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Oral Lore From Pre-colonial Times

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ORAL LORE FROM PRE-COLONIAL TIMES

(2)
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BEGINNING OF THE CHRISTIAN ERA

GOLD TEXTILES

IRON GLAS

(4)

HISPANIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINES

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“… Filipinos were wearing bark and woven cloth and gold, bronze, stone and shell hair ornaments, earnings, pectoral disks, bracelets, finger rings and imported beads, and mined and worked gold for jewelry and iron for tools and weapons; they filed, stained, blackened or chipped their teeth and decorated them with gold, and had been chewing betel nuts for 3,000 years; they owned tens of thousands of valuable Chinese porcelain jars and plates but cooked in a type of local pot with a history going back to 1,000 B.C.; they deformed skulls, removed them, preserved them, and buried their dead supine, prone or flexed in caves, graves, jars or coffins, and disinterred them, reburied and venerated their bones.”

(7)
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Through these studies, much can be

reliably inferred about pre-colonial

Philippine Literature from an analysis

of collected oral lore of Filipinos

whose ancestors were able to

preserve their indigenous culture by

living beyond the reach of Spanish

colonial administrators and the culture

of sixteenth-century Europe.

(11)

“NATIVES,” “ETHNIC MINORITIES”, “TRIBAL FILIPINO”

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FOLK SONGS

Pamulinawem

Pamulinawen

usok indengam man Toy umas-asug Agrayod'ta sadyam.

Panunotem man Inka Pagintutulngan

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Paruparong Bukid

Paruparong bukid na lilipad-lipad Sa gitna ng daan papaga-pagaspas

Isang bara ang tapis

Isang dangkal ang manggas Ang sayang de kola

Isang piyesa ang sayad May payneta pa siya — uy! May suklay pa man din — uy!

Nagwas de-ohetes ang palalabasin Haharap sa altar at mananalamin

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Leron, Leron Sinta

Leron, Leron, sinta

Buko ng papaya Dala dala'y buslo

Sisidlan ng sinta Pagdating sa dulo'y

Nabali ang sanga, Kapos kapalaran

Humanap ng iba.

Halika na Neneng, tayo'y manampalok Dalhin mo ang buslo, sisidlan ng hinog

Pagdating sa dulo'y uunda-undayog Kumapit ka Neneng, baka ka mahulog.

Halika na Neneng at tayo'y magsimba At iyong isuot ang baro mo't saya

Ang baro mo't sayang pagkaganda-ganda Kay ganda ng kulay -- berde, puti, pula.

Ako'y ibigin mo, lalaking matapang

Ang baril ko'y pito, ang sundang ko'y siyam Ang lalakarin ko'y parte ng dinulang Isang pinggang pansit ang aking kalaban.

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 As literary woks created in the setting of

society where the resources for economic subsistence—land, water and forest—

were communally owned, the oral

literature of the pre-colonial Filipinos bore the marks of the community.

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 At this phase of literary development, any

member of the community was a potential poet, singer, or story-teller as long as he knew the language and had been attentive to the conventions of the forms.

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CONVENTIONS OF THE VARIOUS ORAL LITERARY FORMS • Formulaic repetitions • Stereotyping of characters • Regular rhythmic • Musical devices

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OWNERSHIP OF LITERARY COMPOSITION

 Not emphasized in the process of oral

transmission

 Conceivable

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NATIVE SYLLABARY

 3 vowel (a, e-i, u-o) and 14 consonants (b,

d,g, h, k, l, m, n, ng, p, s, t, w, and y)

 No way of indicating the consonantal

ending words

Disuse of Syllabary

•Information about pre-colonial culture was LOST. •Fewer Filipinos kept the record of their oral lore •Fewer and fewer can decipher

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2 WAYS BY WHICH THE UNIQUENESS OF INDIGENOUS CULTURE SURVIVED THE

COLONIZATION

1. By resistance to colonial rule

 Maranaws, Maguindanaws and the

Taosug of Mindanao, Igorots, Ifugaos, Bontocs and Kalingas of the Mountain Province

2. By virtue of isolation from centers of

colonial power

 Tagbanwas, Tagabilis, Mangyans,

Bagobos, Manuvus, Bilaan, Bukidnons and Isnegs

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RIDDLES AND PROVERBS

•simplest forms of oral literature •Started early in the 17th century

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Ambahan

-is the traditional poetry of the Hanunuo

Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro.

-The syllabic script and the ambahan poetry have complemented each other, contributing to their continued existence today.

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AMBAHAN

-

It is usually written

on bamboo in the

Surat Mangyan, a

centuries-old

pre-Spanish script.

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TANAGA

The Tanaga is a type of Filipino poem,

consisting of four lines with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each line.

"Katitibay ka Tulos

Sakaling datnang agos! Ako'y mumunting lumot sa iyo'y pupulupot."

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PROSE NARRATIVES IN PREHISTORIC PHILIPPINES

 Myths

 Hero tales  Fables

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DRAMA

 Philippine theater

-Mimetic dances imitating natural cycles and activities

• Ch’along

-is part of a wedding rite, involving the

propiatiation of evil spirits who might bring harm upon the couple.

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RIDDLES

 Lucy had it first Ethel had it last Mary Lungel

had it twice until she married Peter Stupid and never had it again. What is it?

Answer: L

The queen tilt her head but the crown did not

fall

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RIDDLES

 Five coconut trees, one stands out.

 Answer: Fingers

 A deep well that is full of chisels.

 Answer: Mouth

 What can travel around the world while staying in a

corner?

 Answer: Stamp

 What kind of tree can you carry in your hand?

 Answer: Palm

 How many of each species did Moses take on the ark

with him?

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PROVERBS

"The pen is mightier than the sword.“

Trying to convince people with ideas and

words is more effective than trying to force people to do what you want

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"Necessity is the mother of invention."

When you're really in need, you think of creative solutions to your problems.

"The darkest hour is just before the

dawn."

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E. ARSENIO MANUEL

 he surveyed “ethnoepics” (folk epics)

 1962: he was able to describe a total of 19

epics found in the Philippines:

 13: PAGAN Filipinos

 2: CHRISTIAN Filipinos  4: MUSLIM Filipinos

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COMMON FEATURES OF FOLK EPICS:

(ACCD. TO MANUEL)

 Narratives of sustained length  Based on oral tradition

 Revolving around supernatural events or

heroic deeds

 In the form of verse (chanted or sung)  With a certain seriousness of purpose

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LAM-ANG

 1889: first recorded  Christian Ilokos

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TUWAANG

 1956: discovered

 Pagan epic among Manuvus of Central

Mindanao

 “The Maiden of the Buhong Sky”

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 Tuwaang

 The Maiden

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HINILAWOD

 Recorded only recently

 Pagan epic: Sulod of Panay

 Longest epic so far recorded in the

Philippines

 Noted for it’s richly inventive narration and

magnifence of it’s fantasy.

(42)

HINILAWOD

1ST PART: 2ND PART:  Labaw Denggan  Aso Mangga  Buyung Buranogan  Buyung Humadapnon  Buyung Dumalapdap  Humadapnon  Nagmalitung Yawa

(43)

BANTUGAN

 Maranaw epic

 Central character (the prince) is the most

popular hero of the Muslim epic song

 A prince who excels not only as a valiant

warrior but also a fabulous lover

 More than 15 songs are said to detail his

(44)

References

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