HV Circuit Breakers

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_{CPV2 Circuit Switcher} 



Low cost protection device



Proven, global components

−

FA2 and FA4 Mechanisms

−

3AP arc-assist interrupter 



Designed & Tested for capacitor bank

switching



Continuous current rating 1200 – 3150

amps.



Interrupting rating up to 40 kA



3 cycle operation



Wide variety of phase spacing and

heights

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_{CPV2 Circuit Switcher} 

 Meets the requirements of ANSI C37

 Seismically qualified

 Leak rate <1% per year

 6000 mechanical operations  3000 operations at 6kA

 18 full faults at 40kA  Ease of installation  No field adjustments  Integral accessories:

− visible disconnect switch

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_{SPS2 Performance Features}

 Up to 63kA without

capacitors (145kV and below)

 Up to 68kA at 245kV

 Up to 4000 Amp Continuous

Current

 10,000 mechanical operations

 3,000 operations at 6kA

 18 full faults at 40kA

 Leak rate <1% per year

 Up to -30 º to 55 º C without

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Siemens Experience : The 3AP

interrupter 

 Over 90,000 pole units installed throughout the world

 Superior performance

−

18 full faults

−

6000 operations at 6kA

−

10,000 mechanical operations

 No solid insulation across contacts

 Increased dielectric strength across interrupters

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_{FA2/4 Mechanism}

 Proven performance in the field

 30,000 installations worldwide

 Tested to 20,000 operations or 10,000

Close-Open operations

 Used on Siemens live tank and dead

tank breakers, GIS and circuit switchers

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_{SPS2 - Options}

 Up to 18 current transformers

 Metering / Relaying accuracy CT’s

 Extra creepage bushings

 Composite bushings

 High seismic withstand

 External pull to trip handle

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_{New / Future Offerings}

−

Increase kA Rating with higher low ambient

−

Solon 2TC Density Switch

−

Synchronous Close

−

550kV Dead Tank

−

Polymer Bushing for 230kV, 3000Amp

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_{Controlled Switching}

Ungrounded Capacitor bank

+

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_{Synchrounous Close - Main functions}



Output of controlled (synchronous) switching commands

to the closing coil of the circuit breaker



Reduction of the inrush currents

−

Decreasing of the mechanical and electro-magnetic

stresses of the operational equipment -> increasing

of their life time



Minimising of overvoltages

−

Decreasing of the dielectric stress -> lower ageing

−

Substitution of closing resistors -> higher reliability

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Circuit Breaker Type SPS2X_US



One Mechanism



One gear box located

between A- and B- phase

operating linkage



Two phases close at the

same time, one phase

mechanically staggered

Available on:



SPS2 72.5/40 US



SPS2 145/40 US



SPS2 145/63 US



SPS2 245/63 US

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Control of the Closing Instant

PSD Controller receive a closing command related to Voltage Zero Crossing

PSD Controller calculate delay time depending on:

−

Arcing Time

−

Mechanical closing Time

−

Control Voltage

−

Ambient temperature

Adaptive Mode

−

PSD Controller calculate the standardized mechanical operating time of the last

3 switching operations , using weighting factors for each 3 previous operations for the next switching operation to be configured automatically.

−

The basis for the functioning of the adaptive control is the reference contacts

located on each phase operating lever. The reference contact signal indicate a change to the CB switching position.

Operate in case of sensor failure

−

If not all conditions for successful control of the switching instant are met, the

PSD can be configured to: Not forward a command or Operate in any case.

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Common Circuit-Breaker Design

for: GIS/HIS/Dead-Tank

Platform 550 kV Circuit-Breaker 

GIS/HIS/Dead-Tank

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Platform 550 kV Circuit-Breaker 3AP2/3 Dead-Tank

Porcelain bushing Current transformer Circuit-breaker Spring operator 8240 (324,4) 5600 (220,5) 3570 (140,5)

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Platform 550 kV Circuit-Breaker 3AP2/3 Dead-Tank

8570 (337) 5750 (226,4) Composite bushing Current transformer Circuit-breaker Spring operator 3540 (139,4)

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Platform 550 kV Circuit-Breaker 

3AP2/3 Dead-Tank with Closing Resistors

Capacitor Interrupter unit Rupture disc

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Surge Arresters

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Surge Arresters

Introduction and General Information



Experience of more than...



75 years with surge protective devices



25 years with metal-oxide surge arresters



15 years with polymer (silicone) insulated high-voltage arresters



Porcelain, polymer (silicone) and GIS arresters up to 800 kV



Special applications for ...



SC, SVC and HVDC



seismic, heavy wind loads or heavy pollution conditions



customer specific designs, e.g. mounting configuration, etc.



MV such as plug-in arresters, traction vehicles,

generator protection, limiters



Developing, manufacturing and testing in accordance with

international standards as IEC and ANSI

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High Voltage Arresters up to 800 kV

Series 3EL, 3EP, 3EQ, 3ES

3EP4 3EP2 3EP3 3EQ1 3EQ3 3ES2 3ES5 3ES7, 3ES9 3EQ4 3EX5 030 3EX6 040 3EX5 050 3EX5 060/62 3EL2

Silicone

Porcelain

GIS

Monitoring

Devices

Silicone

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Low- and Medium Voltage Arresters

Series 3EA, 3EB, 3EC, 3EE, 3EF, 3EH, 3EK

3EA1 3EF1...5 3EE2 3EK7 3EC3 3EB1 3EB2

Railway

Distribution

Low voltage and

motor/generator

protection

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Polymer Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

Comparison of Design Principles

SIEMENS „3EQ“ SIEMENS „3EL“

„Tube Design“

„Cage Design“

„Wrapped Design“

Competition

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

Type

3EL

with directly moulded LSR Housing

Column of MO resistors totally surrounded

by silicone

Silicone rubber housing directly moulded onto the active part

Cage of 8 FRP rods as reinforcement structure

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

Type

3EL

 – Design Principle:

„Cage Design“

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

3EL

- Comparison of Cantilever Strength

Rated Cantilever Strength ( inch-lbs)

3EL arresters are up to 2 – 3 times stronger than other polymer designs!

Siemens Ohio Brass

ABB

3EL2 PVN * PEXLIM

WORKING 24,782 10,000 – 3,000 7,000 – 22,125

ULTIMATE 35,400 20,000 – 5,000 11,500 – 35,400

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

Type

3EL

- Specification

Duty Cycle Rating U_r  192 kV

MCOV U_c 152 kV

Nominal discharge current I_n 10 kA Energy absorption capability 10 kJ/kV-MCOV

Pressure Relief Rating 65 kA

TOV - 1 sec, no prior duty 1.475 x MCOV “Working” Cantilever Strength 24782 inch-lbs

Creepage Distance 301 inches

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

Series

3EQ - „The Robust One“

3EQ1 up to U_m = 362 kV 3EQ4 up to U_m= 550 kV 3EQ3 up to U_m = 800 kV

„Tube Design“

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

3EQ

 – Design Principle:

“Tube design”

MO column (ZnO resistors)

Pressure relief vent Material: Aluminium Pressure relief diaphragm Material: Stainless steel Thickness: 3EQ1: 0,1 mm

3EQ3/4: 0,2 mm Opening pressure: approx. 1 bar 

Silicone rubber sheds Material: RTV-silicone directly moulded onto FRP tube

FRP tube (Fiber glass reinforced plastic) for out-standing mechanical strength Support for MO column Material: FRP rods

Housing filled with nitrogen to avoid oxygen

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

3EQ

- Silicone Bonding to Flanges and FRP-tube

The silicone rubber is directly moulded onto the FRP-tube and the aluminium flanges.

1 ... Aluminium flanges 2 ... Silicone rubber  3 ... FRP-tube 1 2 3 1 2 3

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

3EQ

- Comparison of Cantilever Strength

3EQ arresters with tube design are more than 6- 8 times stronger

than other polymer designs!

Rated Cantilever Strength ( inch-lbs)

Siemens Ohio Brass

ABB

3EQ PVN * PEXLIM WORKING 37,000 – 260,000 N/A 22,125 ULTIMATE 53,000 – 370,000 N/A 35,400

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

Comparison:

Short Circuit and Overload Performance

3EQ(tube design) 3EP Cage Design

Before the test Successful

Successful

3EP

3EQ Cage Design

Arc burns through silicone

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Silicone Housed Surge Arresters for High Voltage

3EQ

in a Seismic Shake Table Test

3EQ4 306-3PN4 ( U_m= 420 kV) 3EQ4 442-5PN5 ( U_m= 550 kV) 3EQ1 156-2PN3 ( U_m = 170 kV) 3EQ4 234-3PN4 ( U_m = 300 kV)

Test conditions in accordance with IEEE 693: • time history test

• 1·g ground acceleration

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Benefits of SIEMENS Surge Arrester Designs

Minimizing number of segments per arrester 

SIEMENS Competition

Example left side (SIEMENS):

3EQ with 2 segments for up to 550 kV system voltage

Example right side (competition):

4 units per stack for the same voltage level or  arrester with additional insulators for stabilisation or  multiple segment arrester built up with MV arresters

Minimizing the number of segments per arrester means:

more stability

= higher mechanical cantilever strength

less segments to mount = less installation time --> less installation costs

less danger of moisture ingress between flanges better voltage distribution

all in all:

The lower the number of segments per arrester stack the better the electrical and mechanical performance is.

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Arrester Monitoring Devices

Types

3EX6 040, 3EX5 030, 3EX5 050, 3EX5 060/62

Control Spark Gap 3EX6 040

Surge Counter with leakage current meter 

3EX5 050 Surge Counter 

3EX5 030

Arrester monitor with remote indication

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JFR (Single Phase)

2.5 kV to 19.9 kV,

38.1 kVA to 889 kVA,

50/60 Hz

Applications

+ / - 10 % Regulation

in 32 Steps

Equipped with

Controller (MJ-XL

)

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Voltage Regulator - Applications



Pole Mounted



Platform Mounted

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_{Three Phase Regulators}

SFR - 4330 V - 34500 V

500 kVA – 4000 kVA

Smaller foot print compared

to three single phase units

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Three Phase (SFR)

Three Phase (SFR-X)

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_{What a Control Panel Does ?}

• Functionality

•

Advanced Metering

•

Superior Data Logging

•

Intuitive User Interface

•

Powerful Communications

•

Continuing Enhancements

It senses parameters like Voltage, Current, Power Flow direction and provides commands to the tap changer of VR. Additionally, the modern microprocessor based controllers are providing efficient communication, Energy Management and diagnostics capabilities to the power companies.

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_{Advanced Metering}

•

Instantaneous Voltages, Current, & Power

•

Demand Voltages, Current, & Power

•

Minimum/Maximum Time Stamps

to the second 

•

Energy Readings

•

Support for 3-Phase Calculations

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_{Superior Event Logging}

• Multiple “Event Types”

• Tap Change, Tap at Neutral, Tap

raise/lower to NN position, VLC/VRC active, Power Flow reversal,

Configuration change,

• Precise time stamping • High capacity (200 events)

• Critical data storage

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_{Multiple Alerting}

•

Metering

•

Tap Tracking

•

Remote Control

•

Controller Error 

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_{Intuitive User Interface}

•

Menu-Driven

•

Easy - to -read Displays

•

Simple Menu Navigation

•

Single Keystroke for Frequently

accessed Functions

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_{Data Port Communications}

•

Use Industry-accepted Protocol

•

Retrieve Data & Status

•

Configure the panel

•

Select Parity & Address

•

Connect with off-the-shelf Cables

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_{Control Panel - Communication Modules}

Radio Integration via wireless communication (Cell Phone)

Fiber Optic Communications Port

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_{Cost Saving – An example}

 Communication Module can provide

− Reduced frequency of site visits

− Data available instantaneously – Preventive

maintenance instead of emergency work

− Use software capability to safely overload VRs

up to 60 %

− Use available data to planning purposes

− Check power quality while sitting in your office − Control Peak Loads (TO AVOID PENALTIES)

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_{Firmware upgrades}