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Nada Gosić
Department of Social Sciences and Medical Humanities Medical School Rijeka ngosic@medri.hr
Bioethics Education in Croatia
Research results of the bioethical education curricula on universities in Croatia
Purpose of research:
Demonstrate of scientific and other perspectives in bioethical course contents.
This presentation intends to research the introduction of the concept of integrative bioethics into the teaching programs and course subjects realized as the bioethics curriculum in Croatia
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Methods:
1.The pattern included bioethics teaching programs and course subjects realized at schools from scientific fields: Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Biotechnical Sciences and Humanistic Sciences; (four are medical, two dental medicine, two biotecnical studies, four
philosophical and four theology schools);
2. Method of content analysis - was used to analyze the conceptualization of the contents of bioethics education;
3. Comparative method established similarities and differences in the conceptual approach to bioethics education, presented basic approach to a bioethics curriculum.
Schools included in the pattern:
Scientific field of biomedicine and health sciences:
Medical studies (Medical Schools: Zagreb, Split, Osijek, Rijeka) Studies of dental medicine (Faculty of Dental Medicine Zagreb,
Medical School Rijeka)
Studies: Medical-laboratory diagnostics, Medical Radiology, Nursing, Physical therapy, Work therapy
(Medical School in Rijeka, School of Professional Higher Education in Health Sciences, Zagreb)
Study of veterinary medicine (School of Veterinary Medicine in Zagreb)
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Schools and studies…
Scientific field of biotechnical sciences:
School of Food Technology and Biotechnology in Zagreb College of Agriculture at Križevci
Schools and studies…
Scientific field of the humanities:
Studies of philosophy (Schools of Philosophy: Zagreb – 2, Rijeka, Zadar, Osijek
Studies of theology (Catholic Faculty of Theology: Zagreb, Split, Đakovo, Theology in Rijeka)
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Bioethical contents on universities in the scientific field of biomedicine and healthsciences
Medical School Course of study/Content
Zagreb Medical ethics
How to apply the Hippocratic Oath today Right to life (3)
Split Medical ethics (1)
Osijek Medical ethics
How to apply the Hippocratic Oath today Right to life (3)
Rijeka Medical ethics, Bioethics, Bioethics in healthcare, Clinical bioethics, Bioethics and the culture of dialogue in medicine, Bioethics and the culture of dialogue in nursing, On health differently(7)
School of Professional Higher Education in Health Sciences in Zagreb
Study Course of study/Content
Nursing Philosophy and bioethics in
healthcare
Work therapy Ethics and standards of
practise in work therapy Medical-laboratory
diagnostics
Medical ethics
Physiotherapy Bioethics
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School of Dental Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine
School of Dental Medicine No special content – some teaching units in the course of Sociology of the dentistry profession (patient rights) School of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary ethics Results:
Scientific field of Biomedicine and Health Sciences Total of 17 bioethical contents
1 School of Veterinary Medicine 1 Medical School: Split
3 Medical Schools in Zagreb, Osjek
5 School of Professional Higher Education in Health Sciences, Zagreb
7 Medical School in Rijeka
Common content of all Medical Schools: Medical Ethics
Bioethics as an independent subject: School of Professional Higher Education in Health Sciences in Zagreb; Medical School in Rijeka
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Representation and number of scientific perspectives in the scientific field of Biomedicine and Health Sciences
On insight into the list of obligatory literature
School Scientific perspectives No.
Medical School in Rijeka
Medical, Sociological,
Philosophical, Theological, Legal 5 Medical School in
Osijek
Medical, Philosophical, Theological, Legal 4 Medical School in
Split
Medical, Theological 2
Medical School in Zagreb
Medical, Philosophical, Theological, Legal 4 Health Sciences School Medical, Theological, Legal 3 Faculty of Dental Medicine Sociological, Legal 2
Similarities and differences in defining aims of bioethical education in the scientific field of biomedicine and health sciences
Aims Schools
Adoption of knowledge on the influence of technological and scientific achievements on morality and ethics in medicine
Medical School in Rijeka
Adopting responsibility for the application of ethical standards that establish judgments on the qualities of ethical argumentation
Medical School in Rijeka
Solution of bioethical dilemmas confronting the physicians and other health workers
Medical School in Rijeka
Obligations and duties of physicians and other health workers to patients
Medical School: Rijeka, Zagreb, Osijek, Split, School of Professional Higher Education in
Health Sciences, Zagreb Indicating the pluriperspectivity and the integrative
approach to the solution of bioethical problems
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Result: similarities and differences in defining aims of bioethical education in the scientific area of biomedicine and health sciences
A total of 5 aims
Common 1: duties of medical and healthcare workers to patients Interdisciplinarity of bioethical contents: Medical School in Rijeka Pluriperspectivity and integrative approachto bioethical problems
-Medical School in Rijeka
Bioethical contents on schools in the scientific field of biotechnical sciences
Schools Course of Study/Study course content
School of Food Technology and Biotechnology
1. Nutritions of women through the life age; elderly person; sportsmen and soldiers;
2. Sociology and psychology of nutrition
3.Society and ecology
College of Agriculture at Križevci
1. Agricultural sociology and bioethics; 2. Bioethics
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Result:
Scientific field of biotechnological sciences: A total of bioethical contents: 7
Bioethics as an independent subject:College of Agriculture at Križevci
Bioethical contents within other courses of study: School of Food Technology and Biotechnology in Zagreb (5)
College of Agriculture at Križevci (1) Pluriperspectivity as an aim – is not defined
Representation and number of scientific perspectives in the scientific field of biotechnological sciences
On insight into the list of obligatory literature
Schools Scientific perspectives No.
School of Food Technology and Biotechnology
Medicical, Biotechnology, Ecology,
Psychological
4
College of Agriculture at Križevci
Biotechnology, Sociology, Philosophy
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Bioethical contents on schools for the humanistic sciences
Schools of Philosophy Course of study/Course subject content
School of Philosophy Zagreb Bioethics
School of Philosophy Osijek Bioethics School of Philosophy Zadar Applied Ethics Faculty of Philosophy of the
Society of Jesus
Bioethics
School of Philosophy Rijeka 1.Bioethics, 2.Bioethical Education; 3. Bioethics and the female issue
Result: scientific area of the humanistic sciences, field of philosophy
A total of bioethical contents: 4
Bioethics as an independent subject: School of Philosophy in Zagreb, Faculty of Philosophy of the Society of Jesus, School of Philosophy in Osijek, and Rijeka Bioethical contents within other course subjects: School of Philosophy in Rijeka (2); School of Philosophy in Zadar (1)
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Representation and number of scientific perspectives in the scientific field of the humanities – field of philosophy
On insight into the list of obligatory literature
Schools Scientific perspectives No. Philosophical in Zagreb Philosophical, Medical, Sociological,
Theological, Legal
5
Philosophical in Osijek Philosophical, Medical, Sociological,
Theological, Legal
5
Philosophical in Rijeka Medical, Pedagogical, Philosophical,
Theological
4
Faculty of Philosophy of the Society of Jesus
Medical, Theological
2
Philosophical in Zadar Philosophical, Theological, Sociological
3
Result: similarities and differences in defining aims of bioethical education in the scientific area of the humanistic sciences – field of philosophy
Schools of Philosophy
Aims Schools
Interdisciplinarity of bioethics -The subject aims to introduce students with the interdisciplinary and pluriperspective approach to moral issues that arise from the scientific-technological progress of modern civilization, and are focused in the category of life and its entirety, and to qualify students for autonomous argumentation and orientation in key dilemmas of contemporary humanity
Zagreb, Osijek
To introduce students to bioethics problems and its role in contemporary society.
Faculty of Philosophy of the Society of Jesus Interdisciplinarity of bioethics, Ability of
critical opinion
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Bioethical contents on schools of the humanistic sciences – field of theology
Schools of theology
Schools Course of study/Corse of teaching
subject content Catholic Faculty of
Theology Zagreb
1.Bioethics, sexual and marital morality; 2. Theological-bioethical aspects of in-vitro fertilization; 3.Pastoral medicine. Catholic Faculty of
Theology in Đakovo
1.Bioethics, sexual and marital morality; 2. Pastoral for the elderly, ill, dying and grieving
Catholic Faculty of Theology Split
1.Bioethics; 2. Ethics of life;
Theology in Rijeka 1. Bioethics, sexual and marital morality; 2. Pastoral work with the addicted: 3. Rights of patients.
Result: scientific area of the humanistic sciences – field of theology
Total of bioethical contents 9
Bioethics as an independent subject: Catholic Faculty of Theology in Split Common bioethical contents: Bioethics, sexual and marital morality Bioethical contents within other subjects:
Catholic Faculty of Theology in Zagreb (2) Theology in Rijeka (2) Catholic Faculty of Theology in Đakovo (1) Catholic Faculty of Theology in Split (1)
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Representation and number of scientific perspectives in the scientific area of the humanities – field of theology
On insight into the obligatory literature
Schools Scientific perspectives No. Catholic Faculty of Theology
in Zagreb
Theological
1
Catholic Faculty of Theology in Đakovo
Theological
1
Catholic Faculty of Theology in Split
Theological, Philosophical,
Sociological, Medical
4
Theology in Rijeka Theological1
Total research results
Scientific fields and number of bioethical contents
Scientific field Total number of bioethical contents Bioethics – course of study – number of schools Bioethical contents within other course subjects Biomedicine and health sciences 14 2 12 Humanistic sciences 13 4 9 Biotechnical sciences 7 1 6 Total number 34 7 27
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Degree of pluriperspectivity of bioethics according to the number of scientific perspectives in bioethical contents and scientific fields
Number of bioethical contens and degree of pluriperspectivity Number of
perspectives
Degree of pluriperspectivity
Scientific areas and schools
2 Initial degree Medical School Split, Faculty of Philosophy of the Society of Jesus, Faculty of Dental Medicine
3 Middle degree College of Agriculture at Križevci, School of Philosophy in Zadar, School of Professional Higher Education in Health Sciences in Zagreb 4 Above average Catholic Faculty of Theology in Split, School of
Food Technology and Biotechnology
5 High degree School of Philosophy in Zagreb, School of Philosophy in Osijek, School of Medicine in Rijeka
Conclusions:
1. Diverse is the representation of scientific perspectives in bioethical contents of the schools in pattern;
2. Diverse is the number of scientific perspectives in bioethical contents of the same schools;
3. The lowest number of scientific perspectives is 1, and the highest 5;
4. Three schools in pattern (3) have an initial degree of bioethical pluriperspectivity – schools belong to different scientific areas;
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Conclusions:
5. Three schools in pattern have a middle degree of pluriperspectivity of bioethical contents – schools belong to different scientific fields; 6. Two schools in pattern have an above averige degree of bioethical
pluriperspectivity – schools belong to different scientific fields; 7. Three schools in pattern have a high degree of bioethical
pluriperspectivity – schools belong to different scientific fields;
Conclusions: Models of Pluriperspectivity:
For models of pluriperspectivity we can emphasize: School of Philosophy in Zagreb and Osijek and Medical School in Rijeka.
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Conclusions: Pluriperspectivity and Integrativity
The level of scientific pluriperspectivity of bioethical contents realized in Croatia, especially on schools with the higher degree of pluriperspectivity, presents the development of bioethical education in the direction of integrativity
