MicroChess Apr 1977 pdf

(1)

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A

CHESS

PLAYING

PROGRAM

FOR THE

8080 MICROCOMPUTER

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MICR0CHE33 _was

originally

conceived

as a

program

which

would

play

chess

using

only

a

minimum

hobbyist

microcomputer

system.

Th e

program

which

w _á3

developed

will

ruri

on

any

8080 based

microcomputer

configured with at least

4K c)

f

contiguous

RAY

,

and

an

ASCII

iriput/output.. device.

Although

MICR0CHES,S

does

not

always

play

chess

at

the

expert

level,

it

will

make _a

reasonable

move

under

most

circumstances.

In addition

t.o

being

great

fun

to

play,

it

can

provide

a

useful

a rid

tireless

opponent

fo

r

practising

checkmate3,

learning

openings,

and sharpenimg

general playing

skills.

The

MICROCHESS

program

i

s

supplied

on

paper

tape

o

r

on

Tarbell(jM)

cassette.

The

documentatiau

provided

includes

complete

player's

instructions,

a

description

of

the

program

operation,

arid

an

appendix

with detaiX

for modifying

the

II

O

t

c)

suit

the

individual

requirements

of

each

user's

personal

computer

system.

If

you

should

have

an y

problems

putting

MICROCHESS _{u g} _on

your

system,

please

send

t.he

details

of

your

system

and the

exact

problem

to

the

address

below.

We

will

do

our

best

to assist

you

in

any

way

POSuuiblé.

©

Thís

cu |Jl/ c' tí

the

,'JICR0CHESS _|7)log2am

and

d0cume\'ltat¿on

tiS ~'

gzcuAded

p'l

the

µezg("!nae

u-se

and

eYlj(/t/mQnt

ü//

the

Íju/Lcha4

Qjt.

Rep'íoduetLon

by

cUljl mean,s itS

g/tc/h¿b¿tea.

Lúe of

the

f'!ICR0CHESS

Í3?2ÜgtamA, c!jl

anq pm'tt

/the/Le0S,

//c'/l

the

ynjc'cue

Q,í

pzómottón

CIt

Ááíc:

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tcí-thout

the

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att

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nichd-ware

limited,

27

Firstbrooke

Rd.

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Toronto,

Ont.

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m4e

2l2,

canada

(4)

PLAYER'S

MANUAL

NOTATION 3 PROGRAM EXECUTION 4

MICROCHESS COMMANDS 4

THE

DISPLAY

COMMAND 5

THE GO COMMAND 5

THE SPEED COMMAND 6

THE RESIGN COMMAND 6

THE EXCHANGE COMMAND 6

ENTERING YOUR MOVE 7

SPECIAL MOVES 7

CASTLING 8

PAWN PROMOTION 8

EN PASSANT 8

THE COMPUTER MOVE 9

NOTES 9

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

THE PROGRAM 11 THE CONTROL AND INPUT/OUTPUT

II

MOVE GENERATION 11 DATA COLLECTION

í2

STRATEGY 12 APPENDIX B

INPUT AND OUTPUT SUBROUTINES

i4

APPENDIX C

DISPLAY

OPTIONS 15

CRT

DISPLAY

15

CUSTOM BOARD

DISPLAY

15

PIECE

ADDRESSES FOR BOARD

DISPLAY

16

APPENDIX D

RETURN TO YOUR OPERATING SYSTEM 17 APPENDIX E

HEX DUMP OF MICROCHESS 18 APPENDIX F

TYPICAL

OUTPUT FROM MICROCHESS 22

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F } J%

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(5)

Player's

Manual

NOTATION

MICROCHESS

uses

_a

special

octal

notation

to

identify

t

he

squares

o

f

t

he

chess

board.

Each square

is represented

by

a

two

digit

number.

The

first

digit

specifies

the

rank(0

to

7 )

f

rom

the

computer's

end

of

the

board.

The

second

digit

specifies

the

file

(O

to

7)

from

t

he

computer's

right

(your

left)

. A

completely

numbered

board

is

shown below:

;q

I

C R C) C FI E S S

OCj ₀₁ _D? _tj3

, ou 05

QE l ₀₇ i

10

)

11 12 13 14 15 l 15 i ₁₇ j

--—4---—---

l l l

20

l

21 22

U

_l 24

l

25 ) ?6 l 2?

l ) l )

)

30 31 32 33 i 34

3'

) 36 37

uo

'li

42 43

u

) ·'JS I

'16 _'17

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)

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77

C H A _L _L E !j' _g E

(6)

-

4

-PROGRAM EXECUTION

The MICROCHESS

program

is

executed

frorn

address

0000.

After

printing

the

initial

sign-on

message,

MICROCHESS

will

ask:

"DO YOU WANT WHITE?

(Y,N)".

If

you wish

to

play

white,

respond

with 'Y'.

If

you wish

to

play

black,

respond

with 'N'.

If

you

wish

MICROCHESS

to

decide

which

colour

to

play,

respond

with

any

other character.

MICROCHESS

will

then

display

the

board

and

prompt

with

a

colon, indicating

that

the

program

is

ready

to

receive

any

operating

command.

MICROCHESS COMMANDS

MICROCHESS

has seven

special

commands

to

which

it

will

respond.

Commands _may be

abbreviated

to

the

first:

letter

of

the

command

word.

All

commands

must

be

terminated

with

_a

carriage return.

Typing

errors

may be

corrected

at

any

time

by

typing

a

control-X.

This

will

clear

the

input buffer

and

allow

you

to

retype

the

entire line.

COMMAND SUMMARY COMMAND FUNCTION

DISPLAY

Display

the

board

at

the

terminal.

GO _piake _a _move

from

the

current position.

Speed

Change

the

mode

of

the

computer's

play.

jjEsIgN

End

the

_game.

EXCHANGE

Exchange

sides.

/\UT0 DISPLAY

Display

the

board

after

each move.

(7)

THE DÍSPL¢M CCJMMANI)

Th e ZjI3P¿É1y 2omx!arl'!

¡ñ3t:

"_nts

t:_he _2,3Tj3ater'

to

display

the

:

mrrent

P4jSít.iOr)

':

jí

'.!",e i,nt.ermaÁ '?ÉléS3

Mníri

at

t

he

terminal.

't!CR'3GLdZSS

t:

:

"í!:

Y'Áü'"4

ii

!'í:U~íte1

It'

the

tntú

"n the

display,

ani

/f:

l-j

'ire

a}"A!í"d'3

at

th;'

b)"Ut.: j'm.

!i.ath

F'Ú?2é

is

indimated

by a t'rjCj

O

'2r!}r7ctet'

mriemcmi'm T h e

first

c?.haµ?íc[er 3h(j'As

the

colour of

t.he

tj.i.ece.

The 3£12 jnci

?'narActeµ

s _'u) 'ti 3

t

he

type

c)

f

piece

3c.3upying

that.

s:

j!-la'"e.

Blmk

squares

'rúíiCh are unoccupied

are

illustrated

by :

:

. The

":

ampte

dispZ.ay

_beZ3'Ñ _shows

t

he

board

i:

et

ud

to

begin

a _ga")e

with

MICRCCHEStf

;ñaying

white.

6~m·""""

MICAOCHESS

""""m~"+

l YRVN

YB YK YQ WB HM _VR _I

! _I

! _VP _VP _VP

VPVP

¥P\dP

VP !

I I

I B 8 8

t

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l I I _{t I}

t

_I _I 8 8 8 ! I I t 8 _t _t 8 8 8 0 B I I I ! 8 8 3 8 8 ¶ 3 8 !

l I

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BPBPBP

BPBPBPBP

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BB BK BQ BB BN BR I

+""""""

CHALLENGER

"""""""+

THE GO COMMAND

'i

he 'X' corrimañd

i:

ístructs

!4ICR02XE3S

to

examine

the

current

postion íjf

the

board,

choose

the

best

move

available,

make

that

move,

ÁjYj

then

prinz

íjút

the

_move

that

i

t

ha 3 mad e

.

This

2 ommand _may b e

entered

_a

t

_any

time.

_The

ccmputer

will

not

check

to

see

if

yo '-i h_{a v}e .made _{an y} _moves

since

t

he

last

r2om:

?ljter

move,

_or'

if it

is

making

the

first

"nove

with

the

black

t.e n

(8)

6

THE SPEED COMMAND

MICROCHESS

can play

chess

at

three

different

levels.

The

best

level

is

called

the

NORMAL

speed,

and

requires

from

60

to

300

seconds

per

move

for

analysis.

By

eliminating

_some

time

consuming

portions of

the

strategic

analysis,

the

speed

can be

increased.

BLITZ

mode

requires

only

20

seconds

per

move on

the

average,

and SUPERBLITZ

will

make a move

in

about

10

seconds,

In

response

to

the

SPEED command, ¥ICR0CHESS

will

ask:

"WHICH

MODE?

(S,B,N)".

Type _one

of

the

characters

S,B,

or

N

to

choose

the

desired

speed.

This

command may be

entered

at

any

time

during

the

game.

SPEED SUMMARY

ENTER SPEED TIME PER MOVE

S _SUPERBLITZ 5 TO ₁₀ _SECONDS B

BLITZ

10 TO ₃₀ _SECONDS

N NORMAL 30 TO 300 SECONDS

THE RESIGN COMMAND

The RESIGN command may be

entered

at

any time

to

end

the

game. MICROCHESS

will

display

the

final

position

of

the

board,

and

then

ask

if

you wish

to

play

again.

THE EXCHANGE COMMAND

The EXCHANGE command

enables

you

to

turn

the

board

around

at

any

point

during

the

game.

This

forces

MICROCHESS

to

play

with

your

pieces

in

the

position that

you have

left

them.

You

must

play

with

the

computer's

men. The

relative

positions of

the

pieces

remain

the

same,

but

the

numbering

of

the

squares

changes

because

the

notation

always

has

its

origin

at

the

computer's

lower

right.

It

is possible

to have

HICROCHZSS

play

a game

against

itself

by

entering

the

EXCHANGE command,

then

the

GO _command,

then

the

EXCHANGE command, and sc)

on.

Remember

that

each

_move

printed

is

being

described

from

opposite

ends of

the

board

because

of

the

intervening

exchanges.

It

is

best

to

display

the

board

every

two or

three

moves

to

be

sure

that

you are

following

the

(9)

ENTERING YOUR MOVE

Your

move

is

described

to

MICROCHESS

by

specifying

the

square

the

piece

was moved

from,

and

the

square

the

piece

was moved

to,

using

the

octal notation

described

above.

For

example,

with

the

computer

playing

white,

a KP

to

KP4

response

would

be

entered

at

the

colon

prompt

as:

:

63-U

MICROCHESS

will

immediately

_move

the

appropriate

piece

internally

and

begin

to

consider

its

response.

The GO _command

is

assumed

as

soon

as

the

move

is

entered.

Note

that

MICROCHESS

carries

out

_no

legal

validity

check

_on

your

move.

The

program

will

accept

_a _move

of

any piece

_on

the

board

to

any

square

on

the

board.

If

the

square

you

move

the

piece

to

is

occupied,

the

occupying

piece

will

be

captured

and

removed

from

the

board.

Therefore,

it

is

very

important

when

entering

your

move,

to

take

great

care

riot

to

enter

an

incorrect

square

number.

As

with

the

commands,

typing errors

_may be

corrected

by

typing

a

control-x

and

retyping

the

entire line.

SPECIAL MOVES

Normally,

MICROCHESS

begins

to

consider

its

response

as

soon

as

you have entered

your

move

in

the

format

shown

above.

If

you

wish

to

inhibit

this action, in

order

to

rnake

two consecutive

moves

to

set

up a

test position,

or

to

" _make _an _en

passant

capture

as

described

below,

enter

an y

after

the

move.

For

example:

:

63-'l3Y

* P

MICROCHESS

will

move

the

appropriate

piece

on

its

internal

chess

board,

and

then

return

to

the

command mode

for further

commands

or moves.

Note once again,

that

_you _may _move _any

piece

on

the

board

in this

manner,

This

includes

the

computer's

pieces

,

which

you

may

wish

to

move

in

order

to

set

up a

(10)

-

8

-CASTLING

Castling

is

accomplished

by

entering

O-0

to

castle

on

the

king's

side

(short),

and O-O-O

to castle

on

the

queen's

side

(long).

The

letter

O

is

used,

not

the

numeral

0.

:

0-0

PAWN PROMOTION

If

you

move a pawn

to

the

eighth

rank

(rank

0

in

the

octal

notation

of

MICROCHESS),

you

may

promote

it

to

a

piece.

This

may be

done

by

following

the

move

entry

by

an

equal

sign

and

the

mnemonic

of

the

piece

you wish

the

pawn

promoted

to.

For

example,

if

you wish

to

promote

the

king

pawn

to

a

Queen,

the

following

move

would

be

entered:

:

U-03=Q

Because

of

the

internal

board

representation

of

MICROCHESS,

only

one queen

is

allowed

per

side

at

any

given time.

If

you

already

have

a

queen,

it

will

be

necessary

to

choose

another

piece

which

has

already

been

lost.

EN PASSANT

En

passant

_pawn

capture

_'nay be

accomplished

by making

two moves

with

the

capturing

pawn.

The

first

move

is

a

lateral

move

to

capture

the

computer's

pawn.

The

second

_move

is forwards to

the

final

square

that

you

are

moving

your

pawn

to.

For

example,

a

capture of

the

computer's

queen

pawn

which

has

just

moved

from

jLj

to

34

with

your

king

pawn,

_now

located

at

33,

is

accomplished

by

first

moving

33

to

u

to capture

the

pawn

(using

the

M

suffix

to

prevent

MICROCHESS

from

moving),

and

then

moving

from

34

to

24

to

_move

your

_pawn

to

the

appropriate

final

square.

:

33-34'q

(11)

THE COMPUTER MOVE

!'1ICR(JCHESS

indicates

its

_move

using

the

_same

notation

that

you

use

to

eater

your

moves.

To

distinguish

your

moves

from

those

of

the

computer

when going

over

an

old

listing,

the

computer's

moves

are

preceded

by

the

notation:

'!C :

, as

shown

in

the

example

game

illustrated

in

appendix

F.

En

passant

capture

13 not

a

part

of

the

?UCR0CHESS move

generation

routines.

Consequently,

the

computer

will

never

capture

en

passant

or

recognize

the

danger

of

you

capturing

en

passant

when

it

formulates

its

optimum

move.

NOTES

Some

players

_may

find that

their

level

of play

exceeds

that of

MICR0CF!ESS.

In

order

to

make

the

_game

more

challenging,

these

players

may make

the

same

sacrifice

they

might

make

to

a

weak

human

player.

They

can

spot

the

computer

a

piece

by

removing

it

at

the

beginning of

the

game,

or shortly

after

the

opening

play is concluded.

This

can

easily

be

done

by

capturing

it

with

one

of

your

own

pieces,

then

returning

the

piece

to

its

own

square.

For

example:

:

74-73t'i

:

73-74M

MICROCHESS

has

been

designed

for

your

enjoyment.

Have

fun!

In

addition,

we

are

always

open

to

suggestions,

ideas,

or

criticisms.

Please

let

us know

if

you

feel that there is

anything

we

can

do

to

improve

our

products,

or

if

there

are

any

(12)

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(13)

THE PROGRAM

The

program

is

divided

into

three

functionally

distinct

sections:

the

control

and

input/output

routines,

the

move

generation

and

data

collection

routines,

and the

strategic

analysis

routines.

CONTROL AND INPUTi'OUTPUT

This

section

of

the

program

is

responsible

for

all

communications

between

the

computer

arid

the

human

player.

The

primary functions

carried

out

are

the

board

set

up,

and

data

table

initialization

sectionm

In

addition

to

this,

the

various input

commands

are

irtterpreted

and

subroutines

are

called

which

execute

them.

The

most

important subroutine

called

by the

control

section

is

the

chess

program

itself.

This

is

a

complex

set

of routines

which

examine

the

current

state of

the

chess

board

and

return

a 7lOVé

which

has

been

evaluated

as the

best

available.

MOVE GENERATION

The second

major

subsection of

the

program

consists

of

a

set of

subroutines

which

generate

legal

moves

from

a

given

position.

MICROCHESS,

unlike

most

larger

chess

playing

programs,

evaluates

its

opportunities

in

a

serial

manner.

That

is,

it

generates

an

available

move,

and

evaluates

it

completely before

generating

the

move.

The

evaluation

routines

calculate

a

value

for

each

move

which

is

compared

with

the

value

of

the

best

move

found

so

far.

If

it

is

better,

it

becomes

the

best

move

for

comparison

with

future

moves

generated.

The _,nove

with

the

highest

value

will

be

selected

by

MICROCHE3S.

To

generate

all

the

moves

for

_a

side

MICR0CHE33

works:

through

a

table

which

contains

the

board

position

of

each

piece.

This

is

the

table

shown

in

appendix

E.

First,

_a

king

pawn move

is

generated

and

evaluated.

The

evaluation

includes

the

actual

moving

of

the

piece,

and

the

generation

of

potential

reply

moves

by

the

challeriger.

The

sequence

of

trial

moves

of

the

computer's

piecces

arid

the

challenger's

pieces

_may

extend

as

far

as

three

moves

for

eÁch side

beyond

the

current

position.

At

the

end

of

this

time,

each

move made

will

be

taken

back,

until

the

board

is returned to

its original

state.

Then,

the

move

will

be

made,

and

tbe

replies

tested.

Thi3

continues

until all

the

moves

tor

each

cUece

have

been

tested.

MLCROCHESS

is

capable

of generating antí"evaluatiríg

about

10,000

moves

per

second.

Thus,

in

a

yjo

second

analysis

3,(y)o,ooo

moves

will

be matte and

taken

baok

in

_an

attempt

to

evaluate

the

(14)

-

1 2

-DATA COLLECTION

For

each

test

move

available

to

the

computer

data

are

collected

which

will

allow

it

to evaluate

the

resultinq

position.

In

the

normal

mode

of

operation

MICROCHESS

collects

the

folowiríg

information

for

use by the

strateEy algorithms.

MOBILITY

(µ

)

This

represents

the

number

of legal

moves

that

a

side

has

available

to

it

from

a

given position.

MAXIMUM CAPTURABLE PIECE

(P).

The

value

of

the

_mo

st

valuable

piece

presently

being

attacked

by

a

side.

TOTAL ATTACK ( _a )

. The sum

of

the

values of

all

the

pieces

under

attack

by

a

side.

CAPTURE

(C').

The

value

of

any

piece

captured

by

the

current

move,

o

r

t

he maximum

available

capture in

a

future

move

which

can

be

achieved

by

a

series

o

f

captures

(an

exchange).

Th e

mobility,

maximum

capturable piece,

and the

total

attack

are

obtained for

the

current

position,

and the

position

after

t

he

test

_move ha s

been

made

for

both

the

computer

and

its

opponent.

Capture

values

are

calculated

to

a

depth

o

f

three

moves

pe

r

side

beyond

t

he

current

position

provided

tb

e

position

examined

can

be

achieved

by

_a

continuous

sequence

_o

f

piece

captures.

I!?

zdíition,

the

value

of

the

Zio(M

piece,

arid the

squares

it,

cccuFie3

Before

anti

after

the

move

are

used

in

t.he

evaluation.

STRATEGY

After

a

test.

_Tc'jt? jl ¿z:" '|"1:

(

r:

!'cñt

ratccl,

'an,"i l.í"ic !:

'ara¶€t.cr"s

al-.cvc

have

tc€ñ

(?(í]]c(?l-c}/'"j 't' ',' i !

c j¿q t. ei

cc

.

;t.'ÑÁQñ

r

ou t.

nc

e ,

t _{!1 t?}

strat.c-í]ic

¿2!]IÁ}:

,'::j:"

'z}j".; :_- l _j,rg _z:

":Ú"m'.

'ii '.j¿;',jf¿ Lc

the

'r.(.:_','f¿. 7Ji'" i" a _s

i

(? :

31r(:!"'jl!:'.

', "' ! t :_, !"

'c7i: ir?::|

'" :ú _c 7 t,

i\t'

',' "2

i'f

{' _'jjf}

j-j "· ·- ··",_ct (-e

r

C" r : _{ _' _{· ,} ' _' _' _{1 i } :}

, : L- t I,-, ·_,- . .- - ; L t ' : l " : \" ',:

r

· , - 4 - -, l t t , \

(15)

VALUE =

jj.0cWí

+

1.25¢V

+

CL75t'i

+

0.75OLl

+

0.25tü

+

0.25¢u

-

3jj0pÍ

-

2.0CNÍ

-

1.25QÁ

-

0.25C'O

-

0.25a0

- 0.25G -

0.25'ÍÁ

- 0.25in

(^)

signifies

the

challenger's

value.

(n) subscript

signifies

the

position

at

time

n.

(time

O

is

the

current

board

position)

VALUE 7 VALUE + C2

ir

a

piece

is

moved from

the

back

rank.

VALUE = VALUE + C)2

if

a

piece is

moved

to

the

centre.

VALUE 7 FF

if

the

challenger

is

checkmated.

The a1Eorit!lln

used

ty

"4ICH(JCHESS

is

_a

relatively

simple

o ne

compared

to

major

chess

pr'oizrams

which

can

ccmpete

at

an

expert

level

o

r

play.

A_s

a

result,

t

h e

computer

must

make

ttÍi€

decision

MiUween

pcsitional

[1€velQpm.ent,

or

material

a'jvantaEe

based

upen

t._h_e

few

factors

outlined

above.

Good

chess

is

c:

orcÁderably

more

complex,

an'i

requires

that

th

e

player

us €

alzorjti]ms

',v'hich _va

r

_y

fr

om

time

t.o

time

during

the

Eame.

|tl!:

!i\jCiiESS

l:

as cñi\'

a

zinízlc-

altzm"ithm

which

must

be ',] _se. d at

-a 1 ] st-aFE2g ciur

i Ilf'

t lie

E!_ápít'

(exccpt for

a

few

openiríg

moves

"Aiicii

ca !1 i: Cl j.:1 ¿".;,'ccí

fr

c'm a

limitmi

book).

Thi

3-

siníjjlc

a:ljc::"iti]y7,

is

a

ccmj'rcmise

of

t.iae

I)css3i!:

l(

cpen.itáf],

middle

EátLí€,

e nci _!';at3(?, m: ci

sl:

f-(jjjal sitnaíion

{aln(3rj!.l]'ns..

! t

is

t:

ccausc

_cI"

Gjjjg.

2('[µ.;!'(:

f.!2'(:-

tijc:

t

!'l!CMjClliF!13

SQTi€t

imc:

3

lnake:

2

'r,cves

',·:

íiich

art'

(16)

-

14

-

_APPENDIX _E3

INPUT AND OUTPUT SUBROUTINES MICROCHESS

is

supplied

with inout

and

outout subroutines

for

use

with

an ASR 33

or

equivalent

A3CII

terminal.

Théuué

routines

are

shown below

in

source

format:

0DE6

4130

*********************************************

0DE6

4140

*

TaETYpE

INPUT/OUTPUT

ROUTINES

SUPPLIED.

*

0D£6

4150

*********************************************

0IE6

4160

*

OUTPUT ROUTINE

·

0IE6

4170

*********************************************

0IE6

DB

00

4180

TTYO IN 0

0DEB

E6 80

4J90

ANI

80H

0DEA CA

E6

0D

4200

JZ

TTYO

DIED

78

4210

MOV LÚB

0DEE D3

Dl

4220

OUT I

0DF0

C9

4230

RET

0DFI

4240

*********************************************

0DFi

4250

*

INPUT ROUTINE

*

0DFS

4260

*********************************************

0DFI

DB

00

4270

TTYI

IN

0

0DF3 E6 40

4280

ANI

40H

0DF5

CA

FI

0D

4290

JZ

TTYI

0DF8

DB 01

4300

IN }

0DFA E6

7F

4310

ANI

7FH

0DFC

47

4320

MOV

R.A

ODFD C9

4330

RET

The

conventions

used

by these

routines

are:

1-

Status is

on

channel

0.

2-

Data

is

on channel

1.

3-

Data

available

is signalled

by

bit

6

(40H).

4-

Transmit buffer

empty

is signalled

by

bit

7

(BOA).

These

routines

are

shown,

so

that

you

rnay

modify

them

if

necessary

to suit

the

individual

requirements of

your

system

If

you

wish

to

use

your

own

I/O routines

replace

the

data

at

address

09DA (C3

FI

DO)

with

_a J?4P

to

your

own

input

routine

(C3

XX

XX).

Then,

replace

the

data

at

address

Z9D7 (C3 E6 DO)

with

a JMP

to

your

own

output routine

(C3

XX

XX).

The

data is

passed

in

the

B

register.

The

parity

bit

_may be 0

or

1

for

an

input

instruction.

Output

from

MICROC4E.3S

has

the

parity bit

set

to

0.

There

is

no

requireme2t for saving

any

of

the registers;

however,

the

stack rminter

must

be

preserved

arid

(17)

APPENDIX C

DISPLAY

OPTIONS

Two

display

option

commands

are

available

at

the

MICROCHESS command

prompt.

These

are

AUTO

DISPLAY

and

NO

DISPLAY.

Entering

the

,A.UT0

DISPLAY

corntnand

causes

the

program

to display

the

board

immediately

after

each

move made

by

either

side.

Entering

the

NO

DISPLAY

command

will

turn

off

the

automatic

display

feature.

This

is

demonstrated

in

the

sample

game

in

Appendix

F.

The

default

option in

the

copy

of

MICROCHESS

you

have

received

is

NO

DISPLAY.

_The

user

rnay

change

the

default

option to allow

the

program

to

display

the

board

after

each

computer

move,

after

each

of the challenger's

moves,

or both.

Replacing

the

three

NOE'

instructions

at

address:

0120

(00

00

00)

with

_a

call

to

the

display

subroutine

(CD 42

02)

will

cause

the

board

to

be

automatically

displayed

after

each

move rnade

by

MICROCHESS.

If

you

wish

to

have

the

board

displayed automatically

after

each

of

your

moves

as

well,

replace

the

three

NOP

instructions

at

address

0004

with

the

same

subroutine

call

(CD 42

02).

CRT

DISPLAY

If

you

are

using

a CRT

display

with only

16

lines

on

the

screen,

you

may

wish

to

shorten

the

board

display

provided

by

MICROCHESS.

This

is

easily

accomplished

by

entering

3 NOP

instructions

(00

00

00)

at

address

0258.

This replaces

the

CD

DA 01

which

appears

in

the

original

code.

CUSTOM BOARD

DISPLAY

If

you

wish

to

design

your

own

board

display

for

use

with

a

graphic

terminal

or

just

to

gratify

your

own

artistic

ambitions,

you

may

replace

the

MICROCHESS

display

routine

by

replacing

the

data

at

address

0242

(CD AC

09)

with

_a JMP

to

(18)

-

16

-The

data

required to

di3p1ay

the

board

is contained in

_a

table

at

address

09ED.

This

table contains

the

board

location

of

each

piece.

The

address

and

location

of

each

piece

as

it

would

appear

at

the

start

of

a game

with

!4ICRC)CHESS

playing white is

shown

below.

PIECE ADDRESSES FDR BOARD

DISPLAY

PIECE MICROCHESS CHALLENGER

King

09ED 03 09FD 73

Queen

09EE 04 09FE 74

King

Rook

09EF 00 09FF 70

Queen Rook

09F0

07 0A00 77

King

Bishop

09F1 02 0A01 72

Queen Bishop

09F2

05 0A02 75

King

Knight

09F3

01 0A03 71

Queen

Knight

0¢)F/J 06 0A04 76

KR Pawn

0!IF5

10 0A05 60

QR _Pawn

09F6

17 0A06 67

KN Pawn

09F7

11 0A07 61 QN Pawn

09F8

16 0A08 66 KB Pawn

09F9

12 ÓA09 62 QB Pawn

09FA

15 DADA 65

Q _Pawn 09FB 14 0A0J3 64

(19)

appendix

d RETURNING TO YOUR OPERATING SYSTEM

If

you wish

to return

directly

to

your

operating

system

at

the

end

of

a

game,

this

can

be

accomplished

by

replacing

the

HALT

instruction

at

address

01O7

with

_a JMP

xx

to

your

operating

system

entry point.

Two NOPS

have

been

included for

your

convenience

in

adding

thi3

patch.

Please

note, that

it

is impossible

to

call

MICROCHESS

as

_a

subroutine

because

the

program

manipulates

the

stack pointer

several times during

program

execution.

Thus,

the

original

return

address

will

not

be

at

the

top

of

the

stack

when the

(20)

-

18

-

APPEtlhlX E

0000 31 82 Oij

cij

biG ₀₉

2i

6L) 0El

cij

Lia _Dl :

zl

₉₃ 0i3 CL)

0010 DA _Dl ₂₁ _B9 OB CD _bA _Dl

cij

HG ₀₉ _{Cb AF} ₀₅ _2J ₉₅

0020 Da 22 7L) DA

Zl

GEl _Da ₂₂ _7F DA

2!

_Dl 0i3 ₂₂ ₇₉ DA

0030

Zl

37 OB _Z2 7Ei DA AF ₃₂ ₇₄ DA ₃₂ 7i3 DA ₃₂ ₈₂ DA

0040 32 81 DA ₃₂ ₇₅ DA ₃₂ ₇₆ 0é.t _3E

l0

₃₂ ₇₇ DA _{3E EE}

0050 32 ¿jjj Da 32 4E DA ₂₁ _F5 013 Gb SC _Dl CD C9 ₀₉ CD

0060 BF' ₀₉ ₇₈ OF D2 _6F ₀₀ _3E _Dl ₃₂ ₈₂ DA CL) C3 ₀₅ CL)

0070 42 02 Gb AC ₀₉ ₃₁ ₈₂ ₀₀ ₂₁ _¿6 DI) ₂₂ ₅₉ _{Da 21} ₂₀

0080 20 22 20 DC ₂₁

l0

DC CD SC _Dl CL) ₂₀ ₀₃ CL) AC ₀₉

0090 21 DA _{Di) 7E} _FE ₄₇ CA LI7 ₀₀ _FE ₄₄ CA ₄₂ ₀₃ _FE ₄₅

00^0

Cfl 2C ₀₂ _FE ₅₃ CA

El

_Dl _FE _4F CA _Di ₀₃ _FE ₅₂ CA

0080 20 02

Ft

4J CA

FI

₀₂ _{FE 4E} CÁ ₀₅ ₀₃ CD ₆₈

0i

_3A

00G0 OF _oij _FE 4L) CA ₂₆ ₀₁ _FE 3L) CA ₄₈ ₀₃ _FE _0D C2 _2C

0000 Dl Cl) 61) ₀₈ ₀₀ ₀₀ ₀₀ CD 71) ₀₄ _3A ₇₈ DA E37 CA _F4

00£0 00 21 UF ₂₀ ₂₂ _IE DC ₂₁ ₂₀ _4F ₂₂ _IB DC AF ₃₂ 7É3

00F0 DA C3 ₀₂ _Dl CD AD _Dl cLt ₉₇ ₀₃ _3A _4F DA _{FE FF} CA

0100 38 Dl 21 16 DC CD SC _Dl _3A ₈₁ DA _{FE FF} CA 17 ₀₃

0ll0

3a 74 DA _B7 CA _ID _Dl ₂₁ AE DC CL) 5C _Dl CD AC ₀₉

0120 00 00 00 C3 ₇₅ ₀₀ CD _6D ₀₈ C3 ₇₅ ₀₀ ₂₁ ₂₃ DC CD

0130 5C _Dl CL) AC ₀₉ _C3 ₇₅ ₀₀ ₂₁ ₃₀ DC CD DA DJ CD ₄₂

0J40 02 CI) AC ₀₉ ₂₁ ₄₇ DC _gj) SC _Dl CD C9 ₀₉ CD _BF ₀₉

0150 78 F¿ 59 G2 GB _Dl Gb AG ₀₉ G3 _J8 ₀₀ _{7E FE} DL) CB

0160 47 cLí _BF ₀₉ ₂₃ G3 _5C _Dl _2A DA DI) CD ₉₉ _Dl ₃₂ ₅₀

0170 0A 2A DL) DL) CD ₉₉ _Dl ₃₂ ₅₁ DA ₃₂ _4E DA _3A ₅₀ DA

0180

2l

0C DA _0E _IF _BE CA ₉₁ _Dl 2E3 _{0D FZ} ₈₅ _Dl _C3 2C

0190 Di 79 32 4L) _{DA 32} _4F DA C9 _7ij _E6 _0F 17 17 17 17

0JA0 47 7C _E6 OF ₈₀ ₄₇ _E6 ₈₈ _C2 2C _Dl ₇₈ C9 _3a ₅₀ DA

0IB0

47 CD _8F ₀₉ _2A DD ₀₉ ₂₂ _IB DC _3A

si

DA ₄₇ CD _8F

0lC0

09 2A Liíj 09 2Z IE DC G9 Gb AC ₀₉ CD AG ₀₉

2l

SB

0lU0

DC CD 5C DJ CD AC ₀₉ ₇₆ ₀₀ ₀₀ CI) SC _Dl CL) AG ₀₉

0IF0

C9 _cLi AG ₀₉

Zl

OF 0Ei CD SC _Dl CD G9 ₀₉ CL) BF ₀₉

0JF0 78 FE 53 CA ₀₃ ₀₂ _FE ₄₂ CÁ DA ₀₂ _{FE 4E} CA

lj

02 0200 C3 2G _Dl ₀₆ ₀₀ DE _FF G3 15 ₀₂ ₀₆ ₀₀ DE _FB C3 15

0210 02 06 08 DE _FB ₇₈ ₃₂ _IE ₀₇ ₇₉ ₃₂ ₆₁ 0(3 _{C3 72} ₀₀

0220 CD AC ₀₉ ₂₁ _7E DC CD _5C _Dl C3 _3E _Dl CD C3 ₀₅ _3A

0230 82 DA B7 CÁ _3A ₀₂ _AF C3 3C ₀₂ _3E _Dl ₃₂ ₈₂ DA C3

0240 75 00 CD AG ₀₉ CD AC ₀₉ 16 ₀₀ ₂₁ _B6 DC CD DA _Dl

0250 7A El7 _CA SB ₀₂ ₂₁ D2 DC CD 1JA 01 ₀₆

2i

CD BF ₀₉

0260 06 20 CI) i3F ₀₉ ₂₁ DC 06IL DE _IF _7E _BA GA _B8 ₀₂ _2B

0270 0D F2 6A 02 7A E6 OF _5F _7A _E6 FO OF _4F _4F _4F C3

0280 IF L)Á ₈₉ ₀₂ ₀₆ ₂₀ C3 _8B ₀₂ ₀₆ _3A CI) _BF ₀₉ CD _BF

0290 09 06 20 CD E3F ₀₉ ₁₄ _7A _E6 OF _FE ₀₈ C2 ₆₅ ₀₂ ₀₆

02Á0 21 CD _BF ₀₉ CD AC ₀₉ _7A C6 ₀₈ ₅₇ _FZ ₅₀ ₀₂ ₂₁ EE

02B0 DC CD DA _Dl CD AC ₀₉ C9 ₇₉ _FE

l0

D2 _D3 ₀₂ _{3A 82}

02C0 Da E37 C2 CC ₀₂ _3A ₈₃ DA ₄₇ C3 DD ₀₂ _3A ₈₄ DA ₄₇

021)0 C3 _Dij ₀₂ _3A ₈₂ DA B7 G2 C5 ₀₂ C3 CC ₀₂ CD _BF ₀₉

02E0 79 E6 OF _4F ₀₆ ₀₀ ₂₁ ₈₅ DA ₀₉ ₄₆ CD _BF ₀₉ C3 ₉₁

02F0 02 3E CD ₃₂ 1)4 ₀₀ ₃₂ ₂₀ ₀₁ ₂₁ ₄₂ ₀₂ ₂₂ _D5 ₀₀ ₂₂

0300 21 Dl G3 ₇₂ ₀₀ ₂₁ ₀₀ ₀₀ ₂₂ 1)4 ₀₀ ₂₂ D5 ₀₀ ₂₂ ₂₀

0310 Dl 22

Zl

Dl G3 ₇₂ ₀₀ ₂₁ ₉₆ DC CL) 5C _Dl _C3 _3E _Dl

0320

Zl

060 _Dij DE ₀₀ CD _gg ₀₉ ₇₈ ₇₇ _FE _oí) GA 3C ₀₃ _FE

0330 18 CA ₇₂ ₀₀ CD _BF ₀₉ ₂₃ DC G3 ₂₅ ₀₃ RF ₈₉ CÁ ₂₅

0346 03 C9 CD ₄₂ ₀₂ G3 ₇₅ ₀₀ CD ₆₈ _Dl ₂₁ DC DA DE OF

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PLAYER'S

NOTATION 3 PROGRAM EXECUTION 4

DISPLAY

THE GO COMMAND 5

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CUSTOM BOARD

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APPENDIX D

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special

completely

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MICROCHESS COMMANDS

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COMMAND SUMMARY COMMAND FUNCTION

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/\UT0 DISPLAY

Display

THE DÍSPL¢M CCJMMANI)

display

begin

THE GO COMMAND

ístructs

black

THE SPEED COMMAND

can play

average,

SPEED SUMMARY

BLITZ

N NORMAL 30 TO 300 SECONDS

entered

THE EXCHANGE COMMAND

enables

numbering

being

ENTERING YOUR MOVE

described

MICROCHESS

immediately

MICROCHESS

carries

board.

you have entered

MICROCHESS

appropriate

-CASTLING

Castling

PAWN PROMOTION

eighth

Queen,

EN PASSANT

passant

which

THE COMPUTER MOVE

indicates

example

NOTES

players

MICR0CF!ESS.

order

easily

MICROCHESS

designed

THE PROGRAM

program

communications