summer training report

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BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT Page 1

Ch-1

Introduction

To

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1.1 Introduction to training

2 months of training is a part of MBA program, it gave good experience about corporate environment which will be a great help in future and it provides benefit to one‟s personality. What was taught in management school theoretically was applied in corporate world practically which helped to understand the concepts. It was two months training in which exposure towards functional area of an organization like Marketing, Finance, Production, Human resource, call centre, administrative, etc. was given.

This Training has been a great learning experience for researcher; at the same time it gave researcher enough scope to implement researcher analytical ability which will be very helpful for researcher further studies and which will improve researcher thinking ability also.

1.2 Objectives of training

 Mutual understanding between business school students and industry takes place when the students undergo summer training at the end of the first year. It is often the first exposure of student to corporate culture. Particularly true for students without prior work experience.

 The objective of training was to go through detail study of all functional areas and then chose to study reader‟s view about Divya Bhaskar newspaper as main topic. An organization can get a good detail knowledge as well as exposure towards how company is cautious about its customer wants and needs.

 Get details of the day-to-day operation from bottom level to the top management. It gave knowledge about how management of an organization is taking crucial decisions.

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 To get practical knowledge apart from theory work and familiarize with corporate environment.

1.3 Benefits of the study

 Practical knowledge about company‟s working.

 It provides insight of Business integrity and helps in better decision.

 It provides best example of good management system because it is not only one department‟s work, but a co-ordination of all other departments with punctuality and accuracy in work.

 Company can also compare its data with competitors and use it for Future Growth of the Company.

 It provides knowledge how company is exposing itself to the outside world.

 Company can know the main problem and the reason behind the problem.

 This study is useful to company in making rules, regulation, terms, and condition.

 All functional areas are related to each other. So if one of them is malfunctioning then it will affect other functional areas. This study is helpful to run company smoothly.

 Got to know about the punctuality in work and many more things of an organization.

 Got an idea about how exactly things are handled in an organization for smooth functioning and effective result along with growth and perfection in the work which provide an idea about how necessary is it to work with perfection and punctuality and if it is not done than what will be the outcome.

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 Great experience learning from the experts which added value to the knowledge provided in Management College.

 As it was my first training and exposure to corporate world it gave me very good knowledge about the corporate world and being a part of it for about two months satisfied my curiosity regarding big organization and its working.

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Ch-2

Industry

Profile

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What is newspaper?

“A newspaper is a written publication containing news, information and advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint.”

“A group of large pages usually folded together that have pictures and stories that tell about things that just happened. It is usually printed every day or at least once a week”

A newspaper is a publication containing news, information, and advertising. General-interest newspapers often feature articles on political events, crime, business, art/entertainment, weather, society and sports. Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing columns that express the personal opinions of writers. Supplementary sections may contain advertising, comics, and coupons. Newspapers are most often published on a daily or weekly basis, and they usually focus on one particular geographic area where most of their readers live. Despite recent setbacks in circulation and profits, newspapers are still the most iconic outlet for news and other types of written journalism.

Newspaper is valued on the basis of content, depth, segmentation, choices, credibility and emotional attributes that are delivered in the paper.

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Features of newspaper

 Local, national and international news

 Editorial opinions

 open advertisements

 Classified advertisements

 Comic strips and other entertainment, such as crosswords, Sudoku and horoscopes

 Weather news and forecasts

 Advice and gossip column

 Sports column

 Food and other column

 Critical reviews of movies, plays, restaurants, etc.

A brief history of newspaper industry

The newspaper as we know it today is a product born of necessity,

invention, the middle class, democracy, free enterprise, and professional standards.

Pre-history newspapers were one-to-one in nature. The earliest variation on a newspaper was a daily sheet published in 59 BC in Rome called Acta Diurna

(Daily Events), which Julius Caesar ordered posted throughout the city. The

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In 1451, Johannes Gutenberg uses a press to print an old German poem, and two years later prints a 42-line Bible the significance being the mass production of print products, ushering in an era of newspapers, magazines, and books. By 1500, the genesis of a postal system can be seen in France, while book publishing becomes popular throughout Europe and the first paper mill can be found (England).

Zeitung (newspaper) is a news report published in Germany in 1502, while Trewe Encountre becomes the earliest known English language news sheet in 1513. Germany's Avisa Relation Oder Zeitung, in 1609, is the first regularly

published newspaper in Europe. Forty-four years after the first newspaper in England, the Oxford Gazette is published, utilizing double columns for the first time; the Oxford/London Gazette is considered the first true newspaper. The first North American newspaper, Public Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestic, was published in 1690 in Boston.

The 1700s was a century in which market elements were created that encouraged the development of daily newspapers: rising literacy, the formation of nation-states, a developing postal system, and the proliferation of urban centers, a rising literary and philosophical tradition emphasizing democratic involvement in government, and technologies that supported newspaper production. In short, it

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was a great news century. The first daily newspaper was The Daily Courant in

London, 1702. In 1754, The Daily Advertiser in London uses the first

four-column format. France's first daily newspaper appears in 1777, Journal de Paris, while the first United States daily was the Pennsylvania Packet in 1784.

The rise of the middle class transformed newspapers in the 1800s. A penny (US$0.01) buys a New York newspaper in 1833, opening up the first mass market for newspapers. In 1847, the telegraph is used as a business tool, transforming far-away stories. In 1873, an illustrated daily newspaper can be seen in New York. In

1878 the first full-page newspaper advertisements appear, and in 1880 the first

photographs are seen in newspapers, using halftones.

With the basic technical groundwork for the modern newspaper in place by the late 19th century, the story of newspapers in the 20th century was about professional development and adaptation to changing consumer and media markets. The story also involved an evolving business model that rode an ever-growing wave of mass-market advertising. Increased profitability and higher revenues attracted publicly owned corporations interested in buying newspapers from descendants of company founders, while simultaneously exposing newspapers to the whims of cash- and profit-hungry stock markets.

By 2000, newspapers were juggling priorities: fragmentation of news consumption, fragmentation of advertising investments, the advantages and disadvantages of being a mass medium, balancing the wants of the marketplace with the company's duty to provide the needs of the marketplace, a journalistic backlash against industry changes, the sheer physicality of ink-on-paper production and distribution versus digital distribution, increasing profit pressure surrounding

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the core print product, and extension of the company's core brand into other profit centers.

History of Indian newspaper

India is the largest democracy. Its mass media culture, a system evolved over centuries, is comprised of a complex framework. Modernization has transformed this into a communication network that sustains the pulse of a democracy of about 1.2 billion people. India‟s newspaper evolution is nearly unmatched in world press history. India‟s newspaper industry and its westernization go hand in hand. India‟s press is a metaphor for its advancement in the globalized world.

The printing press preceded the advent of printed news in India about 100 years ago. It was in 1674 that the first printing apparatus was established in Bombay followed by madras in 1772. India‟s first newspaper, Calcutta general advertises, also known as Hicky‟s Bangal Gazette was established in January 1780, and the first Hindi daily, Samachar Sudha Varshan, began in 1854. The evolution of the Indian media since has been fought with development difficulties, illiteracy, colonial constraints and poverty. Within the framework, it is instructive to examine India‟s press is divided in two broad analytical sections: pre-colonial times and the colonial, independent press. The post-emergency phase, which continues at the present, may be the third independent phase of India‟s newspaper revolution.

While the majority of the poor working people in rural and urban areas still remain oppressed and even illiterate, a significant proportion of people roughly about 52% of the population over 15 years of age were recorded as being able to read and write. That breaks down to 65.5% of males and an estimate of 37.7%

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females. After the liberalization of the economy, the growth of industry, and a rise in literacy, the post-emergency boom rekindled the world‟s largest middle class in news, politics and consumerism. Since private enterprise began to sustain and pay-off, mass communications picked up as a growth industry.

The registrar of newspaper recorded following newspaper for India.

Year No. of newspaper

1976 875

1995 4453

Robin Jeffrey commented “newspapers did not expand simply because the

technology was available to make India scripts live as they had not been able to live before nor did newspaper grow simply because entrepreneurs detected a growing hunger for information among ever-widening sections of India‟s people, who were potential consumer as well as newspaper readers. A race began to reach this audience advertisement avenues were the prizes and these would come largely to newspapers that could convince advertisers that they had more readers than their rivals.”

Newspaper is a publication that appears regularly and frequently, and carries news about a wide variety of current events. Organizations such as trade unions, religious groups and clubs may have their own newspapers, but the term is more commonly used to refer to daily or weekly publications that bring news of general interest to large portions of the public in a specific geographical area. The United States had 1611 general circulations daily newspapers in 1990- 14% fewer then in 1940, before the arrival of television.

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The news in general circulation newspaper is gathered and then written up by the reporters. Photographers shoot pictures to accompany the stories and graphic artist contribute charts and diagrams. Editors assign reporters to stories, check over those stories, write headlines for them, determine where they will be placed in the newspaper and work on the paper‟s layout. An editor-in-chief or an executive editor usually supervises the paper‟s new staff. The newspaper‟s publisher has overall control of its business and news operations.

General circulation newspaper play a role in commerce through the advertisement they carry, they provide readers with information of practical values, such as television schedule, weather maps and listing of stock prices. Newspaper provide source of entertainment through their stories, comic strips and crossword puzzles. However, one of the most important functions of the general circulation newspaper - a crucial function in a democracy- is to provide citizens with information on government and politics.

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Famous newspapers in India

 THE BOMBAY CHRONICLE

 THE TIMES OF INDIA

 THE RANGOON GAZETTE

 THE AMRITA BAZAAR PATRIKA

 THE HINDUSTAN TIMES

 THE HINDUSTAN STANDARD

 THE PIONEER

 THE LEADER

 THE TRIBUNE

 THE CIVIL AND MILITARY GAZETTE

 THE HINDU

 THE MADRAS MAIL

 THE STATESMAN

Top 14 newspapers of the world

1. New York Times (USA) 2. Japan Today (Japan) 3. The Sun (England) 4. France - Presse (France) 5. USA Today (USA)

6. Los Angeles Times (USA) 7. Washington Post (USA) 8. Corriere della Sera (Italy) 9. Spiegel (Germany)

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10. Wall Street Journal (USA) 11. Hindustan Times (India) 12. The Boston Herald (USA) 13. Chicago Tribune (USA) 14. Chicago Sun-Times

Top 10 largest circulated newspapers in India

World rank

India Rank

Newspaper name Circulation („000) 20 1 Dainik Jagran 1911 24 2 Times of India 1680 30 3 Dainik Bhaskar 1405 34 4 Malayalam panorama 1309 38 5 Hindustan Times 1108 40 6 Gujarat Samachar 1051 41 7 Amanda Bazaar Pratik 1046

43 8 Landau 1039

50 9 The Hindu 0989

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Types of newspaper

1. Daily Newspapers

In newspaper “THERE IS NO HOLIDAY” A daily newspaper is issued everyday, sometimes with the exception of Sundays and some national holidays. Saturday and, where they exist, Sunday editions of daily newspapers tend to be larger , include more specialized sections and advertising inserts, and cost more. Typically, the majority of these newspapers‟ staff work Monday to Friday, so the Sunday and Monday editions largely depend on content done in advance or content that is syndicated. Most daily newspapers are published in the morning. Afternoon or evening papers are aimed more at computers and office workers.

2. Weekly Newspapers

Weekly newspapers are common and tend to be smaller than the daily newspapers. In some cases, there also are newspapers that are published twice or three times a week. In the United States, such newspapers are generally still classified as weeklies.

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3. National Newspapers

Most nations have at least one newspaper that circulates throughout the whole country: a national newspaper, as contrasted with a local newspaper serving a city or region.

As English has become the international language of business and technology, many newspapers formerly published only in non-English languages have also developed English language editions. In places as varied as Jerusalem and Bombay, newspapers are printed to local and international English speaking public. The advent of the Internet has also allowed the non English newspapers to put out scaled-down English version to give their newspaper a global outreach.

4. International Newspapers

There is also a small group of newspapers which may be characterized as international newspapers. Some, such as Christian Science Monitor and The International Herald Tribune, have always had that focus, while others are repackaged national newspapers or “international editions” of national scale or large metropolitan newspapers. Often these international editions are scaled down to remove articles that might not interest the wider range of readers.

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5. Online newspapers

With the introduction of the Internet, web-based “newspapers” have also started to be produced as online-only publications, like the Southport Reporter. To be a Web-Only newspaper they must be web-published only and must not be part of or have any connection to hard-copy formats. To be classed as an Online Only Newspaper, the paper must also be regularly updated at a regular time and keep to a fixed news format, like a hardcopy newspaper. They must also be only published by professional media companies and regarded under the national/international press rules and regulation unlike blog sites and other news websites, it is run as a newspaper and is recognized by media groups.

Different sizes of newspaper

1. Broadsheets

The size of the newspaper is 600mm by 380mm (23.5 by 1inches). It is generally associated with more intellectual newspaper.

2. Tabloids

The half size broadsheets at 380mm by 300mm (15 by 11.75 inches) . It often perceived as sensational compared to broadsheets.

3. Berliner or midi

The size of a newspaper is 470mm by 315mm (18.5 by 12.25 inches). It is generally used by European papers.

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Present scenario of newspaper industry in the world

The problem newspaper industry is facing is due to internet. Publishing house figured out early that they need a plan to deal with it, and during the early 90s they came up with not just one plan but several. One was to partner with companies like America Online, a fast-growing subscription service that was less chaotic than the open internet. Another plan was to educate the public about the behaviors required of them by copyright law. New payment models such as micropayments were proposed. Alternatively, they could pursue the profit margins enjoyed by radio and TV, if they became purely ad-supported. Still another plan was to convince tech firms to make their hardware and software less capable of sharing, or to partner with the businesses running data networks to achieve the same goal. Then there was the nuclear option: sue copyright infringers directly.

For the next few decades, journalism will be made up of overlapping special cases. Many of these models will rely on amateurs as researchers and writers. Many of these models will rely on sponsorship or grants or endowments instead of revenues. Many of these models will fail. No one experiment is going to replace what we are now losing with the demise of news on paper, but over time, the collection of new experiments that do work might give us the journalism we need.

The main problem faced by the newspaper industry through-out the world is decline in readership of newspaper. This is mainly because of online newspaper, blogs and internet in mobile phones.

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Present scenario of newspaper industry in India

Researchers have discovered a place where the newspaper, a threatened species in parts of the world, is thriving. In most parts of the world the age old newspaper industry is fighting a losing battle to the online news sources and in most parts surrendering to it. However, in India, home to 1.2 billion people, not only is the press in robust health, but is growing at an astonishing rate. From 2005 to 2006, nearly 2,100 newspapers debuted in India, joining 60,000 circulating.

India is a country with an expanding middle class and a booming economy, which have fueled an explosion in consumer spending and advertising. The illiteracy rate – though stubbornly high at an estimated 35 percent – gradually is coming down. In New Delhi and Mumbai, about 80 percent of residents age 7 and older can read and write. Meanwhile, internet penetration remains marginal, despite India‟s reputation as an information-technology powerhouse. Only a sliver of the population, mostly well-heeled urbanites, can afford home computers and high-speed internet access. Helping newspaper circulation are newsstand prices that rarely exceed 3 rupees a copy, the equivalent of about 7 cents. A vicious price war several years ago suppressed prices. But thanks in part to the surge in advertising, only four newspapers out of more than 60,000 ceased publication between 2005 and 2006, according to the official Registrar for Newspapers in India. With blogging coming in vogue, it has to see whether Indian newspaper industry reaches a saturation point or not.

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Ch-3.1

Company

Profile

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“Dainik Bhaskar” and “Divya Bhaskar” are one of the most recognized names in the world of print media. Divya Bhaskar is also a part of Dainik Bhaskar group. Dainik Bhaskar is a Hindi news paper, where as Divya Bhaskar is a Gujarati edition, both are of Bhaskar group. Mr.Dwarika Prasad Agrawal, a Man of vision and enterprise has started a newspaper in Bhopal by the name “DAINIK BHASKAR” in 1933. So Bhopal can be called as a birth place of Bhaskar Group. After 1933, Bhaskar Group has continuously widened its scope. After the success of Dainik Bhaskar in Bhopal, it was started in Madhya Pradesh then expanded to Rajasthan and further northward to Chandigarh in Punjab. It challenged several regional Hindi dailies across the Hindi heartland. In fact, the only Hindi daily that has stood up to Dainik Bhaskar is Dainik Jagran which has also been spreading like wildfire with at least three new editions a year.

In June 2003, the group entered a new market- Gujarat, for the first time launched a non-hindi newspaper- Divya Bhaskar. By Februrary 2005, five editions of Divya Bhaskar were on the stand in Gujarat adding more than 53 lakh readers to the Bhaskar family. Since the launch of Divya Bhaskar there has been a 50% increase in over all readership. The Divya Bhaskar launch has gone down in the annuals of publishing history as “The fastest newspaper project” in India. Bhaskar group launched edition in Rajkot. This was the fourth center edition with inclusion of Saurashtra Samachar from Bhavnagar, the group revenues vary from 1200 to 1800 crores with publishing revenue estimated as high as 850 crores.

Apart from the hindi and gujarati daily, Bhaskar group has also launched English daily which is circulated solely in Mumbai known as DNA abbreviated from a daily news analysis which is joint venture with zee telefilms.

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Bhaskar Group has successfully step not only in print media but in many industries. All the success of Bhaskar Group goes to its top management having good vision and their intelligent manpower.

The Bhaskar Group is a company with capital of Rs.20, 000 lakhs and has step into India‟s 25 leading business. Dainik Bhaskar is a first step of Bhaskar Group in print media then they launched Divya Bhaskar in Gujarat (Ahmedabad). Bhaskar group is into following industries:

 Newspaper

 Solvent Extraction

 Textile

 Jems and jewelry Export

 Salt

 Broadband Internet Service

 Television Network

 Refined oil and Vegetable oil

The other media venture

 Bhaskar group has not covered news media but it has also diversified business as it has launched Bhaskar T.V. in Jaipur and Indore as India's first fiber Optic Network.

 In Jaipur "Bhaskar Group" provides internet services.

 At Noida, it has one of the largest commercial printing divisions in the country. Its client list includes Reliance Industries Limited. Colgate Palmolive, Outlook, Sun Magazine, Cricket Samrat, Competition Success

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Review, Cricket Today, Times of India Group, The Hindustan Times, Business Standard, and various other clients.

The other industrial venture

 In Mandideep (Near Bhopal), it started composite Textile plant with denim plant having capacity of 10-lack meter/month.

 In Devas (Indore) and Shivpuri (Gwlior) it has solvent Extraction Plant.

 In shivpuri ( Gwlior ), it has started refined oil plant.

 Bhaskar salt a premium quality salt in 1 kg packing, 500 grams packing reaches to the 15 lakh household of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Haryana.

ABOUT BHASKAR GROUP

MILESTONES OF BHASKAR GROUP

1950 Mr. Dwarika Prasad Agrawal a man of vision and enterprise started a newspaper in Bhopal by the name “DAINIK BHASKAR”

1983 A new thinking started. Launch of Indore edition, followed by Raipur, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Bilaspur and Satna editions.

1995 Leadership across Madhya Pradesh

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soon established its leadership in the state with launch of Ajmer , Jodhpur,bikaner,Udaipur,Kota,Gangangar,Alwar,Sikar and Bhilwara.

2000 May 2000 Launch Of Chandigarh edition covering Chandigarh, Panchkula, Mohali & Himachal .Launch of Panipat and Hissar Edition.

2001 Launch of Faridabad Edition.

2003 Bhaskar Group enters Gujarat with Launch of its first Gujarati daily “DIVYA BHSKAR” Ahmedabad on 22nd

June,2003 with record circulation of 4.5 lacks copies on first day

2004 On 28th march, 2004 the newspaper was launched its second edition in the diamond city of Surat by the brand name “DIVYA BHASKAR” with 3 lacks copies on first day

Divya Bhaskar‟s international edition launched from New York in May.

Bhaskar Group‟s new Hindi magazine, AHA! Zindagi, first of its Kind on Lifestyle and positive thinking was launched in September & Divya Bhaskar‟s Baroda edition also launched in the same month.

“Saurashtra Samachar” , the leading Gujarati newspaper of Bhavnagar taken over in the month of October

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2005 Db Activations-the BTL (below the line)division Started in January

Bhaskar group in association with Zee enters Mumbai market with its first English daily DNA-„Daily News and Analysis‟ in July

Launch of “DIVYA BHSKAR” in Baroda

2006 Launch of AHA! Zindagi –Gujarati in Ahmedabad

Launch of MY FM in Jaipur

Launch of DNA Money in Indore,Bhopal,Ahmedabad and Mumbai

Launch of Dainik Bhaskar in Punjab with two editions, Amritsar and Jalandhar

Launch of “DIVYA BHSKAR” in Rajkot and jamnagar

2007 Launch of “DIVYA BHSKAR” in Bhavnagar

Launch of DNA-„Daily News and Analysis‟ in surat

2008 Launch of “DIVYA BHSKAR” in Bhuj

DIVYA BHSKAR has 10 lacks copies circulation in Gujarat, circulation of Bhaskar Group is 40 lacks copies in the 9 states.

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In 2008, Bhaskar Group covers all over the Gujarat.

ACHIVEMENT OF BHASKAR GROUP

Year Achievements

1992 No. one newspaper of the Madhya Pradesh 1995 India‟s fast growing newspaper

1996 Publish Asia 2002 awards for best in graphics

2002 World record of printing highest copies of newspaper on first day at Ahmedabad.

2004 25 great personality among best 50 of India Mr.Rameshchandra Agrawal and he got “Hindi rhday Samarat” award.

2005 Number one readership in Surat.

(Taken from IRS = Indian readership Survey)

2008 “IFRA” award for best printing technology.

Objective and vision of Bhaskar Group

Bhaskar have the following objective with them for which they need the strategic input and implantation expertise of the marketing consulting firm. They

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are carrying with label of the vernacular daily although they are single publication in India which caters 30-35 % potential of north and west India. The group aspires for the status of country‟s 2nd largest powerful media house after Times of India. The group also feels that they need to sharpen their space selling strategies. The group feels that they have yet to exploit the potential of their markets and dominance of their product in these markets, both combined can result into opening the revenue stream.

The group also feels that it needs to restructure the sales dept. of the organization for further growth in revenue stream. It needs help of consulting firm or suggestion from right people who can help them in realizing underlying potential and group also needs a structured periodic and result oriented training program for its sales force.

Bhaskar group has four pillars of virtues and thoughts: Entrepreneurship

Ambition Innovation Professionalism

Bhaskar group concentrate in each step of development and Entrepreneurship. Bhaskar group believes in team work and to win the race.

T=TOGETHER E=EVERY ONE A=ARCHIVES

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BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT Page 28 M=MORE

 Performance: The Bhaskar Group aims high, sets ambitious goals and delivers

results. We move quickly and make timely, well-reasoned decisions because our future depends on them.

 Innovation: We seek Out-of-the-box thinking as we are a company of ideas

that are nurtured by a commitment to research and development. The achievements of our founders inspire us to reach always for the next innovative, powerful and marketable idea. We encourage diversity of experience and opinion.  Opportunity: Our employee‟s ideas and inspiration create opportunities

constantly, and without limits. We improve continuously everything we do, as a company and as individual to expand our knowledge and capabilities and to engage with the world. Confidence spurs us to take risk, to experiment, to cooperate with each other and, always, to learn from the consequences of our action.

 Responsibility: We maintain the highest ethical, environmental and safety standards everywhere and we encourage and celebrate our employee‟s active role in communities.

Organization profile

Corporate office

6, Dwarka sadan,

Press Complex, M.P.Nagar Bhopal

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Gujarat Head offices

 Ahmedabad:

280- Near Y.M.C.A. Club, Makarbaa: Gandhinagar, Sarkhej Highway : Ahemdabad - 380 051 Tel - (079) 55309501

 Surat :

B-129 A/B Central Road No.12 Near Udhna Udhyog Nagar Sangh Surat -394210, Gujarat

Tel (0261) 5529105

 Baroda :

Plot no.805 Near Chhani Hall Plaza Baroda-391 740, Gujarat Tel - (0265) 2762448

 Rajkot :

306, Kber Complex; Dr. Yagnik Road ; Rajkot Gujarat

Tel - (0281) 85539911

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Owners and promoters

Board of directors

Chairman: Mr. Rameshchandra Agrawal Managing Director: Mr. Sudhir .R. Agrawal Director: Mr. Girish .R. Agrawal

Mr. Pawan .R. Agrawal Dr Bharat Agrawal Mrs. Jyoti Agrawal Mrs. Nikita Agrawal Mrs. Namita Agrawal Bankers

State Bank of India Axis bank

Auditor

Advertising: Mr. Rakesh Rathi.( C.A., Surat) Printing and circulation: Mr. Rakesh Jain.

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Organizational structure of Divya Bhaskar

Future plans of Divya Bhaskar

Bhaskar group dreams of making a presence as a powerful group in media globally.

 DIVYA BHASKAR is going to established new production unit in Vapi.

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 DB Corp plans to enter the capital market with its initial public offering and has filed papers with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).

 The company plans to come out with a public issue of upto 1,88,00,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each for cash at a price to be decided later through a 100% book building issue. The issue shall constitute 10.02% of the fully diluted post-issue capital.

 The objective of the issue are to raise funds to set up new publishing unit, upgradation of existing plant and machinery, enhancing brand image through sales and marketing, reduction of existing working capital loan and pre-payment of existing term loan.

 DB Corp is a print media company publishing 31 news paper editions. Flagships Dainik Bhaskar and Divya Bhaskar have combined readership of 25.33 million subsidiary synergy media entertainment has license to operate 17 FM Radio stations, 13 of which are currently in operation. Synergy media has also fielded and eligibility bid with the government to operate an additional 4 FM Radio stations in Mumbai, Banglore, New Delhi and Haidrabad.

 The equity shares of DB Corp are proposed to be listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange.

 They have the objectives for which they need the strategic input and implementation expertise of a marketing consulting firm.

 They are still carrying the label of a vernacular daily although they are single publication in this country, which caters 30-35% potential of north & west India. The group aspires for the statues of country‟s 2nd largest and powerful media house after Times of India.

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 The group wants to sharpen our space selling strategies. The group feels that they have yet to exploit the potential markets and the dominance of product in these markets, both can result into opening the revenue stream.

 The group wants to restructure the sales dept. For further growth in the revenue stream, it needs help of the consulting firm or person who suggest right people who can help us in realizing the under potential and group also needs a structured periodic and result oriented training program for its sales force.

 Divya Bhaskar launched FM Radio in the city of Bhopal, Jalndhar, Udaypur.

About Surat Branch

When any company enters new market and new area at that time it wants to know what public wants, company conducted survey in Surat. Decided to survey above 4.5 lakh house hold in surat and 2 lacks house hold in neighbouring district like Vapi, Valsad, Navsari and rural areas of Surat district.

Aim for conducting survey

Divya Bhaskar has its own policy, to ask people “what do you want” and then give “what people want from them”

 To know opinion of people about Divya Bhaskar.

 To increase circulation.

 To inform the quality of Divya Bhaskar to people.

 To know about competitor.

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“TAMARI MARJI JANAVO” “BOOK THE ORDER”

“CONFIRM THE ORDER” “MASS SURVEY”

 Ground breaks on 27 November, 2003 and was fully operational on 27 March, 2004.

 The project was completed in record time of 121 days.

 The addition of Surat branch are DIVYA BHASKAR, D.N.A., DB Gold and Saurastra Samachar.

 It launched 3 lacks copies in 1 day.

 40000 sq. feet built up area and 15000 sq. feet fully air condition office with 550 kw. Power sub station.

 In 2007 “DIVYA BHASKAR” also started MY FM the radio channel.

 On 5 September, 2007 they launched “DB GOLD” news paper.

 They are also planning to start new addition in Mahesana, Vapi and Jamnagar.

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Managers of Surat Branch

Designation

Name

Unit head Mr. Mukesh Jhurani

Editorial head Mr. Manoj Binwal

Finance head Mr. Prashant Chaudhri

Production head Mr. Ashutosh Singh

Circulation head Mr. Dhiraj Roman

Sr. HR executive Mr. Sanjay Panchal

Sr. marketing manager Mr. Sachin Batavia

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Ch-3.2

About

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Production

Management

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Production

Production is the process by which raw materials and other inputs are converted into finished products

.

Production is considered as system in which inputs are received in form of materials, personnel, capital, utilities and information. These inputs are changed in a conversion sub-system into desired products and services called outputs.

Production management

Production management involves application of planning, organizing, directing and controlling the production process. It is also referred as “operation management” as production management does not involve service sector, it is related to manufacturing industry.

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Organizational structure of production department.

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Production process

In every manufacturing business, production department play crucial role. In Divya Bhaskar, production department works fast and gives output as quickly as possible. Production process starts from marketing department and ends when papers are ready to circulate. Let us see process of one news paper.

Receiving advertisement

In marketing department, marketing executives get advertisement from market till 6 o‟ clock in evening then, all the advertisements are pasted in newspaper by designer/ scheduler. After scheduling of all the advertisements, page layout with advertisement is send to editorial department.

In brief, the job of an advertisement scheduler is to make an arrangement of advertisement as per information given by the customer or firm or organization. The advertisement scheduler receives advertisements from advertisement agency or direct customer.

Receiving news

Page layout containing advertisement is sent to editorial department then news and photograph are submitted by news reporter to the page maker in page making department, there he decides where news and photographs are to be placed on that page in the remaining area.

Page making

In page making department, special software named Quark express is installed for designing pages, this software has seven vertical lines which divide page into eight column of newspaper. Quark express make it very easy for page

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maker to arrange all contents of newspaper automatically. The page maker set all the pages and final output is generated. The front page and the sports page of Divya Bhaskar are made at Ahemdabad (The state head office). Some space on the sport page is left for local and up country news. The pages from Ahemdabad are sent through internet. Now complete page is ready, this page is send to production department

Plate making

Divya Bhaskar have adopted new procedure to make the thermal plates, it eliminates four steps like outputting, image setting, laser printing and pasting. They use computer to plate machine where in the ready page is pasted on plate from computer.

After pasting, the sheet is send to exposure machine name “MAMORY” this machine equipped with ultra violet lights consumes 6000 volts electricity. Aluminum plates are fitted in memory machine than with the help of ultra violet

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lights, whatever is printed on positive is printed on plate. We can easily read what is printed on aluminum plates.

Baking

Once thermal plates are ready, they are baked in oven at 300 degree Celsius. Baking is done so that thermal plates do not get destroyed during production of 1,50000 copies.

Plate washing

Plates are washed in wash room to remove extra dots on the plate.

Gumming

Plates are inserted in gumming machine, which insert layer of gum on the plates. Because of gumming there is no fear of scratch or spot on the plate. Almost 85 plates are consumed daily because 4 plates of 4 colors are made for each page.

Printing

All the thermal plates for all pages are sent to production department from plate making department, then these plates are folded on plate folding machines. Plates are fitted into printing machines, reels are fitted into machine and ink is filled. Then as soon as power button of printing machine is turn on, the machines automatically begin to feed paper, all the rollers of printing machine begins to roll. The blankets are already fitted. The blanket gets impression from plates. Blanket gets ink with the help of roller and paper gets impression from blanket. In this way, the total printing process is done in "Divya Bhaskar". The machine men continuously observe the copies and try to improve the printing quality cautiously. Approximately 8 copies are printed per second.

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Dispatching

The printed copies continuously come from printing machines. With the help of conveyer belt these copies are sent to starker machines where bundles of 50 copies or 100 copies are bound with plastics stripes. It is previously decided by circulation department how many bundles are to be given to hawkers. For the agencies of Up-Countries the trucks or tempos or jeeps are used for transportation. Copies of city Edition are also supplied in the same way but some hawkers reach directly to Divya Bhaskar to collect their copies by cash.

Different types of machines used in Divya Bhaskar

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It is the main machine used to print the papers. Orient 30 can print 30000 copies of “ Divya Bhaskar ” per hour.

2. Orient 36 (36000 copies/ hour)

It is also the main machine to print the papers. Orient 36 can print 36000 copies of “Divya Bhaskar” per hour.

3. Rewinding machine

Rewinding machine is using to rewind the paper reeds. After printing, some layers of paper reeds remains unused and it is possible to use them next day. In "Divya Bhaskar", these unused paper reeds are collected and set to rewinding machine. Here all the layers are rewind and one full reed is made, so that they can use it for printing purpose next time and they can get best from their waste.

4. Bailing press machine

During printing process, first few copies have some error in it so such copies are not circulated. It is estimated that everyday 300 to 400 copies have error so such copies are kept in bailing press machine and such scrap is compressed which becomes more easy for workers to dispose such scrap rather than disposing off bundles of newspaper. This machine is mainly used to compress the waste papers.

5. Strapping machine

This machine is mainly used to pack the printed newspaper into bundles. In “Divya Bhaskar” mostly bundles of 50 and 100 are prepared using stacker machine.

6. Computer to plate machine (CTP)

Here specimen of paper, prepared by editor in form of soft copy on computer is pasted on thermal plate.

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7. Plate processor

In this machine, the data pasted on thermal plate using CTP machine is exposed to laser beam so that data pasted on thermal plate can be seen. After exposition of thermal plate to laser beam, one can see data on thermal plates.

8. Oven

Here thermal plates are kept for baking at 300 degree Celsius. Thermal plates are baked so that it will last for long time during printing process.

9.

Gumming machine

Here thermal plates are wasted properly and gum is applied on thermal plates.

Factors affecting plant location

Main objective of any organization is to minimize the cost of production, increase profit and to achieve goals set by organization. Location is an important factor to be considered as it can reduce costs and help in achieving goals of organization. “Divya Bhaskar” has considered following factor before establishing unit at Udhana.

1. Availability of land

Land was available at cheap rate to “Divya Bhaskar” in Udhna. Before Divya Bhaskar, on the same location there was a theater hall which reduced the construction cost for the company and this was the main factor to select this location.

2. Nearness of market

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in early morning at 5 o‟clock. They have to make an arrangement for hawkers and agency person. Distribution work becomes easy from Udhna. Nearness of market is important from the point view of control over the market.

3. Transport facility

Udhana railway station is located at a distant of 1km from Divya Bhaskar so company can easily transport newspaper to Vapi, Navsari, Valsad, and Bharuch through train.

4. Power facility

In Udhana, there is well developing industrial area known as Udhana Udhyog Sangh, where all the amenities are available. Power is most important amenity required in the process of production and for transporting finished goods and raw material.

5. Storage of raw material

If Storage of material is not done properly, then it sometimes works as a hurdle in production process. So it is very necessary factor in the business. In Divya Bhaskar there is a very huge warehouse for the storage. Warehouse of the Divya Bhaskar has a clean floor so paper wastage is minimum.

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Details about printing machines

Details Orient 36 Orient 30

Manufacturing Date

May-05 Feb-04

Installation 12th January,2006 20th February,2004

Type Static Gripper

Cut off 546mm 546mm

Copies 36000/ hour 30000/hour

Plate size 576*780 554*780

Configuration 20pages color or 12 pages color/8black

20pages color or 12 pages color/8black

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Material handling equipments

There are hundreds types of handling equipment, only few of them are used in "Divya Bhaskar ". Details of the equipment are given below:

1.

Conveyor belt

Conveyer belt is used for travelling goods from one place to another. If the goods are bulky or in large quantity, conveyer belt is convenient to use. It saves time as well as manpower. In “Divya Bhaskar” conveyor belt is used to travel newspapers from main machine to stacker machine.

2. Reel shaft

The reels of paper in "Divya Bhaskar” are of 400 to 500 kg in weight. There is a hole in center of reels and to lift these reels “reel shaft " is used. Reel shaft is used to lift reels easily and to fit reels in to printing machine.

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3. Rubber roller trolley

In "Divya Bhaskar” this trolleys are used to arrange all rubber rolls in a proper manner in store and during production. Thus wastage and damage can be minimized.

4. Four clip machine

Four clip machine is use to unload or upload heavy materials. Four

clip machines have hydraulic dumper which is helpful in uploading heavy weight up to 500kgs. In "Divya Bhaskar" reels are used which are very heavy. So this machine helps in managing reels from truck to store.

5. Fork lift truck

It is used in "Divya Bhaskar" to lift ready bundles of newspaper from place of production to the dispatching area.

Production plan

The basic responsibility of production department is to manufacture various products in time. Production manager have to get sales forecast of various products to be manufacture product. For a big organization, this forecast can be obtained from sales plan of marketing department. In small companies this estimate can be made by market analysis. For a multi product company, it is essential to know

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priorities of marketing department i.e. which products are needed first and which can be delayed. After understanding sales forecasts from marketing department or by analyzing market, it is necessary to decide quantities of various products in production plan.

According to Divya Bhaskar “IF YOU DON‟T KNOW WHERE YOU ARE GOING, YOU MIGHT NOT GET THERE.” The only way to effectively know where you are going is to have a good process to generate a production plan.

Production plan means “A document that contains a list of material and equipment needed to manufacture a finished product that also specifies which operations will be performed in-house or out-of-house.”

In Divya Bhaskar the production planning document typically starts with a sales forecast, or sales plan usually supplied by the marketing people. From the production planning document all other processes start. The production planning document includes material, labor, capacity, machines and technology and training.

Main purpose of production department is to save cost, provided good quality at better price and ultimate goal is there should not be any product shortage. To meet the above goals company makes production plan as under:

1. Circulation managers receive sales orders from different customer through vendors. After collecting all the orders, manager will prepare work order and send it to Production manager.

2. Production schedule is prepared. The purpose of making production schedule is to meet the demand of the product. Production manager gets work order from circulation department then production manager prepares production schedule to publish quality product as per order placed by customers.

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3. Production schedule is prepared so that manager can make sure that raw materials are available in proper quantity required for production.

4. If raw materials are unavailable in quantity required by manager, production manager prepares “Requisition form” and send it to store manager and if goods are of high quality then form is send to head office

5. Production manager decides which operation is to be performed on different machine at different time in production schedule.

Inventory valuation method

Inventory refers to the stock on hand at a particular time of raw material, goods-in-process of manufacturing, finished products, merchandise purchased for resale, and the like, tangible assets which can be seen, measured and counted. In connection with financial statement and accounting records, the reference may be to the amount assigned to the stock of goods owned by an enterprise at a particular time. Inventory includes material like

 Raw material

 Semi-finished goods

 Finished goods

There are three methods of valuating inventory. They are:

1) First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

This method assumes that the goods are sold in order which they are received, i.e. those goods which were received first, were sold first.

2) Last-In, First-Out (LIFO)

This method assumes that last unit purchased is used or sold first and earlier purchases remain in stock.

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3) Weighted average method (WAM)

Under this method, the stock is valued at an average cost of various lots purchased during the year. This system is applied when the goods purchased at different times during the year are so mixed up that it is not possible to separately recognize the different lots purchased.

In Divya Bhaskar, FIFO method of valuating inventory is followed.

Inventory control techniques

Inventory Control is defined as, “The process of controlling timing and Quantities of two inventory transactions. The first is purchase or acquisition of inventory and the second is usage of inventory.”

In a large organization they carry inventories of thousands of items. It is therefore essential to classify inventories into various groups and then to exercise selective inventory control. There are various parameters on the basis of which inventories can be classified:

 ABC analysis  VED analysis  FSN analysis  HML analysis  SDE analysis 1. ABC analysis

It is popularly known as “Always Better Control”. According to this analysis, there should be a differential treatment for various classes of inventory on the basis of its monetary value. This monetary value is consumption value of various products.

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BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT Page 53 Class % Consumption Value % No of Items A 70% 10% B 20% 20% C 10% 70%

A Class of items are those items which are those 10% of top consumption items who contribute 70% in consumption value. B Class of item are those items are which are 20% in terms of number of items and also consumption value. All remaining items are c class item. They are 70% of number of items but their value wise contribution is 10%. In Divya Bhaskar, ABC analysis is followed to control inventory.

 A class of Items

These items are of high Rupee consumption volume. “A” class of items usually includes 10-20% of all inventory items, and accounts for 60-70% of the total consumption value. At “Divya Bhaskar” Ink, paper and Aluminum Plates are included in the “A” class of items. These items are monitored by the top management. For these items, top management will be involved in everything right from price negotiations up to storage. These items are frequently reviewed for stock levels, price controls and reduction in wastage. High stock is not permitted for this class of item as it causes immediate blockage of working capital. For “A” class of items emphasis should be on developing more than one reliable supplier. Organizations try to develop suppliers in areas which are geographically near.

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 B class of Items

“B” classes of items are those items are which 20% in terms of inventory are and their consumption value is also 20%. At “Divya Bhaskar” Stationary, Bearing, Packing material, and tools are included in “B” class of items. These items are monitored by middle level people in the organization. High stock level is permitted for these classes of items. These items are not reviewed frequently.

 C class of Items

“C” classes of items are those items are which 70 % inventory is but their consumption value is only 10%. These items are lower-cost and readily available in the market. At “Divya Bhaskar” Screws, Staplers, Pins, Oil, Nuts and Bolts are included in “C” class of items. These items are monitored by lower level employees like officers & executives. These items may not be reviewed formally. These items are highly used items in the organization so that for these items they have to keep maximum stock.

Different records kept in store

Different Company adopts its own method to maintain record regarding various spare parts of machinery in storehouse. Majority of company kept monthly record as well as three monthly records. The main aim behind it‟s to measure the requirement & stock of different spare parts.

“Divya Bhaskar” keeps stock of various spare parts of machinery required by various departments as per its maintenance schedule. Moreover, they keep less stock of spare parts available in local market, while unavailable spare parts are imported from outside by inviting quotation of various companies. The company keeps stock of these types of spares parts by ordering in large quantity to save

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ordering cost and to get benefit of cash discount. They have stock of stationary items like Files, Invoice, stapler, pins, Bill Book, pages, stationary, etc.

Any break downs occurs in a machines then required spar parts are replaced immediately if it is available in store. Store manager has to inform the authorized person of that department for the replacement of spare parts to get Approval Letter from him, which is kept as record in store department. Following records are kept in Store Department. Sr. No Product Name Dept. Name

Quantity Quality Date Remarks Sign

Purchase procedure

The main function of store is to store all stationary and material that is used in whole organization. Material used in production such as ink, plate, chemical, blanket, film etc. Store in charge also maintains records of the stock. If there is any requirement (INDENT) from any department then department head sent the requisition slip for their requirement. Store in charge accept the requisition and check that whether the required material or stationary is there in stock or not. If it is there in stock then he will issue the material to the department from where the requirement is made.

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However, if the required material is not there in stock then store send the requirement to the purchase department. And it invites the quotation from the different supplier. Moreover, accept the quotation with least price. Then it sends the purchase order to the supplier. Than Purchase in charge send to the account department the purchase voucher along with copy of bill and purchase order book for making payment. Account department first make cross check and arrange for the payment. Following are the documents that are maintained by the purchase and store:

1. Stock requisition receipt 2. Purchase order book 3. Inward register

4. G.R note (goods receipt) 5. Returnable gate pass 6. Non-returnable gate pass 7. Branch transfer gate pass

Material Requirement Slip

Date:

Sr .No Material Quantity Quality Stock in hand

Prepared by: Department head: Store in charge: In charge: Signature: Signature:

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Material receipt procedure

In “Divya Bhaskar”, supplier delivers the material to the receipt section of the store department along with a supplier's advice note. This note is supplied to the receipt section through the driver of the carrier. As soon as the company receives the material, the receipt clerk signs the delivery challan in testimony to the fact that he has received the materials recorded in the document. Further the receipt clerk of company records the material details in material receipt file in computer. This file contains following details.

 Challan number and date

 Date and Time of receipt

 Suppliers' name

 Quantity

 Carrier‟s details

 Goods inward note reference

 Rejection memo reference

Company also prepares material checking book as per following specimen. Immediately after getting the receipt of the material and making necessary entries in the materials receipt book, the storekeeper proceeds to check the quantity of the material with the help of the purchased order placed by company. The person also checks the quality of raw material and notes the necessary details in the material-checking book.

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BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT Page 58 Inward No. & Date Challan No. Supplier Name Material QTY Recd.

Rate Amount Remark Sign

Maintainance system

Maintenance means, “Actions performed to keep some machine functioning.” One unscientific way is to repair machines only when they give some wrong symbols like vibration, complete shut down, excess noise etc. Proper way is to go for periodic preventive maintenance at regular intervals.

Divya Bhaskar follows the periodic preventive maintenance which will save money, save time and increases the production of news paper. Divya Bhaskar follows following maintenance schedule:

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1. Monthly Maintenance:  Bearing Condition‟s Checking

 Roller Hardness Checking

2. Fortnightly Maintenance:  Roller Deglazing

3. Daily:

 Strip Checking

4. Cleaning Procedure:  Gear Box & Oil Filter – Quarterly

 Slot & Gripper – Monthly

 Ink Duck - Fortnightly

5. Blankets:

 Replacements of Blankets-After 70days

 Deglazing of Blankets-Every Fortnightly

Quality control system

Quality control is that technique by which products of uniform and acceptable quality are manufactured. Quality control is the used to control activities design to ensure that good or service meets its proclaimed standard, which may relate to material, reliability, time or any quantifiable characteristics. As with any control activity, quality control involves:

 Measurement

 Feedback

 Comparison with a standard

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In “Divya Bhaskar ” quality control are performed through inspection at every stage of production. So that wastage can be eliminated or minimize. Again raw material & other inputs need are inspected before it enters the manufacturing process, because company believes that quality of output depends upon the quality of input. Moreover technical person also makes inspection of machines and tools used in production, to provide smooth flow and quality production.

1. Page Making:-

“Divya Bhaskar” put main focus on Printing Quality of news paper. Page making department receive pages with Photographs from Editorial Department. Those Photographs are converted in to CMYK (Cyan, Megenta, Yellow, Black) form for better printing quality.

2. Gumming Machine:-

Plates are made on Plate Making Machine. Then these plates are washed with water so that all spots can be removed from plates. Then these plates are inserted into Gumming Machine. A layer of gum on plates protect them from any

kind of scratches.

3. Work in Process:-

During the running time of printing, continuously water is forced on plates and blankets with the help of electric motor. So that plates and blankets as being wet, do not catch extra ink. So that printing on paper done only on fix area not more than that. So news paper looks neat and clean.

4. Quality of Paper :-

Quality of paper is also one of the inputs that affect quality of news paper. “Divya Bhaskar” uses imported paper. So that the first and last pages which are very important pages, they look better.

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Finance

Department

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According to RAYMOND CHAMBERS “Financial management comprises the forecasting, planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and controlling of all activities relating to acquisition and application of financial resources of an undertaking in keeping with its financial objectives.”

Functions of finance department

 Finance department can be called "Heart" for any organization.

 Finance department does the work of scheduling of the advertising.

 Billing department create the bill of the advertisement.

 Recovery department looks after the recovery from advertisement agency and direct clients.

 Accounting department looks after the bookkeeping and maintains the accounts of the organization.

 Newsprint department looks after the issue of paper rolls to the production department and maintains record of the waste and paper rolls.

 Purchase looks after purchasing of all the material required.

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