Client: SEPCOⅢ ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION
No.
26-W9-YX-01
TURBINE OPERATION RULES (A)Total 151 Pages
Operation Instruction
SEPCOIII
Drafted by:
Reviewed by:
Approved by:
Name of Change Sheet
No.
Time of Approval
1
2
3
CONTENTS
PART 1 Overview
Chapter 1 Specification of Main Equipment ………5
Chapter 2 Specification of Auxiliary Equipment ………
14
PART 2 Unit Start-up
Chapter 1 Cold Start of the Unit ……….…………26
Chapter 2 Warm & Hot Start of the Unit ……….…..…38
PART 3 Unit Operation
Chapter 1 Operating Parameters of Steam Turbine ………
42
Chapter 2 Operating Modes of the Unit ………..……..47
Chapter 3 Regular Works and Requirements ………..………49
PART 4 Unit Shutdown
PART 5 Treatment of Unit Accidents
Chapter 1 Treating Rules of Accidents ………..60
Chapter 2 Condition of Steam Turbine Tripping ………...……
61
Chapter 3 Condition of Unit Fault Shutdown ………61
Chapter 4 Condition of Emergency Shutdown……….…….…62
Chapter 5 Procedure of Emergency Shutdown...……….…………63
Chapter 6 Procedure of Unit Fault Shutdown ……….….……63
Chapter 7 Decreasing of Vacuum ………..……64
Chapter 8 Water Hammer of Steam Turbine ………65
Chapter 9 Increasing of Axial Displacement ………....……66
Chapter 10 Steam Turbine Oil System Catching Fire ………....…67
Chapter 11 Abnormity of Steam Conditions ……….…68
Chapter 12 DEH Failure ……….……71
Chapter 13 Abnormity of Steam Turbine Lubricating Oil System ………71
Chapter 16 Generator parallels off, and turbine trips ………77
Chapter 17 Turbine trips, while the generator does not parallel off ………78
Chapter 18 Failure of Thermodynamic Power Supply ………78
Chapter 19 High Bearing Temperature of Turbine-generator Unit ………79
Chapter 20 Burning out of Turbine-generator Bearing Bush ……….…79
Chapter 21 Steam Turbine Shaft Bending ………80
Chapter 22 Steam turbine Overspeed ………..…82
Chapter 23 Feed water pump set outlet check valve is untight and rotates
reversely.83
Chapter 24 Turbine-generator unit operates at abnormal frequency ………
83
Chapter 25 Boiler Fire Extinction ………84
Chapter 26 Treatment of Accidents & Abnormity of the Motor ………..85
PART 6 Auxiliary Equipment & Common Service System
Chapter 1 General Operating Rules of Auxiliary Equipment………..……
89
Chapter 2 Industrial Water System……….92
Chapter 3 Oil Purification System of Steam Turbine………94
Chapter 4 Lubricating Oil System of Steam Turbine ………
98
Chapter 5 Circulating Water System ………..…….102
Chapter 6 Shaft Sealing and Vacuum System of Steam Turbine ………..…….108
Chapter 7 Condensate Water System ………..………..111
Chapter 8 Feed Water Deaerating System ………..…….117
Chapter 9 DEH System ………..……..131
Chapter 10 Bypass System ………..………136
Chapter 11 Turbine Proper Water Drain System ………..………138
Chapter 12 Quick Cooling System of Steam Turbine ………..………139
Chapter 13
Air Cooling System ………..………143
Appendix 1: Comparison Table of the Temperature & Pressure of Saturated Water &
Steam ………...147
Chapter 1 Specification of Main Equipment
1.1 Specification of steam turbine equipment
Model: N135-13.2/535/535
Type: super-high pressure, primary reheating, double cylinder, double-flow, single shaft, extraction and condensing steam.
Rated power: 135MW
Initial steam pressure: 13.24Mpa (a) Initial steam temperature: 535℃ Reheat steam temperature: 535℃ Exhaust pressure: 5.4kPa (a) Rated speed: 3,000r/min
Rotating direction: clockwise (as viewed from the governor side to generator) Manufactured by: Shanghai Turbine Co., Ltd.
1.2 Main technique parameters
Max power: 146.822MW
Rated power: 135MW
Rated pressure of the steam before initial steam stop valve: 13.24mpa (a) Rated temperature of the steam before initial steam stop valve: 535 ℃ Rated pressure of the steam before reheat steam valve: 2.238mpa (a) Rated temperature of the steam before reheat steam valve: 535℃ Rated cooling water temperature: 24℃
Rated backpressure:5.4kpa (a) Rated speed: 3,000 rpm
Feed water temperature under rated condition: 244.4℃
Max back pressure at which the unit is permitted to operate: 18.6kpa (a) Regeneration stages: 2 HP heaters, 4 LP heaters & 1 deaerator
Length of the last blade of LP cylinder: 660mm
2116r/min for LP rotor 1290r/min for generator rotor Stages of flow path: total 39 stages:
HP cylinder: 1 governing stage + 8 pressure stages MP cylinder: 10pressure stages
LP cylinder: 2×6 pressure stages
1.3 Description of turbine characteristics
1.3.1 This unit can carry the base load of power network, as well as can be used as two-shift or peak regulation unit.
1.3.2 This unit’s operating time at no load when rejecting load must not exceed 15 mins. 1.3.3 This unit’s operating time without steam must not exceed 1 min.
1.3.4 This unit’s idle time with full vacuum after trip is about 45 mins and that without vacuum is about 15 mins.
1.3.5 This unit’s blades can run safely at the grid frequency of 47.5~51.5hz for long; the unit’s characteristics also meet the requirements as follows:
Frequency (Hz) Permitted Operating Time
Accumulated (min) Every Time (Sec)
52.5 >5 >5 52.0 >30 >30 47.5~51.5 Continuous Operation 47 >60 >60 46.5 >10 >10 46 >2 >2
1.3.6 The peak to peak vibration amplitude measured near the bearing journal of turbine shall be ≤ 0.075mm during normal operation, which shall not exceed 0.25mm as critical speed passing in speed rise;
1.3.7 The power load of the unit is permitted to reach 135MW when the HP heaters are cleared; 1.3.8 The unit is permitted to run continuously with low load when the exhaust pressure of turbine increases to 0.0146Mpa (a). The alarm back pressure of turbine is 16.9kPa (a) and trip back pressure is 20.3kPa (a).
1.3.9 The unit is permitted to run for long when the exhaust temperature of steam turbine is less than 79 . The max temperature at which exhaust is permitted to operate is 120 .℃ ℃
1.3.10 Permitted load variation rate of unit is:
1.3.10.1 From 100% to 50% MCR 5%/min
1.3.11 The pressure after the governing stage must not exceed 10.34Mpa (a) at different working conditions.
1.4 General description of steam turbine
1.4.1 Brief introduction of steam turbine proper
1.4.1.1 Steam turbine type is: super-high pressure, primary reheating, double-flow and single shaft arrangement, reaction extraction and condensing type, which characteristics include: combination of HP and IP cylinder, reverse arrangement of through-flow parts, inlets of initial steam and reheat steam centered on the middle part of HP & MP cylinder and radial diffusion double-flow type of LP cylinder.
This unit’s shafting is supported by three points: HP & MP rotor connected with LP rotor by rigid coupling while the LP rotor connected with the generator rotor by semi-flexible coupling, generator rotor expands and contracts forwards and backwards with the thrusting bearing in middle bearing pedestal as the dead point, and HP & MP cylinder expands forwards based on the cross point of longitudinal and traverse key of the middle bearing pedestal. There is an absolute expansion indicator on the front bearing frame with total cylinder expansion of 20-22mm. and the LP outer cylinder expands backward with the cross point of the longitudinal and traverse key in the front of the LP outer cylinder as the dead point.
The turbine unit is 14 meters long in total and arranged on the 9m operation floor, with a combination of HP initial steam stop valve and HP governing valve mounted on both sides in the
HP Governing Valves Layout
Generator End Upper Half Lower Half Governing Valve End
front which is supported on the holder of main stop valve, 4 flexible HP steam inlet pipes connected with the 4 governing valves and the HP cylinder’s upper and lower steam inlets respectively, and governing valve controlled by oil servo-motor.
The high pressure nozzle section consists of four groups of nozzle segments, The unit can reach rated power by 3 valves opening fully and the fourth group provides guarantee for the availability of rated power in summer and at low parameters.
HP & MP cylinder is double-floor cylinder with 1 governing stage and 8 pressure stages in the HP part. There is a section of steam extraction led to HP heater #1 after stage 7, and steam exhausted by HP flows through lower cylinder’s exhaust port and HP exhaust check valve to the reheater, a portion of which is led to HP heater #2 as regenerative extraction.
The reheated steam flows to MP part via MP combined valve through two rigid steam inlet pipes. There are 10 pressure stages in MP part with a third stage extraction to deaerator after stage6 and a fourth extraction led to LP heater #4 after stage 8.
For MP exhaust part, the upper half is designed to exhaust steam upwards that flows into LP cylinder through 2 flexible cross over pipes with compensation capacity; the lower half has a fifth extraction led to LP heater #5.
The LP cylinder is double flow and has 2×6 stages, there are a 6th and 7th extraction openings set
in LP cylinder that lead extraction to LP heater #6 and LP heater #7 (built-in type) inside the condenser respectively and led out after the stage 3 and stage 6 respectively.
This steam turbine has three bearing pedestals in all, in which 3 turbine journal bearings, 1 generator front bearing and 1 thrust bearing are mounted. All bearing pedestals are floor mounted. Besides journal bearing in bearing pedestal #1, there are also main governing set, including main oil pump and emergency governor etc.
Two MP combined valves are arranged on the left and right side in the middle of the unit respectively, which may move freely on its bearing surface with expansion of the turbine, the MP governing valve only operates for regulation at below 30% load and opens fully not to take part in regulation in the case where the load is more than 30%.
The rotary equipment of steam turbine rotor is mounted on the back bearing pedestal and driven by motor after speed reduction, rotor turning gear speed rotation is 7~8r/min, each bearing is equipped with HP jacking oil system in order to lower the start-up power of rotary equipment and protect all bearings from damage.
LP cylinder is equipped with atomizing nozzle type low-load spray regulator inside that may operate to spray automatically in the case where the LP cylinder exhaust temperature is higher than 80 so as to ensure normal operation of the unit.℃
1.4.1.2 Sliding key system
The sliding key system is the supporting and locating system of stator part, the steam turbine proper supporting and locating mode is: front frame, middle frame and rear frame and exhaust hood frame are fastened on the foundation by means of foundation bolts and back grouting and
outer cylinder thereon respectively. Longitudinal keys are arranged on the front frame along the center axis, the front bearing pedestal can move on its frame along the axis. HP & MP outer cylinder upper claws are supported on the front and middle bearing pedestal, the lower claw’s transverse keys connect with the front and middle bearing pedestal, besides longitudinal keys, there are also transverse keys on some position of the middle frame, and the cross point of longitudinal and transverse key is the dead point of HP & MP stator part, the front bearing pedestal HP and MP cylinder and middle bearing pedestal take this as the dead point to perform axial expansion and contraction. There is a vertical key mounted on both upside and downside of both ends of HP & MP outer cylinder with key way plate fixed on the neighboring bearing pedestal for the purpose of smooth expansion and contraction and keeping cylinder center aligning.
1.4.1.3 Thrust bearing
The unit adopts the Michell thrust bearing. The thrust collar integrates with steam turbine, and both its front and back sides are mounted with positive and negative thrust bearing pads with 12 pieces laid on the whole circle of each. And each pad is equipped with a RTD temperature measuring device for measuring its metal temperature. The back of thrust bearing pad rests on erection loop, and erection loop leans against the spheric seating, which gives self alignment effect. Positive or negative thrust of steam turbine bearing operates on the operating pad or non-operating pad separately, and the bearing displacement on thrust pad shall not be more than 0.4mm. The lubricating oil enters between thrust collar and thrust pad via oil inlets on both sides for lubricating, and then flows out from thrust collar outer side, the return oil escapes from the top, and there are two return oil adjusting screws mounted on return oil outlet, which can adjust the oil return quantity to control return oil temperature.
1.4.1.4Journal bearing
This unit adopts elliptic type journal bearing, which consists of a bearing bush cast with Babbitt metal, bearing shell and spheric seating. The bearing is made into upper and lower, two halves that are fixed and positioned by screws and taper pins, the bearing case matches with spheric seating on spherical surface, which gives self alignment effect, and there are four set pieces on the spheric seating for the use of adjustment. Lubricating oil flows into bearing through a hole at lower part of bearing and then flows into bearing pedestal via the bearing end. There is a platinum resistor mounted on the bearing bush that can measure the bearing metal temperature, there is oil from return chute in the bore of locating pin in upper bearing half, which temperature can be measured as that of bearing return oil, and there is HP jacking oil hold at the bottom of bearing bush.
1.4.1.5 Shafting
The steam turbine proper shafting consists of HP & MP rotor and LP rotor. Connection between HP & MP rotor and LP rotor relies on the rigid coupling integrated with main shaft forging, and the shims in between two halves of coupling are connected with screws. As configured for the
purpose of meeting the requirement of rotor center aligning in assembly, in such a case, the center on both ends of coupling must keep correct and concordant in assembly so as to allow the rotor center line to become smooth and continuous curve in operation. The rigid coupling is very sensitive to the bearing load distribution because of high rigidity, thus its requirements for the assembly technology and shafting aligning are much higher, but it has such advantages as high strength, short rotor length, easy processing and reliable operation.
Semiflexible coupling is used in between LP rotor and generator rotor, such coupling has a corrugated pipe joint on the end coupling connecting with generator rotor, which has certain flexibility, and connects with an minor axis on the other end coupling, and the minor axis covers the generator rotor to transmit the torque by means of interference and key, such semiflexible coupling may allow the unit safety operation not to be affected by slight change in the steam turbine and generator center in installation and operation.
1.4.2 Technical specifications of governing system
1.4.2.1 The governing system is able to keep idle running of steam turbine at rated steam inlet condition, rated vacuum and full open main stop valve, with speed oscillation value ≯ 6r/min. 1.4.2.2 The governing system is able to guarantee stable parallel operation of steam turbine and other units.
1.4.2.3 The governing system is able to control and guarantee the need of steam turbine incorporating into network and adaptation to changes in speed and load.
1.4.2.4 For this unit operating at rated steam conditions and rated speed, the governing system is able to control the turbine speed not to result in the trip of emergency governor as the unit rejects load.
1.4.3 Technical specifications of steam turbine control system 1.4.3.1 This unit has three sets of governors:
Emergency governor handle to be tripped by operator manually for emergency; Mechanical emergency governor to trip at overspeed;
Four governor solenoid valves controlled by ETS, which receive the governing signal of important parameters of steam turbine.
1.4.3.2 System function: 1.4.3.2.1 Governing function:
The governor valve will trip to shut down the turbine for emergency trip as the following parameter exceeds the specified value.
a. Speed rises to 110% of rated speed; b. Axial displacement exceeds ±1.2mm;
c. HP & MP cylinder differential expansion exceeds +8.0 or -3.0mm; d. LP cylinder differential expansion reaches +7.5mm;
e. Lubricating oil pressure is lower than 0.06Mpa;
h. Metal temperature of # bearing 1-3 reaches 112℃, the metal temperature of bearing #4 and #5 reaches 80℃ or the temperature of thrust bearing reaches 107℃;
i. EH oil pressure decreases to 9.31Mpa; j. Power failure to DEH system;
k. Exhaust temperature of LP cylinder reaches 121 ;℃ l. The oil level of the main oil tank is lower than 1245mm; m. MFT of the boiler;
n. Main protection of the generator operates. 1.4.3.2.2 Oil injection test function
1.4.3.2.3 Emergency governor test function 1.4.3.2.4 Steam turbine reset function
1.5 Heat calculation data of the steam turbine
Name Unit Rated
conditions THA TMCR VWO
Cutting off all HP Heaters
Generator end power kW 135,029 135,101 145,005 135,043
Total steam inlet flow of
steam turbine t/h 407.502 410.107 440.000 368.560
Initial steam pressure
/temperature MPa/℃ 13.24/535 13.24/535 13.24/535 13.24/535
HP cylinder exhaust pressure MPa 2.533 2.534 2.724 2.677
HP cylinder exhaust
temperature ℃ 312.1 311.9 317.8 321.6
Reheat steam flow t/h 335.397 335.701 360.968 354.820
Reheat steam pressure
/temperature MPa/℃ 2.33/537 2.332/537 2.506/537 2.463/537
Back pressure kPa 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4
Cooling water temperature ℃ 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1
Feed water temperature ℃ 244.4 244.5 248.8 171.4
Make-up water flow kg/h 0 3 0 0
Flow into condenser t/h 284.081 282.090 303.577 298.143
Heat rate kJ/kWh 8,402.9 8,363.9 8,355.9 8,630.8
Steam rate kg/kWh 3.018 3.036 3.034 2.729
No.1 extraction steam condition MPa/℃ 3.552/354.9 3.56/354.9 3.832/361.4
No.1 extraction flow t/h 22.14 23.051 24.681
No.2 extraction steam condition MPa/℃ 2.457/312.3 2.458/312.1 2.642/317.9
No.2 extraction flow t/h 36.871 38.251 40.589
No.3 extraction steam condition MPa/℃ 0.73/377.9 0.729/377.6 0.784/377.5 0.769/377.1
No.3 extraction flow t/h 8.066 8.47 9.124 9.863
No.4 extraction steam condition MPa/℃ 0.451/315.8 0.45/315.4 0.484/315.3 0.475/315
Name Unit Rated
conditions THA TMCR VWO
Cutting off all HP Heaters No.5 extraction steam condition MPa/℃ 0.251/248.4 0.25/247.8 0.269/247.8 0.264/247.5
No.5 extraction flow t/h 22.097 22.912 24.148 23.568
No.6 extraction steam condition MPa 0.067 0.0665 0.0718 0.0705
No.6 extraction flow t/h 15.801 16.335 17.153 16.775
No.7 extraction steam condition MPa 0.0143 0.0142 0.0152 0.015
No.7 extraction flow t/h 2.905 2.95 3.977 3.621
Note: Turbine Heat Acceptance condition (THA): means the condition in which the unit can operate safely and continuously with generator’s net output power of 135MW when the turbine is under rated initial steam and reheat steam conditions, back pressure is 5.4kP, make-up water percentage is 0%, and regenerative system is put into operation all normally and generator’s efficiency is 98.4％, which heat rate is not more than the acceptance value of 8,402.9kJ/kWh. Turbine maximum continue rate (TMCR): means the condition in which the unit can operate safely and output maximum power when the turbine is under rated initial steam and reheat steam conditions, back pressure is 5.4kP, make-up water percentage is 3%, and regenerative system is put into operation all normally and generator’s efficiency is 98.4％.
Valve Wide Open condition (VWO): means the condition in which the turbine’s steam inlet flow is 440t/h when the turbine’s governing valves are wide open and the other conditions is the same with 2.1.1, which output value is 145.822MW. This condition corresponds to the Boiler Maximum Continue Rate (BMCR).
Chapter 2 Specification of Auxiliary Equipment
2.1 Specification of heater
2.1.1 Specification of HP heater
Item Unit HP heater #2 HP heater #1
Model JG-530-2-00CK JG-530-1-00CK
Design pressure of shell side Mpa 3.0 4.5
Design temperature of shell side ℃ 350/250 390/260
Design pressure of tube side Mpa 20 20
Design temperature of tube side ℃ 250 260
Feed-water Inlet temperature ℃ 172.2 223.9
Feed-water outlet temperature ℃ 223.9 248.8
Working pressure Mpa Tube side 18 Shell side 2.64
Tube side 18 Shell side 3.8318 Working temperature ℃ Shell side 317.9/180 Shell side 361.4/247.8
Manufacturer Qingdao Qingli Boiler Auxiliary Equipment Co., Ltd. 2.1.2 Specification of LP heater
Item Unit LP heater #7 LP heater # 6 LP heater # 5 LP heater # 4 Model JD-220-1-1 JD-300-1-3 JD-300-1-2 JD-300-1-1
Heating surface area M2 200 300 300 300
Design pressure of tube side Mpa 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Design temperature of tube
Design pressure of shell side Mpa 0.05 0.4 0.4 0.5 Design temperature of tube
side ℃ 100 100 260 350
Working pressure of tube side Mpa 1.724 1.724 1.724 1.724 Working pressure of shell side Mpa 0.0152 0.07257 0.2693 0.454
Working temperature of tube
side ℃ 55 69.45 109.05 138.25
Working temperature of shell
side ℃ 55 90.63 129.9 150.6
Manufacturer Shanghai Power Equipment Co., Ltd. 2.1.3 Specification of deaerator and deaerated water tank
2.1.3.1 Specification of deaerator
Class Class I Test pressure 1.374MPa
Model GC-514 Pressure drop of nozzle 0.0588MPa
Design pressure 0.88Mpa (g) Opening pressure of safety valve 0.85MPa
Design temperature 380℃ Operating mode Sliding pressure operation
Max working pressure 0.78Mpa (a) Corrosion allowance (tank
/deaerator) 1.6/2.5mm
Rated output 514t/h Oxygen content of outlet water ≤7PPb Inlet water
temperature 147℃ Outlet water temperature 169.3℃
Manufacturer Qingdao Qingli Boiler Auxiliary Equipment Co., Ltd. 2.1.3.2 Specification of dearated water tank
Class Class I Opening pressure of safety valve 0.85MPa
Type GS-120 Test pressure 1.374MPa
Design pressure 0.88Mpa (g) Effective volume 120m3
Design temperature 380℃ Total volume 140m3
Max working pressure 0.68MPa Corrosion allowance (tank
/deaerator) 1.6/2.5mm Manufacturer Qingdao Qingli Boiler Auxiliary Equipment Ltd.
2.2 Specification of feed-water pump 2.2.1 Feed-water pump and booster pump
Equipment parameter Unit Feed-water pump Booster pump
Model FK5G32 QG500-80
Number of stages stage 5 1
Inlet water flow m3/h 533.3 533.3
Inlet water pressure MPa 1.48 0.6837
Outlet water pressure MPa 19.18 1.48
Shaft power kW 2733.9 128.7
Rotating speed r/min 4686 2982
Working temperature ℃ 166.7 166.7
Medium density kg/m3 900.59 900.59
Intermediate bleed-off pressure (stage 2) MPa 8 Intermediate bleed-off flow m3/h 35.5
Guarantee efficiency % 81.32 80.84
Manufacturer Shanghai Power Equipment
Maintenance Works Co., Ltd. 2.2.2 Specification of feed-water pump motor
2.2.2.1 Specification of feed-water pump motor
Item Unit Specification
Model YKOS3700-2
Rated power kW 3,700
Rated voltage V 6,600
Rated current A 370
Rated speed r/min 2,982
Rated frequency Hz 50
Connection type of stator Y
Insulation class Class F
Power factor COSφ 0.9
Cooling mode Air-cooled
Temperature rise ℃ 80
Manufacturer Shanghai Motor Co., Ltd.
2.2.2.2 Specification of air cooler of feed-water pump motor
Item Unit Specification
Capacity of cooler kW 160
Operating water flow t/h 60
Circuit of cooling water Group 2
Air pressure drop kPa 0.32
Working water pressure MPa 0.2-0.4
Max permitted water pressure MPa 0.5
2.2.3.1 Parameters of hydraulic coupling
Item Unit Specification
Model R17K.2-E
Motor speed r/min 2,986
Output speed r/min 4,783
Max output power kW 3,000
Slip % ≤3
Scope of speed governing % 25-100
Efficiency % 94.7
Capacity of oil tank m3 0.85
Manufacturer Germany VOITH
2.2.3.2 Auxiliary equipment of coupling
Item Unit Auxiliary oil pump Working oil cooler
Lubricating oil cooler
Model CB-B125 LY54 LY16
Oil flow m3/h 7.5 30 17
Pressure MPa 0.25
Cooling surface area m2 54 16
Cooling water flow m3/h 120 27
2.3 Circulating water system
2.3.1 Specification of circulating water pump Specification of circulating water pump
(double pumps in parallel operation)
Specification of circulating water pump motor
Model 44LBXA-23 Model YLKK900-10
Shaft power 770.3 kW Voltage 6,600V
Lift 23m Current 98A
Rotating speed 595 r/min Power 900kW
Flow 10,728t/h Power factor 0.86
Efficiency 87.2% Rotating speed 595r/min
Cooling water of bearing 90m3/h, 0.3MPa
Mini submergence 3m
Manufactured by Changsha Water
Pump Works Manufactured by
Shangyang Electric Machine Co., Ltd. 2.3.2 Automatic back washing strainer
Item Unit Specification
Model ASCS300
Working pressure MPa 0.3
Manufactured by Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute 2.3.3 Circulating water booster pump
Specification of circulating water booster pump Specification of circulating water booster pump motor
Model 10Sh-9A Model Y250M-4
Shaft power 40 kW Voltage 415 V
Lift 30 m Current A
Rotating speed 1,480r/min Power 55 kW
Flow 420 t/h Power factor
Efficiency 80% Rotating speed 1,480 r/min
Manufactured by Shijiazhuang Kingda Pump
Co, Ltd. Manufactured by Xi’an Motor Works 2.3.4 Indoor circulating sump pit blowdown pump
Specification of indoor circulating sump pit blowdown pump
Specification of indoor circulating sump pit blowdown pump motor
Model 40PV-SP Model Y112M-2
Shaft power 3.1kW Voltage 415V
Lift 15m Current A
Rotating speed 1,800 rpm Power 4 kW
Flow 25t/h Power factor
Efficiency 34% Rotating speed 2900 r/min
Manufactured by Shijiazhuang Kingda Pump
Co., Ltd. Manufactured by Xi’an Motor Works 2.3.5 Trash remover of circulating water pump house
Specification of trash remover of circulating water pump house
Specification of trash remover motor of circulating water pump house
Model ZSB-3500 Model BWD5-87-5.5
Water head in operation start 300mm
Max design water head 600mm Voltage 415V
Mesh size 3.5×53 mm Current A
Travelling speed of scrubbing
brush 6~7 m/min Power 5.5 kW
Total Number of scrubbing brush 4 Power factor
Rotating speed of round brush 20.33 r/min Rotating speed 87 rpm
Manufactured by Jiangsu Yihaun
Group Co., Ltd. Manufactured by 2.4 Shaft seal system
2.4.1 Shaft seal
HP & MP seal ring are high & low-tooth labyrinth structure and LP seal ring is flat tooth structure; HP & MP cylinder diaphragm seal is embedded seal, the sealing strip is riveted into the diaphragm with fillet; the seal ring of LP diaphragm seal is mounted in the septalium and fixed
with spring leaf. 2.4.2 Shaft seal heater
Item Unit Specification
Model JQ-50-1
Heating surface area m2 50
Design flow of main
condensate flow m
3/h Total flow, 300 minimum
Design pressure MPa Tube side 3.1, shell side 0.1
Working pressure MPa Tube side 2.00
Test pressure MPa Tube side 3.9, shell side 0.125 Design temperature ℃ Tube side 100, shell side 100 Working temperature ℃ Tube side 60, shell side 100
Net weight t 2.23
2.4.3 Shaft seal fan:
Specification of shaft seal fan Specification of the motor
Model AZY-09.32-020.0-01 Model 132S
Full pressure 9.32kPa Power 7.5kW
Speed 2,900r/min Speed 2,900r/min
Flow 20m3/min Voltage 415V
Manufactured by Zhejiang Yuyao Blower
Plant Manufactured by
Wannan Electric Machine Co., Ltd. 2.5 Condensate and steam extraction system
2.5.1 Specification of condenser
Model N-9000 Cooling water
temperature 32.5℃
Type Single shell, bisection, double
passes and surface type Number of pass 2 Total active cooling
surface area 9,000 m
2 Velocity in cooling
water pipe 2m/s Design pressure of tube
side 0.25MPa
Outer diameter of
cooling water pipe φ25mm Design pressure of shell
side 0.1MPa/Vac
Water resistance
of condenser <45kPa
Test pressure of tube side 0.375MPa Total number of
copper tube 12,760
Cooling water flow 20,200m3/h Net weight 211t
Manufactured by Shanghai Power Equipment Co., Ltd.
Specification of condensate pump Specification of the motor
Model 7LDTNB-6PJS Model YLKK400-4
Flow 350m3/h Power 280kW
Lift 190m Voltage 6,600V
Npsh 2.2m Current 31A
Shaft power 223kW Rotating speed 1,487r/min
Rotating speed 1,487r/min Insulation class F
Manufactured by Shenyang Pump Co.,
Ltd. Manufactured by
Shenyang Electric Machine Works 2.5.3Vacuum pump
Specification of vacuum pump Specification of the motor
Specification of vacuum pump cooler Model: 2BW4 253-0EK4 Model: Y315M-8 Model: M16 Min. suction pressure (min. vacuum degree):
3.3kpa (a) Voltage: 415V
Heat exchange surface area: 9m2
Pumping capacity ≥44kg/h (as inlet pressure of 8.83kpa and cooling water temperature of
32.5 )℃
Power: 75kW
Cooling water inlet temperature:
38 max℃ Rotating speed:740 r/min Rotating speed:
740r/min
Working water flow: 10.2m3/h
Shaft power: 54kw max; 42kw at 8.83kp;
46.5kw at 11.8kpa Rated current: A
Working water inlet temperature: 44.5 ,℃ outlet pressure: 39.5℃ Make-up water flow of separator: 0.5m3/h,
temperature<50℃ Insulation class: F
Cooling water flow: 20~22 m3/h
Manufactured by: Foshang Pump Works Manufactured by: Xiangtan Motor Works
Manufactured by: AF LAVAL
2.5.4 LP heater drain water pump
Specification of LP heater drain water pump Specification of the motor
Model:150NW55-190－000 Model: Y280S-2
Flow: 55 m3/h Power: 75 kW
Lift:190m Voltage: 415 V
Rotating speed: 2,970 r/min Current: A
NPSH: 1.8m Rotating speed: 2,970 r/min
Manufactured by: Shanghai Hualian Pump Co., Ltd.
Manufactured by: Jiamusi Electric Machine Works
2.6 Specification of steam turbine lubricating oil system 2.6.1 Main oil tank
Dimension (length×diameter) 5,810×3,020 mm
Maximum volume 40 m3
Working volume 24 m3
Operating oil level 1,808mm
Maximum oil level 2,616mm
Minimum oil level 1,245mm
Suction level of oil injector 1,045mm 2.6.2 Oil cooler
Model GX-64P
Cooling surface area 240m2
Working temperature Above 0℃
Flow 80l/min
Test pressure 21bar
Empty weight 1,803kg
All-up weight 2,283kg
Manufactured by SWEP PHE AB
2.6.3 Main oil pump
Type Centrifugal type
Capacity 4.5m3/min
Outlet pressure 1.18Mpa (g)
Rotating speed 3,000r/min
2.6.4 Oil injector
Oil injector I II
Outlet oil pressure 0.098Mpa (g) 0.197Mpa (g) 2.6.4 Jacking oil pump
Specification of jacking oil pump Specification of the motor
Model: 25SCY14-1B Model: Y160L
Flow: 25L/min Voltage: 415V
Outlet pressure: 32.0MPa Power: 15kW
Rotating speed:1,500r/min Rotating speed:1,500r/min Operating value of overflow valve: 12.25 Mpa (g) Insulation class: B
Manufactured by: Shanghai HP Oil Pump Works Manufactured by: Shanghai WUYI Electric Company
Specification of AC lubricating oil pump Specification of the motor
Model: YS150-50BⅡ Model: YB180M-2
Water head: 36m Power: 22kW
Flow: 133m3/h Voltage: 415V
Rotating speed: 2950r/min Current: 42.2A
NPSH: 4.5m Insulation class: F
Manufactured by: Shanghai Pump Works Manufactured by Shanghai Wuyi Electric Machine Works
2.6.6 DC lubricating oil pump
Specification of DC lubricating oil pump Specification of the motor
Model: YSI50-50BⅡ Model: Z2-62
Lift: 36m Power: 22kW
Flow:133m3/min Rotating speed: 3,000r/min
Rotating speed: 2,950r/min Current: 114.2A
NPSH: 4.5m Insulation class: B
Manufactured by: Shanghai Pump Works Manufactured by Hangzhou Hengli Electric Machine Manufactory
2.6.7 Exhaust blower of main oil tank
Specification of the exhaust blower Specification of the motor
Model: GXP-Ⅱ－155 Model: Y100L-2
Air flow: 0.32m3/s Power: 3kW
Total pressure: 4.5kPa Voltage: 415V
Matched power: 3kW Current: 6.4A
Rotating speed: 2,960 r/min Insulation class: B Manufactured by: Mudanjiang Aidi Electric Power
Technology Co., Ltd.
Manufactured by: Hebei Chengde Electric Machine Works 2.6.8 Specification of the oil purifying equipment
Model: HCP100 380 50 AS-SD Power: 3.0kW
Voltage: 415V Max current: 8.2A Flow: 100l/min
System working pressure: <1.0MPa Operating temperature: -10~60℃ Max viscosity of treating medium: ≤46cSt
Water discharge: About 5 L/time Manufacturer: PaLL Filter Ltd. 2.6.9Turning gear
Model horizontal Motor capacity 37 kW Rated voltage AC 415V Motor speed 1,480 r/min Turning speed 7~8 r/min
2.7 Specification of sponge ball cleaning pump
Item Sponge ball cleaning pump
Pump
Model 125JQ-15
Shaft power 11 kW
Lift 15 mH2O
Flow 90 t/h
Rotating speed 1,460 r/min
Manufacturer Qingdao Huatai Electric Equipment Co., Ltd,
Motor
Model Y160M-4
Voltage 415 V
Current 22.6A
Power 11 kW
Rotating speed 1,460 r/min
Manufacturer Rongchen Daxing Electric Machine Works 2.8 EH oil system
Specification of EH oil pump Specification of the motor Specification of oil cooler Code: 029-09941-5 Model: Y200L-4 B35 Model: GL02 Model: PV29 2R50 COO Power: 30kW Working pressure: 1.6MPa Outlet pressure: 13.7MPa Voltage: 415V Working temperature:
≤100℃ Setting value of overflow
valve:16.2MPa
Current: 56.8A Cooling surface area: 2.1m2
Rotating speed: 1,470r/min Manufactured by: Shanghai Lubricating Equipment Plant Manufactured by Shanghai Wuyi
Item Unit Specification
Model YQL- 150Ⅱ
Rated air flow m3/min 40
Voltage V 415
Power kW 150
Outlet temperature ℃ 400
Working pressure MPa 0.8
Dimension 2500×1800×1900
Manufactured by Jiangsu Yangzhong Huangneng Electric Power Equipment Plant 2.10 Specification of bypass system
Item Unit Pressure reducing
valve of HP bypass Attemperating water valve of HP bypass Pressure reducing valve of LP bypass Attemperating water valve of LP bypass Rated flow t/h 308 50.42 358 109.3
Design inlet pressure MPa 14.29 21.2 3.03 2.5
Design outlet pressure MPa 3.03 21.2 1.0 2.5
Design inlet
temperature ℃ 545 200 545 80
Design outlet
temperature ℃ 337 200 160 80
Inlet working pressure MPa 13.73 17.3 2.331 1.85
Outlet working pressure MPa 2.534 7.3 0.6 1.48 Inlet working temperature ℃ 537 166.7 537 43.4 Outlet working temperature ℃ 312.3 166.7 160 43.4
Manufactured by Shanghai CCI Power Control Equipment Co., Ltd.
The two-stage series connection bypass system is adopted, in which, the flow capacity of HP pass is considered as 70% of steam flow under VWO condition and the flow capacity of LP bypass is considered as the sum of HP bypass flow plus HP bypass attemperating water flow.
2.11 Specification of air cylinder:
Design pressure: 1.0 MPa Design temperature: 100℃ Maximum working pressure: 0.98 MPa
Working temperature: normal temperature Working medium : air
Test pressure: 1.25 MPa
Chapter 1 Cold Start of the Unit
1.1 General rules of start-up
1.1.1 Division of the start-up state
According to the inner wall temperature in upper half where HP inner cylinder governing stage is located, the start-up state of steam turbine is divided into:
a. Cold state:below 150℃ b. Warm state: 150~300℃ c. Hot state: 300~400℃ d. Very hot state: above 400 ℃
1.1.2 The turbine is not permitted to start in any case as follows:
1) Eccentricity of rotor exceeds original value by 30µm (original value is measured after installation or overhaul).
2) Emergency governor operates abnormally or overspeed protection fails in operating reliably. 3) One of HP & MP automatic main stop valve, speed governing valve, steam extraction check valve or HP exhaust check valve was choked and fails in closing tightly.
4) Emergency governor operates as a result of turbine governing system failure in maintaining idle running or controlling the rotation speed after load rejection.
5) There is clear friction sound occurred to the rotating parts of turbine and generator or the current of turning gear increases obviously and oscillates greatly.
6) The temperature difference between upper and lower part of cylinder exceeds 50 .℃ 7) The differential expansion of turbine reaches limit value.
8) The monitoring function of main parameters fails (including rotating speed, vibration, axial displacement, differential expansion, lubricating oil pressure, lubricating oil temperature, EH oil pressure, bearing metal temperature, bearing return oil temperature, thrust bearing pad temperature, pressure and temperature of initial steam and reheat steam, vacuum of condenser, pressure switch of control system, metal temperature of main cylinders and etc.).
9) Any safety protection or system fails or unit protection operating values are not in accordance with stipulation.
10) Any one of the following equipment has fault or the corresponding interlock protection test is unqualified: starting oil pump, AC (DC) lubricating oil pump, jacking oil pump, turning gear, EH oil pump.
11) The oil level of main oil tank and EH oil tank is lower than the limit value or the oil quality and cleanliness are unqualified. Lubricating oil inlet temperature is abnormal and return oil temperature is overhigh.
12) Water seeps through the turbine.
13) Quality of water and steam are not in accordance with requirements. 14) Heat preservation of the unit is imperfect.
15) Other auxiliary equipment or system fails in operation.
1.2 Preparations for start-up
1.2.1 Checking and preparations prior to unit start-up
1) All maintenance works were finished and all work sheets were reclaimed with detailed records of maintenance;
2) The site is clean and the pass is unobstructed and lighting is good; 3) The unit is good through interlock protection test and test prior to start-up;
4) There is no jamming in the rotating parts of all auxiliary equipment. Bearing lubricating oil, cooling water and sealing water system are normal;
5) All water and oil level meters are in operation;
6) Cooling tower and vacuum pump separator have been made up to normal water level;
7) The oil level of turbine main oil tank and EH oil tank is normal, oil circulation is good and oil quality is qualified. The oil level of all power equipment is normal;
8) The industrial water system has been put into operation and is normal; 9) The rotating machine is normal through trial run part by part;
10) The compressed air system for instrument has been put into operation and is normal;
11) The feed water system is to be checked for normal and the auxiliary oil pumps of feed water pump A and B are to be started;
12) Position of valve is to be checked for correct;
13) The condenser and deaerator have been filled with water and water quality is qualified through test;
14) Instrument and tools used in operation are to be prepared and checked; 1.2.2 Tests prior to turbine start-up (after overhaul and minor repair of unit) 1) Static test of turbine governing system;
2) ETS test of turbine;
3) Major interlock test of the unit;
4) Interlock test of starting oil pump, AC lubricating oil pump and DC lubricating oil pump of turbine, and interlock test of jacking oil pump and exhaust fan of main oil tank;
5) Interlock test of feed water pump; 6) Interlock test of circulating water pump; 7) Interlock test of vacuum pump;
9) Interlock test of EH oil pump;
10) Protection test of HP& LP heater and deaerator;
11) ON/OFF tests of all motor-operated valves, and pneumatical valves and hydraulic valves; 12) Interlock test of HP & LP bypass devices;
13) Interlock test of circulating water booster pump;
14) Interlock test of inner cooling water pump;
15) Interlock test of LP heater drain water pump; 16) Interlock test of shaft seal fan;
17) Interlock protection test of steam extraction check valves.
1.3 Start-up of auxiliary equipment and system of unit
1.3.1 Put the industrial water system into operation.1.3.2 Put the circulating water system into operation. 1.3.3 Put the compressed air system into operation.
1.3.4 Put the auxiliary steam system into operation that is operating normally. 1.3.5 Put the condensate water system into operation.
1.3.6 Put the feed water deaerating system into operation, fill the deaerator with water and put heater into operation.
1.3.7 Start the AC lubricating oil pump of turbine to make oil circulate until the oil quality is qualified through test, start the starting oil pump and shut down the AC lubricating oil pump. Put the AC and DC lubricating oil pump to “Automatic” position and increase the oil temperature to above 35 .℃
1.3.8 Put the EH oil system into operation to make oil circulate until oil quality is qualified through test. Maintain the oil temperature inside the system within the range of 43~54 .℃
1.3.9 Put the jacking oil system into operation and put continuous turning of unit into operation after the jacking oil pressure of all bearings is normal through checking. The unit shall be put into continuous turning operation for at least more than 4 hours prior to the turbine start-up.
1.3.10 Check the Air cooler system is ok.
1.3.11 Put the generator’s air cooling system into operation.
1.3.12 Start the vacuum pump to build up vacuum of condenser to 30kPa.
1.3.13 After warming up of shaft seal pipe by water drain is normal, start the shaft seal fan to put the shaft seal system of turbine into operation. The LP cylinder shaft seal steam temperature shall be within the range of 121~177 . Inform the boiler staff to ignite the boiler when the℃ vacuum of condenser reaches 70kPa.
1.3.14 Ignite the boiler to increase temperature and pressure.
1.3.15 Put the bypass system (first the LP bypass and then HP bypass) into operation after warming up the piping. Put the bypass automatic control into operation.
1.3.16 Start the feed water pump according to the water level of steam drum. The water goes via bypass valve of the HP heaters. Adjust the water flow with feed water bypass (or conduct water filling with condensate water-filling pipe). Close the recirculation valve of economizer in water filling.
1.3.17 Timely open the water filling valve of HP heater after feed water pump start to ensure the HP heater has the condition of put-in of water side.
1.3.18 The up rate of temperature and pressure shall be as per the requirement of boiler cold start.
1.3.19 When the initial steam pressure reaches 0.1Mpa, check and confirm the drain valve before the main stop valve is in open position, check the tightness of HP & MP main stop valves and HP exhaust check valves to prevent cold water and steam from going into the turbine;
1.3.20 When the pressure rises to 0.5~1.0Mpa, advise the chemical staff to test the steam quality to decide whether to put continuous blowdown flash tank into operation according to chemical treatment requirement.
1.3.21 The turbine can be impulsed when the steam pressure rises to 1.5~1.6Mpa, initial steam temperature to 360℃, reheat steam temperature to 300℃, the temperature difference between initial steam side and reheat steam side is not more than 17℃, the steam quality is qualified through test grade and all parts of boiler are normal.
1.4 Impulsing of turbine
1.4.1 Check if the turbine protection ETS system is put into operation normally. 1.4.2 Check if the display of DEH panel is normal.
1.4.3 Condition and preparation for unit impulsing 1.4.3.1 Steam conditions of turbine cold impulsing:
Initial steam pressure: 1.5~1.6Mpa; Initial steam temperature: 360 ;℃
Reheat steam temperature: 300 (the temperature of the initial steam and reheat steam℃ shall have the superheat degree of 50 at corresponding pressure);℃
Temperature difference between initial steam side and reheat steam side <17 ;℃ Vacuum: above 70 kPa;
Oil temperature: about 35 ~ 42 .℃
1.4.3.2 Check the initial steam pressure and temperature on DCS and DEH that shall meet the requirement of turbine impulsing;
is not less than 4 hours;
1.4.3.4 Water side of both HP and LP heater are into operation, HP and LP heater start along with the turbine prior to turbine impulsing.
1.4.3.5 Make sure all drain valves from turbine proper to the drain water flash tank are opened, water flows through HP and LP heater normally; heater drain water system adopts automatic flow stage by stage, and all heater motor-operated emergency drain valves are on “Auto” condition; 1.4.3.6 Maintain the vacuum of condenser above 80kPa;
1.4.3.7 Check if the water spraying system of LP cylinder is on “Auto” position and the pressure of condensate is normal;
1.4.3.8 Check if the recirculation valve of feed water pump is on “Auto” position.
1.4.3.9 Control of the drain valves of turbine proper and initial & reheat steam piping is on “Auto”; 1.4.3.10 Check if the turbine lubricating oil temperature is within 38~42 ;℃
1.4.3.11 Turbine lubricating oil pressure is 0.08~0.147Mpa, and oil pressure of EH oil system is normal;
1.4.3.12 Check if the eccentricity of shaft is ≯ 0.076mm and exceed the original value by 0.03mm;
1.4.3.13 Check if the differential expansion of turbine is normal;
1.4.3.14 Check if the temperature difference between of upper and lower cylinder of turbine is normal.
1.4.3.15 Check the “Emergency governor handle” on turbine head that shall have been pulled to “Reset” position.
1.4.4 Operation of “Operator Auto Mode” impulsing
1.4.4.1 Put the “Operator Auto” on “IN” in “Control Mode”. Click the button MODE on the upper left side of the “DEN OVERVIEW” picture, then the sub-picture “CONTROL MODE” will appear. Click the button “OA” and click button “IN” within 3 seconds to put in the Operator Auto Mode. 1.4.4.2 Reset the low pressure safety oil emergency governor on the head of turbine and check if the low pressure safety oil is normal;
1.4.4.3 Click “LATCH” button of hand-controlled panel on control panel “DEH MAN PANNEL” to reset the unit. After turbine reset, check the indicator of governor “TRIPPED” that shall change into “LATCHED” reset indicator.
1.4.4.4 Open the “Limit Value” picture to input valve limit value 120% and click button “GO”, check if the valve limit value is set normally and locally check if safety oil pressure is normal. Click the main stop valve opening button “TVOPN” on the control panel “DEH MAN PANNEL”, and locally check if HP & MP main stop valves are wide open and check if the HP & MP governing valves are
closed after the picture displays that HP & MP main stop valve are wide open.
1.4.4.5 Set the target speed at 500rpm and speed up rate at 50rpm/min on the set value sub-picture “CTRL SP”, press button “GO”, here the turbine starts to impulse and speed up, check the turbine speed that shall rise step by step.
1.4.4.6 Check the turning gear that shall trip automatically to stop turning motor when the speed is > 60r/min.
1.4.4.7 Check and open the high pressure exhaust check valves, extraction check valve 1, 2, 4 and 5, open steam extraction motor-operated valve 1, 2, 4, 5 (1 and 2 may not be opened when HP heater does not start along with the turbine) and put interlock into operation.
1.4.4.8 Press the button “HOLD” hold the speed when turbine speeds up to 500r/min, check the operating condition of turbine in an all round way and warm the turbine for 4 min at a low speed: a. Listen to check if the sound of rotating parts of the turbine-generator unit is normal;
b. Check if all bearings’ temperature and return oil temperature, vibration and oil flow are normal, and pay attention to checking and governing lubricating oil temperature within the range of 38~42 ;℃
c. Check if the water spray valve of LP cylinder has been opened really, the control switch is on “Auto” and LP cylinder exhaust temperature is < 80 ;℃
d. DEH & check locally to confirm: Rotor eccentricity <0.076mm; Rotor Vibration <76μm;
Axial displacement within ±1.0mm;
Indication of absolute expansion of cylinder is normal;
Temperature difference between the upper and lower HP cylinder < 50℃ Superheat degree of initial steam is
≥
50℃.1.4.4.9 Continue to set the target speed at 2,500 r/min and speed up rate at 40rpm/min. Jacking oil pump A and B shall stop automatically when the speed reaches 1,500r/min, otherwise stop them manually;
1.4.4.10 Time of turbine speed up and warming is distributed as follows:
Rotating speed r/min
Time (min) Temperature of HP stator lower carrier
( )℃ Overall expansion of cylinder mm Vacuum of condenser Mpa (a) Speed up Stay Hold 300~500 10 4 60 1 0.0347 From 500 to 2,500 50 4 130 3.5 0.0213
From 2,500 to 2,960 10 2 Above 150 5~6 Full
vacuum
network vacuum It requires about 90 min from impulsing to full speed.
1.4.4.11 Make speed up to 2,500 r/min by the operating procedure above-mentioned and warm up the turbine for 4 min:
a. Reinforce the checking and adjustment of all parts of the turbine during the whole speed-up process, press the button “HOLD” on the DEH picture if any control value approaches the upper limit and warming up is required during speed-up process, but it is prohibited to warm up in the resonance region. The operator shall closely monitor the vibration of the unit;
b. Check if the pressure and flow of cooling water of generator’s air cooler are normal, if the cold air temperature of steam end is essentially the same with that of slip ring end of generator in idle running.
1.4.4.12 Continue to make speed up until 2,960r/min at a speed up rate of 50rpm/min by the operating procedure above mentioned and perform checking. Pay attention to checking the operating condition of main oil pump and confirming it is operating normally when the speed is up to 2,800 r/min.
1.4.4.13 If everything is normal thorough check, continue to make speed up until 3000rpm, after all parts of turbine are normal through an overall check, locally check the high pressure exhaust check valves that shall be opened;
1.4.4.14 Perform oil injection test, valve leak test and electric overspeed test to the turbine as required, it is required to ensure the unit is qualified through oil injection test and local & remote trip test and operates on load for more than 4 hours.
1.4.4.15 Perform local and remote trip test to the turbine.
1.4.4.16 Check the main oil pump locally if its outlet oil pressure of is 1.18Mpa, inlet oil pressure is 0.098~0.3Mpa and operation is normal.
1.4.4.17 Check if AC and DC lubricating oil pump interlock are on Auto position, after main oil pump operates normally through check, stop the starting oil pump and confirm the starting oil pump interlock is on Auto position.
1.4.4.18 Check if lubricating oil pressure, EH oil pressure and temperature are normal.
1.5 Unit incorporation into power network & initial load on
1.5.1 Generator synchronous paralleling
Hold the speed of unit at 3000rpm and perform an overall check, if everything is normal, advise the electric personnel to parallel in the generator. After the electric test ends and the automatic synchronization conditions are fulfilled (with speed at 2950~3050rpm) and upon receiving the signal “ASPERM” from electric personnel, press the button “MODE” on the upper left of DEH
control picture, then MODE sub-picture will appear, press the button and click button “IN” within 3 seconds to put “AUTOSYNCHRONIZATION” control mode into operation, the main picture will display enter the mode “AS” at the same time.
1.5.2 Checking after generator paralleling in and precautions in load on
1) After paralleling in, the generator is to have 5% active load and to a certain amount of inactive load on to maintain the generator voltage and warm up the unit.
2) After paralleling in, gradually close the high and low pressure bypass according to the pressure and temperature of steam.
1.5.3 Unit is to have initial load on for 5-10 min for warming up.
1) After paralleling in, the unit is to have initial load on 6~7MW load (5% of rated load), hold the steam conditions for 5 min to observe if the unit system is normal as having little load on.
2) Put the primary FM control circuit into operation as the case may require. 3) Checking & operation during warming up with initial load:
A. The unit can operate with initial load for 5-10 min stably as the case may require;
B. Warm the steam extraction # 3 to make preparation for steam supply of auxiliary header; C. Check if the temperature of generator stator core and coil are normal;
D. Check if the turbine vibration, differential expansion, cylinder expansion, axial displacement, each bearing metal temperature, return oil temperature, lubricating oil pressure and differential temperature between upper and lower wall of cylinder are normal.
E. Put the water level control into “Auto” after the water level of deaerator becomes stable. F. Check if the HP and LP heater operation are normal.
1.6 Load up
1.6.1 After warming up with initial load ends, check if the turbine cylinder expansion is normal without jamming;
1.6.2 Put the governing stage pressure circuit into operation as the case may require in the process of load up;
1.6.3 Make the load up to 13.5MW (10% of rated load) by means of valve position at a load up rate of 0.6MW/min.
1.6.4 Check if the auto operation of bypass system is normal, bypass valves close gradually with rise of unit parameters.
1.6.5 When the load is up to 13.5MW (10% of rated load), steam pressure to 2.0~3.5 Mpa, initial steam temperature to 450℃, reheat steam temperature to 400 and the temperature of HP℃ stator lower carrier to 390℃, check if the drain valve at upstream of MP combined valve closed automatically, if not, close it manually.
automatically according to LP cylinder exhaust temperature, if not, close it manually. It may put the unit power control circuit into operation at this time.
1.6.7 When the load reaches 27MW (20% rated load):
A. Check if the initial steam pressure is 4~5 Mpa, temperature is 470 and reheat steam℃ temperature is 430 ;℃
B. Check if the drain valve at downstream of MP combined valve closed automatically, if not, close it manually;
1.6.8 When the feed water pump flow is >280t/h, confirm the recirculation motor-operated valve of feed water pump closed by interlocking;
1.6.9 Open the sub-picture controlling set value on DEH control picture to set the target load at 60MW and load up rate at 1.3MW/min, press the button GO to make load of unit continue to go up.
1.6.10 When the pressure of extraction #3 is > 0.25Mpa, open the extraction #3 to the motor-operated valve of deaerator; and close gradually the auxiliary steam header to deaerator, here the deaerator operates in sliding pressure mode;
1.6.11 When the steam side pressure of No.2 HP heater is 0.3 MPa higher than that of deaerator, change the water drain of HP heater into the deaerator; close the water drain of HP heater valve to condenser valve, slightly open the HP heater No.1 and No.2 to the air valve of deaerator. When the pressure of steam extraction #3 is > 0.3 Mpa, change the steam supply of the auxiliary header into the steam extraction #3 of this unit.
1.6.12 As the load reaches 54MW (40% rated load), initial steam pressure to 7Mpa and temperature to 470℃ and reheat steam temperature to 450 , start one LP drain water pump℃ according to the water level of LP heater, close water drain of LP heater to drain valve of condenser, and put the auto control of drain into operation when the water level is adjusted to be normal.
1.6.13 When the load reaches 121.5MW (90% of rated load), steam conditions shall be up to nominal parameters in which initial steam pressure is 13.24Mpa, initial and reheat steam temperature are 535 :℃
1.6.13.1 From warming up with initial load to 90% of rated load, the time of steam conditions reaching the ratings shall be controlled at 120 min;
1.6.13.2 Put the “Initial Steam Pressure Control” into operation on the DEH panel as the case may require after initial steam pressure reaches the rating;
1.6.14 Change the control mode of valves from “Single Valve Control” to “Sequence Valve Control” after the unit load reaches over 50MW, and pay attention to the change in load in
changeover.
1.6.15 Continue to make load up until 135MW, perform an overall check and report the check results to the unit supervisor.
1.7 Precautions in unit start-up
1.7.1 Pay attention to the operating condition of all automatic governing devices, change into manual governing control if any fault or poor governing, and contact the thermodynamic personnel to treat.
1.7.2 Pay attention to listening if the unit sound is normal.
1.7.3 Pay attention to checking if water level of condenser, deaerator and HP&LP heater are within normal range.
1.7.4 In load up, monitor if the generator air temperature is normal and adjust the rotor water inlet pressure to normal in time.
1.7.5 As vibration over critical speed exceeds 0.254mm, but protection refuses to operation, trip to shut down the turbine manually, put continuous turning into operation, measure shaft deflection, find out cause and remove fault, restart the unit, the duration of continuous turning operation shall be > 4hours.
1.7.6 If the initial steam temperature rises or lowers by over 50 within 10 min in start-up, it is℃ required to trip to shut down the turbine immediately.
1.7.7 During turbine speed up, if it is required to hold the speed of turbine, press the button “HOLD” on DEH control panel. If the turbine is within the range of resonance speed, reduce the speed quickly to below the range of resonance speed and then hold it.
1.7.8 Rotor eccentricity: as the turbine speed is lower than 600r/min, monitor the rotor eccentricity which value shall be <0.076mm, turbine impulsing is not permitted as the rotor eccentricity reaches this value.
1.7.9 Vibration: when the speed reaches over 600r/min, monitor the bearing vibration. It can be regarded as qualified if bearing vibration ≯0.076mm. When the speed is lower than 1300r/min, it shall be regarded as qualified if pad vibration ≯0.03mm, it is necessary to trip to shut down the turbine in excess of 0.03mm. It is necessary to trip to shut down the turbine as the pad vibration exceeds 0.1mm over critical speed (or vibration increases suddenly with abnormal noise if not up to 0.05mm).
1.7.10 Differential expansion:
Positive differential expansion of HP & MP cylinder must not exceed +8mm, and it is necessary to shut down the unit immediately if so; negative differential expansion of HP & MP cylinder must not be less than -3mm and it is necessary to shut down the turbine immediately if up to -3mm; in
differential expansion alarm, and shut down the turbine as up to the shutdown value. 1.7.11 Absolute expansion of cylinder:
In start-up, pay attention to monitoring the absolute expansion of cylinder and compare with the same in the first start-up to prevent cylinder expansion from being obstructed, cylinder shall expands continuously with jamming, if expansion is abnormal, it is required to reinforce warming up, find out and remove the cause.
1.7.12 Differential temperature between upper and lower part of the cylinder: must not be more than 50 .℃
1.7.13 Axial displacement: must not exceed ±1mm. Shut down the turbine as up to ±1.2mm. 1.7.14 LP cylinder exhaust temperature: must not exceed 80℃ (alarm value), shut down the turbine as up to 121℃.
1.7.15 Metal temperature and return oil temperature of all bearings:
(1) Normally return oil temperature of all bearings shall be below 75℃; shut down the turbine as up to 80℃;
(2) Outlet oil temperature of oil cooler is within 38℃~42 ;℃
(3) Metal temperature of journal bearing ＃1~3 shall be below 107℃; shut down the turbine as up to 113℃; the metal temperature of journal bearing ＃ 4~5 shall be below 75℃, shut down the turbine as up to 80℃;
(4) Metal temperature of thrust bearing shall not be higher than 99 ; shut down the turbine℃ immediately as up to 107 ;℃
(5) Lubricating oil pressure is within 0.09~0.15Mpa.
1.7.16 Before the unit impulsing, adjust the initial and reheat steam parameters to meet the start-up requirements by bypass, generally these is no need to adjust the parameters in the process of unit speed up so as not to affect the rotating speed. After the unit paralleling in, check if the automatic control of bypass is normal and pay attention to that the tracking of attemperating water shall be normal; the adjustment of the opening extent of HP & LP bypass shall be based on the need of boiler to prevent too acute oscillation of MP governing valve as a result of too high steam pressure of boil side and too large opening of bypass, at the same time pay attention to the pressure difference before and after HP exhaust steam check valve to prevent it from being closed and causing chocking.
1.7.17 Strictly monitor the water level of HP & LP heater, deaerator and condenser in the process of start-up.
1.7.18 Temperature rise & decrease rate
Name Temperature rise rate decrease rate Temperature Temperature of initial steam <2~2.5 /min℃ <1.5 /min℃
Temperature of reheat steam <3~3.5 /min℃ <2.5 /min℃ Outer wall of initial and reheat steam pipe 8℃/min
Outer wall of steam valve 4~6℃/min
Flange wall of cylinder 2~2.5℃/min
1.7.19 Temperature difference
Name Unit In temperature
rise
In temperature decrease Temperature difference between upper
and lower part wall of HP & MP outer cylinder stator carrier
℃ <30
Temperature difference between upper and lower par of HP & MP outer cylinder and flange
℃ <50 <40
Temperature difference between upper and lower part of HP & MP outer cylinder
℃ <50
Temperature difference between initial
steam and reheat steam ℃ 40~70 <40
Temperature difference between left
Chapter 2 Warm & Hot Start of the Unit
2.1 Preparations prior to boiler ignition
2.1.1 Prior to boiler ignition, the check and preparation of turbine system are the same with section 1.1 and 1.2 of Cold Start;
2.1.2 The systems to be put into operation prior to turbine start-up are the same with section 1.3 of Cold Start;
2.1.3 The following rules shall be observed in warm & hot start of unit besides the requirements for Cold Start.
1) Supply steam to shaft seal while the turning gear is in operation, and then start the vacuum pumps to vacuumize the condenser. Drain water sufficiently in the process of supplying steam to shaft seal to raise the temperature of shaft seal to make the shaft seal steam temperature approach the shaft seal housing temperature and its temperature difference with HP shaft seal housing not exceed 30℃ to prevent bearing journal from cooling as supplying shaft seal steam and resulting in bending of shaft.
2) The outlet oil temperature of oil cooler shall be maintained comparatively higher and generally not lower than 40 .℃
3) In order to prevent untight HP auto main stop valve, speed governing valve and MP combined valve from resulting in automatic impulsing of turbine or high temperature parts being cooled down, so it is inappropriate to maintain the vacuum of condenser and initial steam pressure too high.
4) In the case where there is excess pressure in boiler, the extraction system must be put into operation to set up the vacuum of condenser prior to boiler ignition so as to prevent the exhaust rupture disk of LP cylinder from operating.
2.2 Boiler ignition
2.2.1 The start-up procedure of boiler follows that of Cold start and temperature & pressure rise follows the Hot Start Curve of turbine.
2.2.2 For hot start, pay attention to maintaining the parameters stable as up to impulsing parameters.
2.3 Impulsing speed up of turbine
2.3.1 Preparations prior to turbine impulsing2.3.1.1 Keep continuous turning time more than 4 hours prior to impulsing with the shaft eccentricity of less than 0.076mm.
2.3.1.2 Feed water pump shall be in good standby condition.
2.3.1.3 Drain water to warm up pipe sufficiently prior to supplying steam to shaft seal, it is strictly prohibited to let cold steam and water in the shaft seal system of turbine, and adjust the temperature of shaft seal to normal.
2.3.1.4 Check of DEH panel (procedures as Cold Start)
2.3.2 Fix impulsing parameters as per the following table according to cylinder temperature:
Item Warm state Hot state Remarks
upperr half metal temperature of HP inner cylinder ( )℃
150~300 300~400
Initial steam temperature ( )℃
At least 50℃ higher than the lower half metal temperature of HP stator carrier
At least 50℃ higher than the lower half metal temperature of HP stator carrier With 50℃ superheat degree under corresponding pressure Reheat steam temperature ( )℃
At least 30℃ higher than the lower flange metal temperature of MP cylinder
At least 30℃ higher than the lower flange metal temperature of MP cylinder With 50℃ superheat degree under corresponding pressure Time from impulsing to full speed (min) 50 10 Max speed in speed up (r/min) 100 450
Must not be more than 500
2.3.3 Impulsing speed up of turbine:
2.3.3.1 Checking and tripping operation of DEH panel are the same with that of Cold Start; 2.3.3.2 Fix the impulsing time and speed up rate according to cylinder temperature;
2.3.3.3 Other operations and checking in the process of turbine speed up are the same with that of Cold Start.
2.3.3.4 Because HP automatic main stop valve, speed governing valve, MP combined valve and steam lead pipe, etc. parts can cool quickly after shutdown, pay attention to the temperature rise rate of them in start-up to prevent excessive heating and pay attention to the vibration of unit.