INTEGRATED BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM IN A HOME
MOHD MAHMOOD*B.TECH FACILITIES AND SERVICES PLANNING *SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE
JNAFA University, TELANGANA, India
ABSTRACT:
Integrated Building Automation systems is a centralized control and management system for all the services provided.As the increase in demand for comfort the technological development led to the evolution of a single point of control which reduces the work load and results in high class comfort of the user.The Market for Home Automation is growing rapidly. In the coming years, Home Automation Solutions for Comfort, Security and advanced communications will be an integral part of most homes and offers.
Keywords: Integration ,Building automation Systems(BAS) Hvac, Lighting, Sensors, Controlle rs.
1.INTRODUCTION:
Building Automation System (BAS) is a communication network infrastructure that manages various building services or a system that controls and monitors building services. It can be regarded as a special case of process automation, with the process being the building indoor environment (and its closer surroundings). The process consists of numerous sub processes, both discrete and continuous.
Building Management Service (BMS) is a recurring expense. While automated systems could supervise regular building services, they could also be designed for failure detection and basic fault diagnosis.
Early detection and well-recorded system data could effectively contribute to enhanced operational performance.
The data collected through connected systems can also be used to improve occupant lifestyle providing
a green, convenient, and safe work and living environment.
In addition, the comfort and safety of building occupants are managed through a complex network of devices. These devices offer demand-based service that manage essential amenities such as air conditioning and lighting control
1) Topology:
The complex building automation network of devices includes a primary and secondary bus that is connected to various nodes in the system:
•Building Management Service • Building Control Systems • Zone controllers
• End nodes
Building Management Service:
Building Management Service (BMS) units host the application and data server.
These back-end control systems are centralized and interlinked network of devices that monitor and control the environment..
Such control units are specifically designed for building automation and could support single or multiple network and communication protocols. The primary and secondary bus could be connected to the devices such as:
• Low-level controllers
• Simple input/output devices or
• End-user applications such as a room thermostat or local alarm monitoring system
The primary and secondary bus could be RS-485, Ethernet, CAN or a wireless network.
The applications in an end node network of a BAS could be a security surveillance unit or a fire alarm system.
It could also be an alarm system relaying arm/disarm information to the BMS units.
An indoor or outdoor zone controller could be used to monitor and control the systems calling for cooled or heated air as needed.
Building Control System
Initial deployment of digital control systems in buildings started the trend of true automated systems. However, since no standards were established for communication, individual manufacturers invested in development of systems with proprietary communication protocols.
Consequently traditional BAS solutions, although automated, were not inter-operable across various manufacturers. Due to various custom solutions, building systems were tightly coupled with a specific manufacturer.
The drive to establish a standard communication system led to the realization of open communication protocols that are now accepted globally.
Control systems:
Control systems are used to monitor distributed devices in the BAS.
This solution manages the priority structure of the network and provides feedback to other controllers. This core functionality of the controller can be combined with additional features providing differentiation and adding value to the system solution.
A BCS with adaptive control offers continuous fine-tuning of network elements.
This also delivers real-time data on the status of the various nodes.
With access to this information, maintenance and diagnostics can be realized for failure prevention and detection.
The deployment environment having a flexible and scalable architecture enables customization of applications. These applications could also be provided pre-programmed, improving install time and decreasing engineering development time.
Building Automation & Smart Home
The Market for Home Automation is growing rapidly. In the coming years, Home Automation Solutions for Comfort, Security and advanced communications will be an integral part of most homes and offers.
This will provide a vast advantage for their occupants.
Energy Savings:
Saving scenarios combining lighting, HVAC and blinds control. Time Scheduling and remote communication allow on line control.
Entertainment:
Communication gateways for interactive services handling centralized A/V Sources form any point of our installation.
Interfaces:
Interfaces between our technology and users, easy to handle and configure.
Security:
Access control, intrusion and technical alarms, Fire, smoke, gas and flooding sensors to prevent domestic accidents.
Communications:
PC.
Uses of BAS in a Home:
HVAC:
Independent temperature control of every zone in home for maximum comfort.
Curtains, blinds and awnings control:
Optimizing the amount of natural light entering your home.
Distributed Audio Control:
Channels selection and audio control.
Generic control:
Control house hold appliances (washing machines, ovens, microwaves, water heaters, etc.)
Alarm Activation:
Flood, Fire, Smoke, Gas and Intrusion detection.
Video Entry phone:
Video door entry system and access control for home.
Scene Creation:
Series of simultaneous events that enhance comfort levels.
Remote access:
Connect to your home from anywhere using a web enabled pc, mobile phone or PDA.
Electrical connections and wiring details:
BAS and BUILDING Energy Management Systems (BEMS) are designed to provide over sight and remote control of HVAC systems, lighting and other building systems. In simple terms, BAS is a programmed, computerized net work of electronic devices that are employed for control and monitoring of building systems. It primarily aims at optimizing the performance, start ups and maintenance of systems and greatly reduces the inter action of mechanical sub systems in the buildings.
BEMS basically performs the same function as a BAS but varies more in capacity. BAS and BEMS greatly increases the inter action of mechanical sub systems in the building. Thisleads to improved occupants comfort, optimum energy
consumption and cost effective building
operation. All these can be done remotely or from a centralized system with a minimum human
involvement factor. Several areas that form the sub systems are addressed in order to achieve ‘total integration’ as in intelligent buildings.
BAS and BEMS are used to improve energy efficiency by monitoring the temperature inside and out side the buildings and controlling the boilers and coolers. Essentially they aim at optimizing energy consumption by employing a control strategy by integrating various energy consuming units.
Energy Management Systems are helping building owners and operators reduce energy costs, while maintain occupancy comforts.
A typical BAS/BEMS carries out thefollowing functions
Optimum start/stop of systems.
Scheduling maintenance.
Predictive fault detection.
Generate alarms and preventive actions minimizing damage in the
case of emergency.
Constantly monitor systems to detect abnormal operating conditions; take corrective decisions and bring the system back to normalcy.
Acknowledgement:
I would like to thanks Mr.Ganesh and Mr Narasimha from Edomotics –Automation Services Providers who have extensively handed out their help.
References: 1.http://www.homedepot.com/c/how_to_automa te_your_home_with_home_automation_syste m_HT_BG_EL 2.https://www.crestron.com/solutions/market/ho me-theater-whole-houses-condos-townhouses -apartments-residential-mdu-automation 3.http://www.cnet.com/news/smart-home-buyin g-guide-home-automation/ 4.http://homesecurity.honeywell.com/home_auto mation.html 5.http://www.leviton.com/OA_HTML/SectionDi splay.jsp?section=42159&minisite=10251 6.http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/spry266/spry266.pdf 7.http://www.monitormyhome.com/climate-cont rol/ 8.http://www.hometoys.com/content.php?url=/e zine/08.04/avd/guide.htm 9.http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/A-gu ide-to-smart-home-automation 10.http://www.homeauto.com/WhatWeCanDo/D esigningHomeAutomationSystem.asp
11.Green and intelligent technologies for sustainable buildings :International Journal On Engineering Technology and Sciences – IJETS™ ISSN(P): 2349-3968, ISSN (O): 2349-3976 Volume I, Issue III, July – 2014
Author:
Mohd Mahmood