Mainframe & Open Systems A Deep Dive Comparison & Workshop

(1)

Dennis

Wenk

Senior Manager, Competitive Intelligence; Emerging Technology Symantec

[email protected]

Mainframe & Open Systems

A Deep Dive Comparison & Workshop

•Career:

– IT Career Began in 1972, – Principal Resiliency Architect, Symantec

– EMC Consulting – Private Cloud Architect, HDS‐Global Business Consultant, IBM Global Network ‐ Outsourcing Project Executive, Comdisco – Western of Director Technology Consulting, KPMG – Senior Manager of IT Operations Consulting , Heller Financial ‐VP/Information Processing •Education: – Masters Business Administration (MBA) in Accounting and Finance, – BS in Computer Science from Northern Illinois University •Certifications: – Certified Competitive Intelligent Professional – Certified Organizational Resilience Executive (CORE) – ITIL Service Management – Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA), Certified Systems Professional (CSP), Certified Data Processor (CDP)

•Published in Information Week, Computer Performance Review, Computer Measurement Group, Trends and Topics, Continuity Insights, Infosystems, DR Journal – Advisory Board to Continuity Insights, Chair the Technology Committee – Served as Cloud Special Interest Group Leader for the Outsourcing Institute; Business Continuity Focus Expert for ITIM – Awarded Best Management Paper from Computer Measurement Group, Runner‐up RiskArticle.com •Presented @: – Gartner Group, ISACA ,SHARE, IT Risk Expo, CampIT, IDC, DRJ Continuity Insights, Financial Executives Institute, Midwest Telecomm Conference, DPMA, Computer Measurement Group, NOREX, CPM May 11, 2006

Table

of

Contents

Basics & Background

1

The Mainframe Architecture

2

Network & the Internet

3

Open Systems & 3‐Tier Architecture

4

Storage & SAN

5

Discussion ‐Q&A

6

Some

Basic

Rudiments

Input Transformation Output

(2)

5

Basic

Computer

System

11-6

Mainframe

Computer

System

11-7 8

Single

‐

Computer,

Clustered,

and

Multicomputer

(3)

The

Physical

Data

Path

9

DATA

‐

Logical

to

Physical

10

Table

of

Contents

Basics & Background

1

2 Network & the Internet 3 Open Systems & 3‐Tier Architecture 4 Storage & SAN 5 Discussion ‐Q&A 6

•Places all information system resources on a singlecomputer system and its directly attached peripheral devices

•Users interact with the system via simple input/output devices directly connected to the computer

•Requires all users be located near the computer

•All 4 software application functions are realized on a mainframe computer (server host) –server-based architecture

Advantage:

•Simplicity of maintenance: relatively easy to design, build and operate

Disadvantage:

•The capacity limits make single computer impractical or unusable for large ISs: cannot provide all the required processing, data storage, and data retrieval tasks. However, many systems require more computing power than one single machine can provide (a clustered or multicomputer architecture is required)

(4)

5

Decades

of

the

Mainframe

‐

The

Physical

Innards

Mainframe

Computer

System

11-15 z/OS Linux CPU APP APP Logical Partitions

Mainframe

Storage

16

(5)

17

Mainframe

Storage

Mainframe

– To

the

Internet

Table

of

Contents

Basics & Background 1

The Mainframe Architecture 2

3

Open Systems & 3‐Tier Architecture 4

Storage & SAN 5

Discussion ‐Q&A 6

(6)

The

Magic

of

Networking

21 2 ‐22

World

Wide

Web

•

Web

began

with

two

innovative

ideas:

–

Hypertext

•

A

document

containing

links

to

other

documents

–

Uniform

Resource

Locators

(URLs)

•

A

formal

way

of

identifying

links

to

other

documents

•

Invention

of

WWW

(1989)

–

By

Tim

Berners

‐

Lee

at

CERN

in

Switzerland

•

First

graphical

browser,

Mosaic,

(1993)

–

By

Marc

Andressen at

NCSA

in

USA;

later

founded

Netscape

CERN - Conseil Européen pour la Rechèrche Nucléaire (Berners-Lee, T. (2000) Weaving the Web. New York: HarperCollins. P. 4)

NCSA - National Center for Supercomputing Applications

The

Internet

23 2 ‐24

How

the

Web

Works

HTTP Response

HTTP Request

Client Computer

Server Computer

Main Web communications protocol:

HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Clicking on a hyperlink or

typing a URL into a browser

starts a request-response cycle

A request-response cycle:

includes multiple steps since web

pages often contain embedded

files, such as graphics, each

requiring a separate response.

(7)

2 ‐25

LAN

to

WAN

Network

Firewalls

26

Network

Switched

Connecting

Devices

via

Network

Protocols

Network

(8)

Table

of

Contents

29

Basics & Background

1

2

3

Open Systems & 3‐Tier Architecture

4

Storage & SAN

5

Discussion ‐Q&A

6

2 ‐30

Application Architectures

•

Determined

by

how

functions

of

application

programs

are

spread

among

clients

and

servers

–

Host

‐

based

Architectures

•

Server

performs

almost

all

functions

–

Client

‐

based

architectures

•

Client

performs

most

functions

–

Client

‐

server

architectures

•

Functions

shared

between

client

and

server

31

Server

Operating

Systems

Blade

Server

Innards

(9)

Server

Functions

33

Open

Systems

Logical

Functions

34

Three-tier architecture

Enterprise data center

architecture

Front end

Web serving Web content access

Mid tier

Application business logic Business transactions, commit/update

Back end

Data base query/response

Three

‐

tier

Structure

Web Application Data base Little resources other than networking, transient data Large amounts of CPU and memory Large amounts of CPU and memory, Fast storage, Low latency networking Workload characteristics Workload isolation Workload isolation NAS filer NAS filer Fc san Fc san

(10)

Lack of Automated Controls Multiple Technologies Underutilized Servers Over Provisioned Storage Inefficiencies

Inefficiencies of the Traditional Data Center Architecture

12%

– 40%

Utilization

Out

of

Space

10%

– 50%

Premium

Higher

Labor

Costs

10%

– 60%

Utilization

Poor

Performance

Higher

Labor

Costs

Slow

Recoveries

Reactive

Enterprise data center

architecture Web Application Data base NAS filer NAS filer Fc san Fc san

Functions

within

3

‐

Tier

Architecture

38

Table

of

Contents

39

Basics & Background 1

Network & the Internet 3

Storage & SAN

5

Discussion ‐Q&A 6

Storage

– DAS,

SAN,

NAS

(11)

Open

Systems

Storage

Alternatives

41 42

(12)

Storage Area Networks

45

Tiered

Storage

46

Tiered

‐

Storage

Solutions

47

Storage

Zoning

(13)

49

The

Host

Bus

Adaptor

(HBA)

Managing

Data

Protection

Silos

•Complexity

•Exploding data

•Storage, CapEx, and OpEx costs

•Application silos driving separate tools

•Fragmented backup tools, longer recovery

•Risk from too many unconnected processes

5 0 Database Silo Team #3 DB Admin Physical Silo Team #2 Backup Admin Virtual Silo Team #1 VM Ninjas Storage Silo Team #4 Storage Admin © 2 0 0 4 H i t a c h

Compliance

and

Retention

(14)

Table

of

Contents

53

Basics & Background 1

Network & the Internet 3

Storage & SAN

5

Discussion ‐Cloud ‐Q&A

6

A

taxonomy

for

cloud

computing

54

In this diagram, Service Consumers use the services provided through the cloud,

Service Providers manage the cloud infrastructure and Service Developers create the

services themselves. (Notice that open standards are needed for the interactions

between these roles.) Each role is discussed in more detail in the following sections

Physical app Physical app Physical app Physical app Physical app Physical app

The

Challenge

of

Applications

in

the

Cloud

• Increased Operating System Heterogeneity • Continuing movement

towards virtualization • More mission critical applications being virtualized • Application being stretched across different tiers • Increased complexity in

designing for high availability • Consuming applications

as a service from the enterprise/private cloud Hypervisor VM app VM app VM app Hypervisor VM app VM app VM app Hypervisor VM app VM app VM app Hypervisor VM app VM app VM app Hypervisor VM app VM app VM app Hypervisor VM app VM app VM app Physical app Physical app Physical app LDOM Physical app Physical app Physical app Physical app Physical app Physical app 55

VBS

‐

Manage

SLAs

for

Multi

‐

Tier

Cloud

Applications

Database App server Web server Billing DB FS IP VVR Service Group app app app App IP Service Group Web VM Service Group Web VM Service

Group Veritas Operations Manager

Database

SG

Application

Server

SG

Web

Server

SG

Billing Virtual Business Service

5 6

(15)

Build

Your

Private

Cloud

with

Virtual

Business

Services

Finance VBS

AppHA AppHA AppHA

Veritas Operations Manager

AppHA AppHA Billing VBS AppHA AppHA HR VBS VCS VCS VCS CFS HA SF HA Finance Dept

Billing Dept HRDept

5

7 Cloudthe Hype) Computing (Truth behind 58

Infrastructure HA/DR Configuration

Layering Business Service HA/DR

WEB WEB WEB

APP APP

DB DB

WEB WEB WEB

APP APP

APP

(16)

2 ‐61

Choosing

an

Architecture

Mainframe

Open

Complexity

– Recovery

This???

62

Today’s

IT

Challenges

63

•

Complexity

– Number

of

components,

differing

failure

rates

•

No

Common

Clock

– Creates

Data

Consistency

Challenges

•

Maintenance

versus

Organic

Growth

rate

•

IT

Market

Rate

of

Change

•

Maintaining

technology

currency,

compatibility,

and

End

of

Life

challenges

•

Abstraction

(Virtualization)

Challenges

Power

Consumption

(17)