Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
Board Action/Information Summary
TITLE:
SAFE 4th Quarter Report 2014
PRESENTATION SUMMARY:
The Department of Safety & Environmental Management (SAFE) Quarterly Report publicly communicates safety-related information and statistics.
PURPOSE:
The Metro SAFE Quarterly Report informs the Safety and Security Committee regarding the ongoing safety culture in the Metro system through established performance measurements in accordance with Authority goals. Further, the public report increases communication to enhance safety of our employees, customers and surrounding Washington metropolitan area community. The Quarterly Safety Report will provide data for the period of September –
December 2014, compared with the same period of time in 2013 and against the 2014 targets; in addition to summary status of Corrective Action Plans (CAPs).
DESCRIPTION:
Two key measures of a safety culture are the customer and employee injury rates. As such, both performance measures are included as part of Metro’s Strategic Plan. The 2014 targets are: Customer Injury Rate (CIR) at less than 1.8 injuries per million Passenger Trips and the Employee Injury Rate (EIR) at less than 4.8 injuries per 200,000 work hours.
Key Highlights:
• Customer Injury Rate (CIR) – For the 4th Quarter, the CIR was 1.92; the CY14 rate was 1.96, which exceeds the corporate target rate of <1.8.
The top two quarter injury types are Slips/Trips/Falls (65%) and Vehicle Collision-related injuries (23%). Select actions underway or in development to reduce all injuries below the Authority’s target are listed further in this document.
• Employee Injury Rate (EIR) – For the 4th Quarter, the EIR was 3.72; the CY14 rate was 4.20. Both Quarterly and CYTD EIRs are below the target of <4.8. The top two injury types are Slips/Trips/Falls (25%) and Collision-related (21%). Data analysis does not reveal any specific trends. Select actions underway or in development to reduce all injuries and meet the Authority’s target are listed further in this document.
remaining open; 26 are defined by WMATA’s Hazard Analysis process as
“Undesirable”, 33 as “Acceptable with review” and 23 are listed as “Acceptable without review”.
Background and History:
The Department of Safety & Environmental Management utilize two KPIs, the CIR and EIR, as overall indicators of improving the safety culture among employees and the riding public. Daily review of incidents, systematic inspections of facilities and regulatory programs, and employee/contractor training are effective uses of resources which ensure a safer workplace and environment for our employees and passengers. The EIR measures are based on the OSHA Recordable Injury Criteria and the CIR measures are based on National Transit Database (NTD) Reporting Criteria. The data in the
attachments support the two KPIs.
Discussion:
Employee Injuries
For employee injuries, Bus Operators and Mechanics (e.g. Car Maintenance, Bus Maintenance, and Elevator & Escalator) are the top two employee groups reporting injuries. Based on an initial review of injury reports, the leading injury causal factors were:
1. Inattentive actions where the employee was distracted, pre-occupied, or unfocused on their surroundings; and
2. Non-preventable motor vehicle collisions where WMATA was not at fault. The Authority continues to take a multifaceted approach to injury prevention that includes a renewed focus on performing thorough investigations of incidents and near misses, training personnel on OSHA mandated programs, and providing tailored safety data packages to operational groups. The safety data packages provide additional trending and analysis to front-line Supervisors and Managers.
Some departments and locations have performed better than others, and the lessons learned from the good performers are being transferred to those that need further assistance.
Common traits that have been identified at high performing departments that have reduced injury occurrences include:
• Thorough injury investigations: The root cause of the investigation is identified and mitigated not only at the local level, but throughout the departments
• Non-punitive injury investigation: Employees are free to discuss the factors that contributed to the injury without fear of being disciplined as a result.
• Learning via the Local Safety Committee (LSC): Those that have been injured are required to report to the next LSC to discuss the injury, causes, and opportunities where safety improvement may occur. This provides not only a multi-level review of the injury, but gives the employee a sense of ownership if/when their ideas are used.
• Heavily involved LSC: Those departments that have well attended and fully engaged LSCs also have the lowest injury rates. An active management / leadership in safety via the LSC has also resulted in lower EIRs for the respective departments.
• Potential decrease in questionable injuries: Upon hearing that all injuries are being investigated, those that may have reported an injury to get out of work would think twice before doing so.
• Well performing departments also incorporate safety into all aspects of the job. Customer Injuries
For customer injuries, all three modes experienced variations in their quarterly counts: • For Rail, there were decreases in Escalator injuries, but a slight increase in On-Board and Rail Station-related injuries.
• For Bus, there were decreases in collision-related injuries and a moderate increase in non-collision-related injuries.
• Metro Access had increases in both collision-related and non-collision-related injuries. The main key factors that contributed to injuries were:
1. Customer inattention/distraction;
2. Hard braking bus events (e.g., patron falls); 3. Intoxication; and
4. Falling while boarding/alighting.
For Bus-related injuries, the two main types are Collision-related and Slips/Trips/Falls. Bus: Collision-related Injuries
• Cause: The majority of collision related customer injuries come from Non Preventable Collisions.
• Action: Improved defensive driving training and the “We Care” program has improved driver response and interaction with the riding public.
Bus: Slips/Trips/Falls
• Cause: The majority of Slips/Trips/Falls occur from hard breaking events and maneuvering through traffic.
• Actions: Training operators to avoid hard breaking events by looking ahead and
improving berthing locations has reduced falling injuries. In addition, providing customer outreach/education on proper riding techniques (e.g., holding onto handrails) is planned for CY15. Also, initial data review demonstrates a decrease in pedestrian injuries with buses equipped with amber strobes.
For Rail-related injuries, the main type is Slips/Trips/Falls. The corrective actions for these types of injuries are different for each source.
Rail: Vertical Transportation
• Cause: The majority injuries are the result of escalators being used as stairs when they are out of service.
• Action: With the improvement of escalator availability, the injury rate has decreased by 19%.
Rail: Facilities/Stations
• Cause: The majority injuries are the result of customers slipping on ice/snow and falling while intoxicated.
• Action: Snow and ice removal methods have been improved, reducing resource
deployment time to remove snow/ice from the stations. To decrease other types of falls, a customer outreach/education initiative on safety precautions will be targeted at station
Rail: On Board
• Cause: The majority injuries are the result of customers falling when the train is in motion, possibly starting/stopping unexpectedly, and being caught in closing doors. • Action: Improvements are anticipated with the reintroduction to ATC and the introduction of the 7K series cars (e.g., removal of sudden stops, doors that slightly retract).
FUNDING IMPACT:
TIMELINE:
RECOMMENDATION:
To provide the Safety & Security Committee of the Board an quarterly report on the Authority's safety programs and progress.
Define current or potential funding impact, including source of reimbursable funds. Project Manager: James Dougherty
Project
Department/Office: SAFE
Previous Actions z Briefied Safety & Security Committee on quarterly safety report in October 2014.
Anticipated actions after presentation
z Continue to be proactive in mitigating and alleviating
employee and customer hazards that may lead to incident/injury.
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 Per Million Trips
Chart 1: Rail Passenger Injury Rates
Escalator
Transit Facilities Occupants
On-Board
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 Number of Contributing Collisions
Rate Per Million
Trips
Chart 2: Bus Passenger Injury Rates
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 Per Million Trips
Chart 3: Metro Access Passenger Injury Rates
Other
Collision Related
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 Per Million Miles
Chart 4: Bus Collision Rates
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 Per Million Miles
Chart 5: Metro Access Collision Rates
Preventable
Non-Preventable
0 1 2 3 4 5 6Chart 6: Bus Pedestrian/Cyclist Incidents
(NTD Criteria - Transported From Scene)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
16
Chart 7: Smoke & Fire Incidents
Smoke
Fire
0 1 2 3Table 8: Suicides
2012
2013
2014
Chart 9: Employee Injury Rate by Department
Injuries per 200,000 Hours Worked
MTPD – Transit Police,
BTRA – Bus Transportation,
ELES – Elevator/Escalator,
RTRA – Rail Transportation,
TRST – Track and Structures,
BMNT – Bus Maintenance,
CMNT – Car Maintenance,
PLNT – Plant Maintenance,
SMNT – Systems Maintenance,
All Other – Administration and Other Sections
1.6
1.5
1.6
2.1
1.8
0.5
0.7
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.6
3.2
0.4
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.6
0.6
1.2
0.7
0.6
1.0
0.5
1.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.1
3.2
0.2
0.9
0.5
0.9
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.1
3.7
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.7
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
MTPD
BTRA
ELES
RTRA
TRST
CMNT
PLNT
BMNT SMNT
All
Other
Caught In/By Repetitive Motion Exposure StressPursuit/Arrest Assault Pushing/Pulling Lifting/Lowering Struck By/Against Collision‐related Slip/Trip/Fall
Safety Report
Moving Metro Forward
Safely
Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
Safety and Security Committee
January 22, 2015
MetroRail Yellow Line Incident
After the tragic incident on
January 12, 2015, Metro continues to
actively cooperate with the National
Transportation Safety Board’s
investigation. As hazards are identified,
Metro is ready to implement the
corrective actions necessary to remove
the risk and ensure the safety of our
Statistical Review
Employee Injury Rate –
per 100 Employees
Injury Types
CY14
Slip/Trip/Fall 25% Collision-related 21% Struck By/Against Lifting/ Lowering 10% Pushing/ Pulling 7% Pursuit/ Arrest 5% Assault 5% Stress 4% Exposure 3% Repetitive Motion 3% Caught In/By 2%0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
P
er
200,
000
H
ou
rs
2013
2014
Trend - 2014
Statistical Review
Customer Injury Rate -
per million trips
O
N
D
CYTD
T
Slip/Trip/
Fall
65%
Collision-related
23%
Caught
in/by
6%
Striking/
Struck
by
6%
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
P
er
M
illio
n
P
as
se
n
ge
r
Tr
ip
s
2013
2014
Trend - 2014
Bus Customer Injury Rate
Injuries per one million passenger trips
Trending Points
Injury
Type
2013 2014
Change
YOY %
Injury
Diff
Collision
Related
1.44 1.48 3% + 3
Slips &
Other
Types
1.04 1.00 - 4% - 7
Total
Rate
2.48 2.48 0 % - 4
Rate: Customer Injuries per 1 million TripsCollision-related
Cause: Majority from non-preventable
collisions
Action: Improvements from Defensive
driving training & “We Care” program
Slips/Trips/Falls
Cause: Majority from hard breaking
events and maneuvering through
traffic
Action: Defensive driver training and
customer outreach/education on
Injury
Type
2013 2014
Change
YOY %
Injury
Diff
Vertical
Transport
0.72 0.58 -19% -30
Rail
Facility
0.58 0.65 12% +13
On Board
0.10 0.15 57% +11
Total
Rate
1.40 1.39 -1%
-6
Rate: Customer Injuries per 1 mil trips
Vertical Transportation
Cause: Slips and falls from escalators being used as
stairs
Action: Improve escalator availability
Rail Facilities/Stations
Cause: Slips/Trips/Falls due to winter weather (e.g., ice)
Action: Snow and ice removal methods have been
improved. Customer outreach/education on safety
precautions will be targeted at station hot spots
On Board
Cause: Falls while the train is in motion; caught in door
Action: Improvements anticipated with the
reintroduction to ATC and the 7K series cars (e.g.,
removal of sudden stops, doors that slightly retract)
Rail Customer Injury Rate
Injuries per one million passenger trips
Trending Points
Employee & Customer Injury Rate
Five Year Trend
Reduction based on CY10 vs CY14
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
Department
2013 2014
Change
YOY %
Injury
Diff
MTPD
8.07 7.28 -10% - 6
Bus Transportation 8.59 7.26 -15% - 30
Elev/Esc. Maintenance 7.98 7.13 -11% - 2
Rail Transportation 6.02 5.55 -8% - 6
Track Maintenance 3.66 4.06 11% + 3
Rail Car Maintenance 4.17 3.16 -24% - 10
Bus Maintenance
2.94 2.56 -13% - 3
Plant Maintenance 2.41 2.96 23% + 5
System Maintenance 1.72 1.10 -36% - 9
Admin Groups
1.20 0.87 -27% - 4
Employee Injury Rate
per 200,000 hours worked
Trending Points
Common Successful Traits
•
Thorough investigations
•
Non-punitive investigations
•
Learning via the Local Safety
Committees (LSC)
•
Heavily involved LSCs
•
Senior management
Involvement
Corrective Action Plans
22
305
87
58
17
2
5
5
20
50
2008
2011
2012
2013
2014
Hazard Resolution Matrix of
Open Corrective Action Plans
Frequency of
Occurrence
Hazard Categories
Catastrophic 1
Critical 2
Marginal 3
Negligible 4
A = Frequent
1A 2A 3A 4AB = Probable
1B 2B 3B 4BC = Occasional
1C 2C 3C 4CD = Remote
1D 2D 3D 4DE = Improbable
1E 2E 3E 4E1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 3A
0
Unacceptable – Executive Leadership with Chief Safety Officer
1D, 2C, 2D, 3B, 3C
26
Undesirable - Executive Safety Committee decision required
1E, 2E, 3D, 3E, 4A, 4B
33
Acceptable with review by Executive Safety Committee
4C, 4D, 4E
23
Acceptable without review
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
14
14
7
10
2
4
6
13