Were
You
Born
Under
a
Lucky
Star?
A
COMPLETE
EXPOSITION
OF
THE
SCIENCE
OF ASTROLOGY
Adapted from the Four Books of
Ptolemy, the Astronomer, on the
Artof Readingthe-Stars : : :
BY
A.
ALPHEUS
"
We
boldthereismoretruth in astrology
. thanin astrologers,"^
SIRTHOMAS BROWNE
PUBLISHERS
CUPPLES
&
LEON
BYTHE
HENNEBERRY
CONTENTS
CHAP. , PAGE
INTRODUCTION
HUMAN
CRYSTALLIZATION . . 5I. PTOLEMYAND
MODERN
SCIENCE . . 19 II.THE
NECESSARYKNOWLEDGE
OFASTRONOMY 23III.
THE
SUN AND THEZODIAC . ..39
IV.THE
MOON
AND THE PLANETS . . 44 V. HOUSES AND ANGLES 52VI. ASPECTS 62
VII. PREDICTION 70
VIII. EXEMPLIFICATION 84 IX.
THE
USESAND DIFFICULTIESOFASTROLOGY 99X. PTOLEMY'S RULES FOR JUDGING FORTUNES 106
Appendix
A
132 AppendixB
134 AppendixC
135 AppendixD
.163
AppendixE
167 Tables . . ..179
WERE YOU BORN UNDER A
LUCKY
STAR?
HUMAN
CRYSTALLIZATION.
So
many
eminentmen,
eminent both in scienceand
literature, havebeen secretly interested in astrology of
lateyears, that
we may
not unreasonably expect beforelonga public
movement
towardascientificinvestigation ofthe observed facts in connection with it.And
thenwe may
hope
that theordinaryman
will not burst into peals oflaughter atthe verymention
of theword
"as-trology"as he doestoday.There
are severalelementswhich
militate against theseriousstudyof astrology.
The
firstand
greatestisthe almostutter lackin thisdayofanything approachingascientific
knowledge
ofmind and
emotion. Astrologypresumes
to point outhow
mind and
emotion
aremolded.
But
we
must
understandmind
beforewe
can reasonablygo on
toaninvestigation of thecauseswhich
made
it so.What
do
the scientistsknow
oflove, themost
powerfulofhuman
emotions!How
verysmall isour
knowledge
of the natural processes ofhuman
ob-,servation
and
deduction!What
littlewe
do know, came
down
to us chieflyfrom
the Greeks. Indeed,we may
say thatourknowledge
oftheintellectual processesand
INTRODUCTION.
the
commonest
emotions of ahuman
being are of themost
elementary kind.And
thisconfusion ofknowledge
hasintroduced into astrology vitalmistakes. Personally I have never seen a scintilla of evidenceto suppose that the positions of the planets inany
way
determinehuman
events exceptin determining the crystallization of
human
character atbirth.But
in attemptingto account for events in alife,
no
distinction hasbeen
made
between
those eventswhich
are the result ofcharacterand
thosewhich
come
from
quite different causes.For
instance,anastrologerforetellsthat a childshoulddieof
drowning
in hissixth year.But
it is not the event that he really can say anything about, only the disposition of the child tomeddle
withwateratthat age.The
childwillverylikelyfall into the water, as in a case I have in mind, but astrology
had no
possiblemeans
ofknowing
thatsome
one
would
fishhim
out before hewas
drowned.A
cer-tainhoroscopeindicated the character for a lawyer,
who
at acertainperiod ofhis lifewould
have aninclinationtoward
female clients. If at that time hehad
such adistinguished client, it
was by no means
the stars that brought that client to him. His disposition naturally ledhim
to associate himself with whatever eminent femalecriminalclientmight then have need ofa lawyer. Again,many
people have died violentdeaths forwhich thereseems no
reason in the horoscope. It simplyillustrates thefact, as I personally believeitto be, that there are
two
kinds of fate theone
in a man'sown
character, the other in circumstances outside.With
INTROD
UCTION.
do,
though
indeed itoftenseems
tohavemuch
becausewe
do
not understand, with ourlimited.psychology, the differencebetweentheeventswhich
resultfrom
aman'sown
natureand
thosewhich
come
from
wholly exterior circumstances.The
secondgreat obstacle in thepath ofa scientificinvestigation of astrology is the fact that it is almost entirely in the hands of those mystics
who
either callthemselves "artists," or else apply to themselves the adjective "esoteric,"whateverthat
may
mean. Itis of course impossibleforthescientist toconsiderseriously that ethereal fluidwhich
emanatesfrom
the starsand
penetrates man'sbeing,ortoindulgeinrhapsodies over thespiritual
harmony
ofthe universe.These
termsand
theories
no
doubtforeshadow
and
correspond with actual discoveriesand
facts; but theymean
nothingtothescientists. In short, a scientifictheoryofastrology
is necessary before the scientist will be tempted even
to investigate thefactsobserved.
But
we
willpass to anotherobstacle in the pathof astrology,though
to ourmind
really the slightest ofall, thecharlatan fortune-telling for so
many
ages asso-ciated with it.Even
if thewhole
claim of astrologywere
fully admitted, foretelling a man's futurewould
beanimpossibilitybecauseof the multiplicity ofknown
elements(letalonethe
unknown) which go
tomake
thatfuture. In
astronomy
allowance always hastobemade
for
comets
and
world-explosions. Infinitely greaterallowance
would
havetobemade
intherealmofastrol-ogy, so infinitely complicated is it in
comparison
with astronomy. It isnotfor fortune-telling thatwe
wishtoINTRODUCTION.
investigateastrology;but ifit isa true scienceeven in
possibility,
how
greatlywould
thatfactserve to revolu-tionizeour viewof erring fellow-beings,and
ofa thou-sand other things!But
we
do
notbelieve that theknown
charlatanism associatedwith astrologywould
operatetopreventhon-est scientific
men
from
investigating themeaning
of observedfacts. Charlatanism characterizedmesmerism
and
hypnotism, but scientificmen
haveredeemed
this lattersubjectfrom
theregionof fancyand
made
it sci-entific.Another
reasonformuch
oftheabsurdityinancientastrology
was
the smallknowledge
ofastronomy
then possible.For
instance, the discoveryofUranus
has ina
moment
accounted for grave discrepancieswhich
the ancientsfound inmany
horoscopes.We
statedabovethatone
greatobstaclein thepath of ascientificfuture forastrologywas
ourlack of knowl-edge ofthehuman
mind.There
isone
branch of the study notopen
to that objection,however
the effectof the heavenly bodies
on
health.We
have awhole
learned profession devoted to the study of physiology
and
thewelfare of thehuman
body.The
medical pro-fession should therefore be preparedto investigate thefactsofastrologyas affecting the
human
body
inhealth or illness. It isfrom
the physiological point of viewchiefly that our investigation can at present be con-ducted.
Here
we
have an infinite possibilityof obtain-ingfacts,and
when
itis stated that aman
has typhoid fever or measles, there isno
doubt about it. FactsINTRODUCTION.
there are in plenty to prove that
human
disease has a directconnection with variouscombinationsof starsand
planetsincertain positions. If
any one
doubttheexist-enceofthe factshe has onlyto lookintothe cases that
lieeasily beforehim.
There
are not a score,but thou-sands,and
out of a thousand casesone
cancome
to afairlyaccurateconclusion concerningfacts,aftermak-ing
ample
allowanceforcoincidences.But
granting certain facts as patent,what
explana-tion canyou
give? asks the scientist.The
penetrating influence ofKarma
is nota satisfactoryanswer.Taking
thefactsbeforeus,let us proceed todeducean
hypothesis,ifnotatheory. First,let usstate afewfacts
and
thenmake
anaturaldeduction.Facts: Certainstarsor planets
on
the point of rising atthetimeof birthhave been observedtobe connected with certain types ofphysique.Certain effects have
been
observed to beassociated withcombinationsof planets in certain positions of the zodiacwhen
their lightreached the earth soas toform
an angle of sixty or
one
hundred
and
twenty degrees(the favorable aspects of thesextile
and
trine); certain results quite the reversehave appearedto followangles of light ofninety degreesand
one
hundred
and
eighty (square"andopposition aspects).All these influences are ascribed to the
moment
of birthand
the time immediately following.The
anglewhich
thelightofanysingleplanetformed
to the earth in the latitudeand
longitude of birth issaid to affect the being of the child in certain definite
INTRODUCTION.
enemies of its
own
nature, thirty to sixty degrees,friends, etc.).
We
assume
these statements to be facts.Having
satisfiedourselves that thereisa certain
amount
oftruthinthem, forlack oftime
we
leavetheproofofthefactsto others.
Deductions: It is
known
that minerals crystallizeon
these angles. Itisknown
thatanimallifeoriginatesin microscopic cells, at first formless, which gradually
go
throughaprocesssimilar to crystallization,and
that insome
way
in these invisible cells allhuman
qualitiesof
mind
orbody
are latent. Let us thereforeassume
thatatthe
moment
of birththeseelementalhuman
cellsbegintocrystallize,
and
that theform
of theircrystalliza-tionisdetermined
by
theconditions of light, heat, elec-tricity, or gravitationproduced
by
heavenly bodies atthe
moment.
The
crystallizationisprobablyaprogressiveprocess;the first crystals determine the shape of thebody, the
ones
formed
later being connected with qualitiesmore
subtle,whichlielatent duringcertainyears until
matur-itybrings
them
intoplay.Thus
some
hours afterbirthmay
besown
theseedsofbrain fever to occurinmiddlelife.
But
is it light, heat, or electricity, or gravitationwhich
determinesthemode
ofcrystallization,oracom-bination ofone or
more
orall ?It
may
be the condition of themagnetism
of the earth causedby
the anglewhich
that portion of the earth forms to the sun. This theory is supportedby
influ-INTRODUCTION.
ences
when
posited in certain signs of the zodiac. In thecourseofcenturies the stars inAriesand
the other signs havemoved
back
thirty degrees, but the signwhich
begins at the vernal equinoxand
the others insuccession,have not been observedto
change
theirinflu-ence. It
would
thereforeseem
that the light of the stars,which
had
changed,was
not the fundamental cause,buttheangle which thesunformed
tothemag-netic poles of theearth,
which had
not changed.It
may
be the varying density of theatmosphere
causedby
the attraction of the heavenly bodiesfortheairaboutthe earth. Thus,the
moon
asitpasses aboutthe earth raises tides. It doubtless also raises a tide
of air,
and
the planetsmay
raise smaller tides, thusaffecting the density of theair. Also it is
known
that the point atwhich
mineralscrystallizeis determinedby
the pressure,
among
otherelements. Thismight
pos-siblyaccountforthe influence of thesun
and
moon
when
placed in varyingsigns of the zodiac; butthis
and
thepreceding theory leave
many
things unaccounted for.The
irregular effect ofhumidity invarying the densityof the
atmosphere would seem
almost wholly todis-countenancethetheoryofvaried pressure. Gravitation
may
actin amore
directway, however,though
thereisfar lessreasonto supposethat gravitationhas anything to
do
withhuman
crystallizationthanthereisfor believ-inglightormagnetism
tobethe controllingforce.Light
and
heat are merely varyinglengths ofethe-real vibration,
and
even the chemical rays areessen-tially the
same
in character as both heatand
light.INTRODUCTION.
pressure
and
temperature; that is, the balance of theexpansive
and
repressiveforces.We
naturallylook for corresponding elementsinhuman
crystallization. Eithergravitation, atmospheric density, or the magnetic con-dition ofthe earth (which ofthese.it
would
be hard to say)correspondsto pressure,and
we may
easilysuppose thatthe chemicaland
otherrays correspond to heat, a coarservarietyof thesame
thing.It iswell
known
that light has a powerful influence,over life the
two
are often spoken of asalmost syno-nyms.The
healthy childmust
be reared out of doorsin the sunlight.
Darkness
invariably produces disease, evenwhen
there is plenty of heat.In recent experiments with the cathode, or so-called X-rays, the stimulating effect
on
animal life ofthese rays
was
noticedinseveral cases.A
mouse which
had
been kept under water anhour
was
resuscitated while being photographed. Edison'syoung
men
assist-ants
were
able towork
in these rays for forty-eight hours at a time without weariness. Similar observa-tionswere
reported elsewhere.But
this only goes toshow
thetremendous
influence oflighton
life light inall itsvarieties,
from
heat to theinvisible chemicalrays.The
processofmineralcrystallizationisthis:When
the liquid or supersaturated solution reaches a certain temperatureand
condition of pressure,and
theimpulse tocrystallize hasbeen given insome
way, geometricalcrystals are formed, not at
one
spontaneous burst,butin
more
orless rapid degrees,and
theprocessmay
be arrestedby
thechange
in temperature causedby
heat arisingfromtheprocessitself.INTRODUCTION.
The
childinthewomb
may
be regardedasamineral held in solution; at birththe impulse of crystallizationis given
and
the process takes place during the hoursand
days immediately ensuing; the beginning of the process determines the general direction or tendency oftheresult,and
later effectstakeasecondaryplace,orone
thatmanifestsitselfonlywhen
thefirstcrystalshave
served their dayand
given place tomaturing
elements heldincheckwhiletheyexisted.We
may
suppose that theform
or nature of these crystalsisverylargelydeterminedby
thestateof vibra-tion ofthe etherinitshigher forms.Chemical
orotherrays
coming
at a certain anglemight harmonize
witheach other easily
and
produce
a favorable etherealatmosphere
; while rayscoming
atother angleswould
interferewith eachother, either neutralizingeach other or producingirregular vibrations of the ether.
Ptolemy
said that Saturnwas
coldand Mars. was
hot. It
may
beassumed
thatthe rayscoming from them
have inthe
one
case alowerand
intheothera greater rate of vibration (or the reverse) than themean
most
favorable to
human
development, while the benefic aspects of Jupitermay
bethe result of thefactthat the raysfrom
him
have amedium
rateofvibrationmost
inharmony
with thedevelopment
of thehuman
crysial. Itiswellknown
thatthe character of thelightcom-ing
from
the variousplanets varies greatly, thelight ofthe sun being
most
comprehensive.Most
of the lightcoming from
the planets isreflected;butwhat
rays arereflected
and what
are absorbed depends whollyon
the character of the planetand
itsatmosphere.INTRODUCTION.
Planets in conjunction with the sun are observed to lend to thelightofthesuntheir
own
character,which
isin accord withthegeneral laws ofethereal vibration.
There
isjustone
graveobjection to thelighttheory.The
position of the signs of the zodiacand
ofthe sunin relation to
them
shouldmean
thecombined
effectof the light of the fixed stars above the earth at
any
given
moment.
But
ifby
the precession of the eclipticthe position of the signs in the
heaven
haschanged
thirty degrees,
and
no
correspondingchange
of effectof the signs so alteredhas
been
observed, it is obvious that the light of the stars originally in the signhad
nothingto
do
withtheeffectofthe signon
human
life.This strongly suggeststhat thesecond elementin
human
crystallization, correspondingtopressurein thecase of minerals,isthe magnetic conditionof the earth accord-ingtoitspositioninreference tothe sun. Alsowe
know
that the light ofmost
ofthe fixed stars islike that of the sun,and
being directand
comprehensive is not so productiveofvariationas the irregularly reflectedlightfrom
the planets, including themoon.
Still, the lightofthe stars atvariousangles, takingintoconsideration that
we
are dealingwiththetotal effectofallstarsabove thehorizon,may
haveacombined
effectwhich has been onlyslightlyvariedby
the accident of thechange
ofthe signs of the zodiac,an
effect which has therefore notbeen
duly observed.But
undoubtedlywe
have herea
strong
argument
for the existence ofsome
otherINTRODUCTION.
As
farasIam
aware, thetheoryofhuman
crystalli-zationhas never before beendefinitelypresented.
Pto-lemy
spoke of the various planetsand
luminaries as being associated with different degrees of heatand
humidity. Thus, Saturn
was
dryand
cold,Mars
dryand
hot, thesundry, themoon
moist,etc.;and
likewisehe connected the winds
coming from
various quarters with different planetsby
a very far-fetched analogy.And
heclearly statesthatthemoment
ofgeneration or copulationmust
befarmore
important thanthemoment
of birth;butsincethefirst isalmost impossibletodeter-mine, thelatterhas tobe taken forconvenienceas the starting point. Evidently
human
crystallizationhad
never enteredhis mind.Heredity has been so
much
talked ofinrecentyearsthat
one
ofthebestmodern
writers,Mr.
Hiram
Butler,author of "Solar Biology," tries to account for every characteristic
by
thecondition of theminds
of the par-ents at the time immediately preceding birth. In thefirstplace,itissafetosaythathe never
had
theslightestopportunity to observe
how
theminds
of the parentswere
directed at the time of birth.And
besides that,what
we
know
of hereditywould
leadus to believe thatthe
molding
forces begin to operate long before thetime of birth,
and
at timessa
very variousand from
causesso diverse thatone
couldby no
stretch of imagi-nation connectthem
with the merelymomentary
posi-tions of planetsatthe instant ofbirth.If
we
adopt the theory of crystallization, it willscarcelybepossible to
go
fartherin definiteknowledge.analo-INTRODUCTION.
gies to give vrai-semblance to the theory as a
good
working
hypothesis.And
while looking for analogies,it
would
be well to consider the very interestingphe-nomena
of the interferenceand
polarization of light.Two
reflected rayscoming
to a single pointfrom
mir-rors a little less than 180 degrees apart produceon
a screen bands of darkness alternating with bands oflight;thatis,atcertain points the
two
raysdestroy each other. Doubtless the lightfrom
planets in oppositionor conjunction
would
exhibitthesame phenomena.
Itiswell
known
thattheprocessof crystallization thatis,the
arrangement
of themoleculesofa substanceincer-tain regular orders is easily interfered with.
For
in-stance, ifwateris violently agitated it
may
be reduced several degreesbelow
the freezing point beforeit con-geals.The
same
istrueif itis leftabsolutelyquiet.The
interference of polarized light is evenmore
interesting than that of ordinary light, forby
its aid beautifuland
varying bands of color are produced.Moreover,
when
lightis reflectedfrom
a polarizedsur-face,polarizationiscomplete only
when
thebeam
comes
from
a fixed angle, theangle of polarization.What
subtlequalitiesthe particlesinahuman
crystalmay
receivefrom
lightcoming
toitfrom
two
sourcesatan angle of sixty degrees or
one hundred and
twenty,human
ingenuitywill never penetratein allprobability;and
yetwe
have quite asmuch
chance of confirmingour
theory aswe
had
for confirming the theory thatlight is a transversal vibration of an invisible ether.
Etherisbutatheory;
and
human
crystallizationmay
be quite asgood
atheoryforpurposesof investigating theINTRODUCTION.
strange effects produced
on
human
characterby
posi-tionsand
combinationsofheavenlybodies.Ifthis theory isadopted it will be observed that it
makes no
place for horary astrology; that it does notaccountforthe
happening
of events, but clearly recog-nizes that thereisanoutside series of influenceswholly disconnected withthestars orno
more
connectedthan everythingin life isconnected with everythingelse,for thereisno
forcebutisdirectly or indirectly convertibleinto
any
other.Thus
thetheoryofevolutionand
hered-ityis not in the least interfered with, while
we
havea wonderful explanation fortheacknowledged
differences of individualsborn under thesame
external influences.We
thus have in astrology an explanation ofhuman
individuality; at leastwe
get a glimpse of the individ-ualizing forces, while our studiesin the pasthave beenchieflyof unifyingforces.
Note. Dr.J. Heber Smith, writingin theArena, calls
at-tention to the factthat ifa metal discis supportedat thecen-ter andis madeto vibrate bya violin bow,itvibratesin
PTOLEMY
AND MODERN
SCIENCE.Astrology
seems
tohavemade
no
progresssince the days of Claudius Ptolemaeus,who
wrote nearlytwo
thousand years ago,and
his "Tetrabiblos" is undoubt-edly the best text-bookon
the subject existing today.Modern
astrologers, notably Kepler, have introducedsome
changes,and
made
large claims,which Ptolemy
did not venture to do.He
said specifically that thescience ofastrology does not enable
any
man
to predict particular events,and
there are certain thingswhich
no
rational
man
would
think offoretelling.His
method
ofprediction
was
precisely that of themodern
doctor,who
says that a diseasewillruna certainlengthof time, that a certain constitutionmust
have care or it will breakdown,
thatfrom
external appearancesone
man
shouldmake
agood
blacksmith, another agood
orator,and
so forth.The
positions of the stars help usto analyzemore
subtle physical conditions,notsubject to external observation.But
thewhole ground
of prediction issimplya
knowledge
of the physical, mentaland
moral condition of ahuman
beingfrom
birth. Ifwe know
that the
germs
of hereditaryconsumption
exist in achild
from
birth,we
can predict that he willdie ofthe disease,and
may
judgethetime withtolerable accuracy.And
ifwe know
themode
ofcrystallization,we
haveasPtolemy seems
to have beenkiterestedin astrologyfirst of all and chiefly as a
means
of predicting.theweather.
What
truth theremay
be in that branch of the subjectI have neverhad
time to investigate;but I judgethatPtolemy
hitit aboutas often as thegovern-ment
meteorologicalbureau
today.His
next source ofinterest
came
from
thefactthatastrologywas
generally usedby
physicians;and
indeed ithasbeen usedby
this professionuntil veryrecently.From
this he proceededto character,
and
theinferences thatmay
bedrawn from
a
knowledge
of character as to future conditions ofhealth, wealth, successinbusiness, marriage,etc.
Ptolemy
explained everythingby
temperatureand
humidity.
He
had
amass
of observation before him.From
this he developed his rational theory, whichwas
to explain everything
by
temperatureand
moisture inanalogy withthe
change
ofthe seasons,and
he admitted nothing that did not square with his theory,and
no
doubt hedrew
inferencesfrom
the theory as towhat
thefacts
ought
to be.But
every branchof science hasmade
suchtremen-dous
progress since Ptolemy's day, that Iassume
thatifhe
were
livingnow
hewould
entirely recasthistheory,correct his
methods
of procedure, discard certainele-ments, adoptothers,
and
so bring the"Tetrabiblos"up
to date.As
(forcertainapparent reasons) heis unable todo
this work, I havepresumed
to attempt thetask.I
know
something
ofmodern
scientific factsand
theo-ries,
and
I take it for granted thatPtolemy was an
authority
on
ancient astrology.So
betweenPtolemy
It
may
be objectedthat the microscope has not yet revealedany
minute crystals in protoplasm, but that primarycellsseem
tobe constructedon
a basis of their own.My
replyisthatno one
has seenmolecules,much
less atoms.
But
thetheory that they exist is the best explanation, of the facts before us.So
I say that the assumption thathuman
beingscrystallize atbirthmuch
asmineralscrystallize,accountsforthe actuallyobserved
facts ofastrology better than
any
other theorywe
are able to evolve.No
doubt
intwo
thousand years thistheorywillbeasantiquatedasPtolemy'softemperature
and
humidity.But
inthemeantime
Itrustit willhave served itspurpose.For
thepurposesofour theoryIassume
that before birth the child islike a saturated solution,and
that itsfirst gasp after birth sets the process of crystallization
to going,
and
thisprocess continues for several weeks".A
multitudeof minute crystals areformed,one
on
topof the other, of course
most
rapidly at themoment
of birthand
during the minutesand
hours immediately succeeding,and
thenlessslowlyduringthe threemonths
following.
These
crystals are perhaps arranged incylindrical groups,
and
in the course of timebecome
flattened out.
The
baby,we
know,
isround
in every limband
feature, while the oldman
finds that eyeballs, bone, muscle, are flattened. This flattening process,may
bring the successive sets of crystals into play, so that the crystalsformed
an hour, a week, oramonth
afterbirthwould
come
into playat correspondingperi-ods later in life. It
seems
probable that all the chief crystals areformed
on
thefirstday,and
these aremodi-fied or remodified
on
the succeeding days.Or
stillmore
likely, the chief crystals areformed
within a fewminutes ofbirth,
and
receivetheir corresponding modi-ficationsastheearthturnson
itsaxis,or(asitappearedto the ancient) as theheavenly bodies rise
and
set.Furthermore, I conceivethat crystallizationis
most
rapid while thesun is shining,
and
also that themoon
helps very materially in the process.So
if a child isbornatmidnightthe crystallizationproceeds very slowly
untildawn,
and
he developshispowers
correspondingly late inlife.The
besttime to beborn
would
therefore be in the morning,and
it is remarkable that a very large proportionof eminentmen
were born
during the forenoon,as for instance,Napoleon, Gladstone,Dumas,
Frederick the Great, Sir Joshua Reynolds,
George
Washington,
S.T.Coleridge totakea variety ofchar-acters at
random, whose
horoscopes Ihappen
to have beforeme.THE
NECESSARY
KNOWLEDGE
OF
ASTRONOMY.
Only
an
elementaryknowledge
ofastronomy
isnecessaryin order to cast a horoscope.
As
everyone
knows, the sun is the center of the solar system,and
aboutit revolve sevenmajor
planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus and
Neptune), besides the earth.There
aresome
unimportant smaller onesalso.
They
allmove
round
the sun at different rates of speed,Mercury
gettingaround
most
quickly,and
Neptune
least.They
allmove
inthesame
direction,and
in a tolerably fixed plane called the ecliptic, the circle
of
which
is divided intotwelve equal spaces called theSigns of the Zodiac.
The
point in the heavenswhere
the sun appears to be
when
it crosses the equatoron
its journey
northward
(inMarch)
is taken as a fixed point to count from,and
is called Aries. It changesslightly
from
yearto year, but onlya verylittle.And
itwillbe observedthatitisboth
on
theequatorand on
theecliptic.The
planepassingthrough
the equator isafixedplaneintheheavens (thatis,verynearly fixed),
and
theplaneoftheecliptic,that isofthe zodiac,which
isanotherfixedplane intheheavens, forms an angleto
itof23 27', orthereabout,
and
they both passthrough the center of the earth,and
cuteach otheron
a straightline,at
one end
ofwhich
isthefirstpoint of Aries,and
attheother
end
thefirstpoint of Libra. Intheskyaswe
see it atany
pointon
the earth, the equator is a.curve parallel to that whichthe sun appears to take in passing
from
sunrise to sunset. In winter the sun issouth of it,
and
thenumber
of degrees northor southiscalled thedeclination.
On
thedaysoftheequinoxes, twice a year, the sun passes directly along the line of.the equator in the sky as itappears to us.
Of
course the dailymovement
ofthemoon
and
planetsislikethat of the sun,and
their distance north or south of the equatoristheir declination.But
themovement
ofthe sunand
planetsfrom day
to day,
week
toweek,month
tomonth,
isalongthelineof the ecliptic,
and
the curve of the ecliptic aswe
seeit in the heavens appears to be very erratic.
On
thetwo
equinoctial days the sun rises at the first point ofAries
and
thefirstpoint of Libra, exactlyon
the equator^and
exactlyinthemiddleofthe easternhorizonand
setsexactlyinthe west,
and
on
such daysatsunrise or sunset the ecliptic forms an archlike the equator, only higher or lower.At
the spring equinoxit will curveover the equator at sunriseand below
at sunset.But
in thesummer
the sun rises fartheraround
to the north,and
also sets fartherto the north, so travelingconsiderably
more
than halfway
round
the horizon; but as thefartherithasto travelthelongerittakes, so thedaysare longer
when
it rises north of the eastern pointand
sets north of the western than they arewhen
it risesand
sets south.The
differences in the lengths of the arcs which the sun describes at various seasons ofthe year are called the ascensional differences,and depend
ASTROLOGY.
Now
every point in the zodiac corresponding to the position of the sun in the zodiac at various timesin the year, will rise
and
setall the yearround
just asthe sun rises
and
setson
the different days.So
some
signs of the zodiac in these north latitudes (and the reverse istrue in the southern) areabove
the horizonno
longer thanthesun isin mid-winter,and
others areabove
the horizon as long as the sun inmid-summer,
and
ifplanetshappen
tobeinCancer,for instance,they tooriseearlyand
setlate.We
arenow
prepared to erecta horoscope.There
are
two ways
inwhich
we may
do
it, firstby
takingthe sun as a center,
and
secondby
taking the earth as a center.The
first is called heliocentric (from theGreek meaning
sun-center),and
the second geocentric(fromthe
Greek meaning
earth-center).Ptolemy
supposed the heavenly bodies all revolvedaround
the earth,and
ofcourse heknew
nothing abouta heliocentric astrology. As, however,
most
of ourlight
and
heatcomes from
the sun, it is clear that the condition of the lightcoming from
the sunmust
be very important.No
doubtthe positions of the planets about the sundo
much
to determine this condition.We
shalldo
well,therefore, toconsider the heliocentric horoscope first. This ismore
easily calculated than the geocentric,and
furnishes us a convenientmethod
of calculating the geocentric afterward.
Most
books
on
astrology require references toan
astrologicalal-manac
forthe geocentricpositions of the planets; butsuch an
almanac
is very expensive,and
the chart pub-lishedin thisbook
furnishes an easyway
of calculatingSQUARE
CIRCLE OF
THE
ECLIPTIC
the positions for ourselves within a degree,
which
issufficientlyaccurate.
The
astronomicalcalculations requiredby
astrologyare
by no means
easy. Itwould
beaboon
totheaver-age reader if
some
learned astronomer, with all his tablesand
books
athand,would
make
themathematicaland
astronomical calculations for us.Such
a personmight
establish a bureau thatwould
furnish thesecal-culations,
made
with perfect accuracy,and
atan
ex-pense of but a few cents,and
thereby save usmuch
time
and
study.But
until such a bureauis establishedwe
must
patientlywork
out the calculations as bestwe
can.To
cast ahoroscopewe
must
know
the year,month,
day,
and hour
of birth,and
the latitudeand
longitudeof the place of birth.
The
latitudeand
longitudemay
befound
by
lookinginamap,
inwhich
thelongitudewillbe found atthetop of the
page and
the latitude at theside.
Take
the longitude westfrom
Greenwich, notfrom Washington.
Ifthehour
isnotknown,
takesome
convenient
hour
in the part of the day inwhich
the birth occurred. If nothing isknown
beyond
theday
of birth, allcalculations based
on
the houses will have tobe omitted.First, let us see
how
to erect a heliocentric horo-scope.We
willdraw
acircleand
place thesuninthecen-ter.
The
circumferencewe
will divide intotwelve equal parts,and
mark
each partwithone
of the signs of the zodiac, asin Fig. I.oppo-site the date of birth in the table (No. i) giving the longitude of the sun for
any
year. This longitude isthe
same
within a degreeon
a givenday
each year.The
position of the earthwill be 180 degreesfrom
that of the sun,and
may
therefore be foundby
adding 180 degreestothe longitude ofthesun ifthatlongitude islessthan 180degrees, or subtracting 180 degreesifthe longitude ofthe sun is
more
than 180 degrees.Write
thisposition of the earthin the chart,usingthe sign of the zodiac
and
thenumber
of degrees in that sign. Thismay
readilybe seenby
looking for the longitude ofthe earthinTable8,and
takingthedegreesof the zo-diacal signintheadjoining column.To
find the positions of the planets, look first for the longitude of the given planeton
the first of Janu-ary nextpreceding or next followingthe date of birth,whichever is nearest (see Table 7).
Then
count theexact
number
of daysfrom
theday of birth to Jan. i.In the table giving the longitude of
Mercury
forone
cycle of its orbit (Table 4), find the longitude given for Jan.i.
Then
countbackward
or forward, accordingas the Jan.i selectedisbefore orafterthedate ofbirth,
as
many
days asyou
have found to intervene between Jan. iand
the date of birth.When
you
have counted totheend without exhausting yourdays,go
backtothe beginningand
keepon
countinguntilyou
have reached the day required.The
longitude in the table oppositethisdaywillbethelongitude of
Mercury
required. In case thehour
ofbirthisnotnearGreenwich
noon,aslightcorrectionshouldbe
made
to the longitudegivenintheUnited States) several hours earlier than your noon.
Just
how many may
be foundby
dividing thelongitude of the place of birthby
15,since thesunrises just fifteendegreesin thesky each hour. Thus,
noon
inlongitude75
willbefivehourslaterthannoon
at Greenwich, for which all calculations are made. Thereforenoon
at.Greenwich
will beatseven o'clock in themorning. Ifyou
were born
at or near seven o'clock,no
correctionwillbe needed.
But
ifthehour
of birth is, say, seven o'clock in the evening, anadditionalhalfday
will have passed,and you
should take a longitude halfway
be-tween
thelongitudeforthedayyou
havefoundand
thenextday.
So
ifthetimeisany
othernumber
of hours, take theproper proportion ofthechange
for 24 hoursand add
orsubtract, as the casemay
be.The
position ofVenus
may
be found in thesame
way, but
an
additional difficulty appears. It takesVenus
224 daysand
nearly 17hourstomake
one
revo-lution
around
the sun.So
ifyou
havetocountpast theend
ofa cyclebackto thebeginning againyou
willhave abouttwo
thirds of a day over.So
to the longitude givenin the tablein a case likethatyou must add
the correctiongiven attheend
(see Table5).The
positions of the other planets will be foundmore
easily.No
corrections for hours need bemade
with
any
ofthem, since theirmotion
is soslowthat thechange
in a fewhours does notamount
tomuch.
As
before, find the longitude in the table of longi-tudes for the nearestfirst ofJanuary (Table7).Count
the
number
ofdaysto the dateofbirth.the daily
motion
ofthe planet for thesame
day.You
will see thatitis either
more
or lessthan thenextfol-lowing year. It usually varies in regular proportion
from
year to year,and
the dailymotion
at the date of birthmay
be foundby
addingto or subtractingfrom
the
motion
on
Jan. i that proportionof thechange
inthe daily
motion which your
number
ofdaysfrom
Jan.j bears to365 days.
The
average dailymotion
forthe periodyou
are calculatingmay
be foundby
addingthe dailymotion
for Jan. iand
that found for the date ofbirth,
and
dividingby
2. Thus, if the dailymotion
ofMars
isfound tobe 38'on
Jan. I, 1887,and
26'on
Jan.I, 1888,
and you
wishto find the daily motionforNov.
I,
you
subtract 26from
38, leaving 12; then as tenmonths
intervene betweenJan. iand Nov.
i,you
taketen twelfths of 12, or 10. Subtract 10
from
38, leaving28,
and you
havethe dailymotion
on Nov.
i.The
aver-age
dailymotionfor theperiodoftimebetween
Jan. i,1888 (the nearestJan. i)
and Nov.
i,willbe26plus 28 dividedby
2 equals 27. Multiply 61 days, thenumber
between Nov.
iand
Jan.i,by
27and you
havethenum-ber of minutes the planet
had
moved
in thistime.As
there are60 minutes ina degree,you
find thenumber
of degreesby
dividing your totalby
60. In this caseyou
havea very small fractionover 28 degrees. Sub-tract28 degreesfrom
thelongitude ofMars on
Jan. i,1888,
and you
have the truelongitudeforNov.
i, 1887.(The
position ofMars
may
be calculatedmore
accu-rately, however,
by means
ofTable6.)ASTROLOGY.
in exactly the
same
way.As
a generalthing, the aver-agedailymotion
may
becomputed
mentally.We
now
have our heliocentrichoroscope complete,and
may
proceedtodraw
deductionsfrom
the various angleswhich
the planetsmake
witheach otherand
with the earth.We
will next proceed to erect thegeocentric horo-scope. Thismay
bedone
approximatelyby means
of thetwo
charts.*The
chartshowing
the orbits of the earth, Mars, Venus,and
Mercury
givefe the correct eccentricitiesoftheseorbits.
By
theprecedingcalculationsyou
have^ determined the exact longitude of each of the planets with regard to the sun. Pass a ruler or straight edgefrom
the center to the requireddegreein theoutercir-cle,
and
mark
the orbit of the given planetwhere
the edgeofthe ruler intersectsit.Then
put a long needlethrough
the center of the Geocentric Circle,and
stick the point of the pin intothe point
you
havemarked
as the position of the earth. See that the cross line of the geocentric circle isexactlyparallel with
any
ofthe cross lines in the chart. Thismay
betestedby
notingwhether
thegauge shows
the
same
distancebetween
thetwo
lines at eitherend
asit does in the middle.
Now
stick anotherpin into the geocentric circle so as to keep it firmly in place,and
pass a rulerfrom
the earth center to the pointwhere
any
givenplanetislocated.Read
thegeocentric longi-*Beforeusing-thesechartsitwouldbe welltomount them
carefully on cardboard.
The
Geocentric Circlemay
alsobe mounted on light cardboard, and the small space near the middleguageshouldbe neatlycut out.tude
on
the circumference ofthe geocentric circle. Ifthegeocentriccirclecovers
up
the position ofany
planet so that it cannot be seen, take it offand
pass a rulerfrom
theearth center to the position of the planet,and
make
anothermark
alongthe edge ofthe rulerat anyconvenientpoint that can be seen
when
thegeocentriccircle is laid
on
the chart. Thisnew
point willdo
as well in determining the geocentric longitude as the position of the planet itself,and
the longitudemay
be foundby
passinga rulerfrom
the earth center to thispoint,
and
reading the degrees at the point the ruler crosses the geocentric circle.The
chart for Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus and Neptune
may
be used in thesame
way, except that the earthcircleis
made
tovaryin size,while the orbit of thedif-ferent planetsremainsthe
same and
isidenticalwiththecircleof degrees. Locate each planetin itsproper de-gree in this outer circle.
Then
find the longitude of the earth,and
pass a rulerfrom
it to the sun center.Make
a lightmark
at each place the ruler crosses the small inner circles.To
find the geocentric position of Jupiter,place the geocentriccircleon
the earth centermarked on
the larger of the innercircles,and
proceedaswiththeotherchart.
To
findSaturn, place thegeocen-tric circle
on
theearthcentermarked
inthenextlargestcircle, etc.
We
now
have the geocentric longitude of all the planets.The
longitude of the sunmay
be found ap-proximatelyby
lookingin the table ofthe sun's longi-tude opposite theday ofthemonth
ofbirth.We
may
find the geocentric position of themoon
inmuch
the3JOU
^7
OOWRYOFWIFEV
%
~ **/Oy
LEGACIES
^^
^X^?
\MADIR
90
same
way
thatwe
foundthe heliocentric positions of the planets.The
nioon revolvesaround
the earth once in27 days, 7 hours
and
43 minutes. In Table 3we
may
find the longitude of themoon
fortwo
different dates in each year. Find the
number
ofdaysbetween
the date of birthand
the nearest givenlongi-tude.
Then
enter the table of thelongitudeofthemoon
foronecycle(Table2),
and
findthelongitude given for the nearest date,and
count forwardif the date ofbirth follows the selected date, orbackward
if the date of birth precedes the selecteddate, tillyou
have countedas
many
days as intervene.You
willremember
that each timeyou
pass theend
of the cycleand go
back to thebeginningand
vice versa,you must add
the cor-rection.Then
find the proportion of thechange
in longitude forone day
that corresponds to thenumber
of hours before or afteractualnoon
atGreenwich
and
add
or subtractthat.As
themoon
changesso rapidly, the calculationshouldbemade
totheexact hour.Before entering our longitudes in a circle or chart,
we
must
determinethehouses.Draw
acircle with the earth at the center. Dividethisintotwelve equalparts of30 degrees each by draw-inglines
from
the center to thecircumference (see Fig.2).
We
arenow
ready to place the longitude of the point of the zodiac ascending at themoment
of birtli,and
it should be writtenon
the line that points to themiddle ofthe left
hand
side.From
thiswe
passdown
and around
totheright,then overto theleftagain,ex-actlyin the opposite direction to the handsof a watch.
The
sunand
planetsby
the daily motion of the earthappearto
move
throughtheheavensin theoppositedi-rection, or the
same
as the hands of a watch. Their yearlymotion
isthesame
as the signs of the zodiac.Under
the head "sidereal time" in Table I,you
will find the sidereal time (or star time) for each
day
in
one
year.Owing
to the variationsin the lengths of the different years causedby
leap year, the sidereal time each yearisslightlydifferent; but giventhe right starting point,it proceeds each year in thesame
ratio,as
may
be seenin the table. In another table (No. 7)you
will find the sidereal time for Jan. I of each year. Findthe nearest siderealtime giveninthe table ofside-realtimeto that for Jan. I, notingtheexact
amount
of the difference,whether
more
or less.Then
count thenumber
of daysbetween
Jan. Iand
the date of birth.Opposite the last
day you
will find the sidereal time required.To
thisadd
(orsubtract) the differencenotedatthebeginning.
You
may
alsomake
a correction for the differencebetween
siderealtimeand
mean
time cor-responding to the hours before or afterGreenwich
noon. After that slight correction has been
made
(alwaysamounting
to less than four minutes)add
toorsubtractfrom
thetotal siderealtimethehoursand
minutesofthemoment
of birthbeforeorafternoon
at the place of,
your
birth. (Be careful not to takeGreenwich
noon
in this case.The
sidereal time givenis for
noon
atthepointofyour
birth.)The
result willbethe true siderealtimefor the
hour
ofyour
birth.The
tables(No.12) ofhousesforthree differentlati-tudes intheUnitedStates aregivenatthe backofthis
latitude. Find the sidereal time of the
hour
ofyour
birth,
and
oppositeyou
will find the longitude of the cusps (orbeginnings)of six of the twelvehouses.The
longitude of the cusps of theother six
may
be foundby
takingthesame
number
ofdegrees in the sign op-positeeachofthefirstsix,and
placingon
thecuspthatcomes
directly opposite.The
signs that are oppositemay
be seenin Fig. I.You
will note, also,thatsome-timessigns are intercepted.
Thus
in Fig. 5 the sign ofSI isintercepted
between
the sign of 25and
the sign of1%. This
means
that the intercepted sign iswhollyin-cludedin thehouse in
which
it occurs, while thehouse also takesin parts oftwo
other signs.The
circle before us represents the circle of the heavens passing directly over our heads through the zenith,and
directly under the earth.The
ascendant represents the point rising in the east at themoment
of birth,and
the cusp opposite the ascendant, or the beginning of the seventh house, represents the point settinginthewestat themoment
ofbirth.We
stillhaveone
more
mattertodetermine,and
thatisthe declination ofthe sun
and
variousplanets.The
sunissupposedtohaveno
latitude. Its declina-tionispractically thesame
eachyear,and
may
befoundin the
column
adjoining the longitude given for eachdayoftheyear(Table4).
The
declination ofthemoon
and
planets differfrom
that of the sun forany
given longitude (geocentric longitude alone,is to be consid-ered)onlyto theamount
of theirlatitude.The
latitude of themoon
and
planets isthenumber
of degreesby
ASTROLOGY.
which
theplane of their orbitdiffersfrom
theplane oftheecliptic.
To
find the declination ofany
planet or themoon,
take the degrees of geocentric longitude
and
look for the nearest corresponding longitude ofthe sun.Note
the declination of thesun given opposite thislongitude,
and
whetheritisplus orminus.Add
(in'the algebraicsense) this declination
and
abouthalf* the latitude for the date ofbirth.By
algebraic sense,we mean
thatyou
must
notice themarks
of plusand
minus. If both are plus or both are minus,you add
thetwo numbers
to-getherand
give thesum
thesame
mark
of plus orminus
that thetwo added
had. Ifone
isplusand one
isminus,the algebraic
sum
is equalto the difference of thetwo
numbers,towhich you must
give the plus orminus
mark
of the larger of thetwo.The
latitudeofthe planetsisgivenfor Jan. i,and
tofind the latitude for the date of birth
you must add
or subtract the proportion of the difference representingthe
change
forone
yearinordertofindthe true latitudeThe
latitude of themoon
and
the planetsMercury
and
Venus
may
befoundmore
accuratelyby
takingthelatitude given in the table with the longitudes for the nearest Jan. i orotherdate,
and
enteringthe table giv-ingthe longitudeand
latitudefor a single cycle. Find the givenlatitudeand
count thenumber
of daysinter-vening betweenJan. i orother given date
and
the date*Itisdifficultto get the declinationveryexactlyinthisway,
becausetheapparent declination as seenfromtheearthis
vari-ously affectedbythelatitude. Iftheexact declinationisdesired, itisadvisable to refer to the NauticalAlmanac ofthe date of
of birth.
The
latitudeopposite thelastday
willbe the correct latitude.You
would
think that the latitude should bethesame
for each succeedingrevolufion of a given planet; butwe
find that it varies slightlyfrom
year to year.
So
the true latitude is not always that oppositethe true longitudeas givenin thetable.The
above
directionswillbefully illustrated inChap-terVIII.
We
now
have all theastronomical datathat will be required.We
therefore proceed to the interpretation ofour horoscope.THE
SUN
AND THE
ZODIAC.Having
perfected thecelestialchartdescribedinthepreceding chapter
we
havedone
withastronomy and
turn to astrology,
which
is the science of interpretingwhat
we
have before us. Firstwe
will consider the sun,and
seewhat
itmay mean
aloneand
ofitselfwhen
situatedin the various signs of the zodiac.
The
sun gives all kinds of light,from
the actinicrays
down, and
especially a largeamount
of heat. Itmay
bepresumed
that the process of crystallization ismost
rapidwhile the sunisabove
the earth. If ithasnot yet risen, crystallization is probably retarded until
itdoesrise.
So
we may
regardthesunas thegreatin-tensifier of whatever star or planet it
may
be situated with.And
first of ajlit intensifies the influence of the special signs of the zodiac.The
influence of these signs isdoubtlessdue
partlyto the fixed stars in each, partly to the situation in
re-gard
to the equator, affecting gravitationand
the mole-culararrangement
dependenton
gravity,and
partly tothe situation in regardto themagneticpoles. Thislast
supposition is the only explanation I can
make
of thefact that certain signs
seem
associated with certain countries not in the order of their latitude.The
fixed starshavemoved
backsome
thirtydegrees since thetime ofPtolemy,and
asfar as theyaffect thenatureof the sign,the sign has probably
changed
sincehis time.
So
I take thenature ofthe signs as awhole
from
amodern
writer instead of Ptolemy.Mr.
Hiram
Butler, author of "Solar Biology," has
made
a special studyof the significance of the signsby
directobserva-tion,
and
ineachcase I have myselfverified hisconclu-sions.
The
signs* are divided into four groups, of three signs each, onehundred and
twenty degrees apart, or thespace of four signs.Beginning
withAriesand
tak-ing everyfourth signwe
haveTHE
FIRE
TRIPLICITY
Aries (r),Leo
(SI),and
Sagittarius (/). Personsborn
when
thesun isineither of these are invariably active, impetuous, gener-ous, energetic,
and
notliableto infectious diseases.Beginning
withTaurus
and
takingeveryfourth signwe
haveTHE EARTH
TRIPLICITY
Taurus
(8),Virgo
(njj),
and
Capricorn (vj). Personsborn
when
thesunisineither of these are reserved,fondofthe
good
things of earth, often musical,and
observers of theconven-tionalitiesoflife,
though
notat alltimid of publicopin-ion.
They
are usually a stiff-necked race.Beginning
withGemini and
taking everyfourth signwe
haveTHE
AIR
TRIPLICITY
Gemini
(n), Libra(=&),and
Aquarius (zz). Personsborn
when
the sun is in either of these arementally quickand
versatile, change-able and unsteady,and
forthemost
partgood
writers,lecturers,