ﯽﻨﯿﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﻣﺎﻣ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هرود / 4 هرﺎﻤﺷ ، 1 / رﺎﻬﺑ 1394 / 38 -27 ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ
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رد رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﺳرﺮ
ﻞﻏﺎﺷ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﯽﻫﺎﺸﯿﻠﻋ هداز ﻢﺳﺎﻗ ﻞﻀﻔﻟاﻮﺑا
1 *ﯽﻌﯿﺑر ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ،
1ﯽﻟﺎﻄﯿﺑ هداز ﻢﻇﺎﮐ يﺪﻬﻣ ،
2 1 نﺎﺠﯾﺎﺑرذآ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ ﺪﯿﻬﺷ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ؛ناﺮﯾا ،ﺰﯾﺮﺒﺗ ، 2 .ناﺮﯾا ،ﻪﯿﻣورا ،ﻪﯿﻣورا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد :ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ 27 /3 / 93 ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ شﺮﯾﺬﭘ : 12 / 11 / 93 :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا هدﺮﺑ ﯽﭘ ﺞﯾرﺪﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ راﻮﺷد و هﺪﯿﭽﯿﭘ ﺪﻬﻌﺘﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا يوﺮﯿﻧ ﻦﺘﺷاد نوﺪﺑ ،زوﺮﻣا ﺪﻨﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ردﺎﻗ ﺺﺼﺨﺘﻣ و يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ يﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ رد ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ .ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ نوﺰﻓا زور نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ ﻢﻠﻋ رد ﯽﮔزﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا يا ﻪﻨﯾﺰﮔ ﺎﻫ ) ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ 1 ( . و ﺖﯾاﺪﻫ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ رد ﺮﺛﻮﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ دﻮﺟو و ﺎﻫ ﻖﯿﻗد يﺎﻫ ﯿﻧ و ﺎﻫ تروﺮﺿ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و ترﺎﻈﻧ يﺎﻫزﺎ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ يراﺰﺑا و هدﻮﺑ ﺪﻣآرﺎﮐ مﺎﻈﻧ ﮏﯾ رد ﺮﯾﺬﭘﺎﻧ بﺎﻨﺘﺟا ﻮﺳ زا يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ و ترﺪﻗ ﺮﺑ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ و ترﺎﻈﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﻬﺟ يراﺰﺑا ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد و ﯽﻣﻮﻤﻋ تارﺎﯿﺘﺧا زا ﺎﻫ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺮﺗ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺳر ﺖﻣﺪﺧ و تﺎﻣﺪﺧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ددﺮﮔ ﯽﻣ ) 1 ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ .( ﺶﻟﺎﭼ و ﻢﻬﻣ ي رد روآ و يرادا يﺎﻫ مﺎﻈﻧ ﺖﺴﻫ و هدﻮﺑ ﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﺳﺎﯿﺳ ) 2 هﺎﮔﺪﯾد رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ و ( و ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺘﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ يرﻮﺌﺗ زا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ :هﺪﯿﮑﭼفﺪﻫ و ﻪﻨﯿﻣز
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ﮕﻧاﺮﺑ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ زا ﯽﮑﯾ نآ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ و يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﯿ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﺰ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر زا ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﺸﯾر و ﺖﺳا نﺎﻧآ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ سﺎﺴﺣا رد ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ار نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ و ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ .دﺮﮐ ﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ سﺎﺴﺣا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ يدﺮﻓ ﺮﺑ سﺮﺘﺳا ﯽﻠﻐﺷ و رﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ تاﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ندﻮﺑ:ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ شور
ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد – داﺪﻌﺗ ﯽﻠﯿﻠﺤﺗ 175 رد ﻞﻏﺎﺷ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ زا ﺮﻔﻧ يﺎﻫ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺖﯾآ ﷲا ﯽﻧﺎﺷﺎﮐ و ﺮﺟﺎﻫ رد دﺮﮐﺮﻬﺷ لﺎﺳ 1393 هداد يروآدﺮﮔ ياﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ دراو يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ زا ﺎﻫ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺮﺗراﻮﭼﺎﻫ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ، يرﻮﮔ ﮏﻣ و ﺎﺘﺳﺎﮐ و ﯽﮑﻟﻮﻣ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ، ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ و ﺖﻨﺑ و نﻮﺴﻨﯿﺑار و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ وﺰﯾر و سوﺎﻫ نﻮﻨﮑﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻂﺑاور .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ يﻮﮕﻟا رد هﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا و:ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺎﺑ يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ زا كاردا ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﺑ ناﺪﺟو ندﻮﺑ دﻮﺑ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ياراد ) 05 / 0 P< ؛ 25 / 0 r= ﻪﻄﺑار .( ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يراد ﻦﯿﺑ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ زا كاردا ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﺎﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ سﺮﺘﺳا ﯽﻠﻐﺷ و رﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﮐ هﺪﯾد ) ﺪﺸﻧ 05 / 0 P> (. ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻦﯿﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ناﺪﺟو سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ رﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ) ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ رﺎﮐ 05 / 0 P< ؛ 36 / 0 -r= ؛ 26 / 0 -r= .(:يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ
ﻃ ﻪﺑ يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ سﺎﺴﺣا ،دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ و يﺮﻈﻧ ﯽﻧﺎﺒﻣ ﻖﺒﻃ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ رﻮ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻖﺒﻃ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ رد رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ د ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﺛا ياراد ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﯾا ﺲﭘ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و سﺮﺘﺳا ﺮﺑ را ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﺛا ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ دﺮﮐ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا و ﯽﻠﻋ ار رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و سﺮﺘﺳا ﺮﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ .ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ هژاو :يﺪﯿﻠﮐ يﺎﻫ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ،ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ،ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ،يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ .ﯽﻣ دﺎﯾ نآ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺪﯾﺎﺷ .دﻮﺷ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ دﺮﮐ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا نآ ﺎﺑ ار ﺎﻫ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ناﻮﺘﺑ رﺎﻈﺘﻧا و ﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻧآ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ناﺰﯿﻣ و ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ تا يﺎﻫ ﻢﺴﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ نوﺪﺑ .ﺖﺳا مدﺮﻣ و ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ يﺎﻫ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ و مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﻨﻫاﻮﺧ ﯽﻣ ﻪﮐ ار ﻪﭽﻧآ ﺮﻫ داﺮﻓا ،ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻢﻫ رد و جﺮﻣ و جﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ داد ﺪﻨﻫاﻮﺧ ﯽﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻦﺘﺴﮑﺷ ) ددﺮﮔ 3 (. تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا هدﺮﮐ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ ﺮﯿﺧا تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺖﺴﯾﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ هرﺎﺑرد هﺪﻨﯾآ يدﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ د ار ﻨﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاو ر ﻨ ﺪ ) 4 (. زا توﺎﻔﺗ ﯽﻠﺒﻗ ناﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ ﻪﮐ يدﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻊﻗاو .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺒﻟا ﺮﺑ يﺮﻫﺎﻇ طﺎﺒﺗرا فﻼﺧ ، ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ هزﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يا ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ رﻮﻃ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ راﺮﻗ ﻣ رد ﻪﺘﺒﻟا . ﻪﮐ هﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ يا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄ ﺖﺤﺗ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ، نﺎﺷدﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ رد ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ داﺮﻓا ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺎﺑ داﺮﻓا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺗ ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ) 4 .( دﻮﺟو ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ Hall نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺎﺑ ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻦﯿﺑ ار يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار دﻮﺧ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ا ه ﺪﻧ ) 5 (. رد داﺮﻓا دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﯽﮑﯾ و ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ رد سﺮﺘﺳا ،ﺎﻫ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ هداد راﺮﻗ ﺮﻄﺧ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ار داﺮﻓا زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ) ﺖﺳا 6 و سﺮﺘﺳا عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺮﯿﺧا ﻪﻫد رد رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ .( رﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻠﺻا ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ رد نآ رﺎﺛآ ) ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ 7 ﺎﺟ ﺮﺜﮐا .( يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻪﻌﻣ رﺎﭼد دﻮﺧ يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻒﯾﺎﻇو مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ،ﺮﻣا ﻦﯿﻤﻫ و ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا .دراد ﯽﭘ رد ،ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ ﻪﺋارا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ار ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﺧ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ رﺎﮐ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ صﺎﺧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ و نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا بﻮﺴﺤﻣ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ردﺎﮐ رد ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻞﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ) ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ 10 -8 ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ سﺮﺘﺳا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ضراﻮﻋ .( ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ،ﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ و رﺎﮐ ) ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﻣا ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ناﺮﯾﺪﻣ 11 .( ﻊﻗاو رد ﺑ ﻪ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ رد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ،ﺪﻧراد هﺪﻬﻋ ﺮﺑ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﯿﺴﺑ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺶﺨﺑ رد ﻢﻬﻣ رﺎ ) ﺪﯾآ ﯽﻣ بﺎﺴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ 12 (. ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ و ﯽﻨﻤﯾا ﯽﻠﻣ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ) National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health= NIOSH ( ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز دﺮﻓ ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﯾ ﯽ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧ و ﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ ،ﺎﻫ ﻮﻣ ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ يو ) ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻧ دﻮﺟ 13 ( . ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺪﻫاﻮﺷ ﺰﯿﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻦﯾا زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ،رﺎﺸﻓ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﮐاو ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ياز سﺮﺘﺳا ﺗﺄ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﺑ يا هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺛ ) ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻔﯾا ﺎﻫ 14 رد .( عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﯾا زا ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ Sigel-Jacobs و Yates لﻻﺪﺘﺳا ،ﯽﻠﻐﺷ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ لﺎﺒﻗ رد ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ اد ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار يﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .د ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻖﺒﻃ يﺎﻫ Hall ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﯽﺳﺎﺴﺣا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا زا يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ رد ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺮﮕﯾد سﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ ) 15 .( ﺮﮕﯾد ﯽﯾﻮﺳ زا ﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﮕ ﺗ ﺐﺒﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮ ﺄ ﺑ ،ﺖﺑﺎﻗر ﺮﺑ شﺮﯿﺛ ﻪ رد صﻮﺼﺧ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ترﻮﺻ ، ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ) ﺪﻫد 16 (. يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﺮﮕﯾد زا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻢﻈﻋا ﺶﺨ ﻮﺗ ﺪﺿ ،ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر درﻮﻣ رد نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ،ﺪﯿﻟ رد ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ﺪﺿ و ﻦﺸﺧ و ﻪﻧاﺮﮕﺷﺎﺧﺮﭘ ،ﻪﻧﺎﯾﻮﺟ ﯽﻓﻼﺗ ،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﯾﺬﭘ ترﻮﺻ يرﺎﮐ و ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﻪﺻﺮﻋ و ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﯾا رﺎﺒﻧﺎﯾز ﺶﻘﻧ ﺮﺑ قﺎﻔﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺑ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧا هدﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﯿﮐﺄﺗ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻪ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻘﻠﺗ يرﺎﺘﻓر عﻮﻧ ﺮﻫ ،ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ،هﺪﻣآ ﻞﻤﻋ ﯾز ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﻨﺳ ،مﻮﺳر ،ﺪﻋاﻮﻗ ﻦﺘﺷاﺬﮔ ﺎﭘ ﺮ و ﺎﻫ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ و ﺖﺳا يﺪﻤﻋ ،هﺪﺷ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ نورد تارﺮﻘﻣ رد اﺮﺟا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ نآ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﺎﯾ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﺳر ﺐﯿﺳآ ) ﺪﯾآ ﯽﻣ 17 .( نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ دﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر درﻮﻣ رد ﺑ ار ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ و ﯽﺘﯿﻌﻗﻮﻣ ،يدﺮﻓ ﻪ ﻨﻋ ﯿﭘ ناﻮ ﺶ ﯽﻨﯿﺑ ي هﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﯿﻨ ﯽ رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ي ﺎﻣﺎﻣ و ﯽﯾ هرود / 4 هرﺎﻤﺷ ، 1 ﺎﻬﺑ / ر 1394 ﻦﯾا ) ﺪﻧا هدﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر 18 ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ نﺎﯿﻣ زا .( ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻨﯿﺑ ﺶﯿﭘ ﻪﺑ ردﺎﻗ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ﺮﭘ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﺧاد نﺎﯿﺑ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽﻧﺎﺒﻣ ﻖﺒﻃ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻦﯿﺑ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ، ا ﻦﯿﺑ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا سﺎﺴﺣ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ فﺮﻃ زا ﯽﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ ) 14،19 .( زا ﻊﻗاو رد ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ دﺎﯾ رﺎﮐ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ياز سﺮﺘﺳا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ دراد دﻮﺟو ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ) 17،20 ﻪﺑ .( روﺎﺑ Appelbaum نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و هراﻮﻤﻫ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ سﺮﺘﺳا روآ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ و ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺶﯾاﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ياراد ﻪﻄﺑار ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺖﺳا ) 21 .( ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ) ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ﺎﺑ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو 22 (. ﮔا ﺮ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻦﺷور ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ تروﺮﺿ ﻪﭼ ،ﺪﺳر ﯽﻣ ياﺮﺑ يدوﺪﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ لﺎﺣ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ ﺗ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺄ يور ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ تاﺮﯿﺛ ) ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ 23 ﺎﺑ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا ؛( ﺶﻘﻧ نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ تﺎﯿﺑدا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻂﺑاور رد ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺎﻫ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ ﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺳر ﻼﺧ ء ﺎﺑ و ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯾا رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﺧاد يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد ﯽﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﭻﯿﻫ نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺖﯾﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﯾا ﺖﻟﺎﺳر ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺸﻧ مﺎﺠﻧا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﯿﻣ رد ﻪﻨﯿﻣز سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻦﯿﯿﺒﺗ و ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ او ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ي ﻪﻄﺳ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻊﻗاو رد ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا يدﺮﮐرﺎﮐ ﺮﻫ ﮏﯾ زا ﻦﯾا ﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ رد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و دﻮﺒﻬﺑ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ يوﺮﯿﻧ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﯽﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ و ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ زوﺮﺑ و ﺰﯿﻧ عﻮﻧ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺮﻫ ﮏﯾ زا ﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﯾﺪﮑﯾ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫدﺮﺒﻫار ذﺎﺨﺗا يدﺮﮐرﺎﮐ رد ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﯾﻮﻘﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ و ﺰﯿﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ماﺪﻗا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ دﺮﮐ و زا ﻦﯾا ﻖﯾﺮﻃ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺮﻫ ﻪﭼ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ نﺪﺷ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺷ . شور :ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ زا و يدﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ،فﺪﻫ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ عﻮﻧ زا و ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآدﺮﮔ هﻮﺤﻧ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺑ و ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻪ ﯽﺑﺎﯾ لﺪﻣ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ رﻮﻃ ﯽﻠﯿﻠﺤﺗ لﺪﻣ رد .دﻮﺑ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ تﻻﺎﻌﻣ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ، ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ،ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا و ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯾا يرﺎﻣآ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ و ﯽﻧﺎﺷﺎﮐ ﷲا ﺖﯾآ يﺎﻫ رد ﺮﺟﺎﻫ لﺎﺳ 1393 ًﺎﻌﻤﺟ ﻪﮐ 760 ﺮﻔﻧ ) 480 دﺮﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ و 280 نز ﺮﻔﻧ ( دﻮﺑ ﺪﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ . شور ﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ تﻻاﻮﺳ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ داﺪﻌﺗ نآ رد ﻪﮐ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻨﺑ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ Schwab رد ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ لﺪﻣ شور لاﻮﺳ 4 ) دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد هﺪﻨﻫد ﺦﺳﺎﭘ 24 .( زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ شور ﻦﯾا 175 ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺮﻔﻧ زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ يرﺎﻣآ ناﻮﺗ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺖﯾﺎﻔﮐ 8 /0 ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ رد ﺮﻔﺻ ﻪﺑ ﮏﯾدﺰﻧ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ و ﺗ درﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ ﯾﺄ ،يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ شور .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﯿ ﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ ﯽﺘﺒﺴﻧ يا ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ي تﺎﻘﺒﻃ زا ﮏﯾ ﺮﻫ زا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ و ﺪﺣاو ، يرﺎﻣآ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺎﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻣ ، زا ﮏﯾ ﺮﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺣاو ﺎﻫ .ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﻌﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ ياﺮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد زور ﻪﺑ تﻻﺎﻘﻣ و ﯽﻤﻠﻋ تﻼﺠﻣ و ﺐﺘﮐ ،ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽﻔﯿﮐ ﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ و ياﺮﺑ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ را ﻊﻤﺟ ندروآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻤﮐ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآ ﺳ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻮ لا .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا يﺎﻫ و ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﯽﻗﻼﺧا لﻮﺻا ﺖﯾﺎﻋر ﺖﻬﺟ .ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ ﻞﯿﻤﮑﺗ
ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺘﺳد ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ اﺪﺘﺑا رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﺑ نﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﺋارا ﺎﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ياﺮﺑ ،ﺖﻘﻓاﻮﻣ ﺬﺧا زا ﺲﭘ فاﺪﻫا ﺢﯿﺿﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ فاﺪﻫا ﺢﯾﺮﺸﺗ و ﺢﯿﺿﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ ﺮﻫ ﻦﯿﺑ رد ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ياﺮﺟا ﯽﻠﺒﻗ ﺖﻗو ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ زﺎﻏآ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ،ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ نﺎﻨﯿﻤﻃا ﺎﻫ هداد ندﻮﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾوﺪﺗ و ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ياﺮﺟا .ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ لﺎﺳ رد 1393 .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﯾز حﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ رﺎﻬﭼ : 1 يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ياﺮﺑ :ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺑ ﮏﺗ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ ﮏﯾ زا ﯽﮐاردا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ يﺪﻌ ياراد 8 ﻂﺳﻮﺗ راﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ لاﻮﺳ Hochwarter نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ) 25 ﻦﯾا .( زا) تﺮﮑﯿﻟ يا ﻪﺟرد ﺖﻔﻫ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ =ﻢﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ 1 ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺎﺗ =ﻢﻘﻓاﻮﻣ 7 ( تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻒﯿﻃ ﺎﺑ زا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ 8 ﺎﺗ 56 زا) 1 ﺎﺗ 7 (تﺮﮑﯿﻟ ﻒﯿﻃ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ياﺮﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ رﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ يﺮ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﺮﻫ 8 ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ ﻞﮐ هﺮﻤﻧ ﮏﯾ و هﺪﺷ ﻊﻤﺟ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ ﻪﯾﻮﮔ يﺎﻔﻟآ راﺪﻘﻣ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد سﺎﯿﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا رد دﺮﻓ دﺪﻌﺘﻣ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺑ خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﮐ زا يا ﻪﻨﻣاد رد ﯽﺟرﺎﺧ 73 /0 ﺎﺗ 91 /0 هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ) ﺖﺳا 14،27 -25 اور ﯽﻠﺒﻗ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .( هزﺎﺳ ﯽﯾ ﺗ ﺰﯿﻧ ار هزﺎﺳ ﻦﯾا ندﻮﺑ يﺪﻌﺑ ﮏﺗ و ﯾﺄ ) ﺪﻧا هدﺮﮐ ﺪﯿ 21 .( يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺰﯿﻧ ﻞﺧاد رد راﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺎﭘ و ﯽﯾاور ﺗ درﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﺒﻗ ﯾﺄ ) ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﯿ 28،29 .( 2 ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ هداد :ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ نﻮﻣزآ ياﺮﺟا ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ندﻮﺑ NEO-PI-R ﻪﺨﺴﻧ) 60 ﺪﺑ (ﯽﻟاﻮﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳ Casta و Mackgori و نآ ﯽﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻪﯾﺮﻈﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ) ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﺎﻫ 32 -30 .( ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ﻪﻫﺎﯿﺳ ﻦﯾا رﺎﺒﺘﻋا ﻪﻨﯿﻣز رد ﯽﺷﺮﻓ ﯽﺳوﺮﮔ خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﮐ يﺎﻔﻟآ 56 /0 ﺎﺗ 87 /0 ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ياﺮﺑ ار نآ ﯽﻠﺻا يﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ . ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺑ ار ﻪﻫﺎﯿﺳ ﻦﯾا هزﺎﺳ ﯽﯾاور ﻪ ار نآ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و هدﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﯽﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﻠﯿﺳو ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ) 31 زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد .( ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﯽﺳرﺎﻓ هﺪﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﯾرﺎﺠﻨﻫ 60 ﯽﻟاﻮﺳ NEO-PI-R هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ ) 17 ياراد ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ .( 12 لاﻮﺳ ﻒﯿﻃ ﺎﺑ زا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ تاﺮﻤﻧ 12 ﺎﺗ 60 زا) 1 ﺎﺗ 5 ﻒﯿﻃ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ (تﺮﮑﯿﻟ ترﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ نﻮﻣزآ ﻦﯾا رد دﻮﺟو يا ﻪﺒﺗر ﺞﻨﭘ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺟرد سﺎﯿﻘﻣ ﮏﯾ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ شزرا ياراد ﻪﮐ دراد 1 ﺎﺗ 5 زا ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ .ﺖﺳا ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ زا يراﺬﮔ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﯾا ﺎﻫ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺎﺗ ﻢﻘﻓاﻮﻣ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ 1 ﺎﺗ 5 ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ و دﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﻣ ﻖﻠﻌﺗ ﺲﮑﻋ ﺮﺑ ﺮﮕﯾد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ . 3 -ا رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧ :رﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا زا ﯽﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ رﺎﮐ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ 15 ﯽﻟاﻮﺳ Mulki ) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و 33 و ( Robinson و Bennett ) 34 ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﯾا .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ( درﻮﻣ و ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و روﺮﭘ ﻞﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ناﺮﯾا رد ) ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا 35 سﺎﯿﻘﻣ .( ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﯾا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ رد ﻦﯾا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺶﺷ ﻪﺟرد يا ) ﺰﮔﺮﻫ = 1 ﺎﺗ ﻪﺸﯿﻤﻫ = 6 ( زا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻒﯿﻃ ﺎﺑ 15 ﺎﺗ 90 زا) 1 ﺎﺗ 6 ﺖﺳا (تﺮﮑﯿﻟ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ و زا ظﺎﺤﻟ ﯽﯾاور و ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺎﭘ زا ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﯽﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ ،ﺖﺳا رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺒﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﻞﮔ روﺮﭘ و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ) 10 ( ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺑ يﺎﻔﻟآ خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﮐ 89 /0 .ﺪﻧا هدﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ ار 4 ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ راﺰﺑا ﮏﯾ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا :ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا 6 ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟاﻮﺳ House و Rizzo ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ) 36 ) تﺮﮑﯿﻟ ﻒﯿﻃ ﺎﺑ راﺰﺑا ﻦﯾا .( 1 = ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺎﺗ ﻢﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ =ﻢﻘﻓاﻮﻣ 5 ( تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻒﯿﻃ ﺎﺑ زا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ 6 ﺎﺗ 30 زا) 1 ﺎﺗ 5 (تﺮﮑﯿﻟ ﻒﯿﻃ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﻈﻨﺗ . ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺑ خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﮐ يﺎﻔﻟآ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺗ درﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﺒﻗ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد ﯿﯾﺄ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪ ﺖﺳا ) 37 ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻤﻫ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﯽﺋﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ دروآﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ .( زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﯾﻮﮔ ﯽﻧورد .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﮐ يﺎﻔﻟآ شور ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ،ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ،ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﯽﺋﺎﯾﺎﭘ :ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا 70 /0 ، 80 /0 ، 70 /0 و 88 /0 ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ؛ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ .
ﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﯿﻨ ﯽ رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ي ﺎﻣﺎﻣ و ﯽﯾ هرود / 4 هرﺎﻤﺷ ، 1 ﺎﻬﺑ / ر 1394 ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاور ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ نآ رﺮﮑﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ندﻮﺑ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا دﻮﺟو ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد و ﻞﺧاد رد ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ و ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺸﻧاور يﺎﻫ ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺟا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ هداد ،رﻮﺸﮐ زا جرﺎﺧ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ هوﺮﮔ رد ، ﻦﯾا .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯽﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﯽﻓﺎﺸﺘﮐا ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ هﻮﯿﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ شور ﻪﺑ ﯽﻠﺻا ) PC ( راﺪﻘﻣ .ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺲﮐﺎﻤﯾراو ﺶﺧﺮﭼ ﺎﺑ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ KMO ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ (يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﯾﺎﻔﮐ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ) 78 /0 ﺖﻠﺗرﺎﺑ ﺖﯾوﺮﮐ نﻮﻣزآ ﯽﺧ راﺪﻘﻣ و 05 / 877 ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ 01 /0 ﻨﻌﻣ ﯽ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ و دﻮﺑ راد ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ و ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﯾﺎﻔﮐ ﺗ درﻮﻣ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﯽﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﯾﺄ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو و ﺪﯿ دوﺪﺣ ﯽﻌﯿﻤﺠﺗ 65 % ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ . ﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد رﻮ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ رﺎﻣآ زا ﯽﮔﺪﻨﮐاﺮﭘ و يﺰﮐﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ زا ﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﮔود ﻂﺑاور ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و نﻮﺳﺮﯿﭘ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻂﺑاور ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا يﻮﮕﻟا رد هﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا و نﻮﻨﮑﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾ لﺪﻣ زا ﯽﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ياﺮﺑ شور زا ﻞﯿﻟد ود ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ هداد ﻞﯿ ﯽﮑﯾ ؛ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نﻮﯿﺳﺮﮔر يﺎﺠﺑ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ و ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ نﺎﮑﻣا ﻞﯿﻟﺪﺑ يﺮﮕﯾد و ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ) ﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ندﻮﺑ نﻮﻨﮑﻣ 38 .( ﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎ: لوﺪﺟ هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 و ﮏﯿﻓاﺮﮔﻮﻣد تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يا ﻪﻨﯿﻣز نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ار نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ هوﺮﮔ ﮏﯾ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺷاﺪﻧ ﮏﯿﻓاﺮﮔﻮﻣد ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﻈﻧ لوﺪﺟ) ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ درﻮﻣ و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 (. لوﺪﺟ هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 : ﺮﮔﻮﻣد تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يا ﻪﻨﯿﻣز و ﮏﯿﻓا نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ /ﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺖﯿﺴﻨﺟ * دﺮﻣ 19 81 نز ﺢﻄﺳ تﻼﯿﺼﺤﺗ * ﻢﻠﭙﯾد قﻮﻓ و ﻢﻠﭙﯾد 14 ﺲﻧﺎﺴﯿﻟ 84 ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ و ﯽﻧﺎﺴﯿﻟ قﻮﻓ 2 ﺳ ﻦ ** 2/ 6 ± 0/ 31 ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ** 1/ 6 ± 7/ 7 * ؛ﺪﺻرد ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ** ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ± هﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا .ﺪﻧا هﺪﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ 54 /3 .دﻮﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ 4/ 3 ﯽﻨﻌﯾ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ و ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ 50 /1 ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ يﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ زا ﺮﺗ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﯽﻠﯿﺧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻣآ 5/ 3 ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ .ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ دﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ يﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺣ رد ﺰﯿﻧ هرﺎﻤﺷ لوﺪﺟ) ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ 2 .( ﻪﻄﺑار ﻪﺑ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر و ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ) 36 /0 -(r= يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ رد 01 /0 و ﻦﯿﺑ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻪﺑ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو و ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ) 25 /0 (r= يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ رد 05 /0 طﻮﺑﺮﻣ دﻮﺑ رد . ﻦﯿﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد لﺎﺣ ﻦﯿﻋ سﺮﺘﺳا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ سﺎﺴﺣا نآ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ هﺪﯾد ﺎﻫ ﺪﺸﻧ ) 05 /0 P> ( . ﻦﯿﺑ ود ﻪﺑ ود ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ تﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ لوﺪﺟ) ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ ﺮﯾز لوﺪﺟ رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ هرﺎﻤﺷ 2 .(
لوﺪﺟ هرﺎﻤﺷ 2 : و ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ هزﺎﺳ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ناﺪﺟو سﺮﺘﺳا ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ 1 -54 /3 65 /0 ناﺪﺟو * 25 /0 1 -26 /4 49 /0 ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا 02 /0 ** 26 /0 -1 -4/ 3 50 /0 رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر 11 /0 ** 36 /0 -11 /0 1 5/ 1 97 /0 * زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺢﻄﺳ رد يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ 05 /0 و ** ﻨﻌﻣ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽ زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺢﻄﺳ رد يراد 01 /0 .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻦﯿﻤﺨﺗ زا راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ رد ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ ) دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا هرﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﯾﻮﺼﺗ 1 ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ داﺪﻋا ﺰﯿﻧ و ( لوﺪﺟ) ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ رد ﺮﯿﺴﻣ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ هرﺎﻤﺷ 3 ( ،دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺗ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺟرد ﺮﺑ ود يﺎﮐ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ راﺪﻘﻣ و ﺖﺳا لﺪﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ شزاﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ يدازآ 37 /1 زﺎﺠﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ زا ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ و 3 راﺪﻘﻣ ،
(Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation= RMSEA) ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 061 /0 زا ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ و 08 /0 ﺮﺛا ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ ندﻮﺑ 47 /0 و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ يور ﺮﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺛا نآ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ ندﻮﺑ 45 /0 ﻪﺑ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ﻪﻤﻫ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ زا ﺮﯿﻏ رﺎﺘﻓر و سﺮﺘﺳا ﺮﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ﻪﻤﻫ ياﺮﺑ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ﻦﯾا رد ﺎﻫﺮﯿﺴﻣ لوﺪﺟ هرﺎﻤﺷ 3 نﻮﻣزآ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻣآ زا ﺮﺘﮔرﺰﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ 96 /1 زا ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ ﺎﯾ 96 /1 نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﺳا ﻂﺑاور ندﻮﺑ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ هﺪﻨﻫد ر يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ) تﺎﯿﺿﺮﻓ نﺪﺷ در ﺎﯾ رد لﺪﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ (ﻂﺑاو يﺎﻄﺧ ﺢﻄﺳ رد .ﺖﺳا يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ 05 /0 ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ (لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ضﺮﻓ ﺶﯿﭘ) ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ود نﻮﻣزآ و داﺪﻋا 96 /1 و 96 /1 -.ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ هرﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﯾﻮﺼﺗ 1 : ضوﺮﻔﻣ يﻮﮕﻟا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ هداد شزاﺮﺑ زا ﺲﭘ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ يﻮﮕﻟا لوﺪﺟ هرﺎﻤﺷ 3 : ﺗ ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ﺄ ﺖﯾﺎﺿر يور ﺮﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ و ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﺛ و سﺮﺘﺳا نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺎﻫ ﻪﯿﺿﺮﻓ ﺮﯿﺴﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺮﯿﺴﻣ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ T ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ← سﺮﺘﺳا 26 /0 450 /1 دراﺪﻧ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ← ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر 12 /0 79 /0 دراﺪﻧ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ← ناﺪﺟو 45 /0 96 /2 ﺮﺛا دراد ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ناﺪﺟو ← سﺮﺘﺳا 47 /0 -51 /2 -دراد ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﺛا ناﺪﺟو ← ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر 44 /0 -85 /2 -دراد ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﺛا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ← (ناﺪﺟو ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا) سﺮﺘﺳا 21 /0 -دراد ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣﺮﯿﻏ ﺮﺛا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ← (ناﺪﺟو ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا) ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر 20 /0 -دراد ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣﺮﯿﻏ ﺮﺛا 93 /0 = IFI ؛ 92 /0 = GFI ؛ 93 /0 = CFI ؛ 5 5/ 0 = RMSEA ؛ 75 /1 = /df 2 X ؛ 112 = df ؛ 75 / 195 = 2 X
ﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﯿﻨ ﯽ رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ي ﺎﻣﺎﻣ و ﯽﯾ هرود / 4 هرﺎﻤﺷ ، 1 / رﺎﻬﺑ 1394 ﺚﺤﺑ : ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ فﺪﻫ سﺎﺴﺣا ﺶﻘﻧ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺮﺑ يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ .دﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ داد توﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ يدﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ يﺎﻫ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ار دﺮﻓ شﺮﮕﻧ و شﺰﯿﮕﻧا دﺮﻓ ﺖﯿﺼﺨﺷ .ﺪﻧراد هﻮﯿﺷ و ﻞﻐﺷ ﮏﯾ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ تﺎﺋﺎﻀﺘﻗا ﻪﺑ دﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ يا ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ،ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ Hall نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﯽﻨﯿﺑ ﺶﯿﭘ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺖﯿﺼﺨﺷ دﻮﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يدﺮﻓ ) 5 ( ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا فﻼﺧ ﺮﺑ . ﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻦﯾا ،ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ هزﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ رﻮﻃ ﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يا ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .ﺖ Frink و Ferris ) 4 و ( Hall نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ) 5 دوﺪﻌﻣ زا ( ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ود ﻦﯾا ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .ﺪﻧا ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ Frink و Ferris ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺎﺑ داﺮﻓا ،ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺖﺤﺗ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺎﺑ داﺮﻓا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺗ نﺎﺷدﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ رد ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ) 4 .( Hall نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ود ﻦﯿﺑ ار يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار دﻮﺧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺰﯿﻧ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و قﻮﻓ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺪﻌﺑ رد . ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﯿﯿﺒﺗ يﺎﺘﺳار دﺮﮐ ناﻮﻨﻋ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ يدﺮﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و ندﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ داﺮﻓا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ رد ﻻﺎﺑ تاﺮﻤﻧ ياراد C ﻖﯿﻗد يداﺮﻓا ،ﻮﺌﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ دﺎﻤﺘﻋا ﻞﺑﺎﻗ و سﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﻗو ،ساﻮﺳو و ﺑ ﻪ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو زا رﺎﺘﻓر رد ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ و حﺮﻃ يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮐ ﻦﯾا يﺎﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ و ﺎﻫ ﻪﯾﺮﻈﻧ و ﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯾا رد ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ، ﺪﺳر ﯽﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ يا ﻪﻄﺑار ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد يدﺮﻓ ) 5 .( ﺶﻘﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻖﺒﻃ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ ﺗ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ﯿﯾﺄ فﺮﺻ ﯽﻨﻌﯾ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﺪ يﺮﮕﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻟو دﻮﺷ ﯽﻤﻧ رﺎﮐ رد ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر ﺮﺑ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﺛا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ،ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ رد ﯽﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ .دراﺬﮔ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻓ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ سﺎﺴﺣا ﺎﺑ داﺮﻓا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو و يدﺮ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﻦﯾا زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ياز سﺮﺘﺳا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺗ ،رﺎﺸﻓ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﮐاو ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ ﺄ ﺮﺑ يا هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﺛ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز .ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻔﯾا ﺎﻫ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺷزرا زا سﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﯾا زا ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ رد .دﻮﺷ داﺮﻓا باﺮﻄﺿا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ Sigel-Jacobs و Yates ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ لﻻﺪﺘﺳا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار يﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ سﺮﺘﺳا ،ﯽﻠﻐﺷ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ لﺎﺒﻗ رد .داد ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﯽﺳﺎﺴﺣا ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ زا يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ) 14 ( . Laird و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﺑ ار يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺰﯿﻧ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ ) 15 ندﻮﺑ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻦﯿﻋ رد .( ﺮﻈﻧ ﻖﺒﻃ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ Schlenker و Weigld ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار تارﺎﻈﺘﻧا ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﺸﻓ و ﺎﻫﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ،مﺎﻬﺑا ﻣ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ار دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺪﻫد ﯽ ) 39 ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد .( ﺗ ﺐﺒﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺄ ﺑ ،ﺖﺑﺎﻗر ﺮﺑ شﺮﯿﺛ ﻪ رد صﻮﺼﺧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ترﻮﺻ ) ﺪﻫد 9 .( ﻊﻗاو رد ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ يﻻﺎﺑ سﺎﺴﺣا ﺖﺤﺗ اﺪﯾﺪﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ سﺎﺴﺣا نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ي ﺎﻫرﺎﺸﻓ ﺎﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺮﺛا رد ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻫد خر ﺰﯿﻧ ﺎﺘﺳار ﻦﻤﯿﻫ رد يا ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ زا داﺮﻓا ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ صﺎﺼﺘﺧا عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ) ﺪﻨﯾآ ﯽﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﻦﯾا هﺪﻬﻋ 40 .( ﯽﺧﺮﺑ لﺎﺜﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯿﻘﻘﺤﻣ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧا ه ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ود ﻦﯾا ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ دراد دﻮﺟو ) 14،16،41 ( ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ رد . ﯽ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا و ﺖﯾﺎﺿر ،ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺰﯿﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳا ) 42 .( دﻮﺧ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و هداز ﻢﺳﺎﻗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ كاردا هﺪﺷ رد ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﻖﻓاﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ سﺮﺘﺳا ﯽﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ مﺎﻣا ﺎﺿر ) ع ( ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﯿﻣورا ﺪﻧﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ يرﻮﺠﻧر ناور ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو و دراد راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ دراد راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ) 43 .( ﻨﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻦﯿﺑ ﯽﻔ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻪ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر هﮋﯾو ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﻞﯿﻟد ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ، ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﯽﭘ رد ناﺮﯾﺪﻣ و ناﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺮﺜﮐا .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يرﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ رد ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﯾا ﻪﺘﻔﻬﻧ ﻞﯾﻻد رد نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ هار زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺎﺘﺳار ﻦﯿﻤﻫ و ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ يور ﺪﻧﺮﯿﮔ رﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ فﺮﻃ زا .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﺑ ندروآ ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ياﺮﺑ داﺮﻓا ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ هار ﺮﮕﯾد و يدﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ترﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ ؛ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ يﺎﻫ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺛﻮﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﮏﯾ دﺮﻓ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺮﮕﯾد بﺎﺨﺘﻧا رد ﺮ ﺎﺘﺳار ﻦﯿﻤﻫ رد .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ هار يدﺎﻫﺮﻓ و ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾاﺮﮕﻧاﺪﺟو ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد داﺪﻬﻣ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻪﻄﺑار هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻞﯾﺪﻌﺗ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻦﯿﺑ و راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا و رﺎﮐ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ناﺪﺟو و ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار يﺮﯿﮔ نآ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ .دراد دﻮﺟو ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ناﺪﺟو يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار يﺮﯿﮔ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻞﯾﺪﻌﺗ ار ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ) 22 ( ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻮﺴﻤﻫ قﻮﻓ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺪ. ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ زا ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا يﺎﻫ مﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﯾﻮﺤﺗ و اﺮﺟا رد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ زا ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ يﺎﻀﻓ دﻮﺟو ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ رد ﻪﻧارﺎﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ .دﺮﮐ هرﺎﺷا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﯿﺑ رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﯿﺣور ندﻮﺒﻧ ﻢﮐﺎﺣ و ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ زا ﻪﺘﺳﺎﺧﺮﺑ تادﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻪﻨﯿﻣز رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ ﺖﺳا ﻦﯾا ر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓ ﺮﮕﯾد ﺶﻘﻧ و دﺮﯿﮔ ترﻮﺻ يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺮﮕﯾد ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ و يا ﻪﻄﺳاو يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻊﻗاو رد .دﺮﯿﮔ راﺮﻗ يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ياراد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ﺤﻣ دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ اﺬﻟ ؛ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺪﻨﭼ يﺪﻌﺑ نﺎﻘﻘ ﻪﻄﺑار رد دﺎﻌﺑا ﻦﯾا ﻖﯿﻤﻋ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ار دﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ .ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﺰﮐﺮﻤﺗ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﺑ نآ :يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻪﮐ ندﻮﺑ ناﺪﺟو و ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ يا ﻪﻄﺳاو رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ رد يﺎﻫ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﻔﯾا ﻪﻄﺑار رد ناﺪﺟو ﺎﺑ ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ؛ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺮﺑ .دﻮﺷ ﯽﺳﺎﺳا ﻪﺟﻮﺗ قﻮﻓ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ فﻼﺧ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﺑ ناﺪﺟو ندﻮﺑ ﺎﺑ ،قﻮﻓ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﮔﮋﯾو رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ يا درﻮﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ و راﺮﻗ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ ﺖﺳا . دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ :ﻦﯿﻟﺎﺑ رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ﯽﺠﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺗ قﻮﻓ يﺎﻫﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ﺄ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ،ﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﯾ ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد ار ناﺪﺟوﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ تروﺮﺿ نﺎﺸﻧﺮﻃﺎﺧ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻓاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﯽﻠﻐﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا و ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺰﯾر ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ رد و دزﺎﺳ ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﺎﻫ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ي نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ يﺮﯿﮔرﺎﮑﺑ و بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو يﺎﻫ ﯽﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﺎﺑ ناﺪﺟو .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ نﺎﺳر ﮏﻤﮐ ندﻮﺑ ﯽﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﮑﺸﺗ : ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﻨﯾﺪﺑ ﺖﯾآ يﺎﻫ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ زا يروا ﻊﻤﺟ و ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ ﺖﻬﺟ دﺮﮐﺮﻬﺷ ﺮﺟﺎﻫ و ﯽﻧﺎﺷﺎﮐ ﷲا ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ زا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يداﺮﻓا ﻪﮐ رد مﺎﺠﻧا ﻦﯾا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﮑﺸﺗ و ﯽﻧادرﺪﻗ ددﺮﮕﯿﻣ . ﻪﺑ مزﻻ ﯽﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﭻﯿﻫ ﯽﻟﺎﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ درﻮﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﮐذ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ راﺮﻗ
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Cite this article as: Ghasemzadeh Alishahi A, Rabiei M, Kazemzadeh Beytali M. The relationship of
individual accountability with job stress and work deviant behavior among nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery. 2015; 4(1): 27-38.
*Corresponding author:
Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, I.R. Iran. Tel: 00989122883324,
The relationship of individual accountability with job stress and work deviant
behavior among nurses
Ghasemzadeh-Alishahi A1*, Rabiei M1, Kazemzadeh-Beytali M2
1Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, I.R. Iran;2Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran.
Received: 19/July/2014 Accepted: 1/Feb/2015
Background and aims: Individual accountability and its positive and negative effectiveness are
the most challenges of organization subjects.The root of some medical staffs' behaviors and activities is individual accountability. So, the present paper was conducted with the aim of identifying the relationship between individual accountability with job stress and work deviant behavior with mediating role of personality trait of conscientiousness.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 175 employee nurses of Ayatollah Kashani and
Hajar hospitals were entered in this research in 2014. Data were collected using Hochwarter, Casta, Mackgor,Mulkr, RobinsonandBennett, and HouseandRizzostandardquestionnaires. The structural equations model was used to study the relationship between Latent variables and the measured ones in conceptual model.
Results: The results indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between the
perception of individual accountability and personality trait of conscientiousness (P<0.05 and r = 0.25). The results showed that the relation between accountability and job stress and work deviant behavior was observed. The significant negative correlation between conscientiousness and job stress and work deviant behavior was confirmed (P> 0.05 and r = - 0.26, r = - 0.36).
Conclusion: According to the present theoretical and research foundations at hand, individual
accountability directly affects job stress and work deviant behavior among employees, and on the basis of the findings of the present study conscientiousness bears a significant negative causal effect on job stress and work deviant behavior. It is concluded that conscientiousness decreases the negative causal and potential effect of accountability on stress and work deviant behavior.
Keywords: Accountability, Conscientiousness, Job stress, Work deviant behavior.
