The main concepts for object approaches and UML

(1)

The main concepts for object

approaches and UML

UML - P. Bommel, J.P. Müller, M. Belem1

approaches and UML

Part 2 :

The dynamical models

· To understand and describe the behaviours of the

objects and their interactions

· Three types of representations

¾

State chart diagrams

(internal dynamics)

¾

Activity diagrams

(intra and inter object dynamics)

¾

Interaction diagrams

(interaction dynamics)

• Sequence diagrams

(2)

Content

· State chart diagrams

· Activity diagrams

· Interaction diagrams

¾

Sequence diagrams

¾

Collaboration diagrams

· Conclusion

Content

· State chart diagrams

· Activity diagrams

· Interaction diagrams

¾Sequence diagrams ¾Collaboration diagrams

(3)

State chart diagrams

· Objective :

¾

To describe the life cycle of an object

¾

To describe the life cycle of an object

· Elements :

¾

State of an object

• Values of its attributes and links

• An object change its state over time

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Transition

¾

Transition

• Events (action of an object onto another)

• Guard (conditions)

• Actions

State chart diagrams

Un état

A state

· A transition is due to an event

Etat

initial Transitions Etat final

Event 1 [Cond1] / Action1

Initial

state Transitions Finalstate

State 1

do : Activity 1

Event 1 [Cond1] / Action1

State 2

faire : Activity 2

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Examples

· Heater

State : stop T° < 15°C State : heat

· Life cycle

actif changement de travail limite d'âge active age limit work change

en formation chomeur retraite embauche reconversion g limite d'âge embauche licenciem ent retired unemployed formation hire hire fire g age limit conversion

Example: plot

(5)

The actions

· For the transitions

· For the states

State A Event( arg1,... )[ condition ] / link.sendEvent(arg1, ...) State B

Super states

· États d’un feu tricolore

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Parallelism

· T and U in parallel

· Event E1 dispatched to T and U

S T X U V T X X U V V

X Y Z W X Y Z X Y E1 Z E2 E3 W W E4[ in Z ] E1

Content

· State chart diagrams

· Activity diagrams

· Interaction diagrams

¾Sequence diagrams ¾Collaboration diagrams

(7)

Activity diagrams

· Objective:

¾

To describe the activities and their ordering

¾

To describe the activities and their ordering

· Can be used for

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the internal behaviour of an object

¾

the concrete functioning of a behaviour

¾

the control ordering between activities spread among a set

of objects

Activity diagrams the elements

· Activities

O d

b t

ti iti

activity

· Order between activities

¾

En fait ces diagrammes peuvent être vus comme une forme simplifiée

des diagrammes d'états - transitions

activity

state1 event

· Initial and final pseudo activities

· Decision and synchronisation points

(8)

Notations

· An activity is an action

Un état

An activity

· A link is a sequencing of activities

Etat initial Etat final Transitions An activity Initial

time Transitions Finaltime

Activity diagram: life cycle

naître

croître

se reproduire

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Other notations

activ-1 activ-2 decision point activ-3 [ condition-1 ] activ-5 activ-6 activ-4 [ condition-2 ] synchronisation point

activ-7 activ-8 synchronisation points

The swimlanes

activ-1 Ne wSwim lane3 Ne wSwim lane2 NewSwim lane activ-3 activ-2 activ-6 [ condition-1 ] activ-4 [ condition-2 ] QuickTime™ et un décompresseur TIFF (LZW) sont requis pour visionner cette image.

activ-5 activ-6 activ-7

(10)

Example: farmer activities

Content

· State chart diagrams

· Activity diagrams

· Interaction diagrams

¾Sequence diagrams

¾Collaboration diagrams

(11)

Sequence diagrams

:B :C :A M1 M2 M3 M4

M6 M5

Collaboration diagrams

:B :C :A 1: M1 2: M2 4: M4 6: M6 5: M5 message _{3: M3}

(12)

The life line

« create »

Sequence diagrams

Creation by an external object

Activation of an object Receiving the event « op »

:C1 op

Deletion by an external object

« destroy »

Sequence diagrams

· Interaction types

¾synchronous: ¾asynchronous: ¾reflexive: ¾constructive: ¾destructive: :Ca ¾destructive: ¾alternative:

[X]mess.

[non X]mess.

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Content

· State chart diagrams

· Activity diagrams

· Interaction diagrams

¾Sequence diagrams

¾Collaboration diagrams

· Conclusion

· A tool for dialog :

¾

A language to represent models

UML: Conclusion

¾

A language to represent models

¾

Graphical and simple

¾

Formal and nomalized (OMG)

· An open tool

¾

Independent of the implementation

¾

Independent of the implementation

¾

It is a language, not a process

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UML books (1)

· Booch Grady, Rumbaugh James, and Jacobson Ivar,

The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, 0-201-57168-

g

g g

,

4, Addison Wesley, Fall 1998,

· Jacobson Ivar, Booch Grady and Rumbaugh James, The

Unified Software Development Process, 0-201-57169-2,

Addison Wesley, Fall 1998,

· Rumbaugh James Jacobson Ivar and Booch Grady The

· Rumbaugh James, Jacobson Ivar, and Booch Grady, The

Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual,

0-201-30998-X, Addison Wesley, Fall 1998

UML books (2)

¾Conallen Jim, Concevoir des applications Web avec UML, Eyrolles , 2000.

¾Douglass Bruce Powell, Doing Hard Time : Developping Real-Time Systems with

UML, Addison Wesley, 1999.

¾Eriksson , UML Toolkit, Wiley, 1997

¾Fowler Martin, UML Distilled, Applying the Standard Object Modeling Language Addison Wesley, 1997

¾Kettany N et al, De Merise à UML,Eyrolles , 1998

¾Larman Craig, Applying UML and Patterns,Prentice Hall, 1998

¾Lee R, Tepfenhart W, UML et C++, Simon et Schuste , 1998

¾Lopez N, Intégrer UML dans vos projets, Eyrolles, 1997p g p j y

¾Muller Pierre-Alain, Modélisation objet avec UML, Eyrolles, 1997

¾Roques Pascal, Vallée Franck, UML en action, Eyrolles, 2000.

¾Roques Pascal, UML par la pratique, Eyrolles, 2001.