Introduction of the Project

(1)

1

Introduction of the Project

The Project

on Urban Transport Improvement for Kathmandu Valley

in Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

Government of Nepal

Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport (MOPIT) Department of Roads (DOR)

Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD)

Kathmandu Valley Development Authority (KVDA) Japan International Cooperation Agency

July, 2015

(2)

Part 1. Outline of the Project

1.1 Background of the Project 1.2 Objectives of the Project 1.3 Procedure

3

(4)

for Kathmandu Valley

KUTMP

1.1 Background of the Project

[ Previous Activities by JICA for the Project ]

— Road Development Master Plan in 1993

— Data Collection Survey in 2012

— Detailed Planning Survey in 2013

[ Current Urban Issues ]

• Acceleration of population growth and sprawl of urban area

• Rapid urbanization

• Rapid increase of number of vehicles (from 150,000 to 570,000 in last 10years)

• Heavy traffic jam

⇒ Improvement of Ring Road and widening of roads by GON:

But still insufficient transport infrastructures

4 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(5)

KUTMP

1.2 Objectives of the Project

 To establish Comprehensive Urban Transport Master Plan

• Target year:

Short-term; Year 2020 Mid-term; Year 2025 Long-term; Year 2030

• Sector Programme

1) Land Use Plan 2) Road Plan

3) Public Transport Plan 4) Traffic Demand Management (TDM) 5) Logistic Plan 6) Traffic Safety Plan

7) Non-motorized Transport (NMT)Plan 8) Disaster Management Plan

 Implementation of the pilot project [Expected Outcomes]

 Establishment of Comprehensive Urban Transport Master Plan

 Implementation of pilot project

 Capacity Development of relevant agencies to monitor, maintain and alter the Master Plan

5 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(6)

Phase 1

Information Collection Phase 2

Establishment of Structure Plan

Phase 3

Establishment of

Transport MP And Sector Plan

Phase 4

Implementation of Pilot Project

Phase 5

Finalization of Report

• Preparatory work

• Supplemental traffic survey

• Urban development and urban structure

• Future traffic demand forecast

• Strategic Environment Assessment

• Comprehensive urban transport Master Plan with sector program

• Implementation Plan

• Priority Action Plan

• Cost Estimation

• Implementation of Pilot Project

• Preparation of DF/R

• Submission of FR

2014 Jul.

Aug.

Sep.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec 2015 Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

| Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

KUTMP

1.3 Procedure

6 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

Source: JICA Study Team for the Project on Urban Transport Improvement for Kathmandu Valley in Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (hereinafter referred to as JICA Study Team)

(7)

Part 2. Land Use Structure Plan

2.1 Precondition for Discussion

2.2 Alternative Plans of Urban Structure 2.3 Definitive Urban Structure

2.4 Layout of New Urban Area 2.5 Zoning and Characteristics

7

(8)

KUTMP

8 2011 2020 2025 2030 Increase

2011-2030

Increase rate 2030/2011 Lalitpur 424,627 530,000 581,000 627,000 202,373 1.477 Bhaktapur 304,651 370,000 402,000 431,000 126,349 1.415 Kathmandu 1,724,308 2,220,000 2,456,000 2,666,000 941,692 1.546 Total 2,453,586 3,120,000 3,439,000 3,724,000 1,270,414 1.518

According to the population projection by Central Bureau of Statistics, population in Kathmandu Valley will increase to 3.7 million in 2030 from 2.5 million in 2011. Urban expansion will be inevitable.

Population projection in Kathmandu Valley 2.1 Precondition for Discussion

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

Source: JICA Study Team

(9)

Structure Land use Transport

Case 0

Monocentric

-Monocentric structure, Overconcentration -Trend pattern of expanding urban area in suburbs as typical sprawl

-Assigning sub-city centers on the ring road

-Inner ring road -Outer ring road

-Installation of new transport system on both North-South and East-West axis

-Installation of BRT on both the Ring road and inner ring road

Case 1

Monocentric and multipolar

-Monocentric structure

-Improving Trend pattern by building planned new towns with high density on the outer ring road in suburb

-Assigning sub-city centers on the ring road -TOD plan which develops the areas around the stations of new transport system

-Same as Case-0 except the outer ring road without north and northwest section

Case 2

Compact on east- west axis with twin centers

-Twin center structure

-Shift from the trend pattern expanding urban area in all directions to the compact pattern aggregating urban area on the east-west axis

-Assigning sub-city centers on the ring road -Typical TOD plan which develops new towns on the axis of East-West with a installation of new transport system

-Inner ring road

-Outer ring road is not constructed

-Installation of new transport system on both North-South and East-West axis

-Installation of BRT on both the Ring road and inner ring road

Case 3

Integration of Case-1 and Case-2

-Twin center structure

-Integration of Case-1 and Case-2 -Same as Case-1

9 KUTMP

2.2 Alternative Plans of Urban Structure

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

(10)

10 KUTMP

Future Urban Structure Plan (Draft)

- Twin-Center on East-West axis with Multipolar - Compact unban development in suburb

- TOD with Installation of Mass Transit system

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

Long Term Plan Case-0 Long Term Plan Case-1

Long Term Plan Case-2 Long Term Plan Case-3 Integration of Case-1 and Case-2

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(11)

11 KUTMP

Case-0

Case-3 Case-1

Case-2

Future Urban Structure Plan twin-Center on East- West axis with Multipolar

- Compact unban development in suburb - TOD with Installation of Mass Transit system

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(12)

Structure Plan Advantage Disadvantage Case 0

Monocentric

Nothing, but this is the trend of land use pattern.

Heavy traffic congestion in city center, deteriorating environment in suburb, huge investment for transport infrastructure and so on

Case 1

Monocentric and multipolar

This would be a practical solution for urban development without some socio-economic inequality between the districts because development areas are distributed.

Traffic congestion in the city center will be difficult to improve without huge investment for public transport and radial arterial roads.

Case 2

Compact on east- west axis with twin centers

This is an innovative TOD solution for increasing future traffic demand if high capacity transport network is efficiently used along the east-west corridor.

This has a risk in that large scale development in the east area would become difficult because there are rich cultural, natural and agricultural assets. In addition, If development and investment are concentrated in the East and West areas, some socio-economic inequality and disparities between the districts would be occurred.

Case 3

Integration of Case- 1 and Case-2

This is set up by taking advantages and overcoming the disadvantages of both Case- 1 and Case-2. Therefore, this can be said as a relatively better balanced urban structure than the above tree alternatives.

This would be the same as mono-centric urban structure like Case-1 if twin centers are not worked well. Therefore, building a new center on East-west axis is the key issue for success.

As a definitive urban structure, based on the discussion of WGs Case-3 is recommended.

12 KUTMP

2.3 Definitive Urban Structure

Seminar on10 Jul. 2015 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(13)

KUTMP

13 2.4 Layout of New Urban Area

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(14)

Logistic Center (On-

going)

Sub-center of Kathmandu

Valley

Tourist base

Agriculture and Pharmaceutic area

New Logistic Truck

Park

Freight traffic center University

Existing Functions of Central Business District (Government, Commercial, Office, Education, Hospital etc.)

KUTMP

2.5 Zoning and Characteristics

14 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(15)

Part 3. Transport Network Plan

3.1 Road Network Development Target

3.2 Concept for Future Road Network System 3.3 Proposed Future Road Network

3.4 Public Transport Development Strategy

3.5 Conceptual Plan of Public Transport Network

15

(16)

KUTMP

1. Coordination with Urban Land Use Plan

2. Improvement of Network System

3. Supply of Road Capacity

4. Improvement of Bottle-neck

5. Provision of appropriate road facilities including cross section

• Systematic road distribution to new urban area.

• Securement of road space for primary public transport route

• Conversion to radial-circumferential system from radial system

• Development of IRR

• Widening of roads where capacity is required.

• Development of off road parking, bus and truck depot.

• Installation of bridges.

• Improvement of intersections.

• Improvement of river crossing

• Signals

• Pedestrian signals/pedestrian bridges

• Road cross section with appropriate pedestrian way/bike lane and motorcycle lane.

Target Measures

16 3.1 Road Network Development Target

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(17)

KUTMP

Current Road Network System

- Radial Road Network System except Ring Road

Tribhuvan Highway Arniko Highway

Central Business District (CBD)

Densely inhabited area

Issues caused by current network system

- Vehicles concentrate into CBD.

- Vehicles which do not have

destination in CBD are forced to go through CBD.

Ring Road

17 3.2 Concept for Future Road Network System

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(18)

Tribhuvan Highway Arniko Highway

Central Business District (CBD)

Densely inhabited area

KUTMP

Future Road Network System

- Conversion to Radial-Circumferential road network

Ring Road

Inner Ring Road

Outer Ring Road

Development of Inner Ring Road enables vehicles to divert congested CBD area.

Outer Ring Road services sub urban areas

18 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(19)

KUTMP

19 3.3 Proposed Future Road Network

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(20)

KUTMP

– Inside Ring Road

20 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(21)

2 Installation of New Public Transport with high capacity and exclusive space(BRT, AGT etc. ) > to Center from North, South, East and West > Circulation by Ring Road & Inner Ring Road 3 Improvement of Road Network on Bus Route > construction of Inner Ring Road

> Improvement of the density of bus routes ( 1km mesh)

> Improvement of the width of bus routes ( to ensure as a large/medium bus routes)

4 Promotion of TOD both in new urban area and in existing urban area

5 Promotion of NMT both in new urban area and in existing urban area

Inefficient Bus Operation by many old buses and too many small-sized buses

Low density and low capacity road network

Lack of Transport management

Lack of Off-road Bus

terminals and Existing of many Roadside Bus

terminals

(Main Causes of Problems) ( Strategies)

1 Reorganization of Public Transport Operation > Routes (hierarchy of network by mobility) > Terminal (reallocation of transport terminals) > Vehicle, Operator, Fare, Priority and so on

21 KUTMP

3.4 Public Transport Development Strategy

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(22)

Clockwise &

Counterclockwise Circulation

on the Inner Ring Road

Central Business District District Centre

Urban area with high density Urban area with low density

New development area with high density New development area with Medium density

Central Station (Urban Transport Hub) E,W,N,S Station and new town Station, which have transfer function of traffic mode

Station Bus terminal

Strategic Public Transport Route(SPTR)

=Primary Bus Route Secondary Bus Route Tertiary Bus Route

Outer Ring Road

Inner Ring Road Ring Road

Inter Regional Bus

【 Image of Strategic Public Transport Routes(SPTRs)】

Clockwise &

Counterclockwise Circulation on the Ring Road

22 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

KUTMP

3.5 Conceptual Plan of Public Transport Network

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(23)

North Station

South Station

(With Bus Terminal)

Strategic Public Transport Route (Primary route)

Inner Ring Road Ring Road

Secondary Route

Tertiary Route airport

New Bus Park

Lagankehel Bus Park Old Bus Park

Central Station

(With Bus Terminal)

East Station

(With Bus Terminal)

West Station

West Bus Terminal

Four Off-Road Bus Terminals are

Proposed (Central, East, West & South)

23 Development of Terminals

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

KUTMP

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(24)

Image for Public Transport Network inside DID (Tentative)

Line-1 North-South Line AGT System

Dedicated Viaduct Structure

Line-2 East-West Line AGT System

Dedicated Viaduct Structure Line-3 Circle Line

Full scale BRT System Dedicated Lanes on Road

Line-4 Inner Circle Line BRT System

Dedicated Lanes on Road

KUTMP

24 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(25)

Part 4. Emergency Transport Road Network

4.1 Introduction of Emergency Road Network (ERN) 4.2 Classification of ERN

4.3 Proposed Definition of First Emergency Road

4.4 Proposed Definition of Second Emergency Road 4.5 Proposed ETRN

4.6 Case Study 4.7 Way Forward

25

(26)

KUTMP

26

Before Disaster-prevention measures

Landslide

Bridge fall After Disaster-prevention measures

Emergency Transportation Road

Emergency Transportation Road

Disaster prevention center

Urban Area

Bank protection work

Seismic strengthening

Relief Supplies

4.1 Introduction of Emergency Road Network (ERN)

26 In order to perform smooth emergency transport after the earthquake, ERN shall be necessary to connect each disaster prevention center by highway, arterial road, and sub-arterial road network.

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

Source: JICA Study Team based on Ehime Pref. Homepage

(27)

KUTMP

National Emergency Road (Ring Road, Arniko Highway)

 Over 20m road width

 No block point for building demolition

 More than 2lanes for ambulance or heavy equipment traffics after big earthquake

 Large open spaces (Airport, Industrial estate etc.) are connected NER

 Center area of Kathmandu is

connected National Emergency Road

First Emergency Road

 Over 12m road width

 Almost roadside buildings under 6 floors (some buildings over 7 floors)

 Some block points for building demolition

 At least 1 lane for ambulance or heavy equipment traffics after big earthquake

 Big hospitals, open space, fire stations and connected NER and FER network

Figure NER (Arniko Highway) Cross Section Image

Figure FER Cross Section Image

27 4.2 Classification of Emergency Road Network (ERN)

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

Source: JICA Study Team Source: JICA Study Team

(28)

KUTMP

Second Emergency Road

 Arterial road network will be located 1km square interval

 Over 5m road width roads are chosen for Second Emergency Roads

 Many block points by collapsed building

Concept Emergency Road

 Existing no road network but necessity to connect FER or SER

 To use land pooling, this concept ER must be constructed

Figure SER Cross Section Image

28 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(29)

KUTMP

Figure Conditions for determining the suitability of ERN (1)

12m No.1 Five Floor

(2.7m*5)/3=4.5m No.2 Two Floor

(2.7m*2)/3=1.8m and setback 1.0m

No.3 Three Floor (2.7m*3)/3=2.7m No.4 Five Floor (2.7m*5)/3=4.5m No.5 Two Floor (2.7m*2)/3=1.8m No.6 Three Floor (2.7m*3)/3=2.7m No.7 Five Floor

(2.7m*5)/3=4.5m No.8 Three Floor (2.7m*3)/3=2.7m

No.9 Two Floor (2.7m*2)/3=1.8m No.10 Two Floor (2.7m*2)/3=1.8m No.11 Seven Floor

(2.7m*7)/3=6.3m No.12 Two Floor (2.7m*2)/3=1.8m No.13 Three Floor

(2.7m*3)/3=2.7m

12m

Debris Debris

12m

For Escape

For Rescue

8m (Proposed) 1.5m

29 4.3 Proposed Definition of First Emergency Road

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(30)

KUTMP

Figure Conditions for determining the suitability of ERN (2)

Debris

Debris ^Debris Debris

6-8m

For Rescue &

Escape

4.5-m (Proposed) 1.5m

6-8m

1-2m Set back

Set Back

30 4.4 Proposed Definition of Second Emergency Road

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(31)

KUTMP

4.5 Proposed Emergency Transport Road Network

31 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(32)

KUTMP

(1) Road Register (Proposed)

To make a Road Register (tentative name)

4.6 Case Study: Korea-Nepal Hospital Thimi Road (around crossing point)

32 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(33)

KUTMP

(2) Road Register (Proposed)

To make a Road Register (tentative name)

4.6 Case Study: Korea-Nepal Hospital Thimi Road ^{– cont.}

33 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(34)

KUTMP

(3) Red is blocked area, and green is good condition area for emergency road network.

4.6 Case Study: Korea-Nepal Hospital Thimi Road ^{– cont.}

34 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(35)

KUTMP

(4) Small Land Pooling system (proposed) Red boundary is LP development site

4.6 Case Study: Korea-Nepal Hospital Thimi Road ^{– cont.}

35 Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(36)

KUTMP

(1) To decide ERN Plan.

(2) To strengthen road structure and facilities.

(3) To check the condition of all buildings located by Emergency Road and make a database of ERN.

(4) To check how many blockade points will be in each ERN.

(5) To make a plan to keep the space on the ERN.

1) Widening of road

2) Reform of building code and zoning system (Standard of building strength or setback) (6) To make a rule of promotion of reconstruction.

1) Tax exemption (rent tax, Inheritance tax etc.) 2) Subsidy

(7) To make an evacuation route from World Heritage Site.

36 4.7 Way Forward

Seminar on 10 Jul. 2015

This presentation is based on the examination before the earthquake and to be reconsidered.

(37)

Introduction of the Project

1