GRAMMAR
8 PARTS OF SPEECH
REVIEW
8 Parts of Speech
Noun Verb
Pronoun Adjective Adverb
Preposition Conjunction Interjection
Nouns
Nouns are people, places, things, and ideas
Ideas can be tricky to remember. Ex: freedom
If you can put “a” or “my” in front of it, it’s probably a
noun. Ex: “what do you think of my idea?” Examples of people:
friend, pilot, Ms. Butkowski, Nathan
Examples of places
beach, field, Disney World, Albertville
Examples of things
shoe, bread, Mustang, Ford Pinto
Examples of ideas
3 Rules for Making Nouns Possessive
1. Single Nouns
Add an apostrophe and an “S” Ex: Sarah’s key, James’s bike
2. Plural Nouns (that end in “S”)
Add an apostrophe after the word
Ex: secretaries’ books, artists’ easels
3. Plural Nouns (that do not end in “S”)
Add an apostrophe and an “S” Ex: women’s shoes
Verbs
Verbs can be broken down in a few
ways:
Action Verbs
Tells what the subject of the sentence does or
what happens.
Ex: Donny ran quickly to the store. Ex: Donna wanted a job.
State-of-Being Verbs
Tells when something exists Ex: Cheryl is here.
Helping Verbs
A verb often consists of more than one
word. A two-word verb consists of one helping verb and the main verb.
Helping Verbs
am, are, be, been, is, was, were, have, has, had,
did, do, does, can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, must
Can you find the main and helping verbs?
I should be ready by then. We cannot go without him.
Practice:
1. The orchestra played country music. 2. Our neighbors are always helping us. 3. Emily is a very good artist.
4. She can’t live with cats.
Pronouns
A pronoun is a word used in place of a
noun.
Pronouns as subjects: I, you, she, he, it, we,
they
Pronouns as objects: me, you, her, him, it, us,
them
Pronouns as possessives: my, mine, your,
Subjects as Pronouns
If you recall, the subject of a
sentence is the person/thing doing the action.
I, she, he, we, and they are always
the subject of the sentence.
Ex: She walked to the ticket booth. Ex: He threw the football to Ryan.
Ex: It was raining when we went to the
Direct Objects as Pronouns
If you recall, the object of a
sentence is the person/thing receiving the action.
Me, her, him, us, and them are
always the object of the sentence.
Ex: Mr. Benson warned him of the
blizzard.
Ex: The snow slowed them down.
Ex: While holding a snowball, Douglas
Practice
Chris and her/she are coming.
We/Us and the Bradleys play touch
football every Saturday.
We/Us boys were selected as finalists. Tell Linda and she/her to wait.
My uncle sent he/him and I/me a Frisbee. Ms. Gianetti picked we/us two for the
parts.
Adjectives
An adjective is a word that modifies or
describes a noun or pronoun.
An adjective answers the question of which
one (ex: this book), what kind (ex: old house), or how many (ex: few children).
Proper adjectives can be formed from
proper nouns. Ex: Chinese food, Atlantic coast, French language.
Practice
Underline nouns and circle
adjectives. Remember, sometimes
pronouns can be used as adjectives.
Examples:
My shoes felt tight.
The spinach tastes gritty.
After the rain, the basement smelled damp. My new book has a red leather cover.
Jane left her new bracelet on the chair. That woman told my fortune.
More on Adjectives
Comparative adjectives are formed by
adding –er or using the word more. Use Comparative adjectives when comparing two things.
Ex: My suitcase is heavier than yours.
Superlative adjectives are formed by
adding –est or using the word most. Use superlative adjectives when comparing three or more things.
Ex: Wilson’s store was always the busiest in town.
Adverbs
Adverbs are used to modify or
describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
They tell how, when, where, or to
what extent.
Examples:
We walked slowly.
We walked yesterday. We walked out.
Practice
Our puppy barked eagerly.
He will leave tomorrow for San Francisco. The Warners had parked nearby.
See if you can find both adjectives and adverbs.
The sportscaster talked endlessly about the
new season.
This salesperson seems too pushy.
Jed was pleasantly surprised by very good
Prepositions
Prepositions are words that show how
one word is related to another word. A prepositional phrase consists of a
preposition, its object, and any modifiers of the object.
Prepositions:
About, above, across, among, around,
near, before, beside, beyond, by, down, during, except, from, inside, into, of, on, out, outside, over, past, since, through, throughout, toward, under, up, , with, without
Examples of Prepositional
Phrases
Attach the shells to the frame with this glue. Gail was waiting for the special dessert with
raspberry sauce.
The picture fell off the wall during the night.
Sometimes prepositional phrases can be placed in the wrong spot.
The boys hurried after the ice cream truck on
their bikes.
There is some orange juice for the boys in the
Conjunctions
A conjunction is a word that connects
words or groups of words.
Coordinating conjunctions join words of equal
importance and can be memorized with the phrase
For
And Nor But Or Yet So
Interjections
An interjection is a word or short
group of words used to express strong feeling.
It may be a real word or just a sound. It
is followed by an exclamation mark or a comma.
Ex: WOW! We won the game. Ex: Ouch! That hurts.
Review
Fill in the blank with the name of the part of speech that is represented by the underlined word(s). You may choose from the following 8 parts of speech:
noun, verb, adverb, adjective, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, interjection.
________________________ Round objects roll. ________________________ I like those shoes.
________________________ Wow! I aced the test today.
________________________ I would have liked to be on the beach today.
Review (cont.)
Fill in the blank with the name of the part of speech that is represented by the underlined word(s). You may
choose from the following 8 parts of speech: noun, verb, adverb, adjective, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, interjection.
________________________ Inside the warm house, we gathered.
________________________ I like those shoes and that sweater. ________________________ Jan wrote the letter quickly.
