Part VI
Planning workflow
BH trial configuration
UMTS project in Atoll
Propagation models
Equipment / Antennas
Sites / Transmitters / Cells
Prediction - Coverage by transmitter / Pilot signal level
Neighbours / Scrambling codes automatic allocation
BH trial services definition
Atoll UMTS service parameters
Monte-Carlo simulation
Predictions - Ec/Io; Eb/No; Handoff status; Pilot pollution; SC Interference
Predictions - HSDPA / HSUPA
Point analysis tool
ACP Tool - Capesso
Contents
BH Trial Configuration
• Planning only for “Contorno” region
• Band = 2.1GHz
• Bandwidth = 5MHz (1 Channel)
• Orthogonality Factor: 0.6
• Antenna = 18dBi / 65º Beamwidth / 4º Tilt (+ variable additional electrical downtilt)
• Height: 30m
• 35 three-sectored sites (0
° 120° 240º)
• Cable Loss: 2dB
• Node B Noise Figure: 2dB
• Node B Maximum Output Power: 43dBm
• Pilot Power = 33dBm
• SCH Power = 21dBm
• Other CCH Power = 30dBm
• Active Set Threshold: 5dB
Menu File
Æ
New
/ Project templates (UMTS HSPA)
Starting a Project
• Define projection (e.g. WGS 84 / UTM zone 23S)
• Define display coordinate system (e.g. Long/Lat - WGS 84) - depends on the map
• Define power and length units (e.g. dBi, dBd / W, dBm / m, km)
Menu Tools
Æ
Options
• Import clutter classes, DTM (Digital Terrain Model), vector data, etc
Menu File
Æ
Import
• Clutter classes:
• Clutter classes:
• Heights
(DTM = Digital Terrain Model):
Import Geographic Data Files
• Heights
(DTM = Digital Terrain Model):
• Vectors:
• Vectors:
Focus Zone Polygon
Computation Zone Polygon
Explorer window
Æ
Geo tab
Æ
Clutter Classes
Æ
Properties
Clutter Properties
Explorer window
Æ
Geo tab
Æ
Clutter Classes
Æ
Properties
Clutter Properties
Explorer window
Æ
Modules tab
Æ
Propagation Models
Propagation Models
Propagation Model Calibration
• Import CW Measurements
Propagation Model Calibration
• Displaying CW Measurements route
Propagation Model Calibration
Explorer window
Æ
Modules tab
Æ
Propagation Models
Æ
Standard Propagation Model
Æ
Automatic Calibration
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Sites
Æ
Equipment
Æ
Open Table
Site Equipment
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Sites
Æ
Equipment
Æ
Channel Element Consumption
Channel Element Consumption
Site Creation
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Sites
Æ
Open Table
Sites Table
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Antennas
Antennas
Antennas
Antennas
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Frequency Bands
Frequency Bands
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Transmitters
Æ
Equipment
Transmitter Equipment
●
BTS
●TMA
●Feeder
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Transmitters
Æ
New
Transmitter Creation
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Transmitters
Æ
Open Table
Transmitters Table
Cell Creation
Cells Table
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Predictions
Don’t need Monte-Carlo
Simulation (cell loads)
Need Monte-Carlo
Simulation (cell loads)
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
Coverage by Transmitter
Prediction - Coverage by Transmitter
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
Coverage by Signal Level
Prediction - Pilot Signal Level
Prediction - Pilot Signal Level
0 2.9 5.8 8.6 11.5 14.4 17.3 20.2 23 25.9 28.8 31.7 34.6 37.4 40.3 43.2 46.149 -100 -9 9 -9 8 -9 7 -9 6 -9 5 -9 4 -9 3 -9 2 -9 1 -9 0 -8 9 -8 8 -8 7 -8 6 -8 5 -8 4 -8 3 -8 2 -8 1 -8 0 -7 9 -7 8 -7 7 -7 6 -7 5 -7 4 -7 3 -7 2 -7 1 -7 0 -6 9 -6 8 -6 7 -6 6 %Best Signal Level (dBm)
0 6 12 17 23 29 35 40 46 52 58 63 69 75 81 86 92 98 -100 -9 9 -9 8 -9 7 -9 6 -9 5 -9 4 -9 3 -9 2 -9 1 -9 0 -8 9 -8 8 -8 7 -8 6 -8 5 -8 4 -8 3 -8 2 -8 1 -8 0 -7 9 -7 8 -7 7 -7 6 -7 5 -7 4 -7 3 -7 2 -7 1 -7 0 -6 9 -6 8 -6 7 -6 6 -6 5 %
Best Signal Level (dBm)
CDF
Histogram
Explorer window
Æ
Data tabÆ
TransmittersÆ
CellsÆ
NeighboursÆ
Automatic AllocationScrambling Codes Automatic Allocation
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Transmitters
Æ
Cells
Æ
BH Trial Services Definition
• Voice: 12.2kbps
• Video: 64kbps
• HSDPA:
DL: 1Mbps (average)
UL: 256kbps (average)
• HSUPA:
DL: 256kbps (average)
UL: 1Mbps (average)
BH Trial Services Definition
• UE Antenna Gain: 0dBi
• UE Height: 1.5m
• UE Noise Figure: 7dB
• Body Loss = 3dB (for voice service only)
• Active Set Size = 3
• Ec/Io min = -14dB
UL
DL
Voice 12.2kbps
5dB
7dB
Video 64kbps
3dB
5dB
Required Eb/No
RAB
UL
12.2
21
1
DL
12.2
30
1
UL
64
21
4
DL
64
30
4
Maximum Power (dBm)
RAB
Data rate (kbps)
Video 64kbps
Required CE
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Services
Æ
R99 Radio Bearers
R99 Radio Bearers
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Services
Services
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Services
Services
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Mobility Types
Mobility Types
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Services
Æ
R99 Radio Bearers
Æ
(any radio bearer)
Æ
Record Properties
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Terminals
Terminals
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Terminals
Terminals
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Terminals
Terminals
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
User Profiles
User Profiles
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Parameters
Æ
Environments
Environments
Explorer window
Æ
Geo tab
Æ
Traffic
Æ
New Map
Æ
Create Map
(Map Bases On Environments - Raster)
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
UMTS Simulations
Æ
New
UMTS Simulations
UMTS Simulations (Monte-Carlo)
R99 Portion:
• 1) Best server determination: The best server is determined for each mobile using Ec/Io criterion. The mobile is rejected if the Ec/Io condition is not satisfied or the uplink load factor is higher than the specified limit Æ (Ec/Io pilot < Ec/Io min pilot; Admission rejected)
• 2) Active set determination: The active set is determined for each mobile.
• 3) Uplink power control: The mobile transmit power is calculated. It corresponds to the power required to satisfy the uplink Eb/Nt requirement. The mobile is rejected if the calculated required transmit power is higher than the maximum mobile transmit power Æ (Pmob >Pmob max)
• 4) Downlink power control: The transmitter traffic channel power is calculated. It corresponds to the power required to satisfy the downlink Eb/Nt requirement. The mobile is rejected if the calculated traffic channel power is higher than the maximum traffic channel power allowed Æ (Ptch > Ptch max)
• 5) Uplink and downlink interference update: The uplink load factor and total downlink transmit power are updated with these results.
• 6) Congestion and radio resource control: Mobiles are rejected if any of the following situations occur: - Uplink load factor higher than the specified limit Æ (UL load saturation)
- Total downlink power higher than the maximum total downlink power Æ (DL load saturation) - Number of OVSF codes insufficient Æ (Code saturation)
- Number of channel elements available insufficient Æ (Channel element saturation)
• 7) Convergence study: The previous iterations are repeated until the simulation converges, i.e. either the maximum number of iterations is reached or both, uplink and downlink, criteria are verified.
Explorer window
Æ
Data tabÆ
UMTS SimulationsÆ
(any simulation)Æ
PropertiesExplorer window
Æ
Data tabÆ
UMTS SimulationsÆ
(any simulation)Æ
Average SimulationAverage Simulation
Sites
- Max No. of DL and UL CEs
- No. of DL and UL CEs Used
- No. of DL and UL CEs Due to SHO Overhead
- Carrier Selection
- Downlink and Uplink Overhead CEs/Cell
- AS Restricted to Neighbours
- Rake Factor
- MUD Factor
- Compressed Mode
- Instantaneous HSDPA Rate (kbps)
- Instantaneous HSDPA MAC Throughput (kbps)
- HSUPA Rate (kbps)
Average Simulation
Cells
- Max Power (dBm) - Pilot Power (dBm) - SCH power (dBm) - Other CCH power (dBm)- Available HSDPA Power (dBm) - AS Threshold (dB)
- Gain (dBi)
- Reception Loss (dB) - Transmission Loss (dB) - BTS Noise Figure (dB)
- Total Transmitted R99 Power (dBm) - Total Transmitted Power (dBm)
- UL Total Noise (dBm) - Max UL Load Factor (%) - Max DL Load (% Pmax) - UL Load Factor (%)
- UL Load Factor due to HSUPA (%) - DL Load Factor (%)
- UL and DL Noise Rise (dB) - DL R99 Load (% Pmax) - Reuse Factor (UL)
- Reuse Efficiency Factor (UL)
- Number of UL and DL Radio Links - Connection Success Rate (%)
- HSDPA Application Throughput (kbps) - Min. HSDPA RLC Peak Rate (kbps) - Max HSDPA RLC Peak Rate (kbps)
- Avg. Instantaneous HSDPA Throughput (kbps) - Instantaneous HSDPA Rate (kbps)
- Instantaneous HSDPA MAC Throughput (kbps) - No. of Simultaneous HSDPA Users
- No. of HSDPA Users - No. of HSUPA Users
- HSUPA Application Throughput (kbps) - HSUPA UL Load Factor (%)
- No. of Codes (512 Bits)
- The types of handover as a percentage - R99 UL and DL Throughput (kbps)
- R99 UL and DL Throughput Without HO (kbps) - Min TCH Pwr (dBm)
- Max TCH Pwr (dBm) - Avg TCH Pwr
Trial Simulation Results
Service
Users
DL Rate (R99)
UL Rate (R99)
Voice 12.2kbps
1,288.12
7.87 Mbps
7.87 Mbps
Video 64kbps
130.23
8.33 Mbps
8.33 Mbps
HSDPA
33.64
-
2.15 Mbps
HSUPA
16.82
-
-Request
1468.81 users trying to connect
Service
Users
DL Rate (R99)
UL Rate (R99)
Voice 12.2kbps
1277.16 (99.1%)
7.8 Mbps
7.8 Mbps
Video 64kbps
127.95 (98.2%)
8.19 Mbps
8.19 Mbps
HSDPA
31.26 (92.9%)
-
2 Mbps
HSUPA
15.57 (92.6%)
-
-Result
1451.94 (98.9%) connected to a R99 RAB
Service
Rate
HSDPA
56.86 Mbps
HSUPA
11.39 Mbps
HSDPA / HSUPA
Trial Simulation Results
Pmob > PmobMax:
0
Ptch > PtchMax:
3.99
Ec/Io < (Ec/Io)min:
10.9
UL Load Saturation:
0.01
Ch. Elts saturation:
0
DL Load Saturation:
0
Multiple causes:
0
Code saturation:
0
Admission rejection:
1.96
HSDPA Delayed:
10.9
HSDPA Scheduler Saturation:
0
HSUPA Scheduler Saturation:
0
Reasons
27.76 (1.9%) user rejected or delayed
Predictions
Need Monte-Carlo
Simulation (cell loads)
Prediction - Ec/Io - Voice
Prediction - Eb/No (DL) - Voice
Prediction - Eb/No (UL) - Voice
Prediction - Effective Service Area - Voice
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
Effective Service Area
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
Handoff Status
Prediction - Handoff Status - Voice
No Handoff 67.8 Softer 5.2 Soft 18.4 Softer-Softer 0 Softer-Soft 4.2 Soft-Soft 4.2 % area Handoff Status - Voice
Prediction - Pilot Pollution - Voice
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
Pilot Pollution
Prediction - SC Interference Zones
Prediction - HSDPA App Throughput
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
HSDPA Coverage
Prediction - HSUPA App Throughput
Explorer window
Æ
Data tab
Æ
Predictions
Æ
New
Æ
HSUPA Coverage
Point Analysis Tool
• Profile Tab
Point Analysis Tool
• Reception Tab
Point Analysis Tool
• AS Analysis
Transmitters of the mobile active set (grey zone)65
Best server threshold to be part of the active set (depending on the mobility type) Lower limit of the
active set (best pilot quality - Active set threshold)
Pilot and service availability in UL and DL
Summary - Building a UMTS Project
• 1) Define projection / import geographic data files
• 2) Network design: sites / transmitters / cells
• 3) Calibrate propagation model using CW measurements
• 4) Pilot studies based only on signal reception
• 5) Neighbour / scrambling codes allocation
• 6) Traffic description (activity probabilities), traffic map design
• 7) Simulations - realistic user distribution generation
Automatic Cell Planning Tool - Capesso
Site Location
• Greenfield site deployment for new areas
• Vector + area deployment
Site Location
• Greenfield site deployment for new areas
• Vector + area deployment
Site Selection
•
Site selection + RF configuration for UMTS overlay on GSM
• Automatic efficiency analysis
Site Selection
•
Site selection + RF configuration for UMTS overlay on GSM
• Automatic efficiency analysis
Better Plans
•
Parameter configurations to improve network designs, plans
• Highly efficient “what if” analysis
Better Plans
•
