GIS Based Crime Analysis System

BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS TESIS

JUDUL: GIS BASED CRIME ANALYSIS SYSTEM SESI PENGAJIAN : 2007/2008

Saya KAMIL HASSAN BIN AHMAD SUKKRI

Mengaku membenarkan tesis (PSM/sarjana/Doktor Falsafah) ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dengan syarat-syarat kegunaa seperti berikut:

1. Tesis dan projek adalah hakmilik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.

2. Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja

3. Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dibenarkan membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.

4.

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Sila tandakan (/)

SULIT

TERHAD

(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKT A RAHSIA RASMI 1972)

(Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang te1ah ditentukan o1eh organisasi!badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan

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TERHAD

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(T AND AT ANGAN PENULIS) (TANDA T ANGAN PENYELIA) Alarnat tetap:

N 26, Jalan Lundu 1, Taman Beringin, Jinjang Kuala Lumpur

Tarildl: 12 November 2007

PROFESOR MADYA DR NANNA SURYANA

GIS BASED CRIME ANALYSIS SYSTEM

KAMIL HASSAN BIN AHMAD SUKKRI

This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Computer Science (Software Development)

FACULTY OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY UNNERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA :MELAKA

2007

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this project report entitled

GIS BASED CRIME ANALYSIS SYTEM

Is written by my own effort and that no part has been plagiarized

without citations.

STUDENT Date: 1 'Z / I 1 / u:;c~

1-(KAMIL AN BIN AHMAD SUKKRJ)

SUPERVISOR:

w

~

~ Date:

DEDICATION

To all my beloved family and friends

Whose boundless love and support replenishes and enriches my soul to complete this thesis. Thanks for being my inspiration and encouragement

ACKNOWLEDGE:M:ENTS

It's my greatest pleasure to acknowledge these people whose name may or may

not appear in the product, but whose hard work, guidance, cooperation, friendship and

understanding were crucial to the development of this report. Many people have devoted

long hours for this report. Without them, this report would not have been possible. J have tried to reflect this in the acknowledgement, but if there have been any omissions, my

sincerely apologize for the oversight.

This report was prepared under the general direction and being supervised by my

supervisor, Pn Nurazlina Bt Mohd Sanusi, who totally has given a lot of effort giving

comments and guidance to ensure that the report being done successfully. Her advices and

opinions have leaded me to develop this report in proper way. Under a tight time schedule,

she scrutinizes every aspect of the project and made countless suggestions for improving the

accuracy and the completeness of the report. She was the one who always there to help me in

any kind of time.

Thanks to my friends for always supporting and sharing knowledge with me. Their

opinion and positive critics have built confidents in me.

Thank you very much to all for improving the quality of the report. As well as people

who will use the project that will be developed, I would sincerely appreciate your comments,

ABSTRACT

FTMK Industrial Training System (FITPS) is base on latest technology where management becomes easier, quicker and more efficient. FITPS is a complete web based system for administrator, student, and industry to help FTMK in better management in placement industry training for FTMK student. By the way the flexible features can support multiple users enables them to apply industry training through on this system.

ACKNO~'LEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the

possibility to complete this documentation. I want to thank my lecturer, Puan

Zahriah bt Othman and Puan Safiza Suhana bt Kamal Baharin for proposing this

project to me. Both them contribute many resources and ideas in developing the

system.

I am deeply indebted to my supervisor Professor Madya Dr. Nanna Suryana

whose help, stimulating suggestions and encouragement helped me in all the time of

Projek Sarjana Muda (PSM) for and writing of this docwnentation.

I would be remiss if I did not thank to all my friends, who gave me supports

and encouraged me in order to complete this report as well. The supports are always

making me strong and though enough to encounter any issues regarding the PSM

ABSTR.A.CT

GIS Based Crime Analysis System is developed for Jaw enforcement in order to solve the problem willie using the current system. TI1e cuiTent system is truly unsatisfied whlch made the Jaw enforcement suffer to analyze the crime data and problem in filing the system. The system not only makes the work faster but also it can store the complain and investigation information and produce statistic in various form. While developing the system, the SSADM approach were used where Waterfall model as the methodology. The system is programmed using Coldfusion and combined with Adobe Flash running on Apache ·web server and Windows. At the end of development, hope that the system can help the law enforcement to combat the crime and reduce the crime rate at the future.

.~STRAK

IV

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT ii

ABSTRAK iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iv

LIST OFT ABLES ,,ii

LIST OF FIGURES

,

,iii

LIST OF ABBREVIATONS X

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS xi

CHAPTER I 1

1.1 Project Background 1

1.2 Problem Statement 2

1.3 Scope 4

1.3.1 Target User 4

1.3.2 Modules 4

1.3.3 Where to Implement the System 5

1.3.4 Specific Platform 5

1.4 Project Significant 5

v

1.5

Expected Output 5

1.6

Conclusion

6

CHAPTER II 8

2.1

Introduction 8

2.2

Fact and Finding 9

2.2.1

Domain 9

2.2.2

Existing System 9

2.2.3

Teclmique

16

2.3

Project Methodology 19

2.3.1

Waterfall Model

20

2.4

Project Requirement

23

2.4.1

Software Requirement

23

2.4.2

Hardware Requirement

24

2.5

Project Schedule and Milestone

25

2.6

Conclusion

27

CHAPTER III 28

3.1

Introduction

28

3.2

Problem Analysis

28

3.3

Requirement Analysis

30

3.3.1

Data Requirement

30

3.3.2

Functional Requirement

30

3.3.3

Non-functional Requirement

38

3.3.4

Other Requirement

38

3.4

Conclusion

41

VI

4.2.1 System Architecture 43

4.2.2

User Interface Design 44

4.2.3

Database Design

58

4.3

Detailed Design

67

4.3.1

Softvvare Specification

67

4.3.2

Physical Database Design

74

4.4 Conclusion

80

CHAPTERV 81

5.1

Introduction 81

5.2

Software Development Environment Setup

82

5.2.1

Preparation of Development Environment

82

5.2.2

Sofu~>.'are and Hardware Acquisition

82

5.2.3

Overview of Development Setup

83

5

.

3

Software Configuration Management

89

5.3.1

Configuration Enviromnent Setup

89

5.3.2

Version Control Procedure

89

5.4

Implementation Status 92

5.5

Conclusion

93

CHAPTER VI 94

6.1 Introduction

94

6.2

Test Plan

94

6.2.1

Test Organization

95

6.2.2

Test Environment

9

5

6.2

.3

Test Schedule

96

6.3

Test Strategy

97

6.3.1

Classes of Test

97

6.4

Test Design

98

VII

6.4.1 Test Description

99

6.4.2

Test Data

101

6.5

Test Result and Analysis

102

6.6

Conclusion

1

02

CHAPTER VII

103

7.1 Observation on Weaknesses and StTengths

103

7.2 Propositions for Improvement

1

04

7.3 Contribution

104

7.4 ConcJusion

105

REFERENCES

106

APPENDIX A GANTT CHART

108

APPENDIX B USER MANUAL

111

Vlll

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

Table 2.1: Software requirement during development 23

Table 2.2: Software requirement for server 23

Table 2.3: Software requirement for client 23

Table 2.4: Hardware requirement of sen'er 24

Table 2.5: lvfilestone for GIS Based Crime Analysis System 25

Table3.1: Functional requirement of Crime Analysis System 30

Table 3.2: Non-functional Requirement 38

Table 3.3: Nen,.rork Requirement 41

Table 4.1: Input Designs 53

Table 4.2: Example of Comparison between two ranges of month (.Tan-2007 to

May-2007) and (Jun-2007 to Dec-2007)) in Statistic module. 56

Table 4.3: Logical Database design data 62

Table 5.1: GIS Based Crime Analysis System versioning 90

Table 5.2: Crime Analysis System 92

Table 6.1: Crime Analysis Enviroment Setup 95

Table 6.2: Crime Analysisi System with GIS and sub component 96

Table 6.3: Test Schedule 96

Table 6.4: Test data (Pengadu) 101

Table 6.5: Test Case Result 102

JX

LIST OF FIGURES

[image:15.576.89.524.235.768.2]

TABLE TITLE PAGE

Figure 2.1: Tally system mark 10

Figure 2.2: Mapping the crime into map using thumbnail 11

Figure 2.3: The integration of Analyst's Workstation with 4 element of system. 13

Figure 2.4: iBase, the main application 13

Figure 2.5: Analysis Notebook 14

Figure 2.6: iBase GIS Interfaces 15

Figure 2. 7: Waterfall Model 20

Figure 3.1: System decomposition diagram of Crime Analysis System 32

Figure 3.2: Context Diagram for Crime Analysis System 33

Figure 3.3: Level 0 DFD for Crime Analysis System 34

Figure 3.4: Levell DFD for process 1, Administration 35

Figure 3.5: Level 1 DFD for process 2, Complain 35

Figure 3.6: Level 1 DFD for process 3, Investigation and Summary 36

Figure 3.7: Level4 DFD for process 4, Statistic 36

Figure 3.8: Levell DFD for process 5, Crime Mapping 37

Figure 4.1: The Three-tier Architecture 43

Figure 4.2: Network Architecture 44

Figure 4.3: Login page design 45

[image:15.576.90.522.262.785.2]

[image:16.586.89.523.54.517.2]

Figure 4.7: RJH information

Figure 4.8: Address Picker Figure 4.9: RJH Details

Figure 4.10: Upload photo in RJH Figure 4.11: Statistic Example

Figure 4.12: Chart Example in statistic Figure 4.13: Map Application

Figure 4.14: Address Mapper

Figure 4.15: Navigation flow of GIS Based Crime Analysis System Figure 4.16: Output of Map Application

Figure 4.17: Entity Relationship Diagram Figure 5.1: Overview of Development Setup Figure 5.2: Installation wizard of Apache

Figure 5.3: Installation success

Figure 5.4: Selecting Server Configuration at the Installer Configuration screen.

Figure 5.5: Selecting component to be installed as services

Figure 5.6: Selecting the Built-in Server option at the Configure ·web Server screen

Figure 5.7: Configw·e web server

Figure 6.1: Sample of Unit Test Cases Form

©

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

DBMS DFD EMIS

ERD

FK GUI IE

LAN

OOADM PK PSARSS SDLC SSADM UTeM RJH XI

LIST OF ABBREVIATONS

- Database Management System

-Data Flow Diagram

-Education Management and Information System

-Entity Relationship Diagram

-Foreign Key

-Graphical User Interface

- Internet Explorer

-Local Area Network

- Object Oriented Analysis and Design Method

-Primary Key

- Primary School Achievement Retrieval Support System

-Software Development Life Cycle

- Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method

-Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

CH..<\.PTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background

Crime analysis is a method that used by Jaw enforcement to reduce, prevent,

and to solve crime, disorder, and quality of life issues. Our law enforcement in

Malaysi~ Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM), has used this method in order to protect

the civilization.

The system bas several functions which are crime complain, case investigation

and statistics. By the request of the customer, police department; the system can

show the statistic in geographical map form which requires GIS based technology.

By integrating GIS into, the user could see the analysis report in geographical form,

by example if the crime places are ticked in map, then user could determine which

area has highest crime rate.

The project is developed especially for Police Department. For starting, the

system will be used at IPD Melaka Tengah Bukit Beruang. The current system can

key in records and print them but there is no analysis features. As proposed by I.PD,

the new system would integrate report module, investigation, analysis and map.

2

1.2 Pmblcm Statement

We have identified some problems associated whh the existing system for

crime analysis in Malaysia. This is caused mainly by lack of a proper requirement

analysis and incomplete.

Furthermore, IPD use traditional statistical information in crime analysis and to

reveal crime pa:ttems. Even they also still use filling system to kept data such as

police report and Ringkasan Jenayah Harian (Rill), but they are not able to e>rtract

the data into statistic form. If they want to make a report or analysis, the police officer needs to open every single file in the cabinet to find the file. They also facing

problem to maintain the database because they don't have a centralized database. All

method that they used above is time consuming roughly. Thus, the achievements of combating crime are slow and this is not good.

The current system they have cannot generate report and they need to do it

manually. The way they use now would be primjtive as they must count manually on

crime cases to make statistic.

In order to combat crime more effective, v .. re proposed to use crime mapping.

Crime mapping can help in defining which the 'hotspot' of crime is. Apparently, they

have to use paper map and mark the location of crime using thumbnail, thus by

Objective

• To develop GIS Based Crime Analysis System

GIS Based Crime Analysis will be developed through this PSM course.

• To manage police complain and investigation iT?formation.

All basic transaction such as add, update and search can be done by user within the system.

• To produce statistical analysis

System can produce various type of statistic depend of user's requirement.

• To integrate the analysis with geographical display.

The system will automatically generate map with crime statistic.

• To make data processing better and work faster.

The system will be better and faster in data processing and accessing. The fact that it is an online system will make it accessible anyv·.rhere if there is an

intemet connection. Tllis will make police work become easier and faster to solve crime. By making crime analysis, the chances of crime prevent is high.

©

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

1.3 Scope

Scopes of GIS Based Crime Analysis System include the target user, modules

of the system, specific platform and resources.

1.3.1 Target User

The target user will be police officer in police department. They are divided to three types of user:

a. Complain Receh,er.

This user can input complain information that received from crime

infonner.

b. Investigator.

4

This user has higher level than Complain Receiver user. Not only can

access complain infom1ation, this user can manage investigation information.

c. Administrator.

User that highest level in system. This user can access all area in system and manage user infonnation.

1.3.2 :Modules

a. Complain

User can insert and update information of complain of crime here.

b. Investigation

Investigator may key in infonnation of cases here.

c. Statistic

Users can generate statistic base on user's defme.

5

1.3.3 'Vhere to Implement the System

GIS Based Crime Analysis System is developed to be used at Ibu Pejabat

Polis Daerah Melaka Tengah (IPD Melaka Tengah) which are required by them to do

analysis.

1.3.4 Specific Platform

The operating systems that use for this project are Microsoft Windows

operating system. It can be Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003 or

Windows 2000. This platform required Coldfusion MX 7 to be installed.

1.4 Project Significant

Thls project can give many benefits to police department and society. The

system can be used as tool to analyze and make decision of the spatial pattern and

processes of crime. If they able to find the crime pattern including hot spot area in

fast way, it would assist their patrol and increase their prevention activities.

J .5 Expected Output

As the system complete, user may able to record the report into database, print

them and they can input further detail about investigation information. After the

information of crime has recorded, the analysis of the system can be produced

whether in statistical data or in geographical data.

6

Lei Conclusion

Advances in computer technology and analytical techniques have given crime

analyst increasingly powerful toolboxes which to find the spatial pattern and

processes crime. By using the system, it can help to save time cost. increase crime

management capability and to empower the law enforcement organization. The next

chapter will discuss about literature review and methodology. The literature review is

very important in order to know others system features and somehow make

comparison between the existing system and the performed system. In addition, the