asp_new2.ppt

(1)

Active Server Pages

Minder Chen, Ph.D.

(2)

Course Description

Active Server Pages (ASP) are scripting files processed by

Microsoft Internet Information Server. ASP provides

server-side scripting to create interactive Web applications,

including tasks such as gathering information from the client,

updating or retrieving data in a database, or dynamically

creating HTML pages returned to the users. This course will

describe the basics of Visual Basic Scripting (VB Script)

language and how to build ASP using VB Script. Student will

learn how to: describe the HTTP protocol; build interactive

Web applications; use the ASP objects including Response,

Request, Session, and Application objects; create and use

cookies; use an ActiveX server component in Web

(3)

Outline

• Introduction and architecture

• VB Script for Active Server Page

• _{Form Data Processing}

• _{Using Build-in and Installable ASP Components}

• Using Database Access Component (ADO)

• Session Management

(4)

Resources

• Web Master Training Web Site:

– http://65.168.116.6/web9/net

• ASP Documentation from Microsoft:

– http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/

– Personal Web Server (PWS) is one of many new features available through the Windows NT Option Pack.

– http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/nts/downloads/recommended/NT4OptPk/default.asp

– http://www.microsoft.com/windows/ie/pws/

– http://www.windows.com/windows2000/en/server/iis/htm/asp/iiwauslw.htm

• Best Web Sites:

– http://www.aspin.com/

– http://www.activeserverpages.com/

– http://www.asp101.com

• Additional ASP Resources

– http://www.microsoft.com/net

– http://www.aspcode.net/freeasphost/freeasphost.asp (Free ASP hosting)

– http://www.datareturn.com/developerresources.asp

– http://msdn.microsoft.com/scripting/

– http://www.chilisoft.com/ ' for porting Asp to other platform

• _Books:

– Beginning Active Server Pages 3.0, Wrox Press Inc.

– Professional Active Server Pages 2.0, Wrox Press Inc.

– Active Server Pages 3.0, Nicholas Chase, Que, 2000.

(5)

Creating ASP Page

• ASP uses the delimiters <% and %> to enclose script commands.

• By default, the primary scripting language is VBScript.

test.asp

This page was last refreshed on <% =Now() %>. </BODY>

</HTML>

• The VBScript function Now returns the current date and time.

This page was last refreshed on 9/11/98 4:30:00 PM. </BODY>

</HTML>

This page was last refreshed on

9/11/98 4:30:00 PM.

Interpreted ASP code: An HTML document.

Rendered via a

(6)

The Active Server Pages Model

B ro w s er Web Server

(IIS)

Web Server

(IIS)

Request an ASP file Active Server Page

ASP

Interpreter: Process ASP Scripting Statements

Return a processed

ASP file in the forma

t of

an HTML document

• An ASP script begins to run when a browser requests a .asp file from your Web server.

• Your Web server then calls ASP, which reads through the requested .asp files

(7)

ActiveX Server Scripting (VBScript, JavaScript, Perl, ...)

Internet Information Server 3.0

Internet/ Intranet

Web Clients

Web Server

HTTP

COM

.ASP Files

ActiveX Server Components

ODBC Databases

Active Server Pages: Server VB Scripting

ASP Architecture

(8)

Platforms for VBScript Program

• When initiating and processing Web data takes place on the client computer, you can include VBScript code in HTML files to enhance Web pages in Internet Explorer.

• When initiating and processing Web data takes place on the server, you can include VBScript code in HTML files that are used by Internet Information Server (IIS) Active Server Pages.

• To run scripts directly on the Windows desktop or command console, use Windows Scripting Host (WSH) to run VBScript programs.

Server-Side

VBScripting _Client-Side

(9)

Active Server Page

• A .asp file is an ASCII text file that contains

–

HTML commands

–

text or other content (such as client side scripts)

–

server-side script commands

• _{When a client browser requests a URL with}

an .asp file name extension, any script contained

within the <% and %> delimiters and within

<SCRIPT RUNAT=Server

LANGUAGE=VBSCRIPT> and </SCRIPT> tags is

executed on the server. Use the value JSCRIPT

for LANGUAGE for Jscript.

(10)

Benefits of ASP Applications

• Completely integrated with your HTML files.

• Easy to create, with no manual compiling or linking of

programs required.

• Object-oriented and extensible with ActiveX server

components.

• ASP supplies scripting engines for Microsoft® Visual

Basic® Scripting Edition (VBScript) and JScript.

• You can incorporate sophisticated functionality using

ActiveX server components, formerly known as

Automation servers, to process data and generate useful

information.

(11)

ASP Scripting

• The first line in an .asp file specifies the scripting

language for the page. For example, the following

first line in .asp file specifies that the script is

VBScript:

<%@ LANGUAGE=VBScript %>

• _{Without a language tag, script in the file is}

processed as the default language (VBScript by

default.) under the ASP entry in the Web server

registry.

• Active Server Pages can provide a scripting

environment for a number of other scripting

(12)

Developing ASP Scripts

Creating/Revising

ASP scripts

Posting ASP scripts on the

web server or saving them

on the local web server

(13)

Hello.asp: Display Information

<HTML> <HEAD>

<TITLE>Hello World Example</TITLE> </HEAD>

<BODY> <%

Response.write "Hello World!"

%>

</BODY> </HTML>

The end of script section

The start of the script section Build-in Object Argument <HTML> <HEAD>

<TITLE>Hello World Example</TITLE>

</HEAD> <BODY>

Hello World! </BODY> </HTML>

Returned HTML Document

(14)

Setting Up ASP Files

• An Active Server Pages (ASP) file is a text file with

the extension .asp that contains any combination

of the following:

–

Text

–

HTML tags

–

ASP script commands

–

Call to ActiveX server components

• ASP is server-side scripting.

• ASP files only work with the IIS on NT or PWS on

Windows 95.

(15)

http://www.ipswitch.com/

65.168.115.6

(16)

Using ftp and Testing ASP applications

• MkDir to create a new subdirectory (e.g., 01)

• Double click a subdirectory to enter to the subdirectory

• Test it by using the URL: http://ft-commerce/asp/01/hello.asp

– For the server at the lab remotely: http://65.168.115.6/asp/01/hello.asp

(17)

Hello2.asp

<HTML><HEAD>

<TITLE>HELLO WORLD</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY>

<% FOR i = 3 to 7 %>

<FONT SIZE = <% =i %>> Hello World!<BR>

<% NEXT %>

</BODY></HTML>

http://localhost/asp/hello.asp

<HTML><HEAD>

<TITLE>HELLO WORLD</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY>

<FONT SIZE = 3> Hello World!<BR>

</BODY></HTML>

Return HTML Source Code

(18)

Greeting.asp

<%

' This is the greeting script

If Time >= #12:00:00 AM# And Time < #12:00:00 PM# Then

Greeting = "Good Morning!"

Else

Greeting = "Hello!"

End If

%>

<%= Greeting %>

• _{The <%= Greeting %> command sends the}

current value of the variable to the browser.

<% If Time >= #12:00:00 AM# And Time < #12:00:00 PM# Then %>

Good Morning!

<% Else %>

(19)

Alternative Approach

<%

If Time >= #12:00:00 AM# And Time < #12:00:00 PM# Then

Response.Write "Good Morning!"

Else

Response.Write "Hello!"

End If

%>

• Response.Write

sends the text that follows it to the

browser. Use

Response.Write

from within a

(20)

Markup

• HTML tags are differentiated from text by delimiters:

The less than (<) and greater than (>) symbols.

• ASP use delimiters <% and %> to enclose script

commands.

–

<% color = "green" %> assigns the value green to the

variable color.

• The ASP

output directive

<%=

expression

%>

displays the value of an expression.

– the output expression <% = greeting %> sends the current

value of the variable greeting to the browser.

• The ASP

processing directive

<%@

keyword

%> gives ASP

information it needs to process an .asp file.

(21)

Hello3.asp

<%

' Define two variables with string values

.

x = "Hello"

y = "World"

%>

<P>My response is to say "<%= y %> 

<%= x %>." </P>

<% Color = "Green" %> <%Color="Green"%>

<%

Color = "Green" %>

(22)

Hello4.htm: Sample JavaScript Code

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>HELLO WORLD</TITLE></HEAD>

<BODY>

<%

Response.write("Hello world! -- From ASP")

%>

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript1.2">

document.write

("<P>Hello world! -- From Client-Side Scripting!

")

</SCRIPT>

(23)

Data Types

• Variables: Simple variables and Array variables

• VBScript subsumes all categories of data under one name

called a

Variant

.

• At a basic level, Variants contain either string or numeric

data.

• String data is used for text, while numeric data contains only

numbers.

• Variant data can be further classified into

subtypes

. For

example, you can have numeric data that represents

currency, or a date or time, and the Variant will interpret the

data accordingly.

(24)

Data Types

• Empty

– Variant is uninitialized. Value is 0 for numeric variables or a zero-length string ("") for string variables.

• Null

– Variant intentionally contains no valid data.

• Boolean

– Contains either True or False.

• Byte

– Contains integer in the range 0 to 255.

• Integer

– Contains integer in the range -32,768 to 32,767.

• Currency

– -922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807.

• Long

(25)

Data Types

• Single

– Contains a singleprecision, floatingpoint number in the range

-3.402823E38 to -1.401298E-45 for negative values and 1.401298E-45 to 3.402823E38 for positive values.

• Double

– Contains a doubleprecision, floatingpoint number in the range

-1.79769313486232E308 to -4.94065645841247E-324 for negative values and 4.94065645841247E-324 to 1.79769313486232E308 for positive

values.

• Date (Time)

– Contains a number that represents a date or time between January 1, 100 to December 31, 9999.

• String

– Contains a variable-length string that can be up to approximately two billion characters in length.

• Object

– Contains an object.

• Error

(26)

Declaring Variables

• VBScript implicitly creates a variable the first time that it encounters an unrecognized string of characters that could be a variable name.

• The Option Explicit statement informs VBScript to generate an error if it encounters an undeclared variable. The Option Explicit statement should be the first line of code in a script that uses variables.

• _Dim_varname_[₍_[_subscripts_]₎_][_,_varname_[₍_[_subscripts_]₎_]]_{. . .} – Dim a, x(10), y(2, 5)

• A variable name:

 Must begin with an alphabetic character.

 Cannot contain an embedded period.

 Must not exceed 255 characters.

 Must be unique.

 Is not case-sensitive.

• Constants:

(27)

Assigning Value to a Variable

• C = 2

• A = C+300

• UserName = "Bob" • UserName = Bob

• CutOffDate = #11-21-98# • Dim A(10)

A(0) = 256 A(1) = 324 A(2) = 100 . . .

A(10) = 55 C = A(1)

<% Option Explicit ' Force explicit variable declaration. Dim MyVar ' Declare variable.

MyInt = 10 ' Undeclared variable generates error.

MyVar = 10 ' Declared variable does not generate error. %>

Dim MyVar, MyCheck

(28)

Exercise: Variable.asp

<% Option Explicit %>

<html><head><title>Variables</title><head> <body>

<%

Dim x, y, x1, a, b, c x = 1

y = 2

response.write x+y x1=6

response.write x1 & "<br>" a =5

b=7

c= a + b

response.write a + b & "<br>" response.write a & b & "<br>" %>

Have to be the first line

(29)

Response Object: Write Method

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Hello World</TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<% response.write "Hello World" %>

</BODY>

Hello World

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Message</TITLE></

HEAD><BODY>

<%

Dim message

message = "Hello World"

Response.Write message

%>

(30)

Math Operations

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Math Operations</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>

<%

A = 7

B = 3

Response.Write A & " + " & B & " = " & A + B

Response.Write "<BR>"

Response.Write A & " - " & B & " = " & A - B

Response.Write "<BR>"

**Response.Write A & " * " & B & " = " & A * B**

Response.Write "<BR>"

Response.Write A & " / " & B & " = " & A / B

%>

</BODY></HTML>

7 + 3 = 10

(31)

Decision Making and Branching

• To vary the flow of a script, you use conditional statements (also known as control structures) to makes decisions during program execution.

• The conditional statements include test expressions that are evaluated as the program runs and, based upon their results, control the program flow. • The two control structures that you will learn include

– If…Then…Else

(32)

Control Flow

True Block

(33)

• Dim MyDate 'Create a variable, MyDate

MyDate = #2/13/95# 'Assign a date to MyDate ' Test to see if MyDate is less than today's date ' (which is returned by the Now function).

' If it is, then MyDate is assigned today's date

If MyDate < Now Then MyDate = Now

• If

value = 0

Then

sForeColor = "Red"

bBold = True

bItalic = True

(34)

If…Then…Else and Nested If

If

value = 0

Then

iForeColor = vbRed

bBold = True

bItalic = True

Else

iForecolor = vbBlack

bBold = False

bItalic = False

End

If

value = 0

Then

iForeColor = vbRed

bBold = True

ElseIf value

=

1 Then

iForecolor = vbBlack

bBold = False

ElseIf value

=

2 Then

iForecolor = vbGreen

bBold = False

Else

iForecolor = vbBlue

bBold = False

(35)

Nested If

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Greeting</TITLE> </HEAD>

<BODY> <%

If Hour(Now) < 12 then

Response.Write "Good Morning" Else

If Hour(Now) < 18 then

Response.Write "Good Afternoon" Else

Response.Write "Good Night" End If

End If %>

(36)

Making Decision Using Select Case

• A Select Case structure works with a single test expression that is evaluated once at the top of the structure.

• The result of the expression is then compared with the values for each Case

in the structure. If there is a match, the block of statements associated with that Case is executed.

(37)

Example

Dim Color, MyVar

Sub ChangeBackground (Color)

MyVar = lcase (Color)

Select Case

MyVar

Case

"red" bgColor = "red"

Case

"green" bgColor = "green"

Case "blue" bgColor = "blue"

Case Else bgColor = "white"

End Select

(38)

Loops

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Loops</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <%

Dim iCount

For iCount = 1 to 5

Response.Write iCount Response.Write "<BR>" Next

(39)

Loops Statements

• VBScript includes the following looping

constructions:

–

Do...Loop: repeats statements while or until a test

condition is met.

–

For...Next: repeats statements a specified number of

times.

(40)

Loop: Do While …… Loop

<%

Dim Counter

Counter = 1

Do While Counter < 3

Response.Write "Counter = " & Counter & "<br>"

Counter = Counter + 1

Loop

%>

Counter = 1

Counter = 2

(41)

Do … Loop While

• Dim Counter

Counter = 1

Do

Response.Write "Counter = " & Counter &

"<br>"

Counter = Counter + 1

Loop While Counter < 3

(42)

Do Until

• To check the test condition at the

beginning

of the

loop, change the following statement:

Do While Counter<3 …. Loop

to the following:

Do Until Counter>=3 … Loop

• To check the condition at the

end

of the loop,

change the following statement:

Do … Loop While Counter<3

to the following:

(43)

Square Number

• Display the smallest positive integer that, when

squared, is larger than 1037.

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Square Number</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY>

<%

Dim iResult, iTest iTest = 1

Do Until iResult > 1037 iTest = iTest + 1

iResult = iTest * iTest Loop

Response.Write iTest %>

(44)

Exercise: Form Input Data Processing

(45)

Array.asp

<html> <%

DIM x(3) x(0) = 1 x(1) = 2 x(2) = 3 x(3) = 4 %>

<head><title>New Page 1</title></head><body> <%

For k = 0 to Ubound(x)

Response.Write( "x(" & k & ")=" & x(k) & "<br>") Next

' Total = x(0) + x(1) + x(2) + x(3) Total = 0

For k = 0 to Ubound(x) Total = Total + x(k) Next

Response.Write( "The total is=" & Total) %>

(46)

Form Input Data Processing

form4.htm

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Form Input</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>

<FORM METHOD=

POST

ACTION="answer04.asp">

Name: <INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="UserName">

<INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT>

</FORM></BODY></HTML>

answer04.asp

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Form Input Processing</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>

<%

Response.Write

Request.Form

("UserName")

%>

(47)

Form.htm

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Order</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <H2>Sample Order Form</H2>

Please fill out this form, then click Submit:<P>

<FORM METHOD="POST" ACTION="response.asp"> First Name: <INPUT NAME="fname" SIZE="48"><br> Last Name: <INPUT NAME="lname" SIZE="48"><br>

Title: <INPUT NAME="title" TYPE=RADIO VALUE="mr">Mr. <INPUT NAME="title" TYPE=RADIO VALUE="ms">Ms. <P><INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT><INPUT TYPE=RESET>

</FORM></BODY></HTML>

(48)

Response.asp

<%@ LANGUAGE = VBScript %> <HTML>

<HEAD><TITLE>Response.asp File</TITLE></HEAD>

<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"><FONT FACE="ARIAL,HELVETICA"> <H2><CENTER>Order Received</CENTER></H2>

<P ALIGN=CENTER>

<%= Request.Form("fname") & " " & Request.Form("lname")%> </FONT>

(49)

Response2.asp

<%@ LANGUAGE = VBScript %> <HTML>

<HEAD><TITLE>Response.asp File</TITLE></HEAD>

<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"><FONT FACE="ARIAL,HELVETICA"> <H2><CENTER>Order Received</CENTER></H2>

<P ALIGN=CENTER>

<% Title = Request.Form("title") %>

<% LastName = Request.Form("lname") %> <%If Title = "mr" Then %>

Mr. <%= LastName %>

<% ElseIf Title = "ms" Then %> Ms. <%= LastName %>

<% Else %>

<%= Request.Form("fname") & " " & LastName %> <% End If %>

</FONT> </BODY> </HTML>

(50)

Exercise: Calculator

• **Operator can be: +, -, *, /**

• Check divide-by-zero error

A*B=600

(51)

Cal.htm

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Calculator</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <form method="post" action="cal.asp">

First Number: <Input type="text" name="x1"><br> Operator is:

<select name="op"> <option>+

<option>-<option>* <option>/

</select><br>

Second Number: <Input type="text" name="x2"><br> <input type="submit" value="Calculate" >

</form>

(52)

Cal.asp

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Calculator</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>

<%

If Request.Form("x1")="" Then

Response.Write "The first number is missing <br>"

If Request.Form("x2")="" Then

Response.Write "The 2nd number is missing <br>"

End If

Response.end

Else

If Request.Form("x2")="" Then

Response.Write "The 2nd number is missing <br>"

Response.End

End If

(53)

Continued...

Select Case Request.Form("op") Case "+"

C=A+B

Response.write "A+B=" & C Case "-"

C=A-B

Response.write "A-B=" & C Case "*"

C=A*B

Response.write "A*B=" & C Case "/"

If B<>0 Then Temp=A/B

C=Round(Temp,2) ' Round it to 2 decimal places Response.Write "A/B=" & C

Else

Response.write "The second number cannot be zero." & "<br>"

Response.write "Use BACK navigation button to change it!" & "<br>" End If

Case Else

Response.Write "You need to choose an operator" End Select

%>

(54)

Running VBScripts



Inline

. If you add script outside of a procedure, the script runs

when the browser encounters it as the page downloads. This is

useful if you want to initialize data or objects on the page.



Procedures

. If you add script in a procedure, the script runs

when the procedure is explicitly invoked. Procedures that return

information are called

functions

; those that do not return

information are called

subroutines

.



Event procedures

. (Client-side VB Scripting only). If you add

script in an event procedure, the script runs when the event

(55)

Use Procedures to Structured Code

• Structured code consists of compact chunks of related

code that are termed procedures.

• Procedures are reusable code that can be called from

anywhere in your script.

• The main benefits of structured coding are as follows:

– Maintenance—when related code is grouped, it is easier to

maintain. When code needs to be updated or modified, you can make the changes in a single code segment rather than

throughout an entire program.

– Debugging—because the code is modular, you can pinpoint where an error occurs and conduct your debugging efforts in the code segment where the error occurred.

(56)

Exercise: sub1.asp

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Subroutine</TITLE>

<%

Sub MySub(iNum)

**Response.Write iNum * iNum**

End Sub

%>

</HEAD><BODY>

<%

Dim a

a = 20

MySub a

%>

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Subroutine</TITLE> <%

Sub MySub(iNum, iSquare) iSquare = iNum * iNum End Sub

%>

</HEAD><BODY> <%

Dim a, b a = 20

MySub a, b

Response.write "The square value of " & a & " is " & b %>

(57)

Scope of a Variable

• If a variable is declared outside of a procedure,

it is visible throughout the program.

• If a variable is declared inside a procedure, it is

only visible inside that procedure.

• The range of a variable’s visibility is called its

scope.

• _{In VBScript:}

–

Scope is either script-level or procedure-level.

–

A variable is in effect within its scope.

–

Variable names must be unique within their scope.

–

Variables should always be defined with the smallest

(58)

Scope and Lifetime of a Variable

• Script-level variables:

– When you declare a variable outside a procedure, it is

recognizable to all the procedures in your script. This is a script-level variable and has script-script-level scope.

– The names of script-level variables must be unique throughout the program.

– The lifetime of a script-level variable extends from the time it is declared until the script finishes running.

• Procedure-level variables:

– When you declare a variable within a procedure, only code within that procedure can access or change the value of that variable.

– It has local scope and is called a procedure-level variable.

– At procedure level, a variable exists only as long as you are in the procedure. When the procedure exits, the variable is destroyed.

(59)

Global and Local Variable

<%

SUB X()

DIM A

A=3

End Sub

Dim A

A = 1

X

(60)

Tempconvert.asp

<%

Sub ConvertTemp(F)

**temp = (F-32)/9*5**

Response.Write

"The temperature " & F & " degree F " & " is " & _ temp & " degrees C."

End Sub

ConvertTemp 12

(61)

Define and Use Procedures in JavaScript

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE=JScript RUNAT=Server>

function PrintDate()

{

var x

x = new Date()

Response.Write(x.toString())

}

</SCRIPT>

<html><head><title>Test</title></head>

<body>

<% PrintDate %>

</body></html>

• Do not include within <SCRIPT> tags any output

(62)

Define a Procedure (Subroutine)

• Define a procedure

Sub WriteSquare(inNum)

Dim outNum

outNum = inNum * inNum

Response.Write outNum

End Sub

• Call a procedure

Dim aNumber

aNumber = 5

Call WriteSquare (aNumber)

or

-Dim aNumber

aNumber = 5

WriteSquare aNumber

When you use the Call

statement to call a

procedure, enclose the

argument(s) in parentheses. If there are no arguments, you must include an empty set of parentheses.

When you use only the procedure name to call a procedure, do not use

(63)

Formal and Actual Arguments

Sub ShowProduct (Multiplicand, Multiplier)

Response.Write Multiplicand * Multiplier

End Sub

Dim x1, y1

x1=4

y1=5

Call ShowProduct (x1, y1)

or

-Dim x1, y1

x1=4

y1=5

ShowProduct x1, y1

Actual

arguments

(64)

Functions

Function fName(arg1, arg2, ...)

...

fName = expression

...

End Function

• Create a variable with the same name as the Function.

• Assign the

return value

to that variable.

• Arguments, including constants, variables, and

expressions, are passed to the Function procedure,

which can then use the arguments.

(65)

Functions: temp2.asp

<%

Function Celsius(fDegrees)

Celsius = (fDegrees - 32) * 5 / 9

End Function

Sub ConvertTemp(tempF, tempC) tempC = Celsius(tempF)

End Sub %>

<html><head><title>Temperature</title></head><body>

<%

Dim tempX

tempX = Request.Form("InTemp")

' Calls the Sub procedure ConvertTemp tempX, tempY Response.write tempY

Response.write " degrees C."

%>

Function Celsius(fDegrees)

appears before Sub

ConvertTemp() because the Sub procedure, ConvertTemp, calls the Function procedure,

Celsius.

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tempreture</TITLE></ HEAD>

<BODY>

<H2>Temperature Conversion Form</H2> <FORM METHOD="POST"

ACTION="temp2.asp"> <P>

What is the temperature in Degree F: <br> <INPUT NAME="inTemp" SIZE="48"><br> <P><INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT><INPUT

TYPE=RESET>

</FORM></BODY></HTML>

(66)

What Is an Object?

• An object is simply a collection of

functions

and

data

grouped together. Typically, most of the object’s functionality

(particularly its data structure) is hidden from the programmer,

who uses the object’s interface, or model, to control the object.

The object’s interface consists of a published set of functions and

data. In pure object-oriented systems, data are private and

therefore cannot be accessed by external object directly.

• Methods: The

procedures

that an object exposes through its

interface are called

methods

. Methods are typically functions

and return a value.

• Properties: The

variables

that are part of an object are called

properties

:

 Reading a property’s value is called getting the property’s value.

 Writing a value to a property is called setting the property’s value.

(67)

Declaring Objects

• Before you can use an object, you must declare it.

• In Active Server Pages (ASP), you use the

CreateObject

method

of the

Server

object to declare an instance of an object. The

Server object is a built-in object in IIS.

• The following code adds the ActiveX Tracer object to a page:

<%

Set

objTrace =

Server.CreateObject

("IISSample.Tracer")

%>

• This code creates a copy, called an instance, of the object for the script to work with. The instance of this ActiveX object has been named

objTrace

. The programmer who wrote the object itself created the object's full name,

IISSample.Tracer

.

• The IISSample.Trace object must be installed on the computer and registered by using the

Regsvr32.exe

application. This is often done as part of the

(68)

Object Property and Method

• You can create an instance of an object by using the Server.CreateObject statement.

• An object can contain callable program code called methods and data called properties.

• Dot notation

objectName.propertyName objectname.methodName

objectname.methodName(arg1, arg2, …)

• For example, you create an instance of an object and name it objBanner. It has properties named Text and Size and a method named Show.

• Read the value of the Text property into a variable named SLabel:

SLabel = objBanner.Text

• Set the Size property to 12:

objBanner.Size = 12

(69)

Build-in ASP Objects

C

l

i e

n

t

S

e

r

v

e

r

Request Object • Cookies • Form • QueryString • ServerVariables • ClientCertificate Response Object • Cookies • (Properties) • (Methods) ObjectContext Object • (Properties)

• (Methods) Server Object

(70)

Build-in ASP Objects

• Request Object

– Collections:  ClientCertificate  Cookies  Form  QueryString  ServerVariables – Properties:  TotalBytes – Methods:  BinaryRead

• _{Server Object}

– Properties:  ScriptTimeout – Methods:  CreateObject  HTMLEncode  MapPath

• Response Object

(71)

Build-in ASP Objects

• Application Object

– Collections:  Contents  StaticObjects – Methods:  Lock  Unlock – Events:  Application_OnEnd  Application_OnStart

• _{ObjectContext Object}

– Methods:  SetAbort  SetComplete – Events:  OnTransactionAbort  OnTransactionCommit

• Session Object

– Collections:  Contents  StaticObjects – Properties:  CodePage  LCID  SessionID  Timeout – Methods:  Abandon – Events:  Session_OnEnd  Session_OnStart

(72)

Setting the Content Type

• For example, the following command sets the

content type for channel definitions:

(73)

Redirecting the Browser

<%

If Session("CustomerID") = 0 Then

response.Redirect "Homepage.asp" End If

%>

• Unless your have buffer turned on, you must redirect the browser before any content or header are returned to the browser.

• Place the Response.Redirect statement at the top of the page, before any text or <HTML> tags, to ensure that nothing has been returned to the browser. If you use Response.Redirect after content or headers have been returned to the browser, you will see an error message such as the following one:

Response object error 'ASP 0156 : 80004005' Header Error

/students/asptutor/page2.asp, line 4

(74)

QueryString Collection

• The

QueryString

collection retrieves form values

passed to your Web server using HTTP

GET

method

or retrieves variable-value pairs set as text followed a

question mark in the request URL.

• Example:

<FORM METHOD="GET" ACTION="profile.asp">

<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="firstname">

<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="lastname">

<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="age">

<INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="userstatus" VALUE= "new">

<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Enter">

(75)

Process Input Data from the QueryString

• If the user typed

Jeff

,

Smith

, and

30 , then the following URL

request would be sent to the server:

• http://scripts/profile.asp?firstname=Jeff&lastname=Smith&age=30 &userstatus=new

• profile.asp:

Hello, <%= Request.QueryString("firstname") %>

<%= Request.QueryString("lastname") %>.

You are <%= Request.QueryString("age") %> years old.

<%

If Request.QueryString("userstatus") = "new user" then

Response.Write "This is your first visit to this Web site!"

End if

%>

(76)

Multiple Values of a Variable

• The

QueryString

collection has an optional parameter

Counter

that you can to count the number of times that a specific variable

appears.

• A request of a form containing a list box with multiple items:

http://scripts/list.asp?food=apples&food=olives&food=bread

• Command to count multiple values:

Request.QueryString("food").Count

• To display the multiple values types, List.asp could contain the

following script:

<%Total = Request.QueryString("food").Count%> <%For i = 1 to Total%>

<%= Request.QueryString("food")(i) %> <BR> <%Next%>

• The preceding script would display:

(77)

Exercise: foodform.asp, food.asp, computer.asp

<html><head><title>Food</title></head> <body>

<form method="GET" action="food.asp"> <p><select size="3" name="food" multiple> <option>Apple</option>

<option>Bread</option>

<option>Pineapple</option> <option>Orange</option> <option>Rice</option> </select></p>

<p>

<input type="submit" value="Submit" name="B1"> <input type="reset" value="Reset" name="B2"></p> </form>

<a href="computer.asp?id=<%=Server.URLEncode("apple computer")%>"> I like apple computer </a><br>

(78)

Food.asp

<html><head><title>Food selection</title></head> <body>

Food items selected in the list: <% = Request.QueryString("food") %> <% response.write "<hr>" %>

Individual food items selected:

<%Total = Request.QueryString("food").Count%> <%For i = 1 to Total%>

<%= Request.QueryString("food")(i) %> <BR> <%Next%>

</body></html>

computer.asp

<html><head><title> Apple.asp </title></head> <body>

(79)

Using Installable Components

• There are a number of components that are installed with IIS that

your application can call upon to perform a wide variety of tasks.

 Ad Rotator: Demonstrates how to use the Ad Rotator component in an ASP script.

 File Access: Illustrates techniques that you can use in scripts to get the most out of the File Access component.

 Browser Capabilities: Illustrates how you can maximize the potential of your Web application by using the Browser Capabilities component in an ASP script.

 Collaboration Data Objects: Illustrates ways for you to use the Collaboration Data Objects (CDO).

 Content Rotator: Demonstrates how you can use the Content Rotator component to create dynamic, informative applications.

 Permission Checker: Illustrates techniques you can use to incorporate authentication and access control into your ASP script with the Permission Checker component.

 Counters: Demonstrates how you can use the Counters component.

 Tools: Illustrates techniques you can use to easily add sophisticated functionality to you Web pages with the Tools component.

 Index: Demonstrates how you can access some of the features of Index Server that are exposed to ASP scripts

(80)

Counter.asp:

The Page Counter Component

• Page Counter component provides a simple page counter

that you can use on any Web page. The following Web

page demonstrates the simplest way to use the counter:

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Page Counter Example</TITLE>

</HEAD><BODY>

<%

Set MyPageCounter = Server.CreateObject("MSWC.PageCounter")

MyPageCounter.PageHit ()

%>

This Web page has been viewed

(81)

Using IsObject() To Verify Object Creation

• When you use the Server method CreateObject, it is often difficult to tell when an object creation has failed, particularly when you are using an On Error

Resume Next error trapping routine. You can use the IsObject function to test for the existence of your object before trying to use a property or method.

• Testing your objects before using them can save embarrassing Web page errors.

• In the following code, we have used the IsObject function to make sure our CDONTS.NewMail object has been successfully created:

<%

SET objMail = CreateObject("CDONTS.NewMail") IF IsObject(objMail) THEN

objMail.Send Request.Form("From"), Request.Form ("To"), _ Request.Form ("Subject"), Request.Form("Body")

SET objMail = NOTHING ELSE

Response.write("Mail has not been sent") END IF

(82)

Use ADO

• The Database Access component uses Active Data

Objects (ADO) to provide easy access to

information stored in a database that complies with

the Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) standard.

• You will learn how to extract data using the SQL

SELECT

statement and create an HTML table to

(83)

SQL:

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

SELECT

UPDATE

INSERT

DELETE

SELECT

UPDATE

INSERT

DELETE

p_no

name

quantity

price

101 Color TV

24

500

201 B&W TV

10

250

202 PC

5 2000

SELECT p_no, name, price FROM PRODUCT

WHERE PRICE < = 1000 ORDER BY PRICE DESC;

p_no name price ---

---

---101 Color TV 500 201 B&W TV 250 Data

Manipulation Language (DML)

Database Schema - Product Table

(84)

Sample Data Base: Access expense.mdb

(85)

Employee Table

(86)

Identify the Database

• Before using a database with the Database Access component, you must identify the database in the ODBC application in Control Panel. In this

example, you will use a Microsoft® Access database that is provided with the ASP sample Web site.

• At the computer running your Web server, open Control Panel. • Double-click the ODBC icon, and then click System DSN.

• There are two types of data sources: User, which is available only to you, and System, which is available to anyone using the computer. Data

sources for use with the Web server need to be of the System type.

• Click Add, choose the Microsoft Access Driver, and then click Finish. In the Data Source Name box, type ASP Tutorial DB, and then click

Select. Select the c:\Webshare\asp\AdvWorks.mdb file and click OK. • Click OK to close the dialog boxes.

Database security for Access using ASP

(87)

(88)

Department List

Departments table

Expense

100

ASP Script

100

Record set SQL statement

Format result setresult set

Dynamically generated

web page

<form action="xxx.asp" method="post">

<a href="xxx.asp?id=all&y=3">Department List</a>

1

2

(89)

Deptlist.asp

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Department Listing</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <H1>Department List</H1>

<%

Set dbConnection =Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") dbConnection.Open "expense"

SQLQuery ="SELECT * FROM Departments"

Set RSDeptList = dbConnection.Execute(SQLQuery) %>

<UL>

<% Do While Not RSDeptList.EOF %>

<LI> <%= RSDeptList("ID")%>   <%= RSDeptList("name")%> :  <%= RSDeptList("description")%> <%

RSDeptList.MoveNext Loop

dbConnection.close

set dbConnection = Nothing %>

(90)

(91)

ASP Code

<%@ LANGUAGE = VBScript %>

<HTML><HEAD>

<TITLE>Department Listing</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>

<H1>Department List</H1>

<%

Set dbConnection=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")

dbConnection.Open "expense"

SQLQuery = "SELECT * FROM Departments"

(92)

ASP Code

<TR>

<TD>Description</TD> </TR>

<% Do While Not RSDeptList.EOF %>

<TR>

<%

RSDeptList.MoveNext Loop

set dbConnection = Nothing

(93)

(94)

ASP Code: emp_mail.asp

<%@ LANGUAGE = VBScript %>

<TITLE>Customer Listing</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <H1>Employee List</H1>

<%

Set dbConnection =Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") dbConnection.Open "expense"

SQLQuery = "SELECT * FROM Employees"

Set RSEmployeeList = dbConnection.Execute(SQLQuery) %>

<TR>

<TD>Employee ID</TD> <TD>Employee Name</TD> <TD>Title</TD>

(95)

Creating Hypertext Link

<% Do While Not RSEmployeeList.EOF %> <TR>

<TD><%= RSEmployeeList("EmployeeID")%> </TD>

<TD><%= RSEmployeeList("FirstName") & " " & RSEmployeeList("LastName") %></TD>

<TD><%= RSEmployeeList("Title")%> </TD>

<TD><%= RSEmployeeList("DepartmentID")%> </TD>

<TD> <_{a href="mailto:<%= RSEmployeeList("EmailAddress")%>">} Send E-mail to </a>

<%= RSEmployeeList("EmailAddress")%></TD>

</TR>

<%

RSEmployeeList.MoveNext Loop

set dbConnection = Nothing

(96)

Revised Version

<% Do While Not RSEmployeeList.EOF %>

<TR><TD><%= RSEmployeeList("EmployeeID")%> </TD>

<TD><%= RSEmployeeList("FirstName") & " " & RSEmployeeList("LastName") %></TD> <TD><%= RSEmployeeList("Title")%>   </TD>

<TD><%= RSEmployeeList("DepartmentID")%> </TD>

<% if NOT ISNull(RSEmployeeList("EmailAddress"))THEN %> <TD> <a href="mailto:<%= RSEmployeeList("EmailAddress")%>"> Send E-mail to </a>

<%= RSEmployeeList("EmailAddress") %></TD> <% else %>

<td>No email</td></td> <% end if %>

</TR>

 <%

RSEmployeeList.MoveNext Loop

(97)

OLE DB Connection String

• Microsoft Access

–

Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data

Source=

physical path to database file

• Microsoft SQL Server

–

Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=

path to

server

• Oracle

–

Provider=MSDAORA.1;Data Source=

path to

server

• Microsoft Indexing Service

–

Provider=MSIDXS.1;Data Source=

path to index

(98)

Insert

<%

'Define the OLE DB connection string.

strConnectionString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:\Data\Employees.mdb"

'Instantiate the Connection object and open a database connection. Set cnn = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")

cnn.Open strConnectionString 'Define SQL SELECT statement.

strSQL = "INSERT INTO Customers (FirstName, LastName) VALUES ('Jose','Lugo')"

(99)

Update and Delete

<%

Set cnn = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")

cnn.Open "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:\Data\Employees.mdb"

cnn.Execute _

"UPDATE Customers SET FirstName ='Jeff' WHERE LastName = 'Smith' " _ , ,adCmdText + adExecuteNoRecords

%> <%

Set cnn = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")

cnn.Open "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:\Data\Employees.mdb"

cnn.Execute _

"DELETE FROM Customers WHERE LastName = 'Smith'" _ ,,adCmdText + adExecuteNoRecords

(100)

Authors.mdb

• The database can be found at http://65.168.115.6/asp/database

or locally at c:\InetPub\IISSamples\asp\database

(101)

SimpleQuery.asp

<%@ LANGUAGE = VBScript %> <% Option Explicit %>

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Simple ADO Query</TITLE></HEAD> <BODY BGCOLOR="White" topmargin="10" leftmargin="10"> <font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica">

<b>Simple ADO Query with ASP</b></font><br><hr size="1" color="#000000"> Contacts within the Authors Database:<br><br>

<%

Dim oConn Dim oRs Dim filePath Dim Index

' Map authors database to physical path filePath = Server.MapPath("../authors.mdb")

' Create ADO Connection Component to connect with sample database Set oConn = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")