of large areas Gives a rapid assessment of large areas
Provides quite a lot of detail Provides quite a lot of detail
Repeatable Repeatable
Disadvantages Disadvantages
Best suited to large areas? Best suited to large areas?
Lacks detail at local level – Lacks detail at local level – scale scale
Habitat types do not fully measure quality Habitat types do not fully measure quality
Requires additional time and effort to thoroughly Requires additional time and effort to thoroughly assess habitats
assess habitats
Phase Phase- -1 1
Suitably scaled maps and extra effort can add Suitably scaled maps and extra effort can add detail at local level
detail at local level
Target notes and species lists can put ‘flesh on Target notes and species lists can put ‘flesh on the bones’
the bones’
Can be modified into an ‘Extended Phase- Can be modified into an ‘Extended Phase -1’ 1’
Assessing the potential for habitats to support Assessing the potential for habitats to support protected or notable species, and recording species protected or notable species, and recording species encountered during the survey
encountered during the survey
Extended Phase Extended Phase- - 1 1
Habitat surveys
Habitat surveys – – another another way? way?
‘The General Purpose What’s There Survey’ ‘ The General Purpose What’s There Survey’
There are many ways to survey habitats, There are many ways to survey habitats, but a general purpose habitat survey is but a general purpose habitat survey is often required
often required
General Purpose Survey General Purpose Survey
Before you start:
Before you start:
Check that you have landowner’s Check that you have landowner’s permission
permission
Think ‘Health and Safety’ Think ‘Health and Safety’
Be clear of your objectives – Be clear of your objectives – can your can your survey achieve them, and can you do survey achieve them, and can you do your survey
your survey – – if in doubt, seek help! if in doubt, seek help!
Check what information already exists… Check what information already exists…
Our site…
Our site…
Existing records…
Existing records…
Doing the survey Doing the survey
1. 1. Map – Map – get the largest scale map of the site get the largest scale map of the site you can, showing paths, rides, streams, you can, showing paths, rides, streams, ponds, boundary features etc
ponds, boundary features etc 2.
2. Walk the site Walk the site
3. 3. Identify and examine all habitats within the Identify and examine all habitats within the
site and look for different areas in each
site and look for different areas in each
habitat. Mark the habitats on your map
habitat. Mark the habitats on your map
Doing the survey Doing the survey
5. 5. Habitat descriptions – Habitat descriptions – for each different area for each different area identified try to provide a description. Think identified try to provide a description. Think about:
about:
Common/typical species Common/typical species
Rarities Rarities
Habitat structure Habitat structure
Other features of interest Other features of interest
Indicators of past management Indicators of past management
Faunal species Faunal species
Problems e.g. invasive species Problems e.g. invasive species
Habitat descriptions Habitat descriptions – – Woodlands
Woodlands
Tree species – Tree species – conifer, broad conifer, broad- -leaf or both? leaf or both?
All the same species, or mixed? All the same species, or mixed?
Does the wood seem young, old, or middle- Does the wood seem young, old, or middle -aged? aged?
Are the trees all the same age, or mixed? Are the trees all the same age, or mixed?
Are the trees close together or spread apart? Are the trees close together or spread apart?
Plantation or semi- Plantation or semi -natural? natural?
Shady or light? Shady or light?
Ground flora, shrub layer and canopy? Ground flora, shrub layer and canopy?
Evidence of past management? Coppice? Evidence of past management? Coppice?
Other features – Other features – rides, banks, streams, wet areas, dead wood, rides, banks, streams, wet areas, dead wood, leaf
leaf- -litter? litter?
Evidence of animals? Squirrel, fox, badger, deer, other mammals, Evidence of animals? Squirrel, fox, badger, deer, other mammals, birds, old nests, potential for bats or great crested newts?
birds, old nests, potential for bats or great crested newts?
Habitat descriptions Habitat descriptions – – Grasslands
Grasslands
Can you identify the wildflowers? (Don’t forget the common Can you identify the wildflowers? (Don’t forget the common ones
ones – – daisy, dandelion and clover are all wildflowers!) daisy, dandelion and clover are all wildflowers!)
How about the grass species? How about the grass species?
Fine or coarse? Fine or coarse?
Thick or sparse? Thick or sparse?
Wet or dry? Wet or dry?
Height? Variation in height? Height? Variation in height?
Evidence of past management? Evidence of past management?
Evidence of animals? Rabbits, hares, moles, signs of Evidence of animals? Rabbits, hares, moles, signs of badger foraging etc. Don’t forget anthills!
badger foraging etc. Don’t forget anthills!
Scrub coverage and invasion – Scrub coverage and invasion – try to quantify and map try to quantify and map extent
extent
Habitat descriptions Habitat descriptions – – Ponds
Ponds
Depth? Depth?
Inlets/outlets? Inlets/outlets?
Water quality – Water quality – clear, covered in algae or stagnant? clear, covered in algae or stagnant?
Shaded or open? Open to south? Shaded or open? Open to south?
Open water, full of reed/reedmace, or scrubbing over? Open water, full of reed/reedmace, or scrubbing over?
Deadwood or leaf- Deadwood or leaf -litter? litter?
Plants – Plants – marginal, emergent, floating and submerged. marginal, emergent, floating and submerged.
Can you identify them? Any invasive species?
Can you identify them? Any invasive species?
Habitat descriptions Habitat descriptions – – streams and rivers
streams and rivers
Depth? Depth?
Flow? Flow?
Bed material? Bed material?
Channel width, bank height and gradient? Channel width, bank height and gradient?
Course – Course – straight or meandering straight or meandering
Vegetation Vegetation – – Bankside, marginal, emergent, Bankside, marginal, emergent, floating or submerged?
floating or submerged?
Evidence of animals? Evidence of animals?
Invasive species? Invasive species?
Any other issues? Any other issues?
Doing the survey Doing the survey
6. 6. Species lists Species lists
For each area of interest, provide a separate For each area of interest, provide a separate species list, and try and assess how
species list, and try and assess how numerous each species is
numerous each species is
For a ready For a ready- -reckoner, use the DAFOR scale: reckoner, use the DAFOR scale:
Dominant Dominant
Abundant Abundant
Frequent Frequent
Occasional Occasional
Rare Rare
Doing the survey Doing the survey
Add photographs (noting locations, date Add photographs (noting locations, date and photographer), record other species and photographer), record other species encountered during your survey and encountered during your survey and mark the locations of rare species on mark the locations of rare species on your map
your map
CONGRATULATIONS! You have CONGRATULATIONS! You have completed your habitat survey!
completed your habitat survey!
Species surveys Species surveys
The same principles apply to species surveys as to habitat The same principles apply to species surveys as to habitat surveys.
surveys.
Remember:
Remember:
What do you want to achieve? What do you want to achieve?
What information do you need to achieve it? What information do you need to achieve it?
How are you going to get this data? How are you going to get this data?
Don’t forget:
Don’t forget:
If you need specialist help, ask If you need specialist help, ask
Species surveys Species surveys
Habitats: Monitoring Habitats: Monitoring change
change
Monitoring changes in habitats on a site Monitoring changes in habitats on a site requires repeated surveys
requires repeated surveys
Repeating site surveys may reveal changes in Repeating site surveys may reveal changes in extent or composition of habitats, but this isn’t extent or composition of habitats, but this isn’t very subtle, and may need very precise habitat very subtle, and may need very precise habitat mapping and surveying
mapping and surveying
Repeating site surveys risks a ‘collect (data) Repeating site surveys risks a ‘collect (data) first, think (of a use) later’ approach
first, think (of a use) later’ approach
Monitoring is most useful when planned and Monitoring is most useful when planned and done for a specific reason
done for a specific reason
Habitats: Monitoring Habitats: Monitoring change
change
Example
Example – – monitoring the effects of a change in monitoring the effects of a change in grassland management.
grassland management.
Change in management may affect species Change in management may affect species
composition, grass length, scrub encroachment, habitat composition, grass length, scrub encroachment, habitat condition, bare earth habitats, or faunal species found condition, bare earth habitats, or faunal species found there
there – – would repeated habitat surveys detect this? would repeated habitat surveys detect this?
Instead, we could undertake specific monitoring in any Instead, we could undertake specific monitoring in any of these areas
of these areas – – monitoring could assess grass length, monitoring could assess grass length, scrub encroachment, invertebrate assemblages or scrub encroachment, invertebrate assemblages or vegetative species composition, although complex vegetative species composition, although complex surveys may require specialist assistance and surveys may require specialist assistance and techniques, including fixed quadrats
techniques, including fixed quadrats
Fixed point photography Fixed point photography
Requires photographs to be taken from the Requires photographs to be taken from the same point, in the same direction, using the same point, in the same direction, using the same camera, repeatedly over time
same camera, repeatedly over time
Provides a rapid and detailed comparison of Provides a rapid and detailed comparison of the habitat and documents changes
the habitat and documents changes
Advantages – Advantages – cheap, easy, can maintain a cheap, easy, can maintain a record which can be revisited later
record which can be revisited later
Disadvantages – Disadvantages – must be undertaken at the must be undertaken at the
Condition assessment Condition assessment
Condition assessment can provide a rapid Condition assessment can provide a rapid monitoring tool for ensuring habitats are being monitoring tool for ensuring habitats are being suitably managed
suitably managed
Physical characteristics – Physical characteristics – length of grazed grass, length of grazed grass, age structure of woodland, absence of poaching etc age structure of woodland, absence of poaching etc
Indicator species Indicator species
Favourable condition targets – Favourable condition targets – e.g. <10% bracken e.g. <10% bracken and <1% scrub cover in a grassland, or >75% open and <1% scrub cover in a grassland, or >75% open water in a pond
water in a pond
Population monitoring Population monitoring
Again, requires repeated surveys following the Again, requires repeated surveys following the same methodology
same methodology
Real changes may be hidden by natural Real changes may be hidden by natural fluctuations
fluctuations
Monitoring surveys can be complicated and Monitoring surveys can be complicated and expensive
expensive – – may need specialist advice may need specialist advice
But can be as simple as counting flower spikes But can be as simple as counting flower spikes for orchids!
for orchids!
Once the survey/
Once the survey/
monitoring is done monitoring is done
Did it achieve the stated aims? Did it achieve the stated aims?
Did it find anything of interest? Did it find anything of interest?
Did it identify the need for further Did it identify the need for further surveys?
surveys?
How about monitoring? How about monitoring?
Pass on your records!
Pass on your records!
Records, particularly species records, are Records, particularly species records, are valuable. Many groups (bat groups, badger valuable. Many groups (bat groups, badger groups etc) hold records and use them for groups etc) hold records and use them for assessing species distribution or identify trends assessing species distribution or identify trends
Please pass your records on to the relevant Please pass your records on to the relevant county recorder or local group
county recorder or local group – – this includes this includes records for common species
records for common species
Details of who to send your records to can be Details of who to send your records to can be
Sources of information Sources of information
General information and training General information and training
Specialist booksSpecialist books– – There are obviously many good books (too There are obviously many good books (too numerous to mention) out there providing guidance on all aspects numerous to mention) out there providing guidance on all aspects of wildlife, wildlife surveying, recording and monitoring. Ask a of wildlife, wildlife surveying, recording and monitoring. Ask around round (particularly specialist groups) for their recommendations. Try (particularly specialist groups) for their recommendations. Try Natural History Book Store online
Natural History Book Store online
(http://www.nhbs.com/index.html (
http://www.nhbs.com/index.html) or other good retailers.) or other good retailers.
Local bookshopsLocal bookshops
are definitely worth a look and may also have are definitely worth a look and may also have specialist natural history sections
specialist natural history sections - - Bookstore Brierlow Bar Bookstore Brierlow Bar (http://www.bookstore (
http://www.bookstore--derbyshire.co.uk/derbyshire.co.uk/) or The Bakewell) or The Bakewell Bookshop
Bookshop www.bakewellbooks.co.uk
www.bakewellbooks.co.ukto name just two. to name just two.
Specialist training coursesSpecialist training courses
in species, surveying and monitoring in species, surveying and monitoring –Many professional training providers offer a variety of courses – Many professional training providers offer a variety of courses – – Field Studies Council (
Field Studies Council (http://www.field
http://www.field--studiesstudies--council.org/council.org/) and) and Institute for Ecology and Environmental Management
Institute for Ecology and Environmental Management (http://www.ieem.org.uk/ (
http://www.ieem.org.uk/) and others are well worth a look) and others are well worth a look
Sources of information Sources of information
Sources of local information Sources of local information
LBAP coordinators/websites –LBAP coordinators/websites
– LBAP coordinators coordinate and LBAP coordinators coordinate and monitor conservation action in their area, and can provide an monitor conservation action in their area, and can provide an invaluable local view, particularly on local conservation priori
invaluable local view, particularly on local conservation priorities and ties and the Local Biodiversity Action Plan for your area. Can provide co the Local Biodiversity Action Plan for your area. Can provide contact ntact details for local groups and county recorders, and other sources details for local groups and county recorders, and other sources of of information.
information. Please also report your contributions to the LBAP
Please also report your contributions to the LBAP (habitat creation, enhancement, management and actions for (habitat creation, enhancement, management and actions for species) your relevant LBAP coordinators.species) your relevant LBAP coordinators.
Contact: Contact:
Lowland Derbyshire Biodiversity PartnershipLowland Derbyshire Biodiversity Partnership––Contact Contact Debbie AlstonDebbie Alston or visit
or visit www.derbyshirebiodiversity.org.ukwww.derbyshirebiodiversity.org.ukfor details. Front page of website for details. Front page of website includes a link to a very useful ‘Sources of Nature Conservation
includes a link to a very useful ‘Sources of Nature Conservationin in Derbyshire’ document.
Derbyshire’ document.
Nottinghamshire Biodiversity Action GroupNottinghamshire Biodiversity Action Group––Contact Chris JacksonContact Chris Jackson or visit
or visit http://www.nottsbag.org.uk/http://www.nottsbag.org.uk/for full information on nature for full information on nature conservation in Nottinghamshire and links to relevant projects a conservation in Nottinghamshire and links to relevant projects and nd organisations.
organisations.
Other LBAP partnerships in Derbyshire cover the Other LBAP partnerships in Derbyshire cover the National ForestNational Forestand and
Sources of information Sources of information
Species and habitats Species and habitats
Local specialist groups and county recordersLocal specialist groups and county recorders––The definitive word on The definitive word on species (and sometimes habitats) in your local area! Contact (or
species (and sometimes habitats) in your local area! Contact (orbetter yet, better yet, join) for advice and guidance, and perhaps training and help wit
join) for advice and guidance, and perhaps training and help with surveys. h surveys.
Also for information on species distribution in your area, and m
Also for information on species distribution in your area, and most importantly ost importantly to pass your records on to the relevant person or group! to pass your records on to the relevant person or group! Contact yourContact your LBAP coordinators
LBAP coordinators for contact details, or visit their websitesfor contact details, or visit their websites
National bodiesNational bodies––Most species/taxonomic groups have national bodies to Most species/taxonomic groups have national bodies to represent their interests, and who can provide plentiful advice
represent their interests, and who can provide plentiful advice on species, on species, distribution, surveys and recording. Examples include the well k
distribution, surveys and recording. Examples include the well known (RSPB nown (RSPB (http://www.rspb.org/(http://www.rspb.org/) and BTO () and BTO (http://www.bto.org/http://www.bto.org/) for example) and many, ) for example) and many, many more, including:
many more, including:
Bat Conservation Trust Bat Conservation Trust --http://www.bats.org.uk/http://www.bats.org.uk/
The Herpetological Conservation Trust The Herpetological Conservation Trust --http://herpconstrust.org.uk/http://herpconstrust.org.uk/
Butterfly Conservation Butterfly Conservation --http://www.butterflyhttp://www.butterfly--conservation.org/conservation.org/
Botanical Society of the British Isles Botanical Society of the British Isles --http://www.bsbi.org.uk/http://www.bsbi.org.uk/
Buglife Buglife --www.buglife.org.ukwww.buglife.org.uk
The Mammal Society The Mammal Society --http://www.abdn.ac.uk/mammal/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/mammal/
And many others! Try searching the web for the species/species gAnd many others! Try searching the web for the species/species group of interest, roup of interest, or look for links from other sites, including the LBAP partnersh
or look for links from other sites, including the LBAP partnership sitesip sites
Sources of information Sources of information
Sources of Local Information Sources of Local Information
Local Wildlife TrustsLocal Wildlife Trusts––General and specific information on all aspects of General and specific information on all aspects of wildlife and natural history in your area. May be able to help w
wildlife and natural history in your area. May be able to help with advice, ith advice, surveys, contact details etc and much more.
surveys, contact details etc and much more.
(
(http://www.derbyshirewildlifetrust.org.uk/http://www.derbyshirewildlifetrust.org.uk/or or www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/nottinghamshire/
www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/nottinghamshire/) In Derbyshire, DWT hosts the ) In Derbyshire, DWT hosts the Derbyshire
DerbyshireLocal Wildlife Sites system.Local Wildlife Sites system.
Local Authorities (and their websites) Local Authorities (and their websites) ––District, Borough and County District, Borough and County Councils hold various information. May be able to advise on wild
Councils hold various information. May be able to advise on wildlife, sites, life, sites, events (and possibly funding) in their area, and many have inter
events (and possibly funding) in their area, and many have interactive active mapping systems that include information on designated sites. Go mapping systems that include information on designated sites. Good od sources of local information and advice
sources of local information and advice
Local Records CentresLocal Records Centres––The central ‘hubs’ for providing records for The central ‘hubs’ for providing records for
Sources of information Sources of information
National bodies, designated sites and species information National bodies, designated sites and species information
Natural England Natural England ––For information on conservation in England, including For information on conservation in England, including designated sites (SPAs,SACs,SSSIs, LNRs etc) and protected speci designated sites (SPAs,SACs,SSSIs, LNRs etc) and protected species, es, visit
visit www.naturalengland.org.ukwww.naturalengland.org.uk. Natural England's interactive map site . Natural England's interactive map site www.natureonthemap.org.uk/
www.natureonthemap.org.uk/provides interactive mapping for various provides interactive mapping for various habitats and designated sites
habitats and designated sites
MAGIC (MultiMAGIC (Multi--Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside) Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside) –– www.magic.gov.uk/
www.magic.gov.uk/. A ‘web. A ‘web--based interactive map to bring together based interactive map to bring together geographic information on key environmental schemes and designat geographic information on key environmental schemes and designations ions in one place’. Includes details for a vast number of designation
in one place’. Includes details for a vast number of designations, including s, including those related to the natural environment.
those related to the natural environment.
NBN NBN ––(The National Biodiversity Network) –(The National Biodiversity Network) –www.nbn.org.ukwww.nbn.org.uk. A valuable . A valuable webweb--based ecological resource. NBN gateway allows you to view based ecological resource. NBN gateway allows you to view
distribution maps for almost any species in the UK, using either
distribution maps for almost any species in the UK, using eitherstandard standard grid maps or interactive maps
grid maps or interactive maps
JNCC JNCC ––(Joint Nature Conservation Committee) (Joint Nature Conservation Committee) ––www.jncc.gov.ukwww.jncc.gov.uk. The . The website of the
website of the statutory adviser to Government on UK and international statutory adviser to Government on UK and international nature conservation.
nature conservation. Please notePlease note--a typed copy of the 2003 edition of a typed copy of the 2003 edition of the A4 Phase 1 Handbook
the A4 Phase 1 Handbookcan now be downloaded from can now be downloaded from www.jncc.gov.uk/page
www.jncc.gov.uk/page--24682468
