Introduction to Visual C++.NET Programming. Using.NET Environment

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Cal Poly Pomona

Electrical & Computer Engineering

Introduction to Visual C++.NET

Programming

ECE 114 - 2

Dr. Z. Aliyazicioglu

Cal Poly Pomona

Electrical & Computer Engineering

Using .NET Environment

Start up Microsoft Visual studio.NET. The following

window should be displayed

Click New Project or

Under the File menu, point to New, and then click Project

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Cal Poly Pomona ECE 114-1 3 New Project dialog box will be displayed

Select Visual C++ Project in the Project Types pane, Select

Console Application (.NET) in the temples pane.

Type project Name in Name box

Choose location for your project. Then, Click OK

Double click the your cpp file under Solution Explore

(on the right side)

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Cal Poly Pomona ECE 114-1 5

A simple Program:Printing a Line of Text

// First Program in Visual C++.NET

#include"stdafx.h"

#using<mscorlib.dll>

usingnamespace System;

int_tmain() {

// Display string

Console::WriteLine( S“Welcome to Visual C++.NET Programming!” );

return 0 ; }

// end _tmain

// indicates that the remainder of line is a comment

Directive, instruct the compiler to treat the comments of a specific file

Main is a program building block called a function Print on the screen the string of characters

Imports prepackaged unit of code, (dll file)

Declares the use of namespace in the program

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Notes about the simple program

comment line

// indicates that the remainder of each line is a

command. That is a documentation for programmer

or other people to understand your program easily.

Comments are ignored by the Visual C++.NET

compiler.

// is called a single line comment

The command for many line: begin with /* and and

with /. Anything between / and */ will be

comment.

Console::WriteLine( S"Welcome to \nVisual C++.NET

\nProgramming!" );

Display Line of Text

Console::WriteLine( S"Welcome to" );

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Some common escape Sequence

Alert. Sound the system \a

Double quote, prints (“) character \”

Backslash, prints (\) character \\

Carriage return, moves to beginning of current line

\r

Horizontal tab, move to next tab \t

Newline, moves to beginning of new line \n

Description

Escape

Sequence

Adding Integer

// An addition program that adds two integer // Z. Aliyazicoglu

#include "stdafx.h" #using <mscorlib.dll> using namespace System;

Enter two integer number typed by a user at the keyboard number1

number2 Compute the total

sum=number1+number2 Dislay the result

Source Code

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continue

int_tmain() {

String *firstNumber, // First user input

*secondNumber; // Second user input

intnumber1, // First number.

number2, // Second number

sum; // sum of both number

Console::Write( S"Please enter the first integer : " ); firstNumber = Console::ReadLine ();

Console::Write( S"Please enter the second integer : " ); secondNumber = Console::ReadLine ();

//Convert numbers from type string * to type integer number1 = Int32::Parse( firstNumber );

number2 = Int32::Parse( secondNumber ); sum=number1+number2;

Console::WriteLine( S"\nThe sum is {0}.",sum.ToString() ); return0;

}

Declarations

Result

Console::Write( S"Please enter the first integer : " ); number1 = Int32::Parse(Console::ReadLine () ); Console::Write( S"Please enter the second integer : " );

number2 = Int32::Parse(Console::ReadLine () );

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#include "stdafx.h" #using <mscorlib.dll> using namespace System; int _tmain()

{

int number1, // First number.

number2, // Second number

sum; // sum of both number

Console::Write( S"Please enter the first integer : " ); number1 = Int32::Parse(Console::ReadLine () ); Console::Write( S"Please enter the second integer : " ); number2 = Int32::Parse(Console::ReadLine () ); sum=number1+number2;

Console::WriteLine( S"\nThe sum is {0}.",sum.ToString() ); return 0;

Alternative source code

Declaration

Types already defined in the .NET Framework

Some Primitive types

»

int

, for integer numbers

»

float

,

double

real numbers

»

_

wchart_t

character data

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Variable Name

Can be any valid identifier

– Series of characters

– Underscore

– Start with character

– Case sensitive

– No keyword

Example:

– Name7, _number, name_lastname

Declaration separated by a comma and end with

semicolon (;)

Display the result

Console::WriteLine( S"\nThe sum is {0}.",sum.ToString() );

Obtain the string representation of variable sum

using

method ToString.

Use {0}

to indicate a placeholder for variable values

Console::WriteLine( "The number entered are {0} and {1}.“

,number1.ToString(), number2.ToString() );

The value of number1.ToString() would replace {0}

The value of number2.ToString() would replace {1}

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Memory Display

number1 = Int32::Parse( firstNumber );

number2 = Int32::Parse( secondNumber );

Convert the string to int

int is placed into a memory location assigned for number1 and number2 by the compiler

sum=number1+number2;

Performs the addition and replaces sum’s previous value in the memory. 80 sum 35 number2 45 number1

Memory

Location

Arithmetic Operations

R % x R mod x % Modulus x / y x / y / Division x * y xy * Multiplication P - c p - c -Subtraction F + 7 f + 7 + Addition MC++ expression Algebraic expression Arithmetic operation MC++ Operation

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Precedence of Arithmetic Operators

Operators Operations Order of Evaluation

( ) Parentheses

Evaluate first. If there are several, evaluate left to right

*,/,or %

Multiplication Division Modulus

Evaluate second. If there are several evaluate left to right

+ or

-Addition Subtraction

Evaluate last. If there are several, evaluate left to right

Decision Making

x is greater than y x is less than y x is greater than or equal to y x is less than or equal to y x > y x < y x >= y x <= y > < >= <= relational operators > < ≥ ≤ x is equal to y x is not equal to y x = = y x != y = = != equality operator = ≠ Meaning of C++ condition Example of C++ condition C++ equality or relational operator Standard algebraic equality operator or relational operators

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Data Types in .NET Framework

String * Fixed-length string of char

String

wcher_t or _wchar_t Unicode (16-bit) character

Char

bool Boolean value (true and false)

Boolean

double Double-precision(64-bits)

floating point number Double

float Single-precision(32-bits)

floating point number Single

_int64 64-bits signed integer

Int64

int or long 32-bits signed integer

Int32

short 16-bits signed integer

Int16 MC++ Type Description FLC Structure Class name

Case Study

Finding the Area and circumference of a circle

1- Take the radius of a circle and compute and print its area and circumference

2- Inputs: Circle radius Outputs: Area of the circle

Circumference of the circle Constants: PI = 3.14159

Formula: area = π r2

circumference = 2 π r 3- Get circle radius

Calculate area

Calculate circumference

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Cal Poly Pomona ECE 114-1 23 // Calculate and displays the area and circumference of a circle

// Z. Aliyazicoglu

#include "stdafx.h" #using <mscorlib.dll> using namespace System; #define PI 3.14159 int _tmain() {

double radius , area=0.0 , circum=0.0 ;

/* Get the circle radius */

Console::Write( S"Please enter the radius : " ); radius = Double::Parse(Console::ReadLine () );

/* Calculate the area */

area = PI * radius * radius ;

/* Calculate the circumference */

circum = 2 * PI * radius ;

/* Display the area and circumference */

Console::WriteLine( S"\nThe area is {0}.",area.ToString() );

Console::WriteLine( S"\nThe circumference is {0}.",circum.ToString() ); return 0;

}

Source Code

Homework #2

Problem 1

Write a program that inputs three integer from the

keyboard and print the sum, average, product, smallest,

and largest of these numbers. The screen dialogue

should appear as fallow

Input three different integers:13 27 14 Sum is 54

Average is 18 Product is 4914 Smallest is 13 Largest is 27

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Homework #2

Problem 2

Using only the techniques you learned in this chapter,

write a program that calculates the squares and

cubes of the number from 0 to 10 and uses tabs to

print the following table of values.

Number Square Cube

0 0 0 1 1 1 2 4 8 3 9 27 4 16 64 5 25 125

Introduction to Visual C++.NET Programming. Using.NET Environment

Cal Poly Pomona

window should be displayed

Double click the your cpp file under Solution Explore

Notes about the simple program

with */. Anything between /* and */ will be

Description

Source Code

Result

Alternative source code

Example:

,number1.ToString(), number2.ToString() );

sum=number1+number2;

Operators Operations Order of Evaluation

Decision Making

Case Study

Source Code

Homework #2

with /. Anything between / and */ will be