SPE MPD Presentation

Managed Pressure Drilling

Society of Petroleum Engineers- Ghana

“To Give an introduction to

Transocean and our operations in Ghana”

Transocean and our operations in Ghana

“I t

d

M

d P

D illi

”

“Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling”

– Explain Conventional drilling E l i M d P D illi – Explain Managed Pressure Drilling – Advantages of MPD

– MPD Equipment and Rig ConsiderationsMPD Equipment and Rig Considerations – MPD risks and control measures

– MPD Rewards

– History / Future of MPD

Close with Questions and Discussion

3

•129

Offshore drilling units

•50

Offices and Training centres

C

50 High-Specification

Floaters

25 Mid Water Floaters

25 Mid-Water Floaters

9 High Spec Jack Ups

9 High-Spec Jack-Ups

44 Standard Jack-ups

2 Ultra Deepwater Drillships

4 High-Spec Jack-Ups

5

g

p

p

G lf f G i

R i

Gulf of Guinea Region

DSP _MAR 702 MTR ADX 135 ENR MTR BAL ADX AD9 Hi7 MGL JRY

Ult

D

t

D ill hi

2

Region Summary

•Ultra Deepwater Drillships – 2

•Semi Submersibles – 4

•Jack-Ups – 6

•Jack-Ups – 6

GSF Monitor

• Jack-up rig

• Bottom Supported

pp

• 25ft-400ft Water

Depth

Depth

• Côte d'Ivoire

7

Transocean Marianas

Sedco Energy

MAR

• MAR

• Semi-Submersible

M

d

• Basic spec

• Moored

• 7000ft of water

• ENR

• ENR

• Semi-Submersible

• Dynamically positioned

• Dynamically positioned

Discoverer Spirit

• Dynamically positioned

• 10,000ft of water

• Self Propelled

• Drill ship

• Liberia

9

Transocean People

• 18,000+ Employees globally

“Transocean will be Universally recognized for

,

p y

g

y

innovation and excellence in unlocking the worlds

offshore resources”

“We will be our

Customers’ trusted

partner and their

p

preferred solution

Provider”

MPD Definition

e

t o

“An adaptive drilling process used to precisely

control the annular pressure profile

throughout the wellbore

”

I t ti l A i ti f International Association of 

Drilling Contractors

Conventional Surface

E

Eq.

Top  Drive Shaker Mud Pit Mud Pump

Conventional Drilling

Drilling fluid pumped down string Returns back up annulus to surface

Drilling fluid provides a barrier against

p

Drilling fluid provides a barrier against

formation pressure

To Prevent influx to the wellbore:

Bottom Hole Pressure must be greater than

Blow Out  Preventor Formation Pressure

BHP = P

hyd

+ P

circ

BHP ≥ P

f 13 Formation  Pressure

Drilling Window

Theoretical Well Profile with straight lines

Less than Pore  Pressure = Influx  to Wellbore

Well

Depth

Fracture

to Wellbore Greater than  Fracture Pressure 

Fracture

Pressure

Pore Pressure

Drilling

= Breakdown of  formation ie Fluid  losses

Pore Pressure

Connections

While drilling:

BHP = P

hyd

+ P

circ Drill pipes Drill pipes racked racked Top Drive, Top Drive, Rotates and Rotates and y

When stopping circulation for Connections:

BHP = P

hyd

+ P

circ Rotates and Rotates and circulates fluid circulates fluid through drill through drill

Connection

string string

Connection

Well Depth Fracture Pressure Pore Pressure Bottom Hole Pressure 15 Top of drill string

Real life well diagram

Narrow Drilling

Narrow Drilling 

Window

W ll

Cannot afford to 

loose the 

pressure from

Well

Depth

pressure from 

Circulation, will 

take an influx

Fracture

Pressure

_{mud density, will}

Cannot increase 

Pore Pressure

mud density, will 

break down 

formation

Real life well diagram

Narrow Drilling

Narrow Drilling 

Window

This Well is

This Well is

Un

Un‐‐Drillable!

Drillable!

Fault

W ll

Cannot afford to 

loose the 

pressure from

Narrow  Fault

Well

Depth

pressure from 

Circulation, will 

take an influx

Drilling Window Shale

Fracture

Pressure

_{mud density, will}

Cannot increase 

Sand

Pore Pressure

mud density, will 

break down 

formation

Sand 17

Pressure

MPD

C

k P

i

l U d ill bl

Can make Previously Un-drillable

wells, Drillable.

Two main reasons:

• Constant Circulation through connections

• Pressurised fluid system, back pressure applied

y

,

p

pp

at surface to act through entire system

Constant and Controlled Bottom Hole

Pressure throughout entire section.

Advantages of MPD

Drilling with MPD

Surface Back  Pressure Fluid Density + Friction 

Drill through Narrow 

Drilling Windows

g

+ back pressure

No loss in Bottom Hole 

Pressure during

Well

Depth

Pressure during 

connections

Depth

Static weight: 

Increased visibility of 

unfavourable well 

conditions

Fluid density

conditions

Greater control of down 

b

h l

19

Pressure

bottom hole pressure

MPD Surface Eq.

Top  Drive Mud Gas separator Constant circulation Shaker 3 Part Telescopic Joint Mud Pit Mud Pump RCD (Rotating Circulating Device) Surface Annular Flow Spool Choke manifold

MPD Equipment

Circulating Subs

Circulating Subs

Next stand Next stand  of Drill pipe

Addition to Drill floor

mud manifold

Side entry subs on top

of each drill pipe

Check  Valves

of each drill pipe

stand

Valves

Drilling fluid routed

through Side inlet

through Side inlet

hose during

connections

Side inlet hose

MPD Equipment

Rotating circulating device; RCD

Rotating circulating device; RCD

Sealing  elements 

seal around  _{rotates with}Bearing  Positioned in Marine riser string

near surface

drillpipe rotates with _drillpipe Sealing elements are tight

against drillpipe

Elements housed in bearing which rotates with drillpipec otates t d p pe System is pressurized below

RCD RCD

Prevents  returns fluid returns fluid 

MPD Equipment

Flow Spool Surface Annular

Flow Spool, Surface Annular

RCD

Flow spool directs returning fluid from annulus through flexible flow lines

Surface Surface  annular

Flow Spoolp Flow lines

• Surface annular in place in case of emergency where annulus pressure may exceed RCD pressure rating.

23 Top of 

Marine  Riser

y g

• Annular can be closed to work on RCD while maintaining pressurised system

MPD Equipment

Choke Manifold

Choke Manifold

Coriolis meter Downstream 

fluid flow All returns fluid passes _{through Choke Manifold}

Hydraulic chokes are where surface back pressure is

applied

Coriolis Mass flow meter Coriolis Mass flow meter All fluid downstream of Flowline

hoses

Choke Manifold is atmospheric pressure

MPD Equipment

Mud Gas Separator cuttings cleaning

Mud Gas Separator, cuttings cleaning

MGS

If gas is detected in returns fluid, it is routed through MGS it is routed through MGS Gas is vented up to highest

point on rig at tip of derrick Fluid continues to Shakers Fluid continues to Shakers

where solids are removed Everything thereafter is the

same as conventional drilling

MPD Equipment

Control and Display system

Control and Display system

Flow In Choke  position Back  Pressure Flow Out

Rig Considerations

_{MPD equipment in moonpool}

Non MPD moonpool

T l i J i t Choke Manifold Telescopic Joint RCD Surface Annular Flow Spool 27 Flow Spool Top of Marine Riser

Rig Considerations

E h i i

i

ith diff

t d i

d

i

t

• Each rig is unique with different designs and equipment

• MPD compatibility is a large scale engineering project

Rig Considerations

Non standard operationp

We introduce new

MPD rig up in moonpool

Operating procedures, Testing regimes, Maintenance plans and Maintenance plans and

Rig up procedures

New to our crews, training and familiarisation is

essential essential.

Training helps ensure a

29 safe and efficient

Risks of MPD &

C

Controls in place

No Static flow check Example Signature tests and trends observed Downhole problems may

be masked by Constant Circulation and Surface Circulation and Surface

Pressure Controls: • Signature testing provides expected provides expected trends • Close monitoring of trends carried out by trends carried out by

Risks of MPD &

C

Drilling with MPD

Surface Back  Pressure

Controls in place

Loss of back pressure

or circulation Fluid Density + Friction 

g

• Well will go underbalance + back pressure underbalance

• Influx may be taken

_Well

Depth

Controls: • Redundancy of circulating equipment

Depth

Static weight:  circulating equipment • Two chokes in choke

manifold

Fluid density

Risks of MPD &

C

Plugging of surface equipment

Controls in place

Controls: • Built in redundancy • Flushing points 6”  Fl li 4” Choke  Manifold _{6” lines back to}  shakers Flowlines shakers

Rewards of MPD

This 

is

is

to 

Scale!!

Early Kick Detection

Scale!!

People

Assets

Environment

MPD History

Rig Name Rig Type Location Customer Year Application Status

Trident 8 Jack Up Cabinda Gulf 2003 PMCD Completed

Sedco 601 Semi Sub Indonesia Santos 2004 PMCD w/ Surface BOP Completed Sedco 601 Semi Sub Indonesia Santos 2005 - 2006 PMCD w/ Risercap™ Completed

Roger W. Mowell Jack Up Malaysia Talisman 2006 - 2007 CBHP Completed

Constellation II Jack Up Egypt BP 2007 CBHP HPHT Completed

Constellation II Jack Up Egypt BP 2007 CBHP, HPHT Completed

High Island VII Jack Up Gabon Total 2007 CBHP, HPHT Completed

Deepwater Frontier DP Drillship India Reliance 2007 CBHP, Concentric Riser Completed Actinia Semi Sub India Reliance 2008 CBHP, Concentric Riser Completed Arctic III Semi Sub Libya ENI 2008 - 2009 ECD, HPHT, Reconfigurable Riser Completed

Harvey H. Ward Jack Up Malaysia Talisman 2009 CBHP Completed

Shelf Explorer Jack Up Malaysia Talisman 2009 CBHP Completed

Trident IX Jack Up Indonesia Pearl 2010 UBD (Low Head Drilling) Completed Trident IX Jack Up Indonesia Pearl 2010 UBD (Low Head Drilling) Completed

Sedco 601 Semi Sub Malaysia Petronas 2010 CBHP Completed

GSF Explorer DP Drillship Indonesia MSEC 2010 - 2011 CBHP, PMCD, Riser Degassing Ongoing

GSF Rig 135 Semi Sub Nigeria Addax 2011 - 2012 CBHP, HPHT Completed

Actinia Semi Sub Malaysia Petronas 2011 - 2012 PMCD w/Risercap™ Completed

Marianas Semi Sub Ghana ENI 2012 CBHP, HP Completed

MPD Future / CAPM

C

t t A

l

P

M

t

• CAPM™ is a Transocean product

D l G di t D illi Hi h d it d h l li ht fl id i i i

Constant Annular Pressure Management

• Dual Gradient Drilling- Higher density down hole, lighter fluid in marine riser • Closed circulating system for enhanced kick detection

Bending the Curve 

35

g

Sunset, April 13th₂₀₁₂ 

Transocean Marianas

“To Give and introduction to Transocean and our operations in Ghana” “Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling”Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling”

Advantages:

•Constant Bottom Hole Pressure Questions?

Response Response

Contact details:

Managed Pressure Drilling Ghana Human Resources Managed Pressure Drilling

in Gulf of Guinea Kenny Thomson (Nigeria)

Ghana Human Resources Enquiries

Sheila Ocansey (Ghana)

y ( g ) [email protected] +234 813 767 4883 y ( ) [email protected] +233 302 743906

Managed Pressure Drillingg g Managed Pressure Drilling and CAPM™

Iain Sneddon (UK)

g g

and CAPM™ John Kozicz (US)

[email protected]

+44 1224 427759

[email protected]

+1 713/232-7388