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Functional morphology of undulatory pectoral fin locomotion in the stingray taeniura lymma (Chondrichthyes: dasyatidae)

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Academic year: 2020

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Figure

Table 1. Morphometric data for Taeniura lymma individualsused in this study
Fig. 1. Dorsal view of Taeniura lymma modifiedfrom Last and Stevens (1994). Aluminum clipmarkers were placed at six locations (m1–m6, inred) along the left pectoral fin for digitizinghomologous points frame by frame
Fig. 2. Successive lateral and dorsal video images of Taeniuralymma swimming in a flow tank at approximately 2 DLs−1 (whereDL is disc lengths)
Table 1). The wavespeed of fin motion and the speed of EMGsignal propagation down the fin were constant at a given speed,allowing the onset of activity in the muscle directly controlling
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