kg/cm2) is involved, additional protection is required.
H) Vessels, heat exchangers (including air cooled exchangers) and other equipments containing flammable or combustible liquids over 315°C or their auto-ignition temperature, whichever is less.
I) Complex process units such as catalytic crackers, hydro-crackers, ethylene units, hydrotreaters, or large crude distilling units typically containing high fire potential equipment.
Medium Fire Potential Equipment A) Accumulators, feed drums, and other vessels that may leak as a result of broken instrumentation, ruptured gaskets, or other apparatus.
B) Towers that may leak as a result of broken gauge columns or gasket failure on
connected piping and bottom of reboilers C) Air cooled fin fan exchangers that handle flammable and combustible liquids. D) Highly automated and complex peripheral equipment such as combustion
air preheaters.
Low Fire Potential Equipment A) Pumps that handle Class IIIB liquids below their flash points
B) Piping within battery limits which has a concentration of valves, fittings, and flanges.
C) Heat exchangers that may develop flange leaks.
2 Fire Scenario Envelope (Fire Potential Area or
Fireproofing Limits)
Fire potential areas are bounded by lines drawn at 15.25 m radius from fire potential equipment.
Fire scenario envelop is one that extends 6 m to 12 m horizontally, and 6 m to 12 m vertically from fire potential equipment. LPG vessels are considered to be the source of a fire scenario exposure, and require fireproofing unless protected by a fixed water spay system. API 2510 recommends fireproofing pipe supports within 15 m of the LPG vessel, or within the spill containment area.
Fire exposed envelop for structural steel, vessel/column skirts is the area within a radius of 6 m to 12 m horizontally, and 6 m to 12 m vertically from fire potential equipment.
For instrumentation, electrical power cables and/or air piping/tubing is the area within 15.25m horizontally, and 15.25 m vertically
The radius from fire potential equipment
mentioned in TAS-01-M2 is more than the mention in API 2218 and Chevron 1700
3 Fire Proofing Considerations for Structures within Fire Scenario Envelop
See TAS-01-M2 Attachment A & B See API 2218 Item 6.1.1 to 6.1.7 See Chevron 1700 Fireproofing, item 1721
No any illustrations
Fireproofing of the principal members is warranted if the structure is in the fire exposed envelop and failure of these members could cause any of the following:
A) Threat of injury to personnel B) Loss or serious damage to
valuable or critical supported equipment
C) Release of large volumes of flammable material D) Release of toxic material E) Threat to adjacent property and
structures of high value F) Serious loss of productive
capacity
Fireproofing is not warranted in these situations:
A) The value of the structure and supported equipment is low when compared to the cost of fireproofing.
B) Member failure would not cause failure of the structure or
All mentions in TAS-01-M2 are not different from API 2218.
All mentions in Chevron 1700 are general term.
Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air Coolers Figure 9- Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air Coolers
earthquake bracing and other secondary members, such as supports for stairs, platforms, and walkways, are not normally fireproofed. C) The structure is far enough
removed from the source of a fire to preclude serious damage (e.g., outside the fire hazard envelope).
D) The fire would cause failure or serious damage to supported equipment whether or not the structure was fireproofed. E) The structure supports piping
that is not carrying flammable liquids. Piping carrying only gases does not normally justify fireproofing of the supports because the risk of a
Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air Coolers Figure 9- Pipe Rack Supporting Fin Fan Air Coolers
Figure 10-Tranfer Line With Hager Support and Catch Beam
Figure 11-Tranfer Line Support
Figure 4-Structure Supporting Fire Potential and Non fire Potential Equipment
Figure 5-Structure Supporting Fire Potential and Non fire Potential Equipment
Figure 6-Structure Supporting Non fire Potential Equipment
No any illustrations
4 Fire Resistance Rating Fireproofing for structures and supports shall provide at least 1 ½ hours protection at 1100°C under “High Rise” fire conditions as defined in Attachment D (Fireproofing Standards)
If the expected fire would only be a moderate exposure, with reasonable expectations that manual water cooling of exposed structure could effectively be in place within an hour or less, a 1 ½ -hour UL
1709 rating might be a reasonable choice. However, if responding emergency response personnel were 1 ½ hours away or exposure was more severe, a more protective rating (such as 3 hours) might be
chosen.
Three-hour fireproofing is for main support members of structures and equipment within the fire-exposed envelope. A three-hour level of protection is appropriate for typical
onshore hydrocarbon processing unit fire duration.
Consult the ECT Fire& Process Safety Team if you feel the above criteria do not fit your need.
At least 1 ½ hours protection mentioned in
TAS-01-M2 is appropriate for SPRC if fire water system could effectively be in place within an hour
or less.
5 Fire Proofing Material Fireproofing materials shall be in
accordance with Underwriters Laboratories, UL-1709 Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel. For structures, gunned or poured concrete is preferred for most applications due to its
extensive satisfactory use and its resistance
In selection fireproofing material, care should be taken to obtain the desired degree of protection during the system’s service life. In addition to the system’s degree of fire-resistance, a variety of other
characteristics should be evaluated to ensure that its material perform property in the
The company usually uses concrete material because it is often the most cost-effective. Many commercial products are also available. They have specialized uses and are usually more expensive than concrete. Fireproofing materials come in three categories:
Fireproofing material described in TAS-01-M2 is clearly and governs all needs in API 2218 and Chevron 1700.
Maintenance
A) Hairline Cracking
When more than hairline cracking appears, the openings should be cleaned out and filled with new material according to manufacturer’s instructions B) Substrate Bonding
Loss of bonding to the substrate may be determined by surface bulges or an abnormal sound
when the surface is tapped with a light hammer
C) Bond Failure
In evident areas of bond failure, fireproofing should be removed and the substrate should be thoroughly cleaned and properly primed before new material is
applied. D) Surface Coating
If surface coating is required to prevent moisture from
penetrating, it should be renewed at intervals recommended by the manufacturer. The previously listed inspections should be completed prior to renewal of coating so that defects are not hidden by the coating.
removing small sections of fireproofing to allow a more thorough inspection and determine the extent of the corrosion.
