drillingcalc.xls

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U N I T C O N V E R S I O N S

Written by Gabor Nemeth

Conversion from metric to Conversion from English to Calculations

English unit metric unit

Metr.symbol Multiply by Eng.name Eng.symbol Multiply by Metr.symbol Metr.quantity Eng.result Eng.quantity

mm 0.03937 inches in 25.4 mm 1 0.03937 1 m 3.28084 feet ft 0.3048 m 1 3.28084 1 m 1.09361 yards yd 0.9144 m 1 1.09361 1 km 0.621373 miles(land) mile(st) 1.60934 km 1 0.621373 1 l 0.264178 gallons(US) gal(US) 3.78533 l 1 0.264178 1 l 0.219976 gallons(UK) gal(UK) 4.54596 l 1 0.219976 1

l 0.0353147 cubic feet cu.ft 28.3168 l 1 0.0353147 1

6.28994 barrel bbl 0.158984 1 6.28994 1

N 0.224809 pounds lbs 4.44822 N 1 0.224809 1

kg 2.20462 pounds lbs 0.453592 kg 1 2.20462 1

kPa 0.145038 psi psi 6.894745 kPa 1 0.145038 1

Mpa 145.038 psi psi 0.0068947 Mpa 1 145.038 1

bar 14.5038 psi psi 0.0689475 bar 1 14.5038 1

N.m 0.737561 foot pounds ft.lb 1.35582 N.m 1 0.737561 1 kg.m 7.23301 foot pounds ft.lb 0.138255 kg.m 1 7.23301 1 kg/m 0.671971 pounds/foot lb/ft 1.48816 kg/m 1 0.671971 1 kg/l 8.34523 pounds/gallon ppg 0.119829 kg/l 1 8.34523 1 kg/l 62.4278 pounds/cu.ft pcf 0.0160185 kg/l 1 62.4278 1 0.3505 pounds/barrel lb/bbl 2.85307 1 0.3505 1 150.959 barrel/day bbl/day 0.00662433 1 150.959 1 l/m 0.001917 barrel/foot bbl/ft 521.601 l/m 1 0.001917 1 l/m 0.0107640 cu foot/foot cu.ft/ft 92.090289 l/m 1 0.010764 1 l/m 0.0805214 US gallon/foot gal/ft 12.4191 l/m 1 0.0805214 1 l/m 0.0062899 barrel/meter bbl/m 158.984 l/m 1 0.0062899 1

kPa/m 0.0442076 psi/foot psi/ft 22.62055 kPa/m 1 0.0442076 1

bar/m 4.42076 psi/foot psi/ft 0.2262055 bar/m 1 4.42076 1

kPa/m 0.145038 psi/meter psi/m 6.894745 kPa/m 1 0.145038 1

bar/m 14.5038 psi/meter psi/m 0.0689475 kPa/m 1 14.5038 1

kW 1.34102 horse power hp 0.7457 kW 1 1.34102 1 0.69832 Ton.mile Ton.mile 1.43201 1 0.69832 1 [email protected] m3 _m3 kg/m3 _kg/m3 m3_/h _m3_/h 103_daN.km ₁₀3_daN.km

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2. oldal

Conversion between metric units Calculations

"A" "B" "C" "D" "E" "F"

Metr.symbol Multiply by Metr.symbol Metr.symbol Multiply by Metr. Symbol "A"quantity "C"result "D"quantity

bar 100 kPa kPa 0.01 bar 1 100 1

bar 0.1 MPa MPa 10 bar 1 0.1 1

N 0.102 kg kg 9.80665 N 1 0.102 1

daN 1.02 kg kg 0.980665 daN 1 1.02 1

N.m 0.102 kg.m kg.m 9.80665 N.m 1 0.102 1

Conversion between british units Calculations

"A" "B" "C" "D" "E" "F"

Eng.symbol Multiply by Eng.symbol Eng.symbol Multiply by Eng.symbol "A"quantiy "C"result "D"quantity

in 0.0833333 ft ft 12 in 1 0.0833333 1

ft 0.333333 yd yd 3 ft 1 0.333333 1

yd 0.0005682 Mile (stat) Mile (stat) 1760 yd 1 0.0005682 1

yd 0.0004929 Mile (naut.) Mile (naut.) 2029 yd 1 0.0004929 1

sq in 0.0069444 sq ft sq ft 144 sq in 1 0.0069444 1

sq ft 0.111111 sq yd sq yd 9 sq ft 1 0.111111 1

sq yd 0.0002066 acre acre 4840 sq yd 1 0.0002066 1

acres 0.0015625 sq mile(stat) sq mile(stat) 640 acre 1 0.0015625 1

cu in 0.0005787 cu ft cu ft 1728 cu in 1 0.0005787 1 gal(US) 0.1336777 cu ft cu ft 7.48068 gal(US) 1 0.1336777 1 cu ft 0.1781113 bbl bbl 5.614467 cu ft 1 0.1781113 1 gal(US) 0.0238095 bbl bbl 42 gal(US) 1 0.0238095 1 oz 0.0625 lbs lbs 16 oz 1 0.0625 1 lb 0.0005 sh. tn sh. tn 2000 lbs 1 0.0005 1

gal/ft 0.1336777 cu.ft/ft cu.ft/ft 7.48068 gal/ft 1 0.1336777 1

cu.ft/ft 0.1781113 bbl/ft bbl/ft 5.614467 cu.ft/ft 1 0.1781113 1 gal/ft 0.0238095 bbl/ft bbl/ft 42 gal/ft 1 0.0238095 1 ppg 7.48068 pcf pcf 0.1336777 ppg 1 7.48068 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

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U N I T C O N V E R S I O N S

Calculations Metr.result 25.4 0.3048 0.9144 1.60934 3.78533 4.54596 28.3168 0.158984 4.44822 0.453592 6.894745 0.0068947 0.0689475 1.35582 0.138255 1.48816 0.119829 0.0160185 2.85307 0.00662433 521.601 92.090289 12.4191 158.984 22.62055 0.2262055 6.894745 0.0689475 0.7457 1.43201 [email protected]

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4. oldal Calculations "F"result 0.01 10 9.80665 0.980665 9.80665 Calculations "F"result 12 3 1760 2029 144 9 4840 640 1728 7.48068 5.614467 42 16 2000 7.48068 5.614467 42 0.1336777 0 0 0 0 0

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KICK SHEET / driller's method in metric units /

Well:

Date:

Well data

Mud pump data

Hole size 8.5 in Pump Pump1.output

Original mud density cap. 0.0162

OMD 1490 Present pump output in use

Casing shoe data 9 Slow Pump Pressures/SPP/

Size 9.625 in 9 pump1.

Yield pres. 47300 kPa 118.42105 15 0 kPa

M.depth 1900 m 118.42105 20 0 kPa

T.V.depth 1900 m 25 0 kPa

Hole depth 30 2800 kPa

M.depth 3600 m 35 0 kPa

T.V.depth 3600 m 40 0 kPa

TVD of bit 3600 m Present Slow Pump Pressure and SCR

P.LOT 30 2800 kPa

at surface 12000 kPa MW.LOT-Mud weight during test W.o-gradient of mud in test surface pressure with original mud W.o=MW.LOT * 9,81/1000

FBD-Formation breakdown pressure 7340 kPa FBD=P.LOT+(TVDcsg.shoe * W.o)

MW.max-maximum mud weight fbd-formation breakdown gradient MW.max=FBD * 1000/(9,81 * TVDcsg.shoe) fbd=FBD/TVDcsg.shoe

MW.max 1884 W.1-gradient of original mud

W.1=OMD * 9,81/1000

Pre-recorded data Pump strokes

Length m. Volume/pump cap.

Surface line 50 0.009 0.45 28 str. 3340 0.0091 30.39 1876 str. 0 0 0.00 0 str. HWDP 0 0 0.00 0 str. 260 0.00401 1.04 64 str. 0 0 0.00 0 str.

Drill string volume (surface to bit) 31.89 1968 str.

OH - without string 0 0.03661 0.00 0 str.

260 0.0152 3.95 244 str.

0 0 0.00 0 str.

HWDP-Op hole 0 0 0.00 0 str.

1440 0.02345 33.77 2084 str.

Open hole volume (bit to shoe) 37.72 2328 str.

0 0 0.00 0 str.

HWDP-Cas. 0 0 0.00 0 str.

1900 0.02503 47.56 2936 str.

0 0 0.00 0 str.

Total ann.volume (bit to surface) 85.28 5264 str.

Total mud volume in the hole 117.16 7232 str.

Active surface volume 150.00 9259 str.

[email protected] Fill in ONLY the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

m3_/str. kg/m3

SCR str/min

MAASPOMD-Maximum allowable annulus

MAASPOMD=FBD-((OMD*9,81*TVDcsgshoe)/1000) MAASPOMD kg/m3 Cap.m3_{/m Volume m}3 DP1. DP2. DC1 DC2 DC1-Op hole DC2-Op hole DP1.-Op hole DC1-Cas. DC2-Cas. DP1-Cas. DP2-Cas. D P 2 D P 1 H W D P D C 2

D

C

1

Bit D P 2 D P 1 H W D P D C 2 D C 1 Bit

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6. oldal Total volume

total volume in hole+active surface volume 267.16 16492 str.

NOTE: basic data readable data calculated data

Kick data

SIDPP - Shut in drill pipe pressure 3500 kPa

SICP - Shut in casing pressure 5000 kPa

GAIN - Pit gain 1.800

Kick calculations KMD-Kill Mud Density

1589

SP-safety pressure /usually 1000kPa/ 0 kPa

Barites required 159.53

4200 Total barite weight to be added

=barite requirement * total volume 42620 kg

Volume increase due to barite total barite/barite spec.grav. 10.15

ICP-Initial circulating pressure ICP=SIDPP+SPP+SP 6300 kPa FCP-Final circulating pressure FCP=SPP*(KMD/OMD) 2986 kPa

E=ICP-FCP 3314 kPa

E/Drill string volume in strokes 1.68 kPa/str

Static and circulating pressure behaviour: Strokes Pressure 0 6300 100 6132 200 5963 300 5795 400 5627 500 5458 600 5290 700 5122 800 4953 900 4785 1000 4617 1100 4448 1200 4280 1300 4111 1400 3943 1500 3775 1600 3606 1700 3438 1800 3270 1900 3101 1968 2986

Expected circulation status of driller's method Strokes Circ.period Pdp 0 Start 6300 2328 6300 4736 6300 5264 Infl. in air 6300 7232 KM at bit 2986 9561 2986 12496 2986

Fill in ONLY the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

m3

KMD=OMD+(102 * (SIDPP+SP))/TVD bit kg/m3

(dw * (KMD-OMD))/(dw-KMD) kg/m3

dw- Barite density kg/m3

m3

Infl.at shoe

Infl.at surface

KM at shoe KM at surface 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 7 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 1 9 6 8 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000

static and circulation pressure behaviour /metric unit/

strokes p re s s u re / k P a /

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NOTE: basic data readable data calculated data Calculations

P.omd-hidrostatic pressure of the original mud

P.omd=(OMD * TVD * 9,81)/1000 52621

P.form-formation pressure P.form=SIDPP+P.omd 56121

H.f-lenght of influx at bottom H.f=Gain/V.ab 118

r-ratio between bottom hole and surface volumes r=V.ab/V.as 0.61

K-ratio between depth and specific gravity 0.72

d1-specific gravity 1.49

M.A.C.P.- Max.annulus casing pressure M.A.C.P= Yield pres.* 0,80 37840 P.Amax-max. annulus pressure

8498 H.s-lenght of influx at surface H.s=(P.form/P.Amax) * K * r * H.f 342 V.gas-volume of influx at surface V.gas=H.s * V.as/1000 8.56 Strokes of V.gas Strokes of V.gas=V.gas/pump input 528

D.influx-density of influx D.influx=OMD-((SICP-SIDPP) * 1000/(9,81 * H.f)) 199

Possible Kick Type Gas

1848 5492 4998 12338 1500 Rgm-gas migration 103 New Pshoe 34272 1.85 Max.pit gain-pit gain when influx reached the surface

Max.pit gain=0,158984*4*root2(P.form(psi)*G(bbl)*V.as(bbl/ft)/OMW(ppg)) 12

P.Amax=SIDPP/2+root2(SIDPP2/4+9,81 * (K * G * d₁ * P_form)/V_as

∆p-pressure changing issued from mud density changing ∆p=((KMD-OMD) * 9,81 * csg.shoe depth)/1000

MAASPKMD MAASPKMD=MAASPOMD-delta p

MAASP+-You can increase the MAASP if the gas reached the surface MAASP+=(OMD * 9,81 * H.s)/1000

MAASPgs-MAASP if the gas reached the surface(MAASPmax.)

MAASPgs=MAASPOMD+MAASP+=(MAASPmax.) ∆SICP- SICP changing based on a certain time.

Rgm=∆SICP/W1

New Pshoe= ((OMW * TVDshoe * 9,81)/1000)+SICP+∆SICP V1=Volume of mud to be bled off due to New Pshoe

V1=((Phidr+SIDPP) * Gain)/(Phidr+SIDPP-∆SICP)

Start Infl.at shoe Infl.at surface Infl. in air KM at bit KM at shoe KM at surface 0 2328.3950617 284 4735.6966745929 5264.012345679 7232.3209876543 9560.7160493827 12496.3333333333 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 6300 6300 6300 6300 2986 2986 2986 5000 5000 8498 3500 3500 1548 0 7 3 4 0 7 3 4 0 1 2 3 3 8 7 3 4 0 7 3 4 0 7 3 4 0 5 4 9 2

Analysis of driller's method /metric/

Pdp Pcsg MAASP strokes P re s s u re s / k P a /

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8. oldal

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KICK SHEET / driller's method in metric units /

Mud pump data

Pump2.output 0

0.0162 Slow Pump Pressures/SPP/

pump2. 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa

Present Slow Pump Pressure and SCR 1240

12.16 kPa/m FBD-Formation breakdown pressure

35112 kPa

fbd-formation breakdown gradient

18.48 kPa/m 14.62 kPa/m Time Pump strs/SPM 1 min. 63 min. 0 min. 0 min. 2 min. 0 min. 66 min. 0 min. 8 min. 0 min. 0 min. 69 min. 78 min. 0 min. 0 min. 0 min. 98 min. 0 min. 175 min. 241 min. 309 min. [email protected] the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

m3_/str. m3_/str.

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10. oldal

550 min.

calculated data

Expected circulation status of driller's method Pcsg MAASP 5000 7340 5000 7340 8498 12338 3500 7340 3500 7340 1548 7340 0 5492

the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 7 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 1 9 6 8 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000

static and circulation pressure behaviour /metric unit/

strokes p re s s u re / k P a /

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calculated data kPa kPa m kg/l kPa kPa m str's kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa m kPa the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

m3 kg/m3

m3 m3

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12. oldal calculated data

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KICK SHEET / driller's method in field units /

WELL: DATE:

Well data

Mud pump data

Hole size 8 1/2 in Pump Pump1.output

Original mud density cap. 0.1019 bbl/str

OMD 12.43 ppg Present pump output in use

Casing shoe data 9 Slow Pump Pressures/SPP/

Size 9 5/8 in 9 pump1.

Yield pres. 6860 psi 388.5611 15 130 psi

M.depth 6234 ft 388.5611 20 190 psi

TV.depth 6234 ft 25 270 psi

Hole depth 30 406 psi

M.depth 11811 ft 35 490 psi

TV.depth 11811 ft 40 560 psi

TVD of bit 11811 ft Present Slow Pump Pressure and SCR

P.of LOT 30 406 psi

at surface 1740 psi MW.LOT-Mud weight during test W.o-gradient of mud in test surface pressure with original mud W.o=MW.LOT * 0,052

FBD-Formation breakdown pressure 1064 psi FBD=P.ofLOT+(TVDcsg.shoe * W.o) MW.max-maximum mud weight fbd-formation breakdown gradient MW.max=FBD/(0,052 * TVDcsgshoe) fbd=FBD/TVDcsg.shoe

MW.max 15.72 ppg W.1-gradient of original mud

W.1=OMD * 0,052

Pre-recorded data

Pump strokes

Length ft Cap.bbl/ft Vol.bbl Volume/pump cap.

Surface line 164 0.017 2.79 27 str. DP.1 10958 0.017445 191.16 1876 str. DP.2 0 0 0.00 0 str. HWDP 0 0 0.00 0 str. 853.02 0.007687 6.56 64 str. 0.00 0 0.00 0 str.

Drill string volume (surface to bit) 200.51 1968 str.

OH - without string 0 0.070187 0.00 0 str.

853.02 0.029138 24.86 244 str.

0.00 0 0.00 0 str.

HWDP-OP.hole 0 0 0.00 0 str.

DP.1-Op.hole 4724.41 0.044954 212.38 2084 str.

Open hole volume (bit to shoe) 237.24 2328 str.

0 0 0.00 0 str.

HWDP-Csg 0 0 0.00 0 str.

DP.1-Csg 6233.60 0.047983 299.11 2935 str.

DP.2-Csg 0 0 0.00 0 str.

Total ann.volume (bit to surface) 536.34 5263 str.

Total mud volume in the hole 736.85 7231 str.

Active surface volume 943.49 9259 str.

[email protected] Fill in ONLY the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

SCR str/min

MAASPOMD-Maximum allowable annulus

MAASPOMD=FBD-(OMD*0,052*TVDcsgshoe) MAASPOMD DC1 DC2 DC1-Op.hole DC2-Op.hole DC1-Csg DC2-Csg D P 2 D P 1 H W D P D C 2 D C 1 Bit

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14. oldal Total volume

total volume in hole+active surface volume 1680.34 16490 str.

Kick data

SIDPP-Shut in drill pipe pressure 508 psi

SICP-Shut in casing pressure 725 psi

Gain-Pit gain 11.32 bbl

Kick calculations KMD-Kill mud density

13.26 ppg

SP-safety pressure /usually 145 psi/ 0 psi

Barite required 55.88 lb/bbl

35.05 ppg

Total barite weight to be added

=barite requirement * total volume 93903 lbs

Volume increase due to barite total barite/barite dens * 42 _63.8 _bbls

ICP-Initial circulating pressure ICP=SIDPP+SPP+SP 914 psi FCP-Final circulating pressure FCP=SPP*(KMD/OMD) 433 psi

E=ICP-FCP 481 psi

E/Drill string volume in strokes 0.24 psi/str

Static and circulating pressure behaviour strokes pressure 0 914 100 890 200 865 300 841 400 816 500 792 600 767 700 743 800 718 900 694 1000 670 1100 645 1200 621 1300 596 1400 572 1500 547 1600 523 1700 498 1800 474 1900 450 1968 433

Expected circulation status of driller's method Strokes Circ.period Pdp 0 Start 914 2328 914 4735 914 5263 914 7231 433 9559 433 12495 433

KMD=OMD+(SIDPP+SP)/(TVD bit * 0,052)

((dw x (KMW-OMW))/(dw-KMW) dw-Barite density

Infl.at shoe

Infl.at surface

Infl. in air KM at bit KM at shoe KM at surface 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 7 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 1 9 6 8 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

static and circulating pressure behaviour /field units/

strokes p re s s u re / p s i/

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NOTE: basic data readable data calculated data Calculations

P.omd-hidrostatic pressure of the original mud

P.omd=OMD * TVD * 0,052 7637

P.form-formation pressure P.form=SIDPP+P.omd 8145

H.f-lenght of influx at bottom H.f=G/V.ab 389

r-ratio between bottom hole and surface volumes r=V.ab/V.as 0.61

K-ratio between depth and specific gravity 0.72

d1-original mud specific gravity 1.49

M.A.C.P.-max.annulus casing pressure M.A.C.P.=Yield pres.* 0,80 5488 P.Amax.-max. annulus pressure

1233 H.s-lenght of influx at surface H.s=P.form/P.Amax * (K * r * H.f) 1122 V.gas-volume of influx at surface V.gas=H.s * V.as 53.84 Strokes of V.gas Strokes of V.gas=V.gas/pump input 528 D.influx-density of influxD.influx=OMD-(SICP-SIDPP)/(H.f * 0,052) 1.69

Possible Kick Type Gas

268 796

MAASP+=(OMD-D.influx) * H.s * 0,052 726

MAASPgs-if the gas reached the surface(MAASPmax.)

1790 218

Rgm-gas migration 336

4973 12 Max.pit gain-pit gain when influx reached the surface

Max.pit gain=4 * root2((P.form * G * W1)/OMW) 75

P.Amax=(SIDPP(kPa)/2+root2(SIDPP(kPa)2_{/4+9,81*(K*G(m3)*d1*Pform(kPa))/Vas(m3))*0,145038}

∆p-pressure changing issued from mud density changing ∆p=(KMD-OMD) * 0,052 * csg.shoe depth

MAASP KMD MAASP KMD=MAASP1-delta p. MAAS+-you can increase the MAASP if the gas reached the surface

MAASPgs=MAASPOMD+MAASP+= (MAASPmax.) ∆SICP- SICP changing based on a certain time.

Rgm=∆SICP/W1

New Pshoe New Pshoe=(OMW * TVDshoe * 0,052)+SICP+∆SICP V1=Volume of mud to be bled off due to New Pshoe

V1=((Phidr+SIDPP) * Gain)/(Phidr+SIDPP-∆SICP)

Start Infl.at shoe Infl.at surface Infl. in air KM at bit KM at shoe KM at surface 0 2328.12931579 2 4735.0266759004 5263.4250652326 7231.1153193131 9559.244635105 12494.5403845456 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 914 914 914 914 433 433 433 725 725 1233 508 508 225 0 10 64 10 64 17 90 10 64 10 64 10 64 79 6

Analysis of driller's method /field unit/

Pdp Pcsg MAA SP strokes P re s s u re s / p s i/

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16. oldal

(17)

KICK SHEET / driller's method in field units /

Mud pump data

Pump2.output 0.098 bbl/str 0.1019 bbl/str Slow Pump Pressures/SPP/

pump2. 110 psi 170 psi 240 psi 350 psi 420 psi 500 psi

Present Slow Pump Pressure and SCR

10.35 ppg

0.54 psi/ft FBD-Formation breakdown pressure

5095 psi 0.82 psi/ft 0.65 psi/ft Time Pump strs/SPM 1 min. 63 min. 0 min. 0 min. 2 min. 0 min. 66 min. 0 min. 8 min. 0 min. 0 min. 69 min. 78 min. 0 min. 0 min. 0 min. 98 min. 0 min. 175 min. 241 min. 309 min. [email protected] the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

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18. oldal 550 min.

calculated data

Expected circulation status of driller's method Pcsg MAASP 725 1064 725 1064 1233 1790 508 1064 508 1064 225 1064 0 796

the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 7 0 0 1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 1 9 6 8 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

static and circulating pressure behaviour /field units/

strokes p re s s u re / p s i/

(19)

calculated data psi psi ft kg/l psi psi ft bbl str's ppg psi psi psi psi psi ft psi bbl bbl the blue & yellow cells with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

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20. oldal calculated data

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Depth Balancing specific gravity Depth Balancing specific gravity meter 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 meter 1,2 kg/l 1,5 kg/l 1,8 kg/l Coefficient "K" Coefficient "K" 0 1.86 1.85 1.84 1.83 5300 0.6 0.55 0.5 100 1.81 1.8 1.79 1.77 5400 0.595 0.54 0.495 200 1.76 1.73 1.72 1.71 5500 0.59 0.535 0.49 300 1.7 1.67 1.61 1.6 5600 0.58 0.53 0.48 400 1.65 1.61 1.55 1.54 5700 0.57 0.52 0.475 500 1.6 1.55 1.5 1.49 5800 0.565 0.515 0.47 600 1.57 1.52 1.45 1.43 5900 0.56 0.51 0.46 700 1.52 1.47 1.41 1.39 6000 0.555 0.5 0.455 800 1.48 1.43 1.35 1.33 6100 0.55 0.495 0.45 900 1.44 1.38 1.31 1.27 6200 0.54 0.49 0.445 1000 1.41 1.35 1.28 1.24 6300 0.535 0.485 0.44 1100 1.38 1.31 1.24 1.2 6400 0.53 0.48 0.435 1200 1.35 1.27 1.2 1.16 6500 0.525 0.47 0.425 1300 1.32 1.24 1.16 1.12 6600 0.52 0.465 0.42 1400 1.29 1.21 1.13 1.08 6700 0.51 0.46 0.415 1500 1.25 1.17 1.1 1.05 6800 0.505 0.455 0.41 1600 1.22 1.14 1.07 1.01 6900 0.5 0.45 0.4 1700 1.2 1.12 1.04 0.98 7000 0.495 0.445 0.395 1800 1.17 1.09 1.01 0.95 7100 1900 1.14 1.05 0.98 0.92 7200 2000 1.12 1.03 0.96 0.9 7300 2100 1.09 1.01 0.93 0.87 7400 2200 1.06 0.98 0.91 0.85 7500 2300 1.04 0.95 0.88 0.82 7600 2400 1.01 0.93 0.86 0.8 7700 2500 0.99 0.9 0.84 0.78 7800 2600 0.97 0.88 0.82 0.76 7900 2700 0.95 0.86 0.8 0.74 8000 2800 0.93 0.84 0.78 0.72 2900 0.91 0.82 0.76 0.7 3000 0.89 0.81 0.75 0.69 0.81 0.79 3100 0.87 0.79 0.73 0.67 3200 0.85 0.77 0.72 0.66 3300 0.83 0.75 0.7 0.65 3400 0.82 0.74 0.69 0.63 3500 0.8 0.73 0.67 0.62 3600 0.79 0.71 0.66 0.61 3700 0.77 0.7 0.65 0.6 3800 0.76 0.69 0.64 0.59 3900 0.74 0.68 0.63 0.58 4000 0.73 0.67 0.62 0.57 4100 0.72 0.65 0.61 0.56 4200 0.7 0.64 0.6 0.55 4300 0.69 0.63 0.59 0.54 4400 0.68 0.62 0.58 0.53 4500 0.67 0.61 0.57 0.52 4600 0.66 0.6 0.56 0.51 4700 0.65 0.59 0.55 0.5 4800 0.64 0.585 0.54 0.49 4900 0.63 0.58 0.53 0.485 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 8 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 4 0 0 2 7 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 6 0 0 3 9 0 0 4 2 0 0 4 5 0 0 4 8 0 0 5 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 5 7 0 0 6 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 6 6 0 0 6 9 0 0 7 2 0 0 7 5 0 0 7 8 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

Balancing mud spec.gravity

1.2 1.5 m

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5100 0.62 0.565 0.52 0.47 5200 0.61 0.56 0.51 0.465 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 8 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 4 0 0 2 7 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 6 0 0 3 9 0 0 4 2 0 0 4 5 0 0 4 8 0 0 5 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 5 7 0 0 6 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 6 6 0 0 6 9 0 0 7 2 0 0 7 5 0 0 7 8 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 m "K"

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Balancing specific gravity 2,1 kg/l Coefficient "K" 0.46 0.45 0.445 0.44 0.43 0.425 0.42 0.41 0.4 0.395 0.39 0.385 0.38 0.375 0.37 0.365 0.36 0.355 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 8 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 4 0 0 2 7 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 6 0 0 3 9 0 0 4 2 0 0 4 5 0 0 4 8 0 0 5 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 5 7 0 0 6 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 6 6 0 0 6 9 0 0 7 2 0 0 7 5 0 0 7 8 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

1.2 1.5 m

(24)

0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 8 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 4 0 0 2 7 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 6 0 0 3 9 0 0 4 2 0 0 4 5 0 0 4 8 0 0 5 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 5 7 0 0 6 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 6 6 0 0 6 9 0 0 7 2 0 0 7 5 0 0 7 8 0 0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 m "K"

(25)

LEAK OFF TEST

Preparations

1. Drill out the casing shoe. / be sure, there is no flapper valve in the string !/ 2. Drill ahead 5-50 ft; (1.5-15 m.) / it depends on company regulation /.

3. Circulate for conditioning mud in the hole. /no cuttings in the mud !/ 4. Get ready a cementing pump with a sensitive pressure gauge.

5. Calculate the pressure loss due to gel strength of mud. 6. Pull the string above the casing shoe.

Data Metric unit Field

L = length of string 2743.2 m 9000 10 10 d = DP ID 3 3/16 in 3 3/16 8 1/2 in 8 1/2 5 in 5 2743.2 m 9000

TMW = mud weight during LOT 1240 10.35

Calculations of pressure losses

Formula to be used, when LOT is performed through DP

94 649 Formola to be used, when LOT is performed on annulus

86 591

Procedure

1. Fill up cementing line & bell nipple with mud by cementing pump and stop pump. 2. Close BOP / bag type or pipe rams /

3. Start cementing pump slowly and as soon as pressure starts to show on the gauge, 4. Wait some 3 minutes and plot pressure versus volume.

the graph.

6. Continue this way until the pressure increase becomes less than the previous increase i.e. the line on the graph starts bending to the right. This point is the leak off point and gives the value for the MAASP.

off has now started and the pressure reached is the formation break down pressure. 8. Bleed-off pressure, check returns and very carefully repeat pressure building up to get a check on the result.

9. At the end, correct the leak off pressure with Pgs and the result gives the real leak off

τo = yield value of mud lb/100ft2

dc = casing ID

do = DP OD

TVDcsg.shoe = true vertical depth of casing shoe

kg/m3

Fill in ONLY the section above with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

Pgs-pressure loss due to gel strength of mud

Pgs=L x (τo/(300 x d)) / field unit /

Pgs=L x (τo/(13,2623 x d)) / metric unit /

Pgs=L x (τo/(300 x (dc-do)) / field unit /

Pgs=L x (τo/(13,2623 x (dc-do)) / metric unit /

pump 1/2 bbl / 0,08 m3_{/ more and stop pump.}

5. Pump 1/2 bbl / 0,08 m3_{/ more, stop pump, wait 3 minutes and plot the next point on}

(26)

26. oldal pressure.

Chart / field unit /

Pres. psi Vol. bbl Time min

0 0 0 510 0.5 1 1020 1 2 1530 1.5 3 2040 2 4 2580 2.5 5 2620 3 6 2520 3.5 7 2480 4 8 2440 9 2350 10 2300 11 2240 12 2200 13 2200 14 2200 15 2200 16 2200 17 2200 18

Fill in this chart with data

Leak off point pressure (read on graph and write here) 2580

2486 2494 Real leak off pressure determines the Maximum Allowable Annulus Surface Pressure.

10. IMPORTANT: Do not break the formation but stop when leak off starts!!!

Calculation of real Leak Off Pressure /P

LOT

/

PLOT= Leak off point pressure (read on graph) - pressure loss due to gel strenght PLOT when LOT is performed through DP

PLOT when LOT is performed on annulus

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ₁₀ ₁₁ ₁₂ ₁₃ ₁₄ ₁₅ ₁₆ ₁₇ ₁₈ 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 51 0 10 20 15 30 20 40 25 80 26 20 25 20 24 80 24 40 23 50 23 00 22 40 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00

Leak Off Test

Time /min/ P re s s u re / p s i/

(27)

New Mud Weight /NewMW/ ( write here ) 10.35 MAASPnew mud- MAASP with new mud weight

2486

Chart / metric unit /

Pres.kPa Time min

0 0 0 3516 0.16 1 7032 0.32 2 10548 0.48 3 14064 0.64 4 17788 0.8 5 18133 0.88 6 17926 0.96 7 16547 0.96 8 15996 9 15720 10 15582 11 15513 12 15478 13 15444 14 15444 15 15444 16 15444 17 15444 18

Fill in this chart with data

Leak off point pressure (read on graph and write here) 17788

17139 17197 PLOT=MAASP. MAASP has to be recalculated for the appropriate mud weight.

MAASPnew mud=MAASP-((NewMW-TMW) x 0,052 x TVDcsg.shoe)

Vol. m3

Calculation of real Leak Off Pressure /P

LOT

/

PLOT= Leak off point pressure (read on graph) - pressure loss due to gel strenght PLOT when LOT is performed through DP

PLOT when LOT is performed on annulus

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ₁₀ ₁₁ ₁₂ ₁₃ ₁₄ ₁₅ ₁₆ ₁₇ ₁₈ 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000 20000 21000 22000 23000 24000 35 16 70 32 10 54 8 14 06 4 17 78 8 18 13 3 17 92 6 16 54 7 15 99 6 15 72 0 15 58 2 15 51 3 15 47 8 15 44 4 15 44 4 15 44 4 15 44 4 15 44 4

Leak Off Test

Time /min/ P re s s u re / k P a /

(28)

28. oldal

Real leak off pressure determines the Maximum Allowable Annulus Surface Pressure.

New Mud Weight /NewMW/ ( write here ) 1240

17139 PLOT=MAASP. MAASP has to be recalculated for the appropriate mud weight.

MAASPnew mud- MAASP with new mud weight

(29)

LEAK OFF TEST

unit ft in in in ft ppg psi kPa psi kPa

1. Fill up cementing line & bell nipple with mud by cementing pump and stop pump. 3. Start cementing pump slowly and as soon as pressure starts to show on the gauge,

6. Continue this way until the pressure increase becomes less than the previous increase i.e. the line on the graph starts bending to the right. This point is the leak off point and

off has now started and the pressure reached is the formation break down pressure. 8. Bleed-off pressure, check returns and very carefully repeat pressure building up to get 9. At the end, correct the leak off pressure with Pgs and the result gives the real leak off

lb/100ft2

the section above with data and the program will calculate by itself !!!

/ more, stop pump, wait 3 minutes and plot the next point on

(30)

30. oldal psi

psi psi Real leak off pressure determines the Maximum Allowable Annulus Surface Pressure.

= Leak off point pressure (read on graph) - pressure loss due to gel strenght

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ₁₀ ₁₁ ₁₂ ₁₃ ₁₄ ₁₅ ₁₆ ₁₇ ₁₈ 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 51 0 10 20 15 30 20 40 25 80 26 20 25 20 24 80 24 40 23 50 23 00 22 40 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00

Leak Off Test

Time /min/ P re s s u re / p s i/

(31)

ppg psi

kPa

kPa kPa = Leak off point pressure (read on graph) - pressure loss due to gel strenght

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ₁₀ ₁₁ ₁₂ ₁₃ ₁₄ ₁₅ ₁₆ ₁₇ ₁₈ 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000 20000 21000 22000 23000 24000 35 16 70 32 10 54 8 14 06 4 17 78 8 18 13 3 17 92 6 16 54 7 15 99 6 15 72 0 15 58 2 15 51 3 15 47 8 15 44 4 15 44 4 15 44 4 15 44 4 15 44 4

Leak Off Test

Time /min/ P re s s u re / k P a /

(32)

32. oldal Real leak off pressure determines the Maximum Allowable Annulus Surface Pressure.

kPa kg/m3

(33)

Volumetric Stripping

Written by Vilmos Barka

Procedure:

1. Closing in the well. Determine the influx volume.Record pressure at two

minute intervals. After closed-in pressures have stabilized complete strip

sheet. Further record pressures at five minute intervals or after running in

each stand.

2. Determine the volume of mud in the OH/DC annulus equivalent to one psi

of hydrostatic head.

Equivalent volume per psi = Ann. Volume per ft / Mud gradient ( bbl/psi )

3. Determine a convenient working pressure increment PW.

4. Convert a selected working pressure PW /psi/ into an equivalent working

5. Determine the extra back pressure.

6. Adjust the closing pressure on the annular preventer to a minimum, avoid

leakage.

7. Allow annulus pressure to build up to Pchoke whilst stripping the first stand.

Pchoke = P an. + PS +PW

P an > initial closed-in annulus pressure before second built up

PS > allowance for the loss of hydrostatic head as DC enter the influx

PW > working pressure increment

8. Maintain Pchoke constant whilst stripping pipe.

Closed-end displacement of drillpipe is purged into the trip and stripping

tank.

9. Avoid excessive surge pressure.

has accumulated into the trip tank.

tank at constant choke pressure, Pchoke is allowed increase again by the

value PW now becomes Pchoke (where Pchoke 1 = Pchoke + PW )

12.Fill each stand and remove any sharp edges or tong marks from the pipe

body.

13.By repeating this cycle is maintained nearly constant BHP

14. Any data should be record

15.On bottom the well can be kill using the " driller's method ". Be sure the

string is full of mud. Pump slow rate from the bit to the Gray-valve. Stop

pump, check trapped pressure and then continue circulation.

[email protected]

volume a

∆

V in the OH/DC annulus. ( Recommended 40-50 psi )

10.Maintain Pchoke constant at the above value until a volume of

∆

(34)

(35)

Volumetric Stripping

1. Closing in the well. Determine the influx volume.Record pressure at two

minute intervals. After closed-in pressures have stabilized complete strip

sheet. Further record pressures at five minute intervals or after running in

2. Determine the volume of mud in the OH/DC annulus equivalent to one psi

Equivalent volume per psi = Ann. Volume per ft / Mud gradient ( bbl/psi )

4. Convert a selected working pressure PW /psi/ into an equivalent working

6. Adjust the closing pressure on the annular preventer to a minimum, avoid

7. Allow annulus pressure to build up to Pchoke whilst stripping the first stand.

P an > initial closed-in annulus pressure before second built up

PS > allowance for the loss of hydrostatic head as DC enter the influx

Closed-end displacement of drillpipe is purged into the trip and stripping

tank at constant choke pressure, Pchoke is allowed increase again by the

value PW now becomes Pchoke (where Pchoke 1 = Pchoke + PW )

12.Fill each stand and remove any sharp edges or tong marks from the pipe

15.On bottom the well can be kill using the " driller's method ". Be sure the

string is full of mud. Pump slow rate from the bit to the Gray-valve. Stop

10.Maintain Pchoke constant at the above value until a volume of

∆

V barrels

V barrels has accumulated in the trip

(36)

(37)

Measured depth 0 ft DC C/E cap.:

Csg. Measured depth 0 ft Open hole capacity: 0.0681

Total length of DP 9433 ft OH/DC ann volume: 0.0302

Number of DP stand 100 mud weight: 15

DP closed-end cap.: 0.0252 bbl/ft Influx volume: 9.5

DP capacity: 0 bbl/ft Pressure annulus: 180

DP metal cap.: 0 bbl/ft Pressure drillpipe: 0

19.50 lb/ft Working pres.incr.(Pw) 40 6.25 in influx gradient (pi) : 0.1

Cylindrical Tank Rectangle Tank Dia (ft ) H ( ft ) W ( ft ) L ( ft )

Dimensions of trip tank: 3.2 8 4 4

Dimensions of strip tank: 3.2 8 4 4

Pre Kick Information (to be record on standard kill sheet ) !

Calculation of Wellbore force ( WBF )

WBF= 6522

1000 Hence: Minimum necessery weight of string to perform the procedure 6522

Calculation of minimum necessery length of string

434 Buoyancy factor= Buoyancy factor = ( 65,5 - MW ) / 65,5 0.77 Hence: Minimum necessery length of string to perform the procedure 434

Trip Tank:

Total volume 11.45 bbl 22.80

Volume per inch 0.12 bbl/in 0.24

Volume per cm 0.05 bbl/cm 0.09

Stripping Tank:

Total volume 11.45 bbl 11.40

Stripping worksheet

( field unit )

Nominal weight of DP ( Wdp )

Tool joint OD ( ODtj )

Fill in ONLY the section above and the program will calculate by itself !!!

WBF = (ODtj)^2 x 0,7854 x Pann + Ffr

Friction factor ( Ffr )

(38)

Closed-end Displacement of DP Stand:

Average stand length 94

DP C/E displacement 2.38

F factor calculation:

F = F= ( 1 / OH cap.) X ( p1 - pi ) X ((Ohcap / [OH/DC ann.cap] ) - 1 ) 12.5

mud gradient (p1): 0.78

Calculation of the volume in the OH/DC ann. equivalent to the selected loss of hydrostatic pressure. For one psi loss of hydrostatic pressure we calculate the volume.

OH/DC ann.vol. per ft. / mud gradient 0.04

Equivalent volume of the selected Pw increment 1.55

The volume per inch in the trip tank 0.12 bbl/inch 0.24 The selected Pw /psi/ increment is equivalent 13 inch 6 1/2

Calculations for Pchoke :

Pchoke = Pchoke = Pan + Ps + Pw 339

Ps = Ps = Inf.vol. / OH cap. X (p1-pi) X (( OH cap /[OH/ DCann. Cap]) - 1) 119

Ps = Ps = F x influx volume ( bbls ) 119

Pan > initial close-in pressure before 2nd build-up. Reading from Ann. press. gauge. Ps > allowance for the loss of hydrostatic head as DC enter the influx.

Pw > selected, set for yourself. ( recommended 40-50 psi ) F > derived factor

Procedure:

1, Allow Pan to become Pchoke Pchoke= Pann + Ps + Pw 339 2, After running each stand bleed-off into the stripping tank 2.38

19 8/9 in 10

3, When the level in the trip tank increases 6 1/2 in, increase Pchoke 40 13 in, increase Pchoke 40 4, Repeat this cycle until bit is on bottom.

Equivalent Working Volume for Volumetric Steps ∆ V:

∆V =

(39)

Strip Sheet

Pchoke= Pchoke = Pann +Ps +Pw 339

P annulus 180 F-factor 12.5 Volume Influx 9.5 Ps = Ps = F x Vi 119 Pw selected 40 ∆V= division in triptank

(40)

(41)

lb/ft bbl/ft bbl/ft ppg bbl psi psi psi psi/ft Rectangle Tank H ( ft ) 8 4

Pre Kick Information (to be record on standard kill sheet ) !

lbs lbs lbs ft ft bbl bbl/in bbl/cm bbl [email protected]

(42)

ft

bbl/stand

psi/bbl psi/ft

Calculation of the volume in the OH/DC ann. equivalent to the selected loss of hydrostatic bbl/psi bbl bbl/in in psi psi psi Pan > initial close-in pressure before 2nd build-up. Reading from Ann. press. gauge.

psi bbl in psi psi

(43)

Strip Sheet

psi psi psi/bbl bbls psi psi in (cm)

(44)

(45)

Measured depth 0 m DC C/E cap.:

Csg. Measured depth 0 m Open hole capacity: 0.03552

Total length of DP 2875.2 m OH/DC ann volume: 0.01575

Number of DP stand 100 mud weight: 1797

DP closed-end cap.: 0.01314 Influx volume: 1.51

DP capacity: 0 Pressure annulus: 1241

DP metal cap.: 0 Pressure drillpipe: 0

29.02 kg/m 276

158.75 mm influx gradient (pi) : 2.26 Cylindrical Tank Rectangle Tank Dia (m ) H ( m ) W (m) L ( m )

Dimensions of trip tank: 0.975 2.44 1.22 1.22

Dimensions of strip tank: 0.975 2.44 1.22 1.22

Pre Kick Information (to be record on standard kill sheet ) !

Calculation of Wellbore force ( WBF )

WBF= WBF = ((ODtj)^2 x p/4 x Pann x 1,02)+ Ffr 2959 454 Hence: Minimum necessery weight of string to perform the procedure 2959

Calculation of minimum necessery length of string

132 Buoyancy factor= Buoyancy factor=1-(mud dens./steel dens.) 0.77 Hence: Minimum necessery length of string to perform the procedure 132

Trip Tank:

Total volume 1.82 3.62

Volume per cm 7.46 l/cm 14.86

Stripping Tank:

Stripping worksheet

( metric unit )

m3_/m m3_/m m3_/m

Nominal weight of DP ( Wdp ) Working pres.incr.(Pw)

Tool joint OD ( ODtj )

Fill in ONLY the section above and the program will calculate by itself !!!

Friction factor ( Ffr )

Length of string ( Ldp )= Ldp= WBF / ( Wdp x BF )