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The thoughts and opinions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily of the U.S. Government, the U.S. Department of the Navy or the Naval War College.

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Aerial warfare, laws of ________________________________ _ Aircraft:

Page 99

Belligerent--- 98 Entry into neutral State_________________________ 109 DeYiatiorL__________________________________________ 110' Foreign, Swiss ordinance____________________________ 133 In neutral VOltS--- 134 ln Panatua Canal Zone______________________________ 132 Submarines and ____________________________________ 12, 101 SunllllOllS by----'---~--- 102 Use in war_________________________________________ 100 Aliens:

Protection of _______________________________________ _ G9 Renunciation of protection __________________________ _ 95 ..:\ I'maineu t :

Defen~ve __________________________________ 12.24,31,42,64 Offensive _____________ :_ _____________________________ 42, 64 .\.n·est, iu1n1nnities of States from_______________________ 87 Asylu1n--- 73

Bfttilneuts de guerre ___________________________________ _ Belligerent rights:

Bdtish pradice, at sea ______________________________ _ In Sue~ CnnaL ____________________________________ _ Reriz·zi, Bros. Co. v. Stemnship Pe8a1·o, case of ___________ _ Blockade _______________________________________________ _ Suez Canal and ____________________________________ _ EffectiYe ___________________________________________ _

liluefields---Neutral zonp _______________________________________ _

---

l~ountie~---Bunau-Yarilla-Hay treaty--- --Burden of proof ________________________________________ _

Brussels Convention, 1910---Canals:

42

56 11H

flO 56,00 11H 19,92 74,92

80 U,47 131 63 85.

As place of refuge___________________________________ 123

In war tiine________________________________________ 115 Ports of access______________________________________ 116 Capture ______________________________________________ 28,38,53 Rigl1t of____________________________________________ 60 Joint_______________________________________________ 21 Cargo, release of United States o':vnecL___________________ 86 Caribbean Rea. islands in, Unitefl States lease of_________ 79 Central American Republics, United States recognition

policy--- SO 6957 -!-:-{ 1 - - 1 ~

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170

INDEX

Page

Coolidge, Pre~i<.lent, on treaty of 1923____________________ 78 Certificates ---~--- 55 Chile, landing of forces in_______________________________ 72 Churchill, Lord, on defensively armed ships_______________ 23 Committee of jurists, 1923--- 105, 109 Condemnation --- 44, 53, 60 Continuous voyagp______________________________________ 57 Contraband __________________________________________ 38,56,60 ~~bsolute____________________________________________ 58 Classification of_____________________________________ 57 Conditional--- 58

Conversion--- 10,17,42,50,112

Days of grace ____________________________________ 17,42,99,126 Declaration of London, 1909--- 19, 58 Declaration of Paris, 1856 _________________________ 10, 19, 56, 60 De facto gon~rnments, United States and--- 82 Defense, ships armed for _____________________ 6, 12, 16, 24, 32, 64 Derf{linger, case of the__________________________________ 126 Deserters _______________________________________________ • 90 Detention _____________________________________ 38,4R, 53,60,63 Deviation, by aircraft _____________________________ 104, 110, 112 Dollar diplomacy--- 82 Dominican Republic_____________________________________ . 74

Ecuador________________________________________________ 95 Elve and The Bernisse, case of the_______________________ 52 Enemy destination ___________________________________ 33, 58, 63 Enemy origin ___________ . _______________ ..,. ___________ :_ ____ 53, 58

False colors --- 13 Flag:

Ilauling do\vn of____________________________________ 40 Use of, by submarines_______________________________ 24 Forces, foreign, interposition of__________________________ 71 Foreign States:

Disturbed conditions in ___________________________ 72, 76, 81 Protection of citizens in----~--- 74 Foreigners, protection of_________________________________ 76 France, on abolition of submarines--- · 3

GeldeJ·lancl, case of the__________________________________ 101 Germany, on use of submarines__________________________ 25 Great Britain:

Instructions-Aruwd merchant ships__________________________ 12 DefensiYe armament--- 24 On abolition of subnlarines__________________________ 2 On laws of war______________________________________ 56 Retaliatory order, 1915--- 60 Great Corn Island_______________________________________ 79 GrePn clearance_________________________________________ 53 Grotius --- 69

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Page Hague UollYentiou, VI___________________________________ 17 Hay-Pauncefote treaty, U)01--- 120 Head bouuty____________________________________________ 7 Head 1noney --- ti

Helgoland, case of the___________________________________ 125

~onduras_______________________________________________ 77

Hospital ~hips --- 47 Humanity:

Clai1ns of___________________________________________ 73 La"·

uf________________

_

____________________________

US Violation of principles of____________________________ -!

Immuni tit>~, los~

of______________________________________

:J, G1

Inunuui ty, from suit____________________________________ 87 Internatioua l law--- G, 26, 0U, 52, 78, 92, 104 .Muuieipal law, and __________ --- !36 Yif.dt HH<l sean.:h, and________________________________ 04 'Vashington Conference, 1921, and____________________ ~7

International waterways_________________________________ 128 Intervention____________________________________________ 70

Profes~or Stowell on________________________________ 70 United State~ in flonduras___________________________ 77 United ~Hates in Nicaragua__________________________ 7S

Japan, on u:.-:-:e of subnlarines_____________________________ 4 Jeffersoil--- 81 Jurisdiction, OYer ports___________________________________ U7

I~iel CanaL_____________________________________________ 1:27 l{irk,vaJl pt·actice________________________________________ 35

Konigsberg, case of the__________________________________ 103

Lett crs of assnraiH.:e_____________________________________ 55 Little Corn !~land ________________ .:_______________________ 79

London NaYal Treaty. See Treaty, London Nayal.

..1ll arie, ca~e of the_______________________________________ 35 1\Iaritime warfare :

Unit0<1 States instructions___________________________ 62 Use of airct~aft iiL--- 36. 100 -:\Ierchant Inarinc________________________________________ · 48

:\Ierchant fo;bippiug, State control of______________________ 9, 44 -:\Ierchaut vessels:

Aircraft and _______________________________________ 13,101 Arined______________________________________________ 31 .Admission to neutral ports---~--- 14 American proposal, 1916_________________________ 21 British in~tructions, H)16________________________ 12 British opinion, 1916 __________________ ...:__________ 16 Italian code, 1877--- 31 Netherlands attitude____________________________ 14 South A1nedcan attitude_________________________ 15

~tatus of_______________________________________ 8 Submarines and_____________________________________ 23

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172

INDEX

~lerchant vessels-Continued. Page

Dc~trnction _________________________________________ 00, 0U

.ffine1ny --- 17, 21 }...,oreign, desertion fl'Olll--- HO

Ignorance of 'var___________________________________ 43

11-ninunitie~, loss of__________________________________ 5 In port:-: ____________________________________________ 67, S:~

Ownershill of_______________________________________ 47

Sending in of ______________________________________ 53,112

Subsidized__________________________________________

D

Summons by aireraft________________________________ 102

Use of sub1narines against ___________________________ 3.36

~[exico:

Closure of port of___________________________________ 94 Landing of United States forces in__________________ 71 United States policy in_____________________________ 77 1\Iilitary sen·ice, and aliens______________________________ 70 ~lonroe doctrine_________________________________________ 77 Jfontana, case of the ________________________ .,:.___________ 38

Nationals, protection of ___________________________ 71, 74, 76, 93 Naval auxiliary _________________________________________ 44,48

Naval Reserve--- 48

Naval unit______________________________________________ 19

"Navicerts "--- 55 Necessity, doctrine of____________________________________ 69 Netherlands, The, attitude toward armed ships____________ 14 Neutral commerce ________________________________ 5H,H2,95, 110 Neutral duties, and armed ships_________________________ 11 Neutral jurisdiction, and aircraft________________________ 109 Neutral ports:

Closure of__________________________________________ 95

Port Said as ______________________________________ 123,127 Use of __________________________________________ 11,14,134 Neutral rights--- 34, 59 Neutral zones. See Zones.

Neutrality ----·--- 14, 75, 13:! Neutrals, at sea; protection of __________________________ 27, 106 Nicaragua:

Closure of ports_____________________________________ 91

Recognition of--- 79

United States and ___________________________________ 74, 78

Noncmnbatants, at sea___________________________________ 52

Protection of _______________________________________ 27,106

Rights of___________________________________________ 21

Treatnwnt of________________________________________ 34

Nonvay, action in Nicaragua_____________________________ D:!

Offense, and defense---·--- H, 12, G4 Olinde Rodrigues, ca~e of the____________________________ 19 Order, in port _____________________________________ Uf>,7~,7G,8U Ostsec, case of th~ --- 5-!

Panama:

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Page

Pananw Cuual, British op1n1on oiL--- 121 Panama, case of the_____________________________________ 16 ''Peaceful traders''--- 11 Pelltt:orm, case of the____________________________________ 40

Pindos, case of the______________________________________ 125 Piracy--- 9,33 I1rates--- 73 Political refugees---,--- 7~3 Port Said _____________________________________________ 119,124

Porto Alexandre, 1920, case of the________________________ 87 Ports:

Closure of__________________________________________ 91 Order in ____________________________________________ 67,83 Ports:

J)utch______________________________________________ 14 .Xeutral. See Neutral ports.

PI'('l1:tratory disarmament conference_____________________ 112

Pre~cription --- 78

Privn tt>el's _____ --- 16, 73 Prize, bringing in, of____________________________________ 54 Prize bounty____________________________________________ G Prize court decision_____________________________________ 6 Prize court rules, British_________________________________ 63 Prize money--- 6, 20 " Procee<l us <lirected " _______ --- 36) 105. 107, 110 Property:

Prh·ate--At sea, exen1ption of____________________________ 51 Protection of ____________________________________ 72,93 Protected zones. See Zones.

ProtPctioil --- 71 Obligation of--- 78 Renunctation of_____________________________________ 95 Public ovinion --- 26

"Radius of action"--- 19 Reay, Lord, on merchant ship::;___________________________ 18 Recognition_____________________________________________ 81 Reprisalg _______________________________________________ 25,5D

Hequi::5ition --- 60 Certificate of________________________________________ 45 ChartPrs ____________________________ --- 45 Hesponsibility of States_________________________________ 96 Hetaliation ---·--- J 0) 22 HeYolution, right of_____________________________________ 81 Root, ~Ir., on subinarines________________________________ 2H

Rostock, case of the_____________________________________ 125 Ruse de guerre__________________________________________ 13 Hussia, Yolunteer fleet of________________________________ 9

Safety, place of _______________________________ 5,22.26,36,100 SalYage_________________________________________________ 84 SalYage a~·ards_________________________________________ 8~

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174

INDEX

Page ~elf-pre::;erYatiou _______________________________________ tJ7. 10~ ::Jecm·al Dutch Sch1trjts, case uf the______________________ ·

u

Se,vard, on revolution___________________________________ 81 ~hippin~ State control of_______________________________ 44 Ships (see also l\lerchant vessels; Ye~sels) --- 6

Classes of__________________________________________ 41

Legal categories_____________________________________ 13

Sianl___________________________________________________ ~8

Sovereignty _____________________________________________ 30, 78 Stean~Jshtp John G. JJJcCunough, case of the________________ :JO Suhn1ari11e warfare______________________________________ 22

Submarines:

Abolition of_________________________________________ 2. ~~

Anned merchant vessels and _________________________ 12. 23

American proposals______________________________ 21

British instructions______________________________ 2± Belligerent __________________________________________ 12,2U

Com1nission of jurists OIL ______ -_____________________ 103

German sta tmnent, 1916---~--- 25

Laws of war and____________________________________ 30

London Naval Treaty, article 22 _____________________ 1. 159

Professor Hyde on___________________________________ 37

Regulation of use of________________________________ 2~ 20.

'7isit by aircraft---~--- 101

'Vashington Conference, 1921 _________________________ 2:j. 36

"'ashington treaty on________________________________ 111

Subsidies _______________________________________________ 44.-!7 Suez Canal ____________________________________________ 113. 122.

Suez Canal treaty_______________________________________ 116 ~urninons _______________________________________________ 37.62

By aircraft_________________________________________ 102

Suspicion, gronncls of _________________________________ 3n .. 12. 56

Switzerland. neutrality regulation________________________ 133

Tilne charter____________________________________________ -!7 Treaties:

Assistance and salvage at sea, 1010__________________ 85 Bunau-Varilla-Hay _______________ --- ___ 1:-n

Five Central American republics, 1923________________ 7R

Hay Pauncefote ___________________________________ 120. 180

J.;ondon Naval Treaty, 1930 ___________________ 1. G-!. 11:3, 137

Regarding deserters, tennination of___________________ 90 Suez l\Iaritilne Canal, 1888__________________________ 115

United States and Great Britain, 1D01________________ 120

United States and Nicaragua, 1914__________________ 7H

United States and Panama__________________________ 131

United States and Siam______________________________ 88 Versailles___________________________________________ 127

'Vashington, 1871--- 10

'Vashington, 1922--- 1·7, 105. 111

Twenty-four hour rule _________________________________ 11fl. 121

United States:

(8)

United States-Continued.

L(~gislation on release of State-owned ship;:; __________ _ Xicaragua and--- ----~--l)n subinarines ______________________________________ _ Pan:una Canal Zone, neutrality regulations __________ _ Recognition policy in Central America _______________ _ Unitt;>d States Shipping Board ___________________________ _ Emergency fleet ____________________________________ _ Release of vessels---Status of vessels ___________________________________ _ Unneutra I sen-ice _______________________________________ _

Page

8ti

75,79 2,21 131

so

45

48

8o

48 34, ()0

Venezuela_______________________________________________ 95 Vflssels:

Auxiliary _____________________________________ 10, 14, 31, 42

Bringing in of _______ ...: _______________________________ 5-1, 60

f'haracter of________________________________________ 47

( 'la~sification of_____________________________________ 10

COinbatnnt and noncombatant________________________ 41

Detention of. See Detention.

Enflmy, Sir Frederick Smith OIL_____________________ 51

In port--- 68 :\Ierehant. 8ee 1\Ierchant ve~sels.

On tilne charter_____________________________________ 47

Public ______________________________________________ 49,83

Salvage and _____________________________________ 84, 89

Treatn1ent of____________________________________ 51 Hequisitioning_______________________________________ 9 SfllHling in of Dutch________________________________ 52

Stn te-o,Yned _________________________________________ :iO. g;

Release of--- ~() t:rnited States Shipping Board_______________________ · 48

'ressflls of war _______________ ~--- 41. 110 Admission to Dutch ports____________________________ · 14

~\ircraft as auxiliary________________________________ 101

.Armed 1nerchant vessels and_________________________

n

Definition of ter·In___________________________________ 10

Entrance to foreign poit _____________________________ 14.0~

\~~it and search ___________________________________ 16,28.34,~~

At port of ~etention ______ ~--- 61

.~t sea______________________________________________ Gl By

aircraft-American attitude ______________________________ 61. 10:-i

British attitude_________________________________ 100

Comn1ission of jurists

OIL_______________________

Jon

Italian attitude_________________________________ lOS Japanese a tti tude_______________________________ 1 0~

Bringing into port for______________________________ Gfi DE-viation for_______________________________________ 112 Refusal to stop for _______________________________ 26, R5, {)4

Resistance to________________________________ 26, 44, 64, 11:~

Ftight of____________________________________________ · 111 Submarine by aircraft_______________________________ 101

(9)

176

INDEX

'Var:

Aircraft iu _________________________________________ _

Laws

of-Great Britain au<} ______________________________ _ Violation of ____________________________________ _

~ubn1arines :tnct ________________________________ _

'Varships. Sec Ves~els of war.

Page

100

56

33 30

'Vashington Uoufereuee, 19:!1-:!:! _____________________ ~5, 0G, 10'4 'Vashington treaty, 1871--- 10 'Vashington treaty, 1922 ____________________________ 17, 105, 111 'Vilson, President, recognition policy_____________________ 82

1Vi1nbledon, case of the__________________________________ 127

'Vireless telegraphy, United States control in Panama ____ 121, 131

lVolt, case of the________________________________________ 104

1Volfchen, case of the____________________________________ 104

Zones:

Neutral--- 74,76,80 Protected___________________________________________ 73

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