―Analysis Of The Strength And Durability Of The Concrete With Partially Replaced By The Ceramic Slurry Waste Powder‖

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459,ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2014)

725

―Analysis Of The Strength And Durability Of The Concrete

With Partially Replaced By The Ceramic Slurry Waste Powder‖

Lalji Prajapati

1

, I. N. Patel

2

, V.V. Agrawal

3

1

M.E. Scholar, 2Professor, 3Assistant Professor, Structural Engineering Department, Birla Vishvakarma, Mahavidyalaya, Vallabh Vidhyanagar, Gujarat Technological University.

Abstract— Ceramic waste is most commonly produce from ceramic industry, this waste is in the form of pest and hard form, pest waste is known as the filter waste or slurry waste, which is produced at the end of polishing and finishing of ceramic tiles. The paper discuss that ceramic slurry waste powder is replaced by cement in concrete. Concrete grade M25 was made by replacing by 0% to 30% of Ordinary Portland 53 grade cement with ceramic slurry waste powder passing through 90 microns. Compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption and sorptivity are determined with water cement ratio 0.48. The result shows core compressive strength achieved up to 30% replacement of ceramic waste powder without affecting the characteristic strength of M25 and no significant change in flexural strength. Water absorption and sorptivity increased compare to conventional concrete and after 10% interval it’s increased very less.

Keywords—Ceramic waste powder, Compressive strength and durability performance

I. INTRODUCTION

Ceramic waste: Ceramic waste is generated at the end process of the manufacturing of tiles in ceramic industries. Million tons ceramic waste is generated every year, which is almost 20 to 30% of total production. This waste is in the form of paste, clacined clay, ceramic brick, roof tile, floor tile and stone ware etc. The waste is dumped away in land filling and pit or vacant spaces which causes’ the environmental pollution. It is dangerous for human health and an agricultural. Ceramic industry fed up every day for proper discharge of this waste.

In advancement of concrete technology we can reduce the consumption of natural resources. The waste can replace by cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and as a supplementary addition in concrete. The use of ceramic waste material offer cost reduction, energy saving and fewer hazards in the environmental according to some authors the best way for the construction industry to become a more sustainable one is by using wastes from other industries as building material.

Concrete with partial cement which is replaced by ceramic powder although it has minor strength loss possess increase durability performance. Ceramic waste partially replaced in the form of aggregate, sand and cement

II. MATERIAL AND TEST RESULT

In this experiment cement, sand, aggregate and ceramic slurry waste powder is used.

1) Ceramic waste powder:

Ceramic waste is produced from ceramic industry at the end process of polishing and finishing. This ceramic slurry waste is collected from Morbi ceramic area Rajkot, Gujarat. This waste is collected in the form of pest and after drying and hand crushing it passing through 90 microns and replaced by cement. Its physical and chemical investigation is done by Geo- test house Baroda. Specific gravity of ceramic waste powder is 2.33, water absorption is 2.4 and chemical property is as shown below.

Table No. I

Chemical Property of ceramic waste Powder

Materials Ceramic

Powder %

Silicon Dioxide(SiO2)% 78.20

Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3 )% 0.820

Iron Oxide ( Fe2O3 )% -

Calcium Oxide(CaO)% 1.510

Magnesium Oxide (MgO)% 3.580

Chloride (CL)% 0.302

Sulphur as Sulphur Trioxide (SO3) 0.064

Loss of Ignition % 3.590

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

726 2) Cement:

The Ordinary Portland Sanghi cement 53 grade conforming to IS: 12269:1987 is being used. Normal consistency of cement is 30%, initial setting time 78 minute, final setting time is 152 minute and specific gravity is 3.15.

3) Aggregate

Aggregate is most important ingredient of concrete. They can use as economy and shrinkage effect. For workability good gradation of aggregate is required. Good gradation aggregate minimise the voids of concrete so less paste is required to fill up to the voids.

4) Coarse aggregate

Locally available 20mm size aggregate is used; it is collected from sevalia, Gujarat. Physical property is determined, specific gravity of coarse aggregate is 2.81, and fineness modulus is 6.94.

5) Fine sand

Locally available river sand is used; it is collected from Bodeli, Anand,(Gujarat). It is tested as per the IS code 383:1970, specific gravity of sand is 2.66 and fineness of modulus is 3.116.

6) Water

Portable water is used in mixing of concrete.

7) Chemical

Master Glenium Sky 8784 is used this product is BASF PVT Ltd Company this chemical is used for water reducer. By marsh cone test 1% dosage is consider, and by trial and error method it is consider that its 10% water reducer.

III. EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

A mix M25 grade of concrete is design as per the Indian Standard code 10262-2009 and design mix proportion is shown in table no.2.

Table no.II

Design mix proportion of grade M25.

P ro p o rti o n Wate r Ce m en t S an d Coarse Aggregate Ch em ica l Ad m ix tu re 20 mm 10 mm By we ig h t (k g /m3

) 175.6 365.6 830 713 384 3.65

Vo

lu

m

e 0.48 1 2.27 1.95 1.04

The evaluation of ceramic waste use as a replacement of cements material beings with the concrete testing. The mould size of 150mm X 150mm X 150mm and cylinder 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height is casted as per the concrete mix with a proportion of shown above table no. 2. Concrete mix with partially replaced by ceramic waste with water cement ratio of 0.48. Concrete cube, cylinder and beam casted and after 24 hours de-moulded and after continuous curing of 7 and 28 days cube, cylinder tested and beam tested after 28 days.

Based on characteristic strength, 25N/mm2 Strength is required, M25 grade concrete casted and compressive strength and flexural strength is carried out at 7 and 28 days water absorption and sorptivity test is carried out at 28 days.

IV. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

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In grade of M25 concrete 3 cubes is casted for each batch of B0, B1, B2 and B3. As per the shown Graph no. 1 and 2 compressive strength continuous decreased with replacement of ceramic slurry waste powder. But up to 30% replacement it achieves characteristics strength of M25 grade concrete.

Photograph no. 1Compression Testing Machine.

Graph no.1 Day V/S Compressive strength of cube at 7 and 28 days

Graph no.2 Day V/S Compressive strength of cylinder at 7 and 28 days

V. FLEXURAL STRENGTH

Flexural Strength is giving a deflection of beam. For flexural strength size of 100mm X 100mm X 500 mm beam casted and after 28 days curing it is tested. In testing single point load is applied continuously on beam as per shown in photograph no 2. As per the graph no.3 its flexural strength is decreased at 0.32MPa at replacement of 10 % ceramic waste powder and 0.20MPa flexural strength is decreased continuous replacement of 10% addition of ceramic waste powder.

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

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Graph no. 3 Day V/S Flexural Strength of Beam in MPa

VI. WATER ABSORPTION TEST

For water absorption 100mm X 100mm X 100mm cube casted and tested after 28 days continuous curing period. Then after cube specimen were oven dry for 24 hours at 100. C. this weight should be measured in gm (W1). Then after specimens were kept in water for 24 hours, this wet weight noted is (W2). % of water absorption should be calculated is [(W2-W1)/(W1)]*100.

Where W1= oven dry weight of cube.

W2=Wet weight of cube after 24 hours. As per shown graph no. 4 water absorption increased as ceramic waste replaced with cement.

Graph no. 4 Day V/S water absorption in %

VII. SORPTIVITY TEST

Sorptivity gives capillary action of water. For sorptivity test 100 mm dia. and 50mm height cylinder is casted. After 28 days continuous curing the specimen should oven dry for 24 hours after non absorbent colour sealing doing on outer periphery of cylinder and weight of this cylinder (W1). The specimen should kept in water where the height of specimen immersed only 5mm, and after 60min the weight of specimen measured nearest to 1gm (W2). Surface water of the specimen was wiped off with a dampened tissue and each weighting operation was completed within 30 second.

Sorptivity is measured

S=I/t^0.5 Where;

S= sorptivity in mm,

t= elapsed time in minute. I=Δw/Ad

Δw= change in weight = W2-W1

W1 = Oven dry weight of cylinder in grams

W2 = Weight of cylinder after60 minutes capillary suction of water in grams.

A= surface area of the bottom side through which water penetrated.

d= density of water

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

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As shown Graph no. 5 sorptivity incereased at 10% replacemetn of ceramic slurry waste powder, after 10% intreval replacement it increases very less compre to other sample.

VIII. RESULT AND ANALYSIS

Experimental investigation is done to determine the compressive strength and Flexural strength of ceramic waste concrete.

Effect of ceramic waste powder on compressive strength:

Compressive strength is determined at 7 and 28 days after successful curing period. Due to high percentage of silica oxide in ceramic waste its core compressive strength is achieve at 30 % replacement of ceramic waste concrete. By more than 30% of replacement, compressive strength is decreasing, so more research on it is preferred. Cylindrical compressive strength is achieved at 30% replacement of ceramic waste powder. Further replacement its compressive strength is decreased.

Effect of ceramic waste powder on flexural strength:

Flexural strength is determined at 28 days after curing period of 28 days. As per the result the flexural strength is near to convention concrete by addition of ceramic waste powder up to 30%. But flexural strength is significantly decreased at 10% replacement of ceramic waste powder. As per the result at 10% interval its flexural strength continuously decreased of 7.27% compare to conventional concrete.

Effect of ceramic waste powder water absorption and sorptivity:

Water absorption is measured at 28 days after curing period. Water absorption is increased at 10% of replacement of ceramic waste powder up to 30%. At 10% replacement water absorption is increased 10.98 % compare to conventional concrete grade of M25.then after 4.9% water absorption increased at 10% interval.

Sorptivity gives capillary action of concrete in M25 grade concrete sorptivity increased 33% compared to conventional concrete and then after 10% interval its sorptivity increases very less.

IX. CONCLUSION

The aim of this paper is to finding out the characteristic strength of M25 grade ceramic waste powder concrete at 0.48 water cement ratio. Different test has been conducted on it and finding out the compressive strength and flexural strength of ceramic waste concrete.

As compare to convention concrete addition of ceramic waste powder, its characteristic strength is decreased compare to conventional concrete.

Compressive strength of cylinder is nearest to cube by its height by diameter ratio. So ceramic waste powder is been replaced by up to 30 % without affecting its characteristic strength of M25 grade concrete.

Compare to conventional concrete flexural strength is nearest to conventional concrete. But its strength insignificantly decreased at replacement of ceramic waste powder.

Water absorption and sorptivity increased at replacement of cement compare to conventional concrete, but then after 10% interval its increase very less.

REFERENCES

[1] Raval and Patel, 2013. Ceramic Waste: Effective Replacement of Cement For Establishing Sustainable Concrete‖, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – V.4,. [2] F.PachecoTorgal, A. Shahsavandi and S. Jalal,2011. Mechanical

properties and durability of concrete with partial replacement of Portland cement by ceramic wastes, Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities 1St International Conference 2011.

[3] F.Pacheco Torgal and Said Jalali, 2010. Compressive strength and durability properties of ceramic wastes based concrete, Materials and Structures,14

[4] Electricwala Fatima, AnkitJhamb, Rakesh Kumar, 2013. Ceramic Dust as Construction Material in Rigid Pavement, American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 1, No. 5, p112-116. [5] Senthamarai RM and D. Manoharan, 2005. Concrete with ceramic

waste aggregate, Cement and concrete composites, vol.27, p910-913 [6] Mehta PK, 2001. Reducing the environment impact of concrete. Concrete can be durable and environmentally friendly, Concrete International, 10, p61–66.