Land Instruments International Dronfield S18 1DJ England Telephone: (01246) 417691 Facsimile: (01246) 410585 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.landinst.com
© Land Instruments International, 2003 Publication Nº: LSPS198.240
Issue: A 05/03 Land Instruments International 10 Friends Lane Newtown PA 18940-1804 U.S.A. Telephone: (215) 504 8000 Facsimile: (215) 504 0879 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.landinst.com
User Guide
Quality Assurance 198.240
All packaging material used for this product is 100% recyclable.
This product complies with current European directives relating to electromagnetic compatibility and safety (EMC directive 89/336/EEC; Low voltage directive 73/23/EEC).
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The Quality Management System of Land Instruments International Ltd. is approved to BS EN ISO9001:2000 for the design and manufacture, stockholding, in-house repair and site servicing of non contact temperature measuring instrumentation. Associated software designed and developed in accordance with TickIT.
Calibration certificates are available from our UKAS accredited Calibration Laboratory No. 0034. The Land calibration laboratory complies with the requirements of the international standard BS EN/IEC 17025.
Safety Information 198.240
SAFETY INFORMATION
SYMBOL PUBLICATION DESCRIPTION
3
IEC 417, No.5031 CurrentDirect
IEC 417, No.5032 Alternating
Current
IEC 417, No.5033 Both direct and alternating
current
IEC 617-2, No.02-02-06 Three-phase alternating
Current
IEC 417, No.5017 Earth
(ground) term inal
IEC 417, No.5019 Protective conductor terminal
IEC 417, No.5020 Fram e or chassis term inal
IEC 417, No.5021 Equipotentiality
IEC 417, No.5007 On (supply)
IEC 417, No.5008 Off (supply)
IEC 417, No.5172 Equipm ent protected
throughout by double insulation or reinforced insulation (equivalent to Class
Safety Information 198.240
SYMBOL PUBLICATION DESCRIPTION
ISO 3864, No. B.3.6
Caution ISO 3864, No. B.3.1
WARNING Risk of electric shock
BS EN 100015 Observe precautions for
handling electrostatic discharge sensitive devices
Refer to the operating instructions BS EN 60825-1
WARNING Laser Radiation
Note
Contents 198.240
CONTENTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE
SAFETY INFORMATION
CONTENTS (This Page)
PREFACE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Nomenclature 1.2 Specifications 2.0 INSTALLATION 3 2.1 Introduction
2.2 Positioning The Scanner 2.3 Alignment And Scan Direction 2.4 Installation Precautions
3.0 SERVICES 5
3.1 Electrical Connections
3.2 Water Requirements (Water Cooled Units Only) 3.3 Air Requirements (Air Purged / Cooled Units Only)
4.0 LASER ALIGNMENT 7
4.1 Using The Laser Alignment Tool
5.0 EMISSIVITY 9
5.1 Typical Emissivity Values 5.2 Setting The Emissivity Value
6.0 SCAN FREQUENCY SETTING 10
6.1 Changing The Scan frequency Setting 6.2 Scan Frequency Table
6.3 Scan Line Separation 6.4 Data Storage Requirements 6.5 Skew Angle
Contents 198.240
CONTENTS (Continued)
7.0 INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR 13
7.1 Introduction
8.0 MAINTENANCE 14
8.1 Air Purge Services
8.2 Water And Air Cooling Services
9.0 INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES 15
9.1 Basic Mounting Plate
9.2 Right Angle Mounting Bracket
9.3 Water Cooled, Air Purge Baseplate Kit 9.4 Water Cooled End Plate Kit
Preface 198.240
PREFACE
Fig. A - LSP Linescanning Thermometer
These instructions cover installation, operation and maintenance of the LSP Linescanning Thermometer and should be used in conjunction with the information detailed within the LSP Linescanning Thermometer Installation Guide, LSP Processor Installation Guide and User Guide and the LSP System Mountings and Accessories Installation Guide.
Page 1 198.240
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The LANDSCAN LSP SYSTEM provides accurate linescan temperature measurement at high scan rates. This is achieved through the combined use of high speed infrared detectors and precision electronics. The system is compact, yet rugged, providing reliable operation in the most severe of industrial environments.
The LANDSCAN LSP SYSTEM comprises: LSP Linescanning Thermometer LSP Processor
LSP Interconnection Cable
LANDSCAN NT Software (Optional)
LANDSCAN for Windows Configuration Software - Standard (supplied with LSP Processor) or Professional (optional)
Fig. 1 - Typical LSP System Overview
! R S23 2 TE RMIN AL IP A DD R ES SXXX.XXX.XXX.XX 1 23 4 5 LSP SYSTEM LSP Linescanning Thermometer 240002 LSP Processor Ethernet Ethernet PROCESS CONTROL PROCESS MONITORING Landscan NT Optional Software RS232 Serial Comms Interconnection Cable Configuration S o f t w a r e Portable PC Temporary Link RS232 Switch
Page 2 198.240
1.1 Nomenclature
The LSP Linescanning Thermometer detail label can be found on the black scanner body section. The label displays the scanner serial number, the model number and the 'CE' conformity mark. The model number indicates specific information about the unit, including 'Wavelength' and 'Temperature Range'.
Example:
System Name: LSP LSP System
Series: 6 Operating Wavelength
Temperature Range: 1 See Specifications
LSP
6
1
System Name
Series Number
Page 3 198.240 1.2 Specifications - LSP Series Specification LSP5FL LSP50 LSP52 LSP61 Operating Wavelength: 5µm 3 to 5µm Temperature Range: 150 to 750°C/ 150 to 750°C/ 500 to 1100°C/ 50 to 400°C/ 302 to 1382°F 302 to 1382°F 932 to 2012°F 122 to 752°F System Accuracy: +/-2°C +/-3°C +/-2°C Repeatability: 1°C Temperature Resolution: Below 15% of range <1.5°C <2.5°C <2.0°C Above 15% of range <1.0°C <2.5°C <1.0°C Scan Angle: 80° Scan Rate: Factory set 20Hz 50Hz
User adjustable 10 to 100Hz in 10Hz steps
Target Width: Target distance <1200mm/47.2in 12mm / 0.5in Target distance 1200 to 3000mm/ 47.2 to 118.1in FoV 100:1 Speed Of Response: Tau on rising edge
(linear output) <7µs
Ambient Temperature Range:
In specification 5 to 60°C / 41 to 140°F
Operating 5 to 70°C / 41 to 158°F
Ambient Stability:
∆T(Indicated)/∆T(Ambient) <1.0°/10° <2.0°/10° <1.0°/10° Alignment: No alignment CLASS 2 Laser: Integrated laser indicating scan
aid plane and extents. Laser scan rate: 1Hz nominal Internal Temperature Sensor: -10 to 90°C / 14 to 194°F
Emissivity Range: 0.20 to 1.00
Sealing: IP65
EMC: EN 61320:1999 Class A (emissions & immunity), IEC 1010 (safety) Vibration: 2g 10 to 30Hz, 3g 30 to 300Hz; any axis
Page 4 198.240
2.0 INSTALLATION
Caution
Ensure that the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is mounted securely, in a location where the effects of vibration, dust and fumes are kept to a minimum. Ensure that the scanning sight path is not obscured. Choose a mounting location which minimises external heating of the scanner. If the ambient temperature of the unit exceeds the specified maximum, a cooling system, available from Land Instruments, must be fitted. The full range of Land cooling and purge accessories can be found in the Installation Accessories section of this User Guide.
If the instrument is to be used in environments where gases resulting from combustion are present, it is highly recommended that Land Instruments be contacted and the application fully assessed before any installation takes place.
2.1 Introduction
The equipment specified in this User Guide must be operated, maintained and serviced by suitably trained personnel, capable of carefully following the procedures, warnings and guidelines given. It is adviseable that all User Guides and Installation Guides associated with LSP System equipment should be read thoroughly and be kept readily available.
2.2 Positioning The Scanner
The scanner should be mounted taking careful note of the cautions described in section 2.1 and positioned so that the target plane is parallel to the scanner window. The length of the scan line is proportional to the distance between the scanner and the target plane. The target distance should be chosen to give a scan line that just exceeds the width of the product, as this gives maximum spatial resolution.
The Scan Width may be found using the the following table or calculated by the formula: SW = (D + 35mm) x 1.68 or
SW = (D + 1.38in) x 1.68 (where D = Target Distance)
The spot width (spatial resolution) at any distance is given by: spw = 12mm / 0.5in @ <1200mm / 47.2in
spw = D/100 @ >1200mm / 47.2in
D (Target Distance) mm/in SW (Scan Width) mm/in
200/7.9 395/15.6 400/15.8 730/28.9 800/31.5 1405/55.2 1200/47.2 2075/81.6 2000/78.7 3420/134.5 3000/118.1 5100/200.7
Page 5 198.240
2.3 Alignment And Scan Direction
The Land LSP Linescanning Thermometer incorporates an integral laser unit (model dependent) to aid alignment during installation. Details on the use of this feature are described in section 4.0. Where this laser alignment feature is not available, precise alignment may be accomplished through the use of a mobile 'hot source', to identify the plane and extents of the scan line. Alternatively, the intended target product may be used if this is available during the installation process.
To interpret the scan profile produced by the scanner, it is necessary to determine the scan direction of the unit. This is indicated by an embossed arrowhead cast into the top of the scanner casing. Once positioned, the design of the scanner mountings ensure that the unit is replaced in the correct orientation, should the scanner be removed from the application for servicing etc.
2.4 Installation Precautions Vibration:
It is highly recommended that the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is positioned in a location where vibration is kept to a minimum.
Infrared Reflections:
All practical targets have some reflectivity within the infrared waveband. This reflectivity increases as the target emissivity (see section 5.0) reduces. Therefore the scanner sees some radiant heat energy from reflections of surrounding objects as well as from the target source. This energy is not usually sufficient to have an effect on the measurement, but care should be taken to ensure that objects of similar or higher temperature to the target are not placed where reflected energy may enter the scanner.
Scan Direction Arrowhead Scan Direction Product Pass Direction Product LSP Scanner
Fig. 2 - Scan Direction
Page 6 198.240
3.0 SERVICES
3.1 Electrical Connections
The LSP Linescanning Thermometer requires just one electrical interface for normal operation. This interface is made to the LSP Processor, via the interface cable (Land part no. 031.402) supplied with the system. The cable is supplied pre-terminated at the scanner connection end, but the processor end is unterminated to allow the cable to be cut to suit the application. The plug at the scanner end of the interface cable requires care when making the connection to the scanner socket. Simply orientate the plug to suit the socket and press into place. Do not force the plug into place. To remove the plug, grip the knurled sleeve section of the plug and pull upwards. Termination details for the processor end of the interface cable can be found in the Land LSP Processor Installation Guide.
Caution
The interface cable may be cut to length, but under no circumstances should an attempt be made to extend the cable length beyond the 15m / 49.2ft maximum, by joining to a second length of cable. Failure to comply with this instruction could result in incorrect operation of the instrument.
3.2 Water Requirements (Water-Cooled Units Only)
When the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is to be used in an environment where ambient temperatures are above the maximum specified, the Land water cooled, air purge mounting accessory must be used. This requires a constant water supply to be available. The special mounting plate has internal water channels with inflow and outflow connections (G1/8 tappings) in the plate edge. There is no preferred flow orientation, however, if the scanner is mounted in a position where one of the water connectors is higher that the other, the lower connector must be used for the mains water in-flow.
The water-cooled mounting plate is supplied fitted with hose connectors suitable for 9.5mm / 3/8in bore water hose. The water flow rate required will depend upon each individual application, but 1l/min / 0.26USgal/min is an absolute minimum at 30°C / 86°F maximum water temperature.
Caution
Overcooling of the unit to below the local dewpoint, indicated by the formation of condensation, must always be avoided. The temperature of the cooling water should ideally be in the range of 15 to 30°C / 59 to 86°F.
A clean, constant water supply is recommended, as this reduces the likelyhood of blockages within the mounting plate.
Page 7 198.240
3.3 Air Requirements (Air-Purged / Cooled Units Only)
When the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is to be used in an environment where high concentrations of dust are likely to be encountered, it is highly recommended that the Land air-purge mounting accessory should be utilised. The mounting plate incorporates a cross flow purge for the scanner window. Although this will keep the window free from dust particles, it will not however, clear the instrument sight path.
The air supply should be connected using the G3/8 threaded hole at the end of the mounting plate. If possible, ensure that the air purge exit direction is downwards and ensure that this exit is not impeded by mounting structures.
The air purge flow rate depends upon local conditions of the installation and scanner orientation, but a rate of 300 l/min / 12.36 ft³/min at an inlet pressure of 1m WG is typically sufficient.
An end plate air cooling accessory is available which is recommended for use in environments where the ambient temperature is in the range of 60 to 80°C and the application prevents the use of water cooling.
Caution
Ensure that the quality of the air supply is high and that it is dry and free from oil, otherwise permanent damage may occur.
Air supply Air purge direction Restriction of purge air by obstruction in this area
Fig. 3 - Air Purge
Page 8 198.240
4.0 LASER ALIGNMENT
Warning
CLASS 2 Laser Product.
DO NOT stare into laser beam. (1.0mW maximum output at 635nm)
DO NOT look directly towards the scanner window, or into the laser beam during operation.
If the laser is projected onto a highly reflective surface, DO NOT look at the laser stripe from a position where a direct ('mirror-like') reflection may enter the eye.
Warning
CLASS 2 Laser Product.
DO NOT attempt to disassemble the laser unit or any of it's mounting components. Embedded laser has a maximum output of 3mW with a beam divergence of <5mrad.
Caution
Caution - use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
Fig. 4 - Laser Warnings
240005
LASER RAD IATION D O N OT S TARE IN TO BEAM
CLA SS 2 LASER P ROD UC T 1 mW MAX OU TPUT AT 63 5n m IEC 608 25 -1:20 01 Laser Specification Label Laser Warning Label Laser Beam Projection Window
Side View Top View
Page 9 198.240
4.1 Using The Laser Alignment Tool (Model Dependent)
Ensure that all CLASS 2 Laser Safety Warnings are adhered to at all times when the laser alignment tool is in use.
Depress the Laser Alignment button which is positioned adjacent to the scanner interface connector on top of the scanner body. The scan speed of the instrument reduces to approximately 1Hz and the Laser Alignment button flashes to indicate that the laser is active. A red stripe of laser light is projected through the window of the scanner, indicating the position and extents of the scan line. Adjust the scanner position as required to ensure that the product almost fills the scan width.
Note
When the Laser Alignment facility is active, the scanner unit does not indicate target temperature.
To disable the Laser, press the flashing Laser Alignment button. Once pressed, the scanner stabilises for approximately 60 seconds, then the unit begins normal operation and temperature information is available. Alternatively, the Laser Alignment facility may be operated remotely from the LSP Processor. (See LSP Processor User Guide for details of remote operation.)
Page 10 198.240
5.0 EMISSIVITY
5.1 Typical Emissivity Values
REFRACTORIES MISCELLANEOUS
Alumina 0.40 Asbestos 0.90
Red Brick 0.93 Asphalt 0.90
Carbon >0.90
ALLOYS Graphite 0.85
Brass oxidised 0.61 Soot 0.95
Inconel 0.28 Cement & Concrete 0.90
Inconel oxidised 0.85 Cloth 0.85
Monel oxidised 0.45 Glass >0.90 @ >3mm
Nichrome oxidised 0.90 Paper 0.90
Polypropylene/
METALS Polyethylene 0.90 @ 2mm thickness
Aluminium oxidised 0.30 0.96 @ >5mm
Copper oxidised 0.85 Iron & Steel oxidised 0.85 Lead oxidised 0.63 Molybdenum oxidised 0.80
Titanium 0.30
5.2 Setting The Emissivity Value
The emissivity value is set remotely, via the LSP Processor Configuration Software, or alternatively, from the Landscan NT software if utilised. For further information, see the relevant User Guide.
Page 11 198.240
6.0 SCAN FREQUENCY SETTING
The scanner is supplied with the scan frequency factory set to 50Hz. However, the user may set the scan frequency to suit the application in the range 10 to 100Hz, in 10Hz increments.
6.1 Changing The Scan Frequency Setting
Caution
Remove scanner plug before attempting to remove the scanner end plate. This ensures that the unit is electrically isolated.
Observe precautions for handling electrostatic discharge sensitive devices
Static sensitive parts incorporated.
The following tools are required:- 5mm hexagon key, 3mm flat-blade screwdriver (plastic). Ensure that the scanner unit is electrically isolated by removing the scanner interface plug.
Locate the end plate that, when viewed from the top of the scanner, is the nearest to the scan direction arrow embossed into the scanner body. (See Fig. 5)
Remove the four M6 cap-head screws and spring washers from the end plate and open the scanner to expose the internal circuitry.
Locate the scan frequency switch (see Fig. 5) and set the dial to the required mark (see scan frequency table) using a plastic bladed screwdriver. Take care in ensuring that all other components are undisturbed.
Check that the end plate seal is intact and is correctly seated into the seal recess.
Position the end plate, refit and evenly tighten the four M6 cap-head screws and spring washers.
M6 cap-head screws
Scan direction arrow End plate
End plate seal
Scan frequency switch
Fig. 5 - Scan Frequency Setting
Page 12 198.240
6.2 Scan Frequency Table
6.3 Scan Line Separation
Switch Position Nominal Scan Frequency (Hz)
1 10 2 (factory default LSP5FL) 20 3 30 4 40 5 (factory default LSP50,52,61) 50 6 60 7 70 8 80 9 90 0 100
Scan Line Separation Product Speed m/s / ft/s
Scan Line
Scan Line Separation = Product Speed m / ft Scan Frequency
When the required scan frequency has been determined, the actual scan rate should be set to the closest available frequency that matches or exceeds that calculated. Simply selecting the scanner's maximum scan rate, regardless of process requirements, is not good practice for the following reasons:
Parameter High Speed Low Speed
Scan line separation Closely spaced Widely spaced
Lateral resolution Lower resolution Higher resolution Disc space for file storage Greater space required Less space required
Page 13 198.240
θ
6.5 Skew Angle
When a linescanning thermometer is in operation and is scanning across a product travelling along a line, a low set scan frequency may cause the scan line to be excessively tilted. When the product speed is high and the scan frequency is low, the scan line becomes 'skewed', giving an inaccurate indication of product width.
Product
Skew Angle
Scan Line
Example 1 - A greater skew angle is created when high product speeds are combined with low scan frequencies. Note: During product width calculations, the apparent width is displayed greater than the actual width.
Example 2 - When high product speeds are combined with medium scan frequencies, the skew angle is reduced when compared to Example 1.
Example 3 - When high product speeds are combined with high scan frequencies, the skew angle is negligible when compared to example 1.
The scan skew angle is given by:
(
)
=
=
− −speed
scan
speed
product
TAN
frequency
scan
2
speed
product
TAN
1 1D
π
θ
eg. At a scan frequency of 50Hz, a target distance (D) of 2m and product speed of 10m/s ... θ= 0.91° Apparent (measured) product width = actual product width (ignoring edge correction errors)
Cos θ 6.4 Data Storage Requirements
Data is generated at a rate of approximately 2.5kB per scan line, with a minimum requirement of 440kB for file headers. Therefore, at a scan frequency of 50Hz, a 1 minute product file will be 7.94MB.
Landscan NT software allows users to select a reduced number of lines for storage (see Landscan NT User Guide).
Page 14 198.240
7.0 INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The Internal Temperature Sensor is designed to monitor and forewarn the operator of possible instrument damage due to overheating. This may be caused by high ambient temperatures or interrupted and reduced flow of coolant.
An 'early warning' level is set to 50°C. This is intended to advise of possible over-temperature within the instrument.
The maximum operating limit for the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is 60°C / 140°F.
If the indicated internal temperature exceeds the stated limit, action must be taken immediately to provide additional cooling to the instrument. If additional cooling cannot be provided, the instrument must be removed from the source of the excessive ambient temperature, greatly reducing the likelihood of any permanent damage. The Internal Temperature Sensor can be accessed via the LSP Processor Configuration Software or the Landscan NT Software.
Page 15 198.240
8.0 MAINTENANCE
The LSP Linescanning Thermometer has been specifically designed to minimise the need for regular maintenance. The maintenance checks that are recommended, comprise periodic checks on unit services and ensuring that the scanner viewing window is kept clean and free from contamination.
8.1 Air Purge Services
The air purge system is designed to reduce the amount of dust or dirt reaching the viewing window of the scanner. It's effectiveness is dependent upon the air flow rate and the nature of any airborne dirt. It is recommended that the cleanliness of the window be checked on a regular basis as part of a local maintenance schedule. If the contamination rate is too high, then it may be necessary to increase the purge flow rate. It is of the utmost importance that the air supply to the purge system is of high quality and is supplied clean and dry, or window contamination may result and the diffuser within the purge unit may become blocked. When the viewing window becomes dirty, it should be cleaned with a soft clean cloth, moistened with a mild detergent when stubborn deposits are found.
Should the scanner viewing window become damaged, the unit must be returned to Land Instruments for a window replacement.
8.2 Water And Air Cooling Services
The main causes of problems associated with the water and air cooling systems are inadvertant supply shut-off and over-cooling. Therefore the flow rate should be checked on a regular basis as part of a local maintenance schedule, with the use of a flow rate monitor and alarm system recommended. Over-cooling of the unit causes condensation to form and this can be prevented by ensuring that the water or air supply temperature is not lower than the local dewpoint temperature.
8.3 Plate Mounted Blower Unit
Page 16 198.240
9.0 INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES
9.3 Water Cooled Air Purge Baseplate Kit (Land Part No. 031.496)
This accessory is recommended when the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is installed into environments where ambient temperatures are in the range of 60 to 100°C / 140 to 212°F.
The air purge facility should be utilised when the operating environment is dusty and airborne particles are likely to contaminate the scanner viewing window.
9.4 Water Cooled End Plate Kit (Land Part No. 092.689)
The water cooled end plates compliment the water cooled, air purge baseplate accessory when the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is installed in environments where ambient temperatures are in the range of 100 to 120°C / 212 to 248°F.
9.5 Air Cooled End Plate Kit (Land Part No. 092.688)
The air cooled end plates are recommended when the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is installed into environments where ambient temperatures are in the range of 60 to 80°C / 140 to 176°F and where water cooling is unacceptable.
9.1 Basic Mounting Plate (Land Part No. 031.520)
This accessory is recommended for use when mounting of the LSP Linescanning Thermometer is required in an environment where ambient temperatures are below 60°C / 140°F and air purging is not required.
9.2 Right Angle Mounting Bracket (Land Part No. 031.438)
This mounting bracket is supplied with fixtures and is pre-drilled to allow mounting to either the Basic Baseplate or the Water Cooled Air Purge Baseplate.
9.6 Plate Mounted Blower Unit (Land Part No. 099.471)