Lightning Protection -1

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STATE OF QATAR

NEW PORT PROJECT STEERING Committee

CONTAINER TERMINAL, INFRASTRUCTURE AND

UTILITY BUILDINGS

NPP/0026

DOCUMENT TITLE:

CONTAINER TERMINAL 1- BUILDINGS (D&B)

PHASE: DETAILED DESIGN

LIGHTNING PROTECTION RISK ASSESSMENT

CALCULATIONS

Document No.: NPP0026-TCC-CAL-EL-00001

TEYSEER CONTRACTING COMPANY WLL/ CONSOLIDATED CONTRACTORS GROUP S.A.L.

(OFFSHORE) (CCC) JV TCC/CCC JV

A ISSUED FOR REVIEW Renjith.P E.Koyess S.Sayegh

Rev _{Prepared by} _{Reviewed by} _{Approved by}

Signature:

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TEYSEER CONTRACTING COMPANY WLL / CONSOLIDATED CONTRACTORS GROUP S.A.L

(OFFSHORE) (CCC) JV

LIGHTNING PROTECTION RISK ASSESSMENT CALCULATIONS

DOC No. NPP0026-TCC-CAL-EL-00001 Page 2 of 97

This document explores the necessity of lightning protection system for the Container Terminal -1 buildings under the Design & Build package of the New Port Project as per contract NPP/0026. The software “FURSE STRIKE RISK version 5.0” will be used in this project to calculate all types of risk and compare it with the tolerable values based on IEC 62305.

2. REFERENCES:

DPCT-TCC-RPT-GEN-00004 Basis of Design

NPP0026-TCC-SPC-EL-00001 Electrical Specification

IEC 62305-1 Protection Against lightning – General Principles IEC 62305-2 Protection Against lightning – Risk Management IEC 62305-3 Protection Against lightning – Physical Damage to

Structures and life hazard

3. EXPLANATION OF TERMS AS PER CLAUSE 4 OF IEC 62305-2: 3.1 Damage and Loss

3.1.1 Source of Damage

The lightning current is the primary source of damage. The following sources are distinguished by the strike attachment point as per table-1 of IEC 62305-2.

S1: Flash to a Structure S2: Flash near a structure S3: Flashes to a service S4: Flashes near a service

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3.2 Type of damage

A lightning flash may cause damage depending on the characteristics of the object to be protected. Some of the most important characteristics are: type of construction, contents and application, type of service and protection measures provided.

For practical application of this risk assessment, it is useful to distinguish between three basic types of damage which can appear as the consequence of lightning flashes. They

D1: Injury to living beings D2: Physical damage

D3: Failure of electrical and electronic systems

3.2.1 Type of loss

Each type of damage, alone or in combination with others, may produce a different consequential loss in the object to be protected. The type of loss that may occur depends on the characteristics of the objects itself and its content. The following types of loss will be taken into account;

L1: Loss of human life

L2: Loss of service to the public L3: Loss of cultural heritage

L4: Loss of economic value (Structure and its content)

3.3 Risk and Risk Components 3.3.1 Risk

The Risk R is the value of a probable average annual loss. For each type of loss which may appear in a structure or in a service, the relevant risk will be evaluated.

The risks to be evaluated in a structure may be as follows: R1: Risk of loss of human life

R2: Risk of loss of service to the public

R3: Risk of loss of cultural heritage

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The evaluate risks, R, the relevant risk components will be defined and calculated. For the D & B buildings, in general the risk component R1, R2 & R4 is considered for all the buildings. Risk

R3 (cultural heritage) is to be considered only for the Mosque.

Each risk, R, is the sum of risk components. When calculating a risk, the risk components may be grouped according to the source of damage and type of damage.

3.3.2 Composition of Risk Components Related to a Structure as Per Clause 4.3 of IEC 62305-2

Risk components to be considered for each type of loss in a structure are listed below:

R1: Risk of loss of human life:

R1 = RA + RB + RC + RM + RU + RV + RW + RZ

RC, RM, RW and RZ are not applicable as they are applicable only for structures with risk of

explosion and for hospitals with life-saving electrical equipment or other structures when failure of internal systems immediately endangers human life.

RU, RV and RW are the risk components to be considered due to the flashes to a line connected

to the structure. In this case, all D & B buildings are is not connected to overhead line and only connected through cables, thus the risk components are not applicable.

Therefore, R1 = RA + RB

R2: Risk of loss of service to the public:

R2 = RB + RC + RM + RV + RW + RZ

= RB + RC + RM

R3: Risk of loss of cultural heritage:

R3 = RB + RV

R4: Risk of loss of economic value:

R4 = RB + RC + RM + RV + RW + RZ

= RB + RC + RM

The above risk components equations corresponding to each type of loss are based on Page-51, Table-3 of IEC 62305-2

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RA: Component related to injury to living beings caused by touch and step voltages in the zones up to 3 m outside the structure. Loss of type L1 and, in the case of Loss of type L1 and, in the case of structures holding livestock, loss of type L4 with possible loss of animals may also arise.

RB: Component related to Physical damage caused by dangerous sparking inside the structure triggering fire or explosion, which may also endanger the environment. All type of loss (L1, L2, L3 and L4) may arise.

RC: Component related to failure of internal systems caused by LEMP (Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse). Loss of type L2 and L4 could occur in all cases along with type L1 in the case of structures with risk of explosion and hospitals or other structures where failure of internal system immediately endangers human life.

3.3.4 Risk Components For A Structure Due To Flashes Near The Structure

RM: Component related to failure of internal systems caused by LEMP (Lightning Electromagnetic impulse). Loss of type L2 and L4 could occur in all cases along with type L1 in case of structures with risk of explosion and hospitals or other structures where failure of internal system immediately endangers human life.

4. RISK MANAGEMENT: 4.1 Basic Procedure:

The decision to protect a structure or a service against lightning, as well as the protection of selection of protection measures, will be performed according to IEC 62305-2. The following procedure will be applied:

 Identification of the object to be protected and its characteristics

 Identification of all the types of loss in the object and the relevant corresponding risk R (R1 to R4)

 Evaluation of risk R for each type of loss (R1 to R4)

 Evaluation of need of protection, by comparison of risk R1, R2 and R3 for a structure with the tolerable risk RT

 Evaluation of cost effectiveness of protection by comparison of the costs of total loss with and without protection measures. In this case, the assessment of components of risk R4 for a structure will be performed in order to evaluate such costs.

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4.2 Tolerable Risk (RT)

As per Clause 5.4 of IEC 62305-2 Table-7 Page-59,

 Tolerable risk for Loss of human life or permanent injuries is 10-5.  Tolerable risk for Loss of service to the public is 10-3

 Tolerable risk for Loss of cultural heritage is 10-3

 Tolerable risk for Loss of economic value is 10-3

4.3 Specific Procedure to Evaluate the Need of Protection

As per IEC 62305-1, the following risks will be considered in the evaluation of the need of protection against lightning for a structure:

Risks R1, R2 and R3

Besides the need for lightning protection for the object to be protected, it may be useful to evaluate the economic benefits of providing protection measures in order to reduce the economic loss L4.

In this case, the risk R4 of loss of economic values will be assessed. The assessment risk R4

allows the evaluation of the cost of the economic loss with and without the adopted protection measures.

For each risk to be considered, the following steps will be taken:  Identification of the components RX which make up the risk,

 Calculation of the identified risk components RX,  Calculation of the total risk R,

 Comparison of the risk R with tolerable value RT. If R ≤ RT, lightning protection is not necessary.

If R > RT protection measures will be adopted in order to reduce R ≤ RT for all risks to which the

object is subjected.

In D & B buildings, protection level shall be level four, therefore level four protection will be considered and all risks will be calculated based on that consideration and it will be proved that all the calculated risks are less than the tolerable risks values.

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5. THE RESULTS SUMMARY

5.1 Administration Building: For Detail Refer Attachment 3

Type of Risk Risk Calculated Value

Tolerable Value

Result

Loss of human life in the structure R1 8.9429E-06 1.0E-05 _Safe

Loss of service to the public in the structure

R2 4.2585E-07 1.0E-03 _Safe

Loss of cultural heritage in the structure

R3 2.1293E-08 1.0E-03 _Safe

Loss of economic value in the structure

R4 2.3679E-03 1.0E-03 Safe

Conclusion: - As per the calculation R1, R2 and R4 is less than tolerable risk RT (As per table-7,

clause 5.4, Page 59 of IEC 62305-2). Hence the Lightning protection for the building is not

required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Administration & Amenities Building. Lightning protection will be provided through a system of meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00004) will be developed accordingly.

5.2 Administration Substation Building (CTAS): For Detail Refer Attachment 4

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 8.8749E-07 1.0E-03 _Safe

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R4 4.8979E-06 1.0E-03 _Safe

required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Administration Substation Building. Lightning protection will be provided through a system of meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00050) will be developed accordingly.

5.3 Mosque: For Detail Refer Attachment 5

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 1.298E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

R3 6.1391E-09 1.0E-03 _Safe

R4 1.5313E-06 1.0E-03 _Safe

Conclusion: - As per the calculation R1, R2 and R4 is less than tolerable risk RT (As per

table-7, clause 5.4, Page 59 of IEC 62305-2). Hence the Lightning protection for the building is

not required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Mosque. Lightning protection will be provided through a system of meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00044) will be developed accordingly.

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5.4 Workshop Building: For Detail Refer Attachment 6

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 1.5906E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

R3 3.15E-09 1.0E-03 _Safe

R4 2.2143E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

not required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Workshop Building. Lightning protection will be provided by bonding the roof metallic structures (metallic structures as air-termination component – Refer page-35,caluse 5.2.5, & table-3 of IEC 62305-3) and provide bonding to the meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), at the concrete roof area and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the structure / building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00024) will be developed accordingly.

5.5 Washdown Area : For Detail Refer Attachment 7

a) REEFER WASH DOWN AREA

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 3.9656E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

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structure

R4 8.1449E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

b) RTG WASH DOWN AREA

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 9.1465E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

R3 9.0331E-08 1.0E-03 _Safe

R4 3.1639E-04 1.0E-03 _Safe

required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Reefer & RTG Wash-down Area Buildings. Lightning protection will be provided by bonding the roof metallic structures (metallic structures as air-termination component – Refer

page-35,caluse 5.2.5, & table-3 of IEC 62305-3) and provide bonding to the meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), at the concrete roof area and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the structure / building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00029) will be developed accordingly.

5.6 Driver Reception Building: For Detail Refer Attachment 8

Tolerable Value

Result

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structure

R3 2.3398E-08 1.0E-03 _Safe

R4 1.4251E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

not required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Driver Reception Building. Lightning protection will be provided through a system of meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00035) will be developed accordingly.

5.7 Gate Complex Building: For Detail Refer Attachment 9

a) GATE COMPLEX – CANOPY AREA

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 1.7168E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

R3 1.5585E-07 1.0E-03 _Safe

R4 1.7324E-05 1.0E-03 Safe

b) GATE MANAGER AND FACILITIES BUILDING

Tolerable Value

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R2 8.768E-06 1.0E-03 _Safe

R3 3.7039E-09 1.0E-03 _Safe

R4 8.8421E-06 1.0E-03 _Safe

not required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Gate complex structures and Gate Manager Facilities Buildings. Lightning protection will be provided by bonding the roof metallic structures (metallic structures as air-termination component – Refer page-35,caluse 5.2.5, & table-3 of IEC 62305-3) and provide bonding to the meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), at the concrete roof area and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the structure / building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (DD-EL-CT-GLP-00009 & DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00056) will be developed accordingly.

5.8 Quayside Amenities Building: For Detail Refer Attachment 10

Tolerable Value

Result

R2 3.943E-05 1.0E-03 _Safe

R3 9.8643E-08 1.0E-03 _Safe

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not required.

However as an additional precautionary measure LPS Class IV will be provided for Quayside & Amenities Building – North & South. Lightning protection will be provided through a system of meshed conductors spaced 20m x 20m (Refer page 31, table-2 of IEC 62305-3), and down conductors spaced at 20m (Refer page 39, table-4 of IEC 62305-3).Down conductor will be provided on the wall of the building and will be connected to the earth ring and dedicated earth electrodes. The lightning protection layout (EL-CT-GLP-00014 & DPCT-DD-EL-CT-GLP-00018) will be developed accordingly

6. ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1:- Isokeraunic Map (Map showing thunderstorm days per year throughout the world)

Attachment 2:- Mesh type air termination system on flat roof structure. (Extract from IEC 62305-3)

Attachment 3:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Administration & Amenities Building. Attachment 4:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Administration Substation Building. Attachment 5:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Mosque Building.

Attachment 6:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Workshop Building.

Attachment 7:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Wash-down Area Buildings. Attachment 8:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Driver Reception Building. Attachment 9:- LIGHTNING RISK CALCULATION for Gate area Buildings.

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29

www.furse.com World thunderstorm days map | BS EN 62305-2

Figure 3.6: World Thunderstorm days map (BS EN 62305-2 Figure NK.2)

NPP0026-TCC-CAL-EL-00001 REV. A Page 15 of 97

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62305-3 © IEC:2006 – 187 –

w

IEC 2142/05

Figure E.22a – LPS air-termination on a flat-roof structure

w

IEC 2143/05

Key

w Mesh size

NOTE The mesh size should comply with Table 2.

Figure E.22b – LPS air-termination on a sloped-roof structure

Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission

Provided by IHS under license with IEC Licensee=Oman/5940240038, User=Matuszewski, Leszek Not for Resale, 01/19/2010 03:47:44 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

--``,`,`,`,,`````,``,,`,`,,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---NPP0026-TCC-CAL-EL-00001 REV. A Page 16 of 97

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File: Administration and Amenities Building.src

Project details

BS EN 62305-2:2006 Risk Management Calculations

CONTAINER TERMINAL - 1 (D&B) Project name:

ADMINISTRATION & AMENITIES BUILDING Project title: Project address: Project ref: Calculation ref: Calculation notes: Project author: 15 February 2014 Created: 15 February 2014 Modified:

Case details

Administration and Amenities Building Case name: Case title: 05 February 2014 Created: 10 February 2014 Modified: Case notes:

Primary risk totals

R

1_T 8.9429E-06 Risk of loss of human life in the structure

Imax 100.00kA Maximum peak current

97.00% Probability that lightning current parameters are smaller than the maximum value defined above

Imin 16.00kA Minimum peak current

84.00% Probability that lightning current parameters are greater than the minimum value defined above

60.00m Radius of rolling sphere

ISPD 16.67kA Maximum peak current of equipotential bonding SPD's for each of 'n' lines defined (based upon simple current division concept)

NOTE: The worst case surge that could be expected on a two-wire telephone or data line is 2.5kA (10/350 µs) per line (Category D test to BS EN 61643-21) to earth or 5 kA (10/350 µs) per pair.

Line 1 Protect Line 1 at its entrance to the structure with a standard equipotential bonding SPD (rated to ISPD above) in accordance with

BS EN 62305-3

NOTE: Where SPDs are required but an LPS is not (ISPD = 0), protect overhead lines with Type 1 SPDs (mains 12.5kA 10/350µs, data/telecom 2.5kA 10/350µs), protect underground lines with overvoltage or Type 2 SPDs (tested with an 8/20 µs waveform)

BS EN 62305-3

Environment

N

g 1.00 Lightning flash density (Flashes/km²/year)

C

d 0.50 Location factor

C

e 0.10 Environmental factor

Rho 3.00 W m Soil resistivity (Ohm metres)

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Assessment of A

x

- Collection areas (BS EN 62305-2 Annex A.2)

A

Primary structure

Structure ID: - Rectangular with a flat roof

L

b 56.40 m Length of primary structure

W

b 21.80 m Width of primary structure

H

b 19.60 m Height of primary structure

Secondary structures

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Lines

Line 1 LV Cables Incomer 1

K

S3 (L1) 0.02 Factor relevant to the characteristics of internal wiring for line 1

P

SPD (L1) Probability of failure of internal systems or a service when SPDs are

provided for equipotential bonding (in accordance with BS EN 62305-3) for line 1

0.03

P

SPDc (L1) Probability of failure of internal systems or a service when coordinated SPDs

are provided (in accordance with BS EN 62305-4) for line 1 1.00

C

t (L1) 1.00 Correction factor for a hv/lv transformer on line 1

C

dc (L1) 0.25 Location factor for line 1

U

w (L1) 2.50 kV Rated impulse withstand voltage of a system connected to line 1

L

c (L1) 65.00 m Length of line 1

H

c (L1) 0.00 m Height of the conductors above ground for line 1

- Annual number of dangerous events (BS EN 62305-2 Annex A)

- Probability of damage for a structure (BS EN 62305-2 Annex NB)

Loss factors relevant to R

2

Loss factors relevant to R

3

1.0E-05 2.5E-05

L

B

1.0E-05 2.5E-05

L

V

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File: Administration and Amenities Building.src Zone 10 Zone 9 Zone 8 Zone 7 Zone 6 Zone 5 Zone 4 Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1 Factor

Loss factors relevant to R

4

0.0E00 0.0E00

R

Z (L3)

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Risk components relevant to R

2

R

B 8.054E-13 0.0E00

R

V (L1) 1.4549E-12 0.0E00

R

V (L2) 2.754E-12 0.0E00

R

V (L3)

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Risk components relevant to R

4

R

1_D 8.9408E-06 Risk of loss of human life in the structure due to flashes to the structure (S1)

R

2_D 4.2575E-07 Risk of loss of service to the public in the structure due to flashes to the structure (S1)

R

3_D 2.1288E-08 Risk of loss of cultural heritage in the structure due to flashes to the structure (S1)

R

4_D 1.0729E-04 Risk of loss of economic value in the structure due to flashes to the structure (S1)

R

1_I Risk of loss of human life in the structure due to flashes influencing, but not

BS EN 62305-2:2006 Risk Management Calculations

CONTAINER TERMINAL -1 (D&B) Project name:

ADMINISTRATION SUBSTATION (CTAS) Project title: Project address: Project ref: Calculation ref: Calculation notes: Project author: 13 February 2014 Created: 13 February 2014 Modified:

Case details

Administration Substation (CTAS) Case name: Substation (CTAS) Case title: 08 February 2014 Created: 12 February 2014 Modified: Case notes:

Primary risk totals

R

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Protection system design parameters

LPL IV

Line 1 Protect Line 1 at its entrance to the structure with a enhanced equipotential bonding SPD (rated to ISPD above) in accordance with

BS EN 62305-3

Protect all internal systems connected to Line 1 with a coordinated set of enhancedSPDs in accordance with BS EN 62305-4

BS EN 62305-3

Environment

N

C

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Assessment of A

x

- Collection areas (BS EN 62305-2 Annex A.2)

- Annual number of dangerous events (BS EN 62305-2 Annex A)

N

d/b 0.001028 Average number of flashes to main structure

N

m 0.211341 Average number of flashes to surrounding ground

N

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Assessment of P

x

- Probability of damage for a structure (BS EN 62305-2 Annex NB)

- Amount of loss for a structure (BS EN 62305-2 Annex NC)

Loss factors relevant to R

1

Loss factors relevant to R

2

Loss factors relevant to R

3

5.0E-05 5.0E-04

L

B

5.0E-05 5.0E-04

L

V

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File: Administration Substation.src Zone 10 Zone 9 Zone 8 Zone 7 Zone 6 Zone 5 Zone 4 Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1 Factor

Loss factors relevant to R

4

0.0E00 0.0E00

R

Z (L3)

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Risk components relevant to R

2

R

B 9.5414E-13 0.0E00

R

V (L1) 9.5414E-13 0.0E00

R

V (L2) 1.5231E-12 0.0E00

R

V (L3)

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Risk components relevant to R

4

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Primary risk with respect to type of damage

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File: Mosque.src

Project details

BS EN 62305-2:2006 Risk Management Calculations

CONTAINER TERMINAL - 1(D&B) Project name: MOSQUE Project title: Project address: Project ref: Calculation ref: Calculation notes: Project author: 15 February 2014 Created: 15 February 2014 Modified:

Case details

Mosque Case name: Mosque Case title: 08 February 2014 Created: 15 February 2014 Modified: Case notes:

Lightning Protection -1

STATE OF QATAR

NEW PORT PROJECT STEERING Committee

CONTAINER TERMINAL, INFRASTRUCTURE AND

UTILITY BUILDINGS

NPP/0026

CONTAINER TERMINAL 1- BUILDINGS (D&B)

PHASE: DETAILED DESIGN

LIGHTNING PROTECTION RISK ASSESSMENT

CALCULATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Project details

BS EN 62305-2:2006 Risk Management Calculations

Case details

Primary risk totals

R

R

R

R

Protection system design parameters

Environment

N

C

C

Assessment of A

- Collection areas (BS EN 62305-2 Annex A.2)

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

Structures

L

W

H

Lines

K

P

P

C

C

U

L

H

K

P

P

C

C

U

L

H

K

P

P

C

C

U

L

H

Zones

r

r

r

/ r

h

h

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L