June Monthly Examination in Science 8- Life Science June Monthly Examination in Science 8- Life Science Tr
True or ue or False. False. Direction:Direction: Write T if the statement isWrite T if the statement is TRUETRUEand F if the statement isand F if the statement is FLSEFLSE _____ 1. A
_____ 1. A hypothesis must be based on scientific knowledge.hypothesis must be based on scientific knowledge. _____ 2. A
_____ 2. A scientific theory is a guess about how or why something happens.scientific theory is a guess about how or why something happens.
_____ 3. cientists make predictions that tell what will happen under any and all conditions. _____ 3. cientists make predictions that tell what will happen under any and all conditions. _____ !. The scientific method includes the steps in"ol"ed in a scientific in"esti
_____ !. The scientific method includes the steps in"ol"ed in a scientific in"estigation.gation. _____ #. $%id life on &arth e"ol"e o"er time'( This )uestion can be answered scientifically _____ #. $%id life on &arth e"ol"e o"er time'( This )uestion can be answered scientifically.. _____ *. &+periments are performed under controlled conditions.
_____ *. &+periments are performed under controlled conditions.
_____ ,. cientists can study all aspects of the natural world- including e+perimenting on an e+tinct _____ ,. cientists can study all aspects of the natural world- including e+perimenting on an e+tinct
animal. animal.
_____ . The dependent "ariable is always the opposite of the independent "ariable. _____ . The dependent "ariable is always the opposite of the independent "ariable. _____ /. 0ommunicating your results allows others to test your hypothesis
_____ /. 0ommunicating your results allows others to test your hypothesis..
_____ 1. &+perimental e"idence that agrees with your prediction supports your hypothesis. _____ 1. &+perimental e"idence that agrees with your prediction supports your hypothesis. _____ 11. A
_____ 11. A cell is the basic unit of the structure and function of all li"ing thingscell is the basic unit of the structure and function of all li"ing things _____ 12. An adaptation is a characteristi
_____ 12. An adaptation is a characteristic that helps a li"ing thing sur"i"e and reproduce.c that helps a li"ing thing sur"i"e and reproduce. _____ 13. atural selection is a change in the characteristics of li"ing things o"er time. _____ 13. atural selection is a change in the characteristics of li"ing things o"er time. _____ 1!. A
_____ 1!. A population consists of many different spopulation consists of many different species.pecies.
_____ 1#. 0harles %arwin de"eloped the theory of e"olution by natural selection. _____ 1#. 0harles %arwin de"eloped the theory of e"olution by natural selection. _____ 1*. All li
_____ 1*. All li"ing things must maintain homeostasis."ing things must maintain homeostasis.
_____ 1,. The characteristics of all li"ing things are controlled by genes. _____ 1,. The characteristics of all li"ing things are controlled by genes. _____ 1. The four unifying principles of biology are the cell theory
_____ 1. The four unifying principles of biology are the cell theory- the gene theory- - the gene theory- homeostasis- andhomeostasis- and gra"ity.
gra"ity.
_____ 1/. %eer sometimes eat the starlings birds4 that s
_____ 1/. %eer sometimes eat the starlings birds4 that sit on them.it on them. _____ 2. The cells of many different organis
_____ 2. The cells of many different organisms are "ery similar.ms are "ery similar.
Multi!le
Multi!le "hoice. "hoice. Direction:Direction: 5ead the 5ead the )uestion carefully. W5)uestion carefully. W56T& the correct 6T& the correct answer.answer. 1
1 &+&+amamplples oes of bif biototic fic facactotors irs inclncludeude A
8
8 77rraassss- - ttrreeeess- - bbeeeess- - aannd d aannttss %. %. AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 2
2 0om0ompoponenents nts of aof an ecn ecosyosyststem iem incncluludede A
A oioil- sl- sununlilighght- wt- wataterer- a- and wnd weaeathetherr 0. 0. AlAll tl the bhe bioiotitic anc and abd abioiotitic fac factctorors is in an n an arareaea 8
8 77rraassss- - ttrreeeess- - bbeeeess- - aannd d aannttss %. %. AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 3
3 WhiWhich dech descrscribeibes the ps the possossiblible floe flow of enw of energergy in an ey in an ecosycosystestem'm' A
A snasnakes tkes to froo frogs tgs to cato caterperpillillars ars to trto treesees 8
8 tretrees tes to fro frogs ogs to sto snakenakes to s to catcaterperpillillarsars 0
0 tretrees tes to cao caterterpilpillarlars to s to frofrogs tgs to sno snakeakess %
% catcaterperpillillars ars to tto treerees to fs to frogrogs to ss to snaknakeses !
! The rThe relaelatiotionshnship beip betwetween auen autottotroprophs anhs and prod producducers iers iss A
A That That autautotrotrophs mophs make thake the fooe food the prd the producoducers eers eat.at. 8
8 That That proproduceducers mrs make thake the food te food the authe autotrotrophs ophs eateat.. 0
0 ThThat aat aututototrorophphs eas eat prt prododucucerers.s. %
% That That they they are are the the samsame oe orgarganisnismsms.. #
# WhiWhich sch stattatemenement bet best dst descescribribes a tes a troprophic hic le"le"el'el' A
A A tA trophic lrophic le"el is te"el is the feedihe feeding positng position of an orion of an organisganism in a food cham in a food chain or webin or web.. 8
8 A A trophitrophic le"ec le"el is l is the pothe positisition of aon of an orgn organism anism in an ein an ecosyscosystem.tem. 0
0 A A trophitrophic le"ec le"el is l is the nithe niche of che of an organ organism anism in an ein an ecosyscosystem.tem. %
% A A trophitrophic le"el c le"el is this the feedie feeding role ng role of an orof an organism ganism in an ecoin an ecosystesystem.m. *
* &+&+amamplples es of of decdecomomposposerers is incncluludede A
A AAllggaae e aannd d ccyyaannoobbaacctteerriiaa 0. 0. 99uullttuurrees s aannd d rraaccccoooonnss 8
8 &&aarrtthhwwoorrmmss- - dduunng g bbeeeettlleess- - aannd d ssppiiddeerrss %%. . AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee ,
, WhiWhich orch organganism ism woulwould usud usuallally be in ty be in the fohe fourturth troh trophiphic le"c le"el'el' A
A 55aattss 00. . 55aabbbbiittss 8
8 ::uummaannss %%. . ::aawwkkss
WhWhicich sth statatemeement bent best dst defefinines eces ecolologyogy'' A
A The sThe study tudy of hoof how liw li"ing "ing things things interinteract wiact with eth each otach other.her. 8
8 The stuThe study of hody of how li"iw li"ing thinng things intgs interact weract with eaith each other ch other and witand with their h their en"iroen"ironment.nment. 0
0 The stThe study of udy of how lihow li"ing t"ing things hings interinteract witact with theih their en"ir en"ironmentronment.. %
% The stThe study of udy of how lihow li"ing t"ing things hings interinteract witact with theih their habir habitat.tat. /
/ WhiWhich stch stateatemenment best best dest descricribes a bibes a biogeogeocheochemicmical cyal cyclecle'' A
A A A cycle cycle that that recyclrecycles ches chemical emical elemeelements ants and watnd water.er. 8
8 A A cycle tcycle that conhat continuoutinuously cysly cycles ccles chemicahemical eleml elements ents and watand water.er. 0
0 A A cycle tcycle that conthat continuousinuously cyclly cycles chemes chemical elical elements ements and wateand water that r that are needare needed byed by organisms.
organisms. %
% A cyA cycle that ccle that continuontinuously cyously cycles chemcles chemical elical elements aements and water tnd water that are needhat are needed byed by organisms through an ecosystem.
organisms through an ecosystem. 1
1 An e+An e+amplample of an e+e of an e+chanchange pooge pool isl is A
A TThhe e aattmmoosspphheerre e ffoor r wwaatteerr 00. . TThhe e &&aarrtth h ffoor r ccaarrbboonn 8
8 TThhe e oocceeaan n ffoor r wwaatteerr %. %. AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 11
11 The relatiThe relationshionship between condensap between condensation and precipition and precipitatiotation is that_______n is that___________.____. A
A ;reci;recipitatipitation neon needs teds to occo occur ur prior prior to cto condensondensation.ation. 8
8 0on0ondensdensatiation neeon needs to ocds to occur prcur prior tior to preco precipiipitattationion.. 0
0 8o8oth ath are pre pararts ots of thf the wae wateter cyr cyclcle.e. %
% 8ot8oth b anh b and c ded c descrscribe ibe the the relrelatiationsonshiphip.. 12
12 The best descrThe best descriptioiption of the relationn of the relationship betwship between runoff and groeen runoff and groundwatundwater is thater is that A
A 5un5unoff off turturns ns intinto go grouroundwndwateater.r. 8
8 7r7rououndndwatwater ter tururns ins intnto runo runofoff.f. 0
0 8oth r8oth result esult from from preciprecipitatpitation and ion and may end may end up in up in bodies bodies of watof water.er. %
% oone ne of of tthe he ababo"o"ee 13
13 itritrogen ogen fi+atfi+ation ion is____is_____________________._. A
A 6s th6s the proce process oess of chanf changinging nitg nitrogerogen gas to nin gas to nitratratestes 8
8 6s th6s the proe procescess of chs of changianging ning nitratrates ttes to nito nitrogrogen gasen gas 0
8
8 77rraassss- - ttrreeeess- - bbeeeess- - aannd d aannttss %. %. AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 2
2 0om0ompoponenents nts of aof an ecn ecosyosyststem iem incncluludede A
A oioil- sl- sununlilighght- wt- wataterer- a- and wnd weaeathetherr 0. 0. AlAll tl the bhe bioiotitic anc and abd abioiotitic fac factctorors is in an n an arareaea 8
8 77rraassss- - ttrreeeess- - bbeeeess- - aannd d aannttss %. %. AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 3
3 WhiWhich dech descrscribeibes the ps the possossiblible floe flow of enw of energergy in an ey in an ecosycosystestem'm' A
A snasnakes tkes to froo frogs tgs to cato caterperpillillars ars to trto treesees 8
8 tretrees tes to fro frogs ogs to sto snakenakes to s to catcaterperpillillarsars 0
0 tretrees tes to cao caterterpilpillarlars to s to frofrogs tgs to sno snakeakess %
% catcaterperpillillars ars to tto treerees to fs to frogrogs to ss to snaknakeses !
! The rThe relaelatiotionshnship beip betwetween auen autottotroprophs anhs and prod producducers iers iss A
A That That autautotrotrophs mophs make thake the fooe food the prd the producoducers eers eat.at. 8
8 That That proproduceducers mrs make thake the food te food the authe autotrotrophs ophs eateat.. 0
0 ThThat aat aututototrorophphs eas eat prt prododucucerers.s. %
% That That they they are are the the samsame oe orgarganisnismsms.. #
# WhiWhich sch stattatemenement bet best dst descescribribes a tes a troprophic hic le"le"el'el' A
A A tA trophic lrophic le"el is te"el is the feedihe feeding positng position of an orion of an organisganism in a food cham in a food chain or webin or web.. 8
8 A A trophitrophic le"ec le"el is l is the pothe positisition of aon of an orgn organism anism in an ein an ecosyscosystem.tem. 0
0 A A trophitrophic le"ec le"el is l is the nithe niche of che of an organ organism anism in an ein an ecosyscosystem.tem. %
% A A trophitrophic le"el c le"el is this the feedie feeding role ng role of an orof an organism ganism in an ecoin an ecosystesystem.m. *
* &+&+amamplples es of of decdecomomposposerers is incncluludede A
A AAllggaae e aannd d ccyyaannoobbaacctteerriiaa 0. 0. 99uullttuurrees s aannd d rraaccccoooonnss 8
8 &&aarrtthhwwoorrmmss- - dduunng g bbeeeettlleess- - aannd d ssppiiddeerrss %%. . AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee ,
, WhiWhich orch organganism ism woulwould usud usuallally be in ty be in the fohe fourturth troh trophiphic le"c le"el'el' A
A 55aattss 00. . 55aabbbbiittss 8
8 ::uummaannss %%. . ::aawwkkss
WhWhicich sth statatemeement bent best dst defefinines eces ecolologyogy'' A
A The sThe study tudy of hoof how liw li"ing "ing things things interinteract wiact with eth each otach other.her. 8
8 The stuThe study of hody of how li"iw li"ing thinng things intgs interact weract with eaith each other ch other and witand with their h their en"iroen"ironment.nment. 0
0 The stThe study of udy of how lihow li"ing t"ing things hings interinteract witact with theih their en"ir en"ironmentronment.. %
% The stThe study of udy of how lihow li"ing t"ing things hings interinteract witact with theih their habir habitat.tat. /
/ WhiWhich stch stateatemenment best best dest descricribes a bibes a biogeogeocheochemicmical cyal cyclecle'' A
A A A cycle cycle that that recyclrecycles ches chemical emical elemeelements ants and watnd water.er. 8
8 A A cycle tcycle that conhat continuoutinuously cysly cycles ccles chemicahemical eleml elements ents and watand water.er. 0
0 A A cycle tcycle that conthat continuousinuously cyclly cycles chemes chemical elical elements ements and wateand water that r that are needare needed byed by organisms.
organisms. %
% A cyA cycle that ccle that continuontinuously cyously cycles chemcles chemical elical elements aements and water tnd water that are needhat are needed byed by organisms through an ecosystem.
organisms through an ecosystem. 1
1 An e+An e+amplample of an e+e of an e+chanchange pooge pool isl is A
A TThhe e aattmmoosspphheerre e ffoor r wwaatteerr 00. . TThhe e &&aarrtth h ffoor r ccaarrbboonn 8
8 TThhe e oocceeaan n ffoor r wwaatteerr %. %. AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 11
11 The relatiThe relationshionship between condensap between condensation and precipition and precipitatiotation is that_______n is that___________.____. A
A ;reci;recipitatipitation neon needs teds to occo occur ur prior prior to cto condensondensation.ation. 8
8 0on0ondensdensatiation neeon needs to ocds to occur prcur prior tior to preco precipiipitattationion.. 0
0 8o8oth ath are pre pararts ots of thf the wae wateter cyr cyclcle.e. %
% 8ot8oth b anh b and c ded c descrscribe ibe the the relrelatiationsonshiphip.. 12
12 The best descrThe best descriptioiption of the relationn of the relationship betwship between runoff and groeen runoff and groundwatundwater is thater is that A
A 5un5unoff off turturns ns intinto go grouroundwndwateater.r. 8
8 7r7rououndndwatwater ter tururns ins intnto runo runofoff.f. 0
0 8oth r8oth result esult from from preciprecipitatpitation and ion and may end may end up in up in bodies bodies of watof water.er. %
% oone ne of of tthe he ababo"o"ee 13
13 itritrogen ogen fi+atfi+ation ion is____is_____________________._. A
A 6s th6s the proce process oess of chanf changinging nitg nitrogerogen gas to nin gas to nitratratestes 8
8 6s th6s the proe procescess of chs of changianging ning nitratrates ttes to nito nitrogrogen gasen gas 0
%
% ataturaurally lly occoccurs urs in tin the ahe atmotmosphsphereere.. 1!
1! 6n ter6n terms of cms of carbon anarbon and the atmd the atmospherosphere- autote- autotrophsrophs A
A 5emo"e ca5emo"e carbon thrrbon through photough photosyntosynthesis ahesis and releand release carbose carbon by celluln by cellular respiar respiratioration.n. 8
8 5emo"e c5emo"e carbon tarbon through chrough cellulellular resar respiratpiration and rion and release elease carbon by carbon by photosphotosyntheynthesis.sis. 0
0 5emo"e o5emo"e o+ygen t+ygen through phhrough photosyotosynthesinthesis but rs but release elease carbon by carbon by cellulcellular resar respiratpiration.ion. %
% =nl=nly remy remo"e cao"e carborbon thrn through pough phothotosyosynthenthesissis.. 1#
1# WhiWhich stach statemtement is cent is corrorrectect'' A
A itritrogen must ogen must cycle thcycle through an ecorough an ecosystesystem becausm because it is usee it is used to make prd to make proteinoteins ands and nucleic acids.
nucleic acids. 8
8 ititrogrogen maken makes up moes up most of &ast of &arthrth>s >s atmatmospospherhere.e. 0
0 itritrogen gas fogen gas from throm the atmose atmosphere caphere cannot be usnnot be used by plaed by plants tnts to make oro make organic cganic compoundompounds.s. %
% AlAll ol of f ththe e ababo"o"ee 1*
1* WhiWhich stach statemtement is cent is corrorrectect'' A
A FossiFossil fuell fuels can stors can store carbon fe carbon for milor millions of lions of years- ayears- and releand release carbose carbon when burnen when burned.d. 8
8 FossiFossil fuell fuels can stors can store carbon fe carbon for milor millions of lions of years- ayears- and releand release o+ygen wse o+ygen when burnehen burned.d. 0
0 FossiFossil fuell fuels can stors can store o+ygen foe o+ygen for millr millions of yions of years- and rears- and release celease carbon wharbon when burneden burned.. %
% FossiFossil fuell fuels can stors can store nitre nitrogen for miogen for millionllions of years of years- and rels- and release nitease nitrogen wherogen when burned.n burned. 1,
1, Which oWhich of the ff the followollowing wouling would =T bd =T be a comme a communityunity'' A
A All tAll the plhe plants- ants- insecinsects- ts- and sand soil ioil in your n your back yback yard.ard. 8
8 All tAll the mahe many "arny "arietieties oies of dogf dogs in yos in your neur neighighborborhoodhood.. 0
0 AlAll tl the he fifish sh in in an aan a)u)uarariuium.m. %
% nonone ne of of ththe ae abobo"e"e 1
1 0ommu0ommunity nity interinteractionactions s incluincludede A
A ;;rreeddaattiioonn 00. . yymmbbiioossiiss 8
8 00oommppeettiittiioonn %%. . AAlll l oof f tthhe e aabboo""ee 1/
1/ Which iWhich is an e+ampls an e+ample of a predate of a predator<por<prey relarey relationstionship'hip' A
A The rThe relaelatiotionshnship beip betwetween a ducen a duck and a ponk and a pond of wad of waterter.. 8
8 The rThe relaelatiotionshnship bip betwetween a een a liolion and n and a ?eba ?ebra.ra. 0
0 The rThe relaelatiotionshnship beip betwetween a been a bee and a fe and a flowlowerer.. %
% The rThe relaelatiotionshnship beip betwetween a hen aen a hen and a roond a roostester.r. 2
2 The main difThe main differeference among the tynce among the types of symbpes of symbiotic reliotic relationsationships iships is A
A :ow m:ow many spany speciecies eies eithether bener benefit ofit or are hr are harmarmeded 8
8 :o:ow mw many any spspececieies as are re eaeatetenn 0
0 :o:ow maw many sny spepecicies aes are pre prorotetectcteded %
% AlAll ol of tf the he ababo"o"e.e. 66 &&ssssaayy@@
1
1 6ncorporate the steps of the scientific method into 6ncorporate the steps of the scientific method into your response.your response. 2
uly Bonthly &+amination in cience < Cife cience
Multi!le "hoice. Direction: 5ead the )uestion carefully. W56T& the correct answer. 1 Which of the following would =T be a community'
A All the plants- insects- and soil in your back yard. 8 All the many "arieties of dogs in your neighborhood. 0 All the fish in an a)uarium.
% none of the abo"e 2 0ommunity interactions include
A ;redation 0. ymbiosis
8 0ompetition %. All of the abo"e
3 Which is an e+ample of a predator<prey relationship'
A The relationship between a duck and a pond of water. 8 The relationship between a lion and a ?ebra.
0 The relationship between a bee and a flower. % The relationship between a hen and a rooster.
! The main difference among the types of symbiotic relationships is A :ow many species either benefit or are harmed.
8 :ow many species are eaten 0 :ow many species are protected % All of the abo"e
# An e+ample of interspecific competition is
A Two male birds competing for the same female. 8 Two male lions competing to lead the same pride.
0 Two species of big cats competing for the same antelope. % all of the abo"e.
* Which of the following is a parasite'
A The goby fish 0. The shrimp
8 The hermit crab %. The roundworm
A The first grass on new soil 8 The first lichen on new rock
0 The first layer of grass in a new park % The first trees to grow in a new forest
Animal cells and bacterial cells both may ha"e all of the following cell structuresexce!t
A Bitochondria 0. ;lasma membrane
8 %A %.Flagella
/ Which of the following are animals'
A nake 0. Flatworms
8 ponge %. All of the abo"e
1 Which of the following isnot a characteristic shared by almost all animals' A %igestion of food internally
8 The ability to fly
0 The ability to mo"e- at least at some stage of their life % %etection of en"ironmental stimuli
11 6n"ertebrates e"ol"ed adaptations including
A A fluid<filled body ca"ity 0. A symmetrical body 8 A complete digesti"e system %. All of the abo"e
12 A skeleton forming outside the animalDs body is an4
A &ndoskeleton 0. otochord
8 &+oskeleton %. 9ertebrate
13 =ne of the main challenges animals faced when mo"ing to land was A witching to ase+ual reproduction.
8 7etting rid of their ner"ous systems- which would be too sensiti"e on land. 0 7etting rid of e+tra water.
% ot losing too much water from their bodies.
1! An e+ample of an animal that has a notochord but lacks a backbone is a
A Tunicate 0. 8ird
8 Fish %. All of the abo"e
1# Animals that ha"e eggs with internal membranes that permit diffusion of gases but pre"ent water loss are classified as
A 0hordates 0. Amniotes
8 &chinoderms %. 5otifers
1* An e+ample of an organism that has an incomplete digesti"e system is
A A sea star 0. A spider
8 A sponge %. A sand dollar
1, Animals who can control the direction they mo"e in all ha"e
A A home in the ocean 0. Buscle
8 %e"elopment as a deuterostome %. 5adial symmetry
1 0orals detect touch with
A A ner"e net 0. A complete digesti"e system
8 A brain %. A gamete
1/ ________ was one of the first animal traits to e"ol"e.
A 0ephali?ation 0. A notochord
8 A complete digesti"e system %. Bulticellularity
2 :umans ha"e_________.
A o symmetry 0. 8ilateral symmetry
8 5adial symmetry %. one of the abo"e
Fill in the #lan$s. %R&TE T'E %(RD to com!lete each statement. _____ 1. A species that plays an especially important role in its community. _____ 2. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
_____ 3. A final stable stage.
_____ #. The species that consumes members of another species. _____ *. Ci"ing on land.
_____ ,. Animals with a notochord. _____ . An animal with a backbone.
_____ /. A hollow ner"e cord running the length of the body.
_____ 1. A li"ing organism whose eggs are surrounded by membranes. _____ 11. =uter embryonic cell layer in animals.
_____ 12. %igesti"e system that consists of a digesti"e ca"ity and a single opening that ser"es as both mouth and anus.
_____ 13. 0oncentration of ner"e tissue in one end of an animal- forming a head region. _____ 1!. ;artial- fluid<filled ca"ity inside the body of some in"ertebrates.
_____ 1#. Fluid<filled body ca"ity.
True or False. Direction: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if is FLSE. _____ 1. Animals are multicellular prokaryotes.
_____ 2. Animal cells ha"e cell walls to maintain their shape. _____ 3. All animals are heterotrophs.
_____ !. 9ertebrates do not ha"e a backbone.
_____ #. All animal cells are e+actly the same shape.
_____ *. An earthworm is an e+ample of a segmented in"ertebrate.
_____ ,. 6n"ertebrates with an incomplete digesti"e system star"e- because their food cannot be completely digested.
_____ . A psuedocoelom refers to concentration of ner"ous tissue at one end of the animal.
_____ /. ome in"ertebrates mo"e- but cannot regulate which direction they mo"e or how fast they mo"e. _____ 1. A lar"a is a Eu"enile stage of the life cycle.
_____ 11. All biomes- e+cept a desert- ha"e populations of interacting species. _____ 12. 0amouflage is an adaptation that has e"ol"ed through natural selection. _____ 13. ;redation is a relationship in which the prey consumes the predator. _____ 1!. 6nterspecific competition occurs between members of the same species.
_____ 1#. 6nterspecific competition often leads to e+tinction- or it may lead to greater speciali?ation.
1st uarterly &+amination in cience < Cife cience
Multi!le "hoice. Direction: W56T& the correct answer. 1 Assumptions scientists make include@
A ature can be understood through systematic study. 8 cientific ideas ne"er need to be re"ised.
0 cience can pro"ide answers to all )uestions. % all of the abo"e
A 6s the first step in a scientific in"estigation 8 6s based on what a scientist belie"es.
0 6s a possible )uestion to a scientific answer % 0an be pro"ed incorrect.
3 A scientific theory__________.
A 6s based on lots of e"idence.
8 6s a guess about how or why something happens 0 0an ne"er be altered or changed.
% none of the abo"e
! Which is the correct order in a scientific in"estigation'
A Ask a )uestion- test the hypothesis- communicate results- draw conclusions 8 Bake obser"ations- ask a )uestion- form a hypothesis- test the hypothesis 0 %raw conclusions- ask a )uestion- form a hypothesis- test the hypothesis % Ask a )uestion- make obser"ations- test the hypothesis- draw conclusions # To test a hypothesis- _____________.
A A scientist first collects e"idence. 8 A scientist first draws conclusions. 0 A scientist first makes a prediction. % A scientist first makes obser"ations. * An e+periment____________.
A 6s performed under controlled conditions.
8 7enerally tests how one "ariable is affected by another.
0 0ontributes important e"idence that helps scientists better understand the natural world. % all of the abo"e
, Food chains are scientific models that
A 5epresent simple systems in nature.
8 Bake the scientific systems easier to understand. 0 Are based on mathematical e)uations.
% Are based on a prediction. $cience cannot answer all )uestions.(
A The abo"e statement is true because science cannot answer matters of belief. 8 The abo"e statement is true because all science is based on logic.
0 The abo"e statement is false because science can pro"e that life e"ol"es o"er time. % The abo"e statement is false because science is based on obser"ations and e"idence. / Which statement best describes a biogeochemical cycle'
A A cycle that recycles chemical elements and water.
8 A cycle that continuously cycles chemical elements and water.
0 A cycle that continuously cycles chemical elements and water that are needed by organisms.
% A cycle that continuously cycles chemical elements and water that are needed by organisms through an ecosystem.
1 The relationship between condensation and precipitation is that A ;recipitation needs to occur prior to condensation. 8 0ondensation needs to occur prior to precipitation. 0 8oth are parts of the water cycle.
% 8oth b and c describe the relationship.
11 The best description of the relationship between runoff and groundwater is that A 5unoff turns into groundwater.
8 7roundwater turns into runoff.
0 8oth result from precipitation and may end up in bodies of water. % none of the abo"e
A 6s the process of changing nitrogen gas to nitrates 8 6s the process of changing nitrates to nitrogen gas 0 6s carried out by nitrogen<fi+ing plants.
% aturally occurs in the atmosphere.
13 6n terms of carbon and the atmosphere- autotrophs
A 5emo"e carbon through photosynthesis and release carbon by cellular respiration. 8 5emo"e carbon through cellular respiration and release carbon by photosynthesis. 0 5emo"e o+ygen through photosynthesis but release carbon by cellular respiration. % =nly remo"e carbon through photosynthesis.
1! Which statement is correct'
A itrogen must cycle through an ecosystem because it is used to make proteins and nucleic acids.
8 itrogen makes up most of &arth>s atmosphere.
0 itrogen gas from the atmosphere cannot be used by plants to make organic compounds. % all of the abo"e
1# Which statement is correct'
A Fossil fuels can store carbon for millions of years- and release carbon when burned. 8 Fossil fuels can store carbon for millions of years- and release o+ygen when burned. 0 Fossil fuels can store o+ygen for millions of years- and release carbon when burned. % Fossil fuels can store nitrogen for millions of years- and release nitrogen when burned. 1* A biome is_____________.
A A group of similar ecosystems with the same general abiotic factors and primary producers and consumers.
8 A group of similar ecosystems with the same general abiotic factors and primary producers.
0 A group of similar ecosystems with the same general abiotic factors. % A group of similar ecosystems with the same general biotic factors. 1, 0limate is _______________- whereas weather is _______________.
A The conditions of the habitat from day to day- the a"erage weather in an area o"er a long period of time.
8 The conditions of the atmosphere from day to day- the a"erage weather in an area o"er a long period of time.
0 The a"erage weather in an area o"er a long period of time- the conditions of the atmosphere from day to day.
% The a"erage weather in an area o"er a long period of time- the conditions of the habitat from day to day.
1 Wetlands are important- as they
A 5emo"e e+cess nutrients from runoff before it empties into ri"ers or lakes. 8 ;ro"ide a safe- lush habitat for many species of animals.
0 tore e+cess water from floods. % all of the abo"e
1/ =rganisms that li"e deep in the ocean must be able to
A Withstand e+treme water pressure- "ery hot water- and complete darkness. 8 Withstand e+treme water pressure- "ery cold water- and complete darkness. 0 Withstand e+treme water pressure- cold water- and limited sunlight.
% none of the abo"e
2 ektons are _______________- and benthos is _______________. A A)uatic animals that swim- a)uatic organisms that crawl. 8 A)uatic animals that crawl- a)uatic organisms that swim. 0 8acteria and algae- tiny animals that feed on nekton. % %ecomposers fish and shrimp.
21 A)uatic biomes are defined in terms of which abiotic factors' 14 unlight 24 dissol"ed o+ygen and nutrients 34 temperature !4 moisture.
A 1only 0.3and!
8 1 and 2 %. 1-2-3 and !
22 Which best describes the relationship between climate and biodi"ersity'
A As climate determines the animals in an ecosystem- it directly influences the biodi"ersity of a biome.
8 As climate determines the plants in an ecosystem- it also influences the biodi"ersity of a biome. 0 As climate determines plant growth- it also directly influences the biodi"ersity of a biome. % As climate determines plant growth- it also changes the biodi"ersity of a biome.
23 &+amples of adaptations of organisms include A The large- hollow lea"es of the aloe plant. 8 The stout- barrel<shaped stems of cactus. 0 The fat tail of the 7ila monster.
% All of the abo"e. 2! The cell theory states that
A All li"ing things are made up of cells.
8 Ci"ing cells may come from other li"ing cells. 0 All li"ing things remain single<celled.
% all of the abo"e
2# Ce"els of organi?ation of an indi"idual organism includes
A The tissue 0. The community
8 The population %. All of the abo"e
2* Which is the best definition of GbiologyG' A The science of li"ing organisms.
8 The study of humans and animals.
0 The study of plants- humans- and animals. % The science of life.
2, :omeostasis is_______________.
A The ability to gi"e rise to offspring.
8 Baintaining a stable internal en"ironment.
0 The ability to detect and respond to changes in their en"ironment. % The ability to grow and de"elop.
2 &"olution____________.
A 6s a change in characteristics of li"ing things o"er time 8 =ccurs by natural selection
0 &+plains how modern organisms ha"e descended from ancient life forms % all of the abo"e
2/ An e+ample of a symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed is A The relationship between a flock of starlings and a red deer stag. 8 The relationship between a lion and an antelope.
0 The relationship between hummingbirds and flowers.
% The relationship between humans and their pet dogs. 3 To be classified as a li"ing organism- an obEect must
A Baintain homeostasis 0. 8e made of at least one cell
True or False. Direction: Write T if the statement is T5H& and F if is FAC&.
_____ 1. A keystone species is one that plays an especially important role in its population. _____ 2. 5ock that hardens from la"a is an e+ample of primary succession.
_____ 3. Butualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
_____ !. The first species to coloni?e a disturbed area such as this are called primary species. _____ #. 6f a parasite kills its host- the parasite may also die.
_____ *. 6ntraspecific competition leads to the e"olution of better adaptations within a species. _____ ,. econdary succession may occur after a forest fire.
_____ . Cichens that can li"e on bare rock may be pioneer species after a flood. _____ /. Animals ha"e a ner"ous system.
_____ 1. Almost all animals digest their food inside their bodies. _____ 11. Bost animals reproduce by se+ual reproduction.
_____ 12. Fish are in the phylum 0hordata.
_____ 13. 5oundworms are in the phylum Arthropoda. _____ 1!. ="er /I of all animals species are "ertebrates.
_____ 1#. A characteristic of animals is that they ha"e sensory organs.
_____ 1*. An e+oskeleton is a bony skeleton on the outside of some organisms. _____ 1,. 8ody segments make an animal less fle+ible.
_____ 1. ;rotostome and deuterostome are two main classes of in"ertebrates. _____ 1/. ome in"ertebrates ha"e an internal skeleton.
_____2. The outside of an animal is formed from the ectoderm.
Fill in the #lan$s. Direction: Write the appropriate term to complete each sentence below.
_____ 1. 6n"ertebrate phylum of flatworms that are characteri?ed by a flat body because they lack a coelom or pseudocoelom.
_____ 2. 5egrowing of tissues- organs- or limbs that ha"e been lost or damaged.
_____ 3. ;rocess in which a lar"a undergoes a maEor transformation to change into the adult form- which occurs in amphibians- arthropods- and other in"ertebrates.
_____ !. The ability to grow back lost body parts. _____ #. A)uatic "ertebrates.
_____ *. The only continent without amphibians.
_____ ,. The amniotes that e"ol"ed into reptiles- dinosaurs- and birds. _____ . The most numerous "ertebrates on &arth.
_____ /. Animal that obtains organic matter for nutrition by filtering particles out of water
_____ 1. Type of circulatory system in which blood flows only within a network of blood "essels and not through body ca"ities.
_____ 11. &+cretory structures that collect waste from the blood and concentrate it. _____ 12. 0ommon name is sea s)uirtJ are in"ertebrate chordatesJ adults are sessile. _____ 2. ewly hatched fish that are different from the adult form.
_____ 13. hared body ca"ity.
_____ 1!. The amniotes that e"entually ga"e rise to mammals. _____ 2. An organism that can eat many different types of food.
_____ 1#. 6n"ertebrate phylum of sponges- which ha"e a non<bony endoskeleton and are sessile as adults _____ 1*. An e+cretory organ in mollusks and annelids- has functions similar to a kidney
_____ 1,. A tube<like structure for gas e+change
_____ 1. 7roup containing only about 2# speciesJ li"e on the ocean floorJ adults _____ 1/. The release of gametes into the water by a group of adult fish
_____ 2. A tough- fibrous protein found in the skin- scales- feathers- hair- and nails _____ 21. The least speciali?ed of all li"ing reptiles
_____ 22. The process of keeping eggs warm with body heat.
_____ 23. 5egulating body temperature from the outside through beha"ioral changes. _____ 2!. Bain distinguishing feature of "ertebratesJ the backbone.
_____ 2#. 5egulating body temperature from the inside through metabolic or other physical changes. Enumeration: Direction:&numerate the following.
• 7i"e fi"e #4 animals classified in 6n"ertebrates • 7i"e fi"e #4 animals classified in 9ertebrates • 7i"e fi"e #4 animals classified in reptiles.
Se!tem#er Monthly Examination in Science 8- Life Science Fill in the #lan$s. Direction: Fill the blanks with appropriate term.
1. Bammals ha"e four limbs and produce ____________ eggs. 2. ____________ glands produce milk after the birth of offspring. 3. ____________ or fur insulates the body to help conser"e body heat.
!. ____________ in the lungs pro"ide a "ery large surface area for gas e+change. #. Three tiny bones in the ____________ gi"e mammals e+ceptionally good hearing. *. Bammals can generate and conser"e heat when it>s ____________ outside.
,. The cells of mammals ha"e many more ____________ than the cells of other animals- allowing mammals to ha"e a high metabolic rate.
. The larger the surface area of the brainDs ____ ________- the greater the mental abilities of an animal. /. 6n some mammals- a ____________ tail is used for climbing and hanging from branches.
1. Bany mammals li"e in social groups- such as ____________ of elephants or prides of lions.
11. Therian mammals are di"ided into two groups@ ____________ mammals and marsupial mammals. 12. A placenta sustains the ____________ while it grows inside the mother>s uterus.
13. The placenta passes ____________- nutrients- and other useful substances from the mother to the fetus.
1!. A ____________ is a therian mammal in which the embryo is born at an early- immature stage. 1#. ____________ are mammals that reproduce by laying eggs.
1*. The only li"ing monotreme species are the ____________ and echidnas. 1,. Female monotremes ha"e a ____________ with only one opening.
1. The ____________ embryo is nourished inside the uterus with food from a yolk sac. 1/. ____________ mammals gi"e birth to relati"ely large and mature infants.
2. Female therian mammals ha"e an ____________ where the embryo or fetus de"elops. True or False. Direction: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if is FLSE.
______1. eurons carry electrical messages.
_____ 2. After tissues- organs are the ne+t le"el of organi?ation of the human body.
_____ 3. An organ is a structure that consists of only two types of tissues that work together to do the same Eob.
_____ !. The digesti"e system breaks down food and absorbs its nutrients.
_____ #. The endocrine system remo"es e+cess fluid from tissues and transports substances. _____ *. A Eoint is a place where two or more bones of the skeleton meet.
_____ ,. There are four main types of Eoints.
_____ . 6mmo"able Eoints are also known as syno"ial Eoints.
_____ /. =f all the mo"able Eoints- a ball<and<socket Eoint has the greatest range of motion. _____ 1. %espite their hardness and strength- bones can suffer from inEury and disease. Multi!le "hoices. Direction: 5ead the )uestion carefully.W56T& the correct answer.
1 mooth muscle is found in the___________.
A :eart 0. Hpper leg
8 tomach %. Biddle ear
2 keletal muscle fibers are wrapped in
A Fat 0. 0onnecti"e tissue
8 8one %. one of the abo"e
3 keletal muscles need a rich blood supply to pro"ide them with
A =+ygen 0. Water
8 0arbon dio+ide %. one of the abo"e
! The biceps and triceps muscles are located in the
A Cower arm 0. Knee
# &ach myofibril is made up of how many types of protein filaments'
A =ne 0. Three
8 Two %.Four
* Belanin in the skin blocks
A Water 0. H9 light
8 6ncandescent light %. =+ygen
, kin cancers___________.
A Are generally asymmetrical. 8 :a"e irregular borders. 0 Bay be "ery dark in color. % all of the abo"e
The main component of hair is
A Keratin 0. Byoglobin
8 :emoglobin %. 6nsulin
/ Which of the following are functions of hair'
A ;re"ents dust particles from reaching the lungs 8 ;re"ents heat loss from the body
0 ;ro"ides sensory input % all of the abo"e
1 Which of the following are located in the dermis' A ebaceous glands 0. :air follicles 8 weat glands %. All of the abo"e
Essay. Direction: Answer the following )uestion briefly. # pts. each4
1 ame two common problems of the skin- describing each problem and the underlying cause of each.
)o*em#er Monthly Examination in Science 8- Life Science
Multi!le "hoice. Direction: 5ead the )uestion carefully. W56T& the correct answer. 1. What is the circulatory system'
A. The bodyDs breathing system 0. The body>s food<processing system 8. The bodyDs system of ner"es %. The body>s blood<transporting system 2. From what source do cells get their food
A. 8lood 0. =ther cells
8. =+ygen %. 0arbon dio+ide
3. Why is o+ygen important to blood and to the cells' A. =+ygen helps the blood to clot
8. =+ygen brings food to the cell
0. =+ygen is necessary for cell growth and energy
%. =+ygen is not important L carbon dio+ide is the most important substance in the body !. Which type of blood "essels carries blood away from the heart'
A. 9eins 0. 0apillaries
8. Arteries %. Arteries- "eins and capillaries
#. Why is blood that flows from the lungs to the heart bright red rather than dark red' A. =+ygen makes it red
8. 0arbon dio+ide makes it red
0. 7astric Euices produce the red color of the blood
%. The lungs add a pigment dye4 to blood as it flows through them. *. Which element in the blood is round and colorless'
A. ;lasma 0. 5ed blood cells
8. ;latelets %. White blood cells
,. The body>s breathing system.
A. er"ous system 0. 5espiratory system
8. %igesti"e system %. &+cretory system . Air can enter the body and tra"el to the lungs
A. Through the mouth and the nose 8. Through the esophagus and gullet 0. Through the windpipe and the pores %. Through the nose and the ner"ous system
/. What is the purpose of the little hairs inside the nose'
A. To fight disease 0. To keep dust out of the lungs
8. They ser"e no purpose %. To tickle the nose and cause snee?es 1. What important acti"ity takes place in the lungs'
A. Food is digested
8. Ci)uid waste is filtered from the blood 0. =+ygen is e+change for carbon dio+ide %. The trachea is e+change for the laryn+
11. =+ygen mo"es from the lungs into the bloodstream through'
A. er"e fibres 0. mall blood "essels in the lungs
8. A large artery in the heart %. A tube in the lungs called the Eugular "ein 12. Which organ is made up of air<carrying tubes and tiny sacs'
A. The brain 0. The stomach
8. The lungs %. The diaphragm
13. What is the digesti"e system'
A. The body>s breathing system 0. The body>s food<processing system 8. The body>s system of ner"e %. The body>s blood<transporting system
1!. %igestion begins in the mouth. Which of the following statement is 60=55&0T' . The tongue aids in the digestion of the food
+. The sali"a changes some of the starches in the food to sugar
". The tongue keeps the food in place in the mouth while the food is being chewed D. The digesti"e Euices can react more easily with the food when chewed
1#. What happens when food reaches the stomach' A. othing. o digestion occurs in the stomach 8. The food mo"es )uickly into the small intestine
0. uices mi+ with the food and stomach muscles s)uee?e it.
%. The food is completely digested and is absorbed by tiny blood "essels in the walls of the stomach. 1*. Where does the partly<digested food in li)uid form4 go after it lea"es the stomach'
A. The gullet 0. The small intestine
8. The appendi+ %. The large intestine
1,. :ow does digested food finally reach the bloodstream' A. 6t passes through the gullet into the blood
8. 6t is absorbed into the blood through blood "essels
0. 6t is absorbed into the blood through the walls of the lungs
%. 6t passes from the small intestine into the large intestine- then into the blood 1. Which of these is not a function of kidneys'
A. Baintenance of acid base balance 0. Temperature regulation
8. &+cretion of nitrogenous waste products %. Baintenance of water balance 1/. Which of these is not true << A- 8- 0 or %'
A. Kidney e+cretes urea.
8. A small fraction of 0=2 is remo"ed through the skin. 0. mall amount of salt is e+creted through skin.
%. Feces is e+creted through the anus.
2. Which of these is not an e+cretory organ@ intestine- lungs- thyroid or kidneys'
A. 6ntestine 0. Kidney
8. Cungs %. Thyroid
True or False. %irection@ Write T if the statement is T5H& and F if is FAC&.
_____ 1. The heart has four chambers@ two upper "entricles and two lower atria.
_____ 2. The e+change of gases between the body and the outside air is called breathing. _____ 3. To get glucose from food- digestion must occur.
_____ !. 6f you e+ercise on a hot day- you are likely to lose a lot of sweat in water. _____ #. 5espiration begins with gas e+change.
_____ *. 0hemical digestion is the physical breakdown of chunks of food into smaller pieces. _____ ,. 0apillaries are the largest of the blood "essels.
_____ . The kidneys filter all the blood in the body many times each day and produce a total of about 1.# pints of urine.
_____ /. 5espiration and cellular respiration are different. _____ 1. :igh blood pressure is also known as hypertension.
_____ 11. The 76 tract is one long tube that connects your mouth to your anus. _____ 12. The amount of water lost in urine is controlled by the kidneys. _____ 13. 8lood is a connecti"e tissue.
_____ 1!. ;ulmonary gas e+change occurs in the al"eoli of the lungs.
_____ 1#. The small intestine is part of the 76 tract and is about 23 feet long in adults. _____ 1*. The systemic circulation carries blood between the heart and body.
_____ 1,. The kidney is the structural and functional unit of the nephron.
_____ 1. Asthma is a disease in which the air passages of the lungs periodically become too large. _____ 1/. Bechanical digestion occurs mainly in the small intestine.
_____ 2. &+cretion is one of the maEor ways the body maintains homeostasis.
Essay. %irection@ Answer the following )uestion briefly. # pts. each4
1. 6dentify three classes of nutrients and their functions in the human body. 2. &+plain how the urinary system filters blood and e+cretes wastes.
,r uarterly Examination in Science 8- Life Science
Multi!le "hoices. Direction: W56T& the correct answer.
1. Which statement best describes the immune system' A. The immune system produces gametes.
8. The immune system e+changes gases between the blood and lungs. 0. The immune system protects the body from pathogens.
%. The immune system digests food into usable nutrients.
2. The immune system is comprised of ___________ lines of defense.
A.Two 0. Four
8.Three %.Fi"e
3. Which statement is correct'
A. The pulmonary circulation carries blood between the heart and lungs- while the systemic circulation carries blood between the heart and body.
8. The systemic circulation carries blood between the heart an d lungs- while the pulmonary circulation carries blood between the heart and body.
0. The systemic circulation carries blood between the heart an d lungs- while the pulmonary circulation carries o+ygen between the heart and body.
%. The pulmonary circulation carries o+ygen between the heart and lungs- while the systemic circulation carries blood between the heart and body.
A. The first line of defense consists of different types of barriers that keep most pathogens out of the body.
8. The first line of defense includes the inflammatory response. 0. Ceukocytes are the cells responsible for the first line of defense.
%. The first line of defense includes the skin- mucous membranes and biological barriers such as white blood cells.
#. Which statements are true about mechanical barriers'
14 Bechanical barriers physically block pathogens from entering the body. 24 The skin is the most important mechanical barrier.
34 Bechanical barriers are li"ing organisms that help protect the body. !4 Bechanical barriers destroy pathogens on the outer body surface.
A. 1 and 2 0. 1- 2- and 3
8. 3 and ! %. 1- 2- 3- and !
*. Which statement describes the second line of defense'
A. The second line of defense includes biological and chemical barriers. 8. The skin is the maEor organ of the second line of defense.
0. The second line of defense keeps most pathogens out of the body.
%. The second line of defense is encountered by pathogens that enter the body. ,. What is the inflammatory response'
A. The inflammatory response begins when cytokines or histamines infect a tissue. 8. The inflammatory response is the first reaction of the body to tissue damage or infection.
0. The inflammatory response is a chemical barrier that destroys pathogens on the body surface.
%. one of the abo"e
. Ceukocytes__________________.
A. Are red blood cells that bring e+tra o+ygen to the site of infection. 8. Are biological barriers that help protect the body.
0. Are white blood cells that fight infections and get rid of debris. %. Are released by mucous membranes at body openings.
/. ;hagocytosis_________________.
A. 6s the process in which leukocytes engulf and break down pathogens and debris. 8. Are chemical barriers destroy pathogens.
0. Are part of the first line of defense. %. All of the abo"e
1. The maEor blood "essels include__________________.
A. Arteries 0. 0apillaries
8. 9eins %. All of the abo"e
11. Atherosclerosis_______________________.
A. =ccurs when the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is blocked. 8. 6s the buildup of pla)ue inside arteries.
0. 0onsists of cell debris- cholesterol- and other substances. %. All of the abo"e
12. 8lood_________________________.
A. in "eins carries carbon dio+ide and nutrients- while blood in arteries carries o+ygen and other wastes.
8. in "eins carries o+ygen and nutrients- while blood in arteries carries carbon dio+ide and other wastes.
0. in arteries carries o+ygen and nutrients- while blood in "eins carries carbon dio+ide and other wastes.
%. in arteries carries carbon dio+ide and nutrients- while blood in "eins carries o+ygen and other wastes.
13. ;lasma includes_____________________.
A. White blood cells 0. ;latelets
8. 5ed blood cells %. All of the abo"e 1!. 5oles of blood include which of the following'
14 %efending the body against infection-24 5epairing body
tissues-34 Transporting water from the lungs to body cells !4 0ontrolling the body>s p:.
A. 1 and 2 0. 1- 2- and ! 8. 1- 2- and 3 %. 1- 2- 3- and ! 1#. The immune response
A. 6s specific to a particular pathogen. 8. 6s the third line of defense.
0. Allows the immune system to $remember( the pathogen after the infection is o"er. %. All of the abo"e.
1*. The immune response mainly in"ol"es the
A. Cymphatic system 0. 8lood cells
8. pleen and tonsils %. Antibodies and lymphocytes
1,. =rgans of the lymphatic system include____________. A. The spleen- which filters and destroys lymphocytes. 8. The thymus- which stores and matures antibodies. 0. 8one marrow- which produces lymphocytes. %. All of the abo"e.
1. Which statement concerning lymphocytes is correct'
A. 8 cells mature in bone marrow- and T cells mature in the thymus- and both 8 and T cells recogni?e and respond to particular pathogens.
8. 8 cells mature in bone marrow- and T cells mature in the thymus- and both 8 and T cells recogni?e and respond to particular lymphocytes.
0. 8 cells mature in bone- and T cells mature in the thymus- and both 8 and T cells recogni?e and respond to particular pathogens.
%. 8 cells mature in bone- and T cells mature in the thymus- and both 8 and T cells recogni?e and respond to particular lymphocytes.
1/. The humoral immune response______________.
A. 6n"ol"es mainly T cells and takes place in blood and lymph. 8. in"ol"es mainly 8 cells and takes place in blood and lymph. 0. in"ol"es mainly antibodies and takes place in blood and lymph. %. in"ol"es mainly antigens and takes place in blood and lymph.
2. The materials carried by the circulatory system include which of the following'
14 8lood- 24 :ormones- 34 =+ygen- !4 0ellular wastes.
A. 1 only 0. 1- 2- and 3
8. 1 and 2 %. 1- 2- 3- and ! 21. Antibodies are_______________.
A. Carge- M<shaped proteins that recogni?e and bind to antigens. 8. Carge- N<shaped proteins that recogni?e and bind to antigens. 0. Carge- M<shaped proteins that recogni?e and bind to lymphocytes. d. Carge- N<shaped proteins that recogni?e and bind to lymphocytes. 22. The cell<mediated immune response______________.
A. 6n"ol"es mainly 8 cells and leads to the destruction of cells that are infected with lymphocytes.
8. 6n"ol"es mainly T cells and leads to the destruction of cells that are infected with lymphocytes.
0. 6n"ol"es mainly 8 cells and leads to the destruction of cells that are infected with "iruses.
%. 6n"ol"es mainly T cells and leads to the destruction of ce lls that are infected with "iruses.
23. Acti"e immunity____________________. A. 0an last a lifetime.
8. 0an result from an immuni?ation.
0. 5esults when an immune response to a pathogen produces memory cells. %. All of the abo"e
2!. What is an allergy'
A. An allergy is a disease in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antibody.
8. An allergy is a disease in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen.
0. An allergy is a disease in which the lymphatic system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless antigen.
%. An allergy is a disease in which the immune system destroys harmless pathogens. 2#. Two common causes of allergies are_____________.
A. 5agweed and poison i"y 0. ;oison ragweed and i"y 8. 5agweed and poison roses %. All of the abo"e
2*. An autoimmune disease______________.
A. =ccurs when the immune system initiates an immune response against foreign pathogens.
8. =ccurs when the immune system attacks the body>s own pathogens.
0. =ccurs when the immune system fails to recogni?e the body>s own molecules as belonging to the person.
%. =ccurs when the immune system fails to recogni?e foreign molecules as belonging to the person.
2,. Type 1 diabetes_____________________.
A. attacks the insulin<producing cells of the pancreas. 8. is an autoimmune disease.
0. results in high blood sugar le"els. %. all of the abo"e
2. 0auses of immunodeficiency include_____________. A. %amage of the immune system by other disorders.
8. uppression of the immune system by certain medications. 0. %estruction of cells of the immune system by pathogen s. %. All of the abo"e.
2/. Which statement is true of the relationship between :69 and A6%'
A. :69 causes A6% 0. :69 and A6% are the same disease 8. A6% causes :69 %. :69 and A6% are not related
3. :69 transmission_____________________. A. 0an occur through sali"a.
8. =ccurs through the direct contact of mucous membranes or some body fluids. 0. 0an occur through kissing.
%. All of the abo"e
31. The functions of the respiratory system include which of the following' 14 8ringing air containing o+ygen into the body
24 5eleasing carbon dio+ide into the atmosphere
34 &+changing o+ygen with carbon dio+ide in blood cells-!4 Transporting o+ygen to cells throughout the body.
b. 1 and 2 %. 1- 2- 3- and ! 32. The four steps of respiration are_________________.
A. 9entilation- central gas e+change- gas transport- peripheral gas e+change. 8. 9entilation- pulmonary gas transport- gas e+change- peripheral gas transport. 0. 9entilation- pulmonary gas e+change- gas transport- peripheral gas e+change.
%. 8reathing- pulmonary gas e+change- central gas e+change- peripheral gas e+change. 33. 6nhaling__________________.
A. =ccurs when the diaphragm contracts. 8. =ccurs when the diaphragm rela+es.
0. 6s the e+change of gas between blood cells and the lungs.
%. 6s when o+ygen in the air is drawn into the body and carbon dio+ide is released from the body.
3!. 5espiration begins with___________________.
A. 7as transport between the mouth and the atmosphere.
8. 9entilation- the process of mo"ing air in and out of the lungs. 0. 9entilation between the lungs and the blood.
%. 7as e+change between the lungs and the blood. 3#. 9entilation in"ol"es which organs'
A. The laryn+- pharyn+- and trachea
8. The lungs- laryn+- pharyn+- and trachea
0. The heart and lungs- laryn+- pharyn+- and trachea
%. The heart- blood and lungs- laryn+- pharyn+- and trachea 3*. 7as e+change occurs______________________.
A. 6n the lungs- between the blood and the air.
8. 6n the al"eoli of the lungs- between the peripheral capillaries and lung cells. 0. 6n the al"eoli of the lungs- between the peripheral capillaries and bod y cells. %. all of the abo"e
3,. &mphysema_____________________.
A. 5esults in less gas can be e+changed in the lungs. 8. 6s caused by smoking and is irre"ersible.
0. 0auses shortness of breath. %. All of the abo"e
3. Asthma occurs when the_______________.
A. ome of the al"eoli of the lungs fill with fluid so gas e+change cannot occur.
8. Air passages of the lungs periodically become too narrow- often with e+cessi"e mucus production.
0. Walls of the al"eoli break down so less gas can be e+changed in the lungs. %. All of the abo"e
3/. A6% occurs______________________.
A. When helper T cells fall to a "ery low le"el. 8. About 3<# years after an :69 infection.
0. When :69 le"els match the le"el of helper T cells.
%. After years of damage to the immune system by helper T cells. !. Which statement is true concerning cancer'
A. Bost carcinogens cause cancer by producing mutations in %A. 8. 0ancer is a disease in which cells di"ide out of control.
0. A carcinogen is anything that can cause cancer. %. all of the abo"e
!1. 0arcinogens include________________.
A. 9iruses- which cause about # percent of all human cancers. 8. H9 radiation- which is the leading cause of lung cancer.
0. &+posure to tobacco smoke- which is the leading cause of skin cancer. %. one of the abo"e.
!2. The most common deadly cancer in the Hnited tates is___________.
A. kin cancer 0. 8reast cancer
b. Cung cancer %. ;rostate cancer
!3. Tumor<suppressor genes_______________. A. :elp cells with damaged %A to di"ide. 8. ormally help control cell di"ision.
0. ;re"ent cells with damaged %A from di"iding. %. normally help stop cell di"ision.
!!. The gastrointestinal tract is a long tube that includes_________. A. The mouth- stomach- intestines and anus.
8. The mouth- stomach- intestines- li"er and anus.
0. The mouth- stomach- intestines- li"er- gallbladder and anus.
%. The mouth- stomach- intestines- li"er- gallbladder- pancreas and anus. !#. The organs of the 76 tract are lined with
A. &n?ymes that break down food.
8. 0ilia to sweep food through the 76 tract.
0. Bucous membranes that secrete digesti"e en?ymes and absorb nutrients. %. All of the abo"e.
!*. Which of the following statements is the best description of digestion'
A. Bechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food- and chemical digestion is the chemical breakdown of food molecules.
8. 0hemical digestion is the physical breakdown of food- and mechanical digestion is the chemical breakdown of food molecules.
0c. 0hemical digestion is the physical breakdown of food- and mechanical digestion is the mechanical breakdown of food molecules.
%. Bechanical digestion occurs in your mouth- and chemical digestion occurs in your stomach.
!,. 6n your mouth-______________________.
A. ;epsin begins the acidic digestion of proteins.
8. Amylase begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates. 0. Amylase begins the mechanical digestion of carbohydrates.
%. Amylase- pepsin- trypsin- and other en?ymes start to break down food.
!. The stomach_________________________.
A. %igests food both mechanically and chemically. 8. 0ontains pepsin- which chemically digests protein.
0. :as an acidic en"ironment- which kills bacteria in food and is needed for the stomach en?ymes to function.
%. All of the abo"e
!/. 6n the small intestine-______________________.
A. Bost nutrients from food are absorbed into the blood. 8. &+cess water is absorbed from food.
0. The mechanical breakdown of food is completed.
%. ;artly digested food is stored until ready for the final aspects of digestion. #. The large intestine includes______________________.
A. The duodenum- EeEunum- and ileum. 8. The 76 tract- from the mouth to the anus. 0. The cecum- colon- and rectum.
%. The duodenum- EeEunum- ileum- cecum- colon- and rectum. #1. utrients___________________________.
A. 6ncludes carbohydrates- proteins- lipids- and water.
0. 6nclude chemical elements like calcium and potassium. %. All of the abo"e
#2. Warning signs of cancer include_____________________. A. A lump in the breast or elsewhere
8. An ob"ious changes in a wart or mole 0. An unusual bleeding or discharge %. All of the abo"e
#3. The Air uality 6nde+____________.
A. Beasures le"els of ground<le"el o?one and particulates. 8. 6s one of the main components of smog.
0. 6 harmful to people with certain health problems- such as asthma. %. Affects almost # million people each year.
#!. 8ioterrorism___________________.
A. 0ontains do?ens of carcinogens- and is the leading cause of lung cancer. 8. 6s the intentional release of disease causing " iruses- bacteria- or other to+ins. 0. 6ncludes pollutants in the outdoor air.
%. 6ncludes anything that causes cancer. ##. Air pollution______________.
A. can make asthma and other diseases more se"ere 8. can cause skin cancer
0. is the leading cause of lung cancer %. all of the abo"e
#*. &+cretion in"ol"es which of the following'
A. The large intestine eliminates solid wastes that remain after the digestion of food. 8. The lungs break down e+cess amino acids and to+ins in the blood.
0. The li"er eliminates e+cess water and salts in sweat. %. The skin e+hales water "apor and carbon dio+ide. #,. The main function of the urinary system is to
A. Form urine.
8. 5emo"e e+cess water from the body.
0. Filter waste products and e+cess water from the blood and e+crete them from the body. %. &liminate solid wastes that remain after the digestion of food.
#. The function of the kidney is to A. &liminate e+cess water and salts. 8. Filter blood and form urine.
0. &+crete water "apor and carbon dio+ide.
%. %estroy e+cess amino acids and to+ins in the blood.
#/. 6n the nephron- when blood mo"es diffuses out of the capillaries- it enters the A. 5enal artery of the nephron 0. 8owman>s capsule 8. 7lomerulus of a nephron %. 5enal tubule of the nephron *. Hrine follows which of the following pathways'
A. 0ollecting ducts of the kidneys- ureters- bladder- urethra. 8. 0ollecting ducts of the kidneys- bladder- ureters- urethra. 0. 8ladder- collecting ducts of the kidneys- ureters- urethra. %. 0ollecting ducts of the kidneys- urethra- bladder- ureters.
&&. True or false. Direction: Write T if the statement is TRUEand F if is FLSE. _____ 1. The skin is the single most important defense the body has.
_____ 2. nee?ing remo"es pathogens from your nose.
_____ 3. weat- mucus- tears- and sali"a are all types of mechanical barriers used to protect you.
_____ #. Ceukocytes are white blood cells that fight infections and get rid of debris. _____ *. The third line of defense is referred to as the immune response.
_____ ,. The lymphatic system produces leukocytes called lymphocytes. _____ . Cymphocytes can destroy certain cancer cells.
_____ /. Cymph is a fluid that leaks out of cells into spaces between capillaries. _____ 1. The human body has as many as two billion lymphocytes.
_____ 11. A6% is not a single disease but a set of diseases. _____ 12. A6% occurs with ele"ated le"els of helper T cells.
_____ 13. The :69 fre)uently mutates and changes its surface antigens.
_____1 !. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system attacks itself.
_____1 #. An allergen is a disease in which the immune system makes an inflammatory response to a harmless
antigen.
_____ 1*. Bost carcinogens cause cancer by producing mutations in %A. _____ 1,. Bost cancers are caused by "iruses.
_____ 1. H9 radiation is the leading cause of lung cancer.
_____ 1/. Tumor<suppressor genes normally help control cell di"ision.
_____ 2. Bore cancer deaths in adults are due to lung cancer than any other type of cancer 666. &ssay@. Direction: Answer the following )uestion briefly.
1. &+plain how :69 is transmitted and how it cau ses A6%.
2. %efine immunity- and distinguish between acti"e and passi"e immunity
anuary Bonthly &+amination in cience < Cife cience Bultiple choice. %irection@ 5ead the )uestion carefully. W56T& the correct answer.
1 The eminal 9esicle is______________.
A A muscular tube that passes upward alongside the testes and transports semen 8 A sac<like structure attached to the "as deferens and to the side of the bladder 0 0ontrols temperature of testes
2 When semen is pushed through and out of a male>s body through the urethra is a process called_______.
A. Benstruation 8. &rection 0. &Eaculation 3 9as deferens are@
A. A muscular tube that passes upward alongside the testes and transports semen. 8. perm storage organ
0. Feses holding area
! What is the function of ;rostate gland' A. ;roduces parts of semen
8. %igesti"e system for unused sperm 0. ourishes sperm.
A. A set of oily openings that release sperm
8. A set of coiled tubes that connect to the "as deferens. 0. &agles and buisits
* What are the testes'
A. ;roducer and stores of millions of sperm 8. ;roducer of male se+ hormones
0. 8oth of the abo"e
, What is the scrotum' What does it do'
A. 6t is a pouch like structure that helps to regulate temperature of the testicles 8. A muscular tube that passes upward alongside the testes and transports semen. 0. 0an be remo"ed due to religious or cultural reasons.
What is the urethra'
A. 0annel that carries semen and urine through the penis to the outside of the body. 8. The entrance to the womb.
0. The area that makes the stench in se+. / What is testosterone'
A. Bale se+ hormone that causes boys to de"elop a se+ dri"e.
8. Bale se+ hormone that causes boys to de"elop deeper "oices- bigger muscles- body and facial hair and stimulates the production of sperm.
0. 8oth of the abo"e. 1 What is semen'
A. A sperm<containing fluid 8. perm<releasing fluid 0. perm<hydration fluid
11 This connects the o"ary to the uterus.
A. 9agina 8. 0er"i+ 0. Fallopian tube
12 Also called the birth canal- this is a muscular passageway from the cer"i+ to the outside of the femaleDs body.
A. 9agina 8. Hterus 0. Fallopian tube
13 Also called the mammary gland- two of these are located at the chest le"el and produce milk for the newborn baby.
A. 8reast 8. ="ary 0. 0er"i+
1! A sac shaped like an upside down pear with a thick lining and muscles in the pel"ic area where a fertili?ed egg or ?ygote comes to grow into a baby. Also called the womb.
A. 9agina 8. 0er"i+ 0. Hterus
1# When menstruation ends in middle age.
A. Benopause 8. 7estation 0. 6mplantation
1* These are the maEor female se+ organs that produce o"a or eggs. A. ="aryOo"aries 8. TestesOtesticles 0. 7ametes
1, The fleshy outer part of the female reproducti"e system where the opening to the "agina is located.
A. Hterus 8. ="ary 0. 9ul"a
1 The shedding of the lining of the uterus along with some blood once a month. Also called a monthly period.
A. 7estation 8. 0onception 0. Benstruation
1/ The tiny female se+ cell that unites with a male sperm to form a ?ygote or fertili?ed egg.
A. ="ary 8. ="um 0. 7onad
2 The opening to the uterus.
A. 9agina 8. ="ary 0. 0er"i+
6dentification. %irection@ 0hoose the appropriate term to complete each sentence below.- Chlamydia - Adolescence - Morula
- Genital herpes - Amniotic sac
-Placenta
- Genital warts - Blastocyst
-Pregnancy
- Gonorrhea - Cleavage - Zygote
- Hepatitis B - Diferentiation
- Human papilloma virus - m!ryo
- Pathogens - "etus
