Procedure Automa-che e Modulari
di Analisi dei Da- Sismici
Is#tuto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
Data Crunching
&
Seismological Analysis
E
dward
Ancona
INGV
Na-onal Network
TABOO
Seimic Network
Rome
SeedStore
INGV
Mini Seed
Archive
daily rsynchis a DELL Power Edge R510
RAM 32GB
2 Intel Xeon X5675 (3.06GHz, 6C)
Ubuntu Linux Server 12.04
E
dw
ar
d
Alto Tiberina
Network
Elaborazione
Edward’s Jobs Scheduling
• Start (1/day at fixed -me)
rsynch Mseed data (daily files per seismic channel) from SeedStore to Edward’s local archive
• Convert (N/day every M minutes)
Converts Mseed 24H to SAC 24H files (msrouter, ms2sac, sacmerge)
• Trigger (N/day every M minutes)
Launches Burst Trigger engine on 3 components 24H SAC à list of triggers per sta-on
• Binder (N/day every M minutes)
Launches Burst2Coinc Binding engine on selected sta-ons à list of possible events per day
• Scissor (N/day every M minutes)
Launches the events cut engine on the local MSeed archive à 1 directory per event with 3 sac 180s waveforms files (Z, N, E) per sta-on
• Picker Loc Mag (N/day every M minutes)
Launches the CORE of the TABOO Automa-c Detec-on and Picking System
Scheduling is
performed by
the -me-‐based
Linux job
scheduler
CRON daemon
All the jobs run based on a “Lock” e “Done” logic.
Elaborazione
Edward’s Jobs Scheduling
This tells Start: “on
which day in the
past from today
should it work”.
0 means “TODAY”
Quasi Real-‐Time
VS
Real-‐Time
What can we and what we can’t do
• We can elaborate whatever day and on a unlimited (except hardware
resources limits) number of days at once (working dirs are independent).
• We can work on today now before midnight (with limits of the real-‐
-me but in quasi real-‐-me)
• We can’t work in real-‐-me … without intensive codes modifica-ons
Data: complete and quality checked
seismic data
Problems: whatever problem is possibly
solved or iden-fied
Purpose: purely scien-fic
Dense seismic sequences are becer
handeled
Data: possibly incomplete or absent at the
-me of pick)
Problems: whatever problem can’t be
handled in real -me
Purpose: monitoring/civil protec-on/
alarm no-fica-on
This is why we have analysts seismologists
a posteriori working on data for bulle-ns
Elaborazione
BURST: triggering engine
Orginally developed with Matlab
à
converted to F77 for opensource portability
It works on single sta-on, sac 3 components files
Moving windows (1s every 0,5s) on 3componens (24h)
•
Covariance Matrix is calculated
Square Matrix
•
Eigenvalues are calculated
Square Matrix
•
Sum over not-‐null diagonal
Sum of the modules of the 3 components
•
amplifies coherent signal
•
dumps random noise (modulus sum ~= 0)
Waveforms are filtered
•
band pass Bucerworth, 1-‐20Hz 4 poles
Sta/Lta Algorithm
•
SL search is
performed on the
CM
Setup
•
Trig on: 1.9
•
Trig off: 1.7
•
Dura-on: > 0.5s
Elaborazione
Sta#on AT07
Possible events/24h: 725
Event: 2010/04/15 01:47:36
Ml: 3.8
Sta/Lta
Covariance
Matrix
Waveform Z
BURST
Elaborazione
Sta#on ATLO
Possible Events/24h: 1725
Event: 2010/04/15 01:47:36
Ml: 3.8
Sta/Lta
Covariance
Matrix
Waveform Z
BURST
Elaborazione
Sta#on ATLO
Possible Events/24h: 867
Event: 2010/04/15 01:47:36
Ml: 3.8
Sta/Lta
Covariance
Matrix
Waveform Z
BURST
Elaborazione
BURST2COINC: earthquake finder
Orginally developed with Matlab
à
converted to F77 for open source portability
It works on BURST triggers per sta-on outputs
Sort
•
Triggers are merged and sorted by increasing -me
Time separa-on
•
Based on sta-ons inte-‐rdistance + S-‐wave expected
mean a -me lapse is defined over which
consecu-ve triggers do not belong to the same
event
à
single event is declared
Minimum Triggers
•
Only events with at least N of the selected sta-ons
are declared
Subset of High Quality Sta-ons
•
Only triggers at selected sta-ons are taken into account
Final Check
•
Double trigs and
possible merged
events are found
and resolved
2010/04/15
Possible Events
1450
Elaborazione
Edward’s Jobs Scheduling
• Start (1 daily at fixed -me)
rsynch Mseed data (daily files per seismic channel) from SeedStore to Edward’s local archive
• Convert (N/day every M minutes)
Converts Mseed 24H to SAC 24H files (msrouter, ms2sac, sacmerge)
• Trigger (N/day every M minutes)
Launches Burst Trigger engine on 3 components 24H SAC à list of triggers per sta-on
• Binder (N/day every M minutes)
Launches Burst2Coinc Binding engine on selected sta-ons à list of possibile events per day
• Scissor (N/day every M minutes)
Launches the events cut engine on the local MSeed archive à 1 directory per event with 3 sac 180s waveforms files (Z, N, E) per sta-on
• Picker Loc Mag (N/day every M minutes)
Launches the CORE of the TABOO Automa-c Detec-on and Picking System
Scheduling is
performed by
the -me-‐based
Linux job
scheduler
CRON daemon
All the jobs run based on a “Lock” e “Done” logic
Risulta-
Scissors: Based on Burst2Coinc output
• extracts 180s waveforms per channell per sta-on directly from local Mseed
• converts to SAC format
• Place the set in one directory per event (YYYY/JDAY/YYYYMMDDHHMISS)
• Writes the trigger -me per sta-on in each triggered waveform as a reference for PickerLockMag)
Picker Loc Mag
• checks and prepares waveforms for the automa-c picking)
• Refine Burst triggers to becer match P and to trig untriggered sta-ons (we use a basic picking
engine for this)
• Launches the well tested “Mpx Shell”, a set of programs which core is MannekenPix (by Dr. Freddy
Aldersons)
Picker Loc Mag
Risulta-
Picker
Loc Mag
• Filtering is performed with adap-ve Wiener Filter based on Noise and Signal+Noise Windows
separated by Safety Gaps around the reference picking/travel-me/trigger
• Iden#fica#on Algorithm (IA) based on the C5 algorithm (Quinlan, 1993) classifies P, S, N samples
• MPX is guided toward the proper event by a trigger in the waveform.
• Guiding theore-cal travel -mes are calculated for un-‐triggered addi-onal waveforms arer Run1
• MPX can be run in Highest Hit Rate (HHR) mode or in Highest Accuracy (HA) mode.
Run1/1b: HHR (Takanami-‐Kitagawa AIC algorithm + Baer-‐Kradolfer); Run2: HA (Baer-‐Kradolfer).
Picking of S-‐waves.
Implemented SEDSL impulsive onset: Iden-fica-on limit is S (qA)
emergent onset: lower limit + takanami (qB)
Risulta-
Picker
Loc Mag
• Loca#on
• 1d Loca-on is performed at each MPX Run1
• We use Hypoellipse correctly setup for the network size, data type, 1d velocity model
• Magnitude Calcula#on
• MPX determines maximum amplitude (using sensor and digi-zer informa-on)
• Ml per channel with Hucon & Boore (1987)
ML = log10(amp) + 1.110 log10(hd) + 0.00189 hd + 3.591
• M-‐es-mator for robust averages + huber es-ma-on of weights to avoid strong outliers
à Ml + Weighted σ
• Ml is also calculated with simple Mean, Mean without outliers, Median
• We essen-ally use the same formulas as INGV bulle-n to be able to compare the catalogues
Primary Output of Edward: TABOO seismic catalogue
• A line per event, with Time/space coordinates, quality control, Magnitude Ml
Risulta-
Primary Output of Edward
TABOO seismic catalogue
• A line per event, with Time/space coordinates, quality
control, Magnitude Ml
• A set of P-‐wave onset -mes and polari-es, S-‐waves
onsets, weights
• Loca-ons Map
• Ver-cal Sec-ons
e.g. 2010/04/15
From 1450 triggers to 510 high quality
earthquakes out of 801 located events
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
January 2013
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
Full Datasets
Taboo Target Region
Datasets Selec-on
Comparison between
P and S Phases
MPX compared to Manual Analysis
Saturday, 2013/04/20 – Ml 3.6 h 07:58
Mail delle 12:15
Work on 2013.110.b2c.out OVER. Scissor at 2013-‐04-‐22_13:31
Last Pick at 2013-‐04-‐23_01:19: to be picked = 1669, picked = 1068, picking = 9 Located Events: all=862 and Selected=315
