Safeguarding Adults
LEVEL 1
Principles
of
safeguarding
adults
Pa erns
of
abuse
Types
of
abuse
PREVENT
Taking
ac on
Trust
contact
details
Produced
by
:
Learning
&
Development
and
based
on
the
Core
Skills
Training
Framework
Please note: there are only 2 a empts at the eAssessment.
A quick wa
y
to update
mandatory
training
FACTSHEET
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How to
fi
nd the eAssessment on ESR
Learning Objec ves
Understand the term safeguarding adults.
Understand the nature and scope of harm to and abuse of adults at risk.
Be able to recognise a range of factors which have featured in adult abuse and neglect
Understand the importance of demonstrating dignity and respect when providing healthcare services.
Understand how healthcare environments can promote or undermine people’s dignity and rights and the importance of individualised, person centred care.
Know how to apply the basic principles of helping people to keep themselves safe.
Know the local arrangements for the implementation of multi-agency Safeguarding Adult’s policies and procedures.
Know and explain what to do if abuse or an adult is suspected; including how to raise concerns within local whistle blowing policy procedures.
Know relevant legislation, local and national policies and procedures which relate to safe-guarding adults.
Understand the importance of shar-ing information with the relevant agencies.
Know the actions to take if they ex-perience barriers in alerting or refer-ring to relevant agencies.
Introduc on
This factsheet is designed to help you identify if an adult is at risk of abuse or neglect or is expe-riencing abuse or neglect. We all need to know what abuse is, how we recognise it and what our role is in safeguarding adults who are at risk.
Safeguarding Adults is everybody’s business.
De
fi
ni on
Safeguarding duties apply to an adult who is over 18 and;
Has needs for care and support [whether the Local Authority is meeting any of those needs or not],
and Is experiencing, or at risk of, abuse and neglect;
and as a result of those care and sup-port needs is unable to protect them-selves from either the risk of, or the ex-perience of abuse and neglect
Sec on 1 : 6 principles underpinning all adult safeguarding work
Sec on 2: making safeguarding personal
Sec on 3: what are abuse and neglect?
In addition to the 6 key principles, it is vital that all organisations recognise that adult safeguarding arrangements are there to protect individuals. We all have different preferences, histories, circum-stances, lifestyles. So it is unhelpful to prescribe a process that must be followed whenever a concern is raised.
Making safeguarding personal means it should be person led and outcome focussed.
Should a patient experience extreme difficulty in engaging with the safeguarding process then they are entitled to support from an advocate. The safeguarding approach should enhance their involvement, choice and control as well as improving quality of life, wellbeing and safety.
Abuse and neglect come in different forms and more than one type may be happening at the same time. Incidents of abuse may be one off or multiple and affect one person or more. Some people may be more at risk than
others for the following reasons:
Mental ill health
Substance misuse
History of abuse as a child
Socio-economic problems
Learning disability
Dementia
Dependent on others for their care.
Abuse can happen in many different
places: Someone’s own home A care home A hospital A day centre A public place
1. Empowerment: people being supported and encouraged to make their own decisions and informed consent
2. Prevention: it is better to take action before harm occurs
3. Proportionality: the least intrusive response appropriate to the risk presented.
4. Protection; Support and representation for those in greatest need.
5. Partnership; Local solutions through services working with their communities. Communities have a part to play in preventing detecting and reporting neglect and abuse
Sec on 4: pa erns of
abuse
Type of abuse Defini on
Physical Including assault, hitting, slapping, pushing, misuse or medication, restraint or inappropriate physical sanctions.
Domes c Violence (from age of 16)
Including controlling or coercive behaviours, physical, sexual, financial emotional & “honour” based violence. Domestic violence specifically occurs within close relationships and either gender.
Sexual Including rape, indecent exposure, sexual harassment,
inappropriate looking and touching, sexual teasing or innuendo, sexual photography, subjection to pornography or witnessing sexual acts, to which the adult has not consented or was pres-sured into consenting.
Psychological Including emotional abuse, threats of harm or abandonment, deprivation of contact, humiliation, blaming, controlling intimidation, coercion, harassment, verbal abuse, cyber bullying, isolation or unreasonable and unjustified withdrawal of services or supportive networks.
Anyone can be an abuser and it is often someone they know and trust:
Unintentional abuse
Planned, calculated and systematic
Opportunistic
Reaction to provocation or perceived provocation
Being stressed
Poor training
Poor supervision or management.
Type of abuse Defini on
Financial or material Including theft, fraud, internet scamming, coercion in relation to an adults financial affairs or arrangements, including in connection with wills, property, inheritance or financial transactions or the misuse or misappropriation of property, possessions or benefits.
Modern Slavery Encompasses slavery, human trafficking, forced labour and
domestic servitude. Traffickers and slave masters use
whatever means they have at their disposal to coerce, deceive and force individuals into a life of abuse, servitude and
inhumane treatment.
Neglect The persistent failure to meet basic physical and or psychological needs.
Discriminatory Includes forms of harassment, slurs or similar treatment because of race, gender and gender identity, age , disability sexual orientation or religion.
Organisa onal Including neglect and poor care practice within an institution or specific care setting, such as a hospital or care home, or in a relation to funded care provided in one’s own home. It can be through neglect or poor professional practice as a result of the structure, policies, processes and practices within an
organisation.
Neglect and Acts of Omission
Including ignoring medical emotional or physical care needs, failure to provide access to appropriate health, care and support or educational services, the withholding of necessities of life such as, medication, adequate nutrition and heating.
Self Neglect This covers a wide range of behaviour, neglecting to care for
one’s personal hygiene, health or surroundings and includes behaviour such as hoarding.
Other Harms Defini on
Female Genital Mu la on Also known as female genital cutting and female circumcision, it is the ritual removal of some or all of the external female genitalia. FGM is practised by ethnic groups in 27 countries in sub-Saharan and north-east Africa, in Yemen and Iraqi Kurdi-stan, and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Asia.
The age at which it is conducted varies from days after birth to puberty.
Forced Marriage A forced marriage is where one or both people do not) consent
to the marriage and pressure or abuse is used.
Recognised in the UK as a form of violence against women and men, domestic/child abuse and a serious abuse of human rights. The pressure put on people to marry against their will can be physical (including threats, actual physical violence and sexual violence including honour based violence) or emo-tional and psychological. Financial abuse can also be a factor.
Sec on 6: PREVENT
Radicalisation is a process by which an individual or group comes to adopt increasingly extreme political, social, or religious ideals
Focus on identifying and supporting vulnerable people who are at risk of becoming radicalised and therefore becoming involved in terrorist activity.
Healthcare workers have the opportunity to refer vulnerable individuals for support in a pre-criminal space by:
1. Recognising vulnerable adults, children and young people who may be at risk of radicalisation;
2. Working in partnership to reduce risk and protect the individual
3. Providing adequate and necessary support as part of a proportionate multi-agency response to any concerns.
1. You may have general concerns about someone’s wellbeing. 2. You may see or hear something which could be abuse or neglect. 3. Someone may tell you they are experiencing abuse or neglect.
What you need to do
Reassure and support the adult at risk.
Wherever possible gain consent to share the information disclosed. However, adult protection concerns means that you have a duty to disclose information to the relevant agencies. Therefore discuss with Senior Staff or the Adult Safeguarding Team.
If criminal offence is suspected contact the police to discuss and raise your concerns.
Document all your concerns and the actual disclosure made by the adult at risk.
Take photographs if appropriate.
Make a safeguarding referral by completing a Harm Event on
Millennium or in working hours Bleep the Adult Safeguarding Team on 7077.
The lead agency for Adult Safeguarding is always the Local Authority. The Care Act states that where there is a safeguarding “concern” the local authority must make (or cause to be made) whether enquiries it this it is necessary to enable it to decide whether any action should be taken in the adults case and, if so what and by whom. (Section 42 Enquiry)
This means that the adult safeguarding team will be working with you to gather the information for the local authority enquiry. This information will be used by the local authority to decide whether to initiate safeguarding arrangements.
You may be required to attend strategy or planning meetings as part of the safeguarding process. Ultimately the local authority will determine whether the adult at risk will be subject to an Adult Protection Plan. Frequently the decision will be made to support the adult at risk
Sec on 7: Suspec ng abuse or neglect and what you need to do
You
are
an
ALERTER
,
it
is
not your role to inves gate
any concerns.
Sec on 9: policies and legisla on
The following policies to support your practice are available on the RUH Intranet.
Safeguarding Adults Policy
Consent Policy
Mental Capacity Act 2005 incorporating Deprivation of Liberty
Mental Health Act Policy
Restraint Policy
Non – Concordant with Care/Treatment, incorporating Covert Medication
Raising Concerns ( Whistle Blowing Policy)
Prevent
Allegations against Staff
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Affecting Staff ( Perpetrators and Victims) Policy
Managing Conduct
Safe and Supportive Observation Policy
Relevant legislation includes:
Care Act 2014
Equality Act 2010
Human Rights Act 1998
Safe recruitment practice i.e. DBS
Mental Capacity Act 2005 incorporating Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards 2007
Mental Health Act 2007
Health and Social Care Act 2008
Modern Slavery Act 2015
Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015
Safeguarding Adults responsibilities are also included in Professional Codes of Conduct
I
know
where
to
access
the
RUH
Safeguarding
Adults
policy
in
my
workplace.
I
am
aware
of
the
10
categories
of
adult
abuse.
I
understand
my
responsibili es
regarding
safeguarding
adults.
I
know
what
I
need
to
do
to
raise
any
concerns
I
may
have
about
safeguarding
an
adult
at
risk.
I
know
how
to
contact
the
RUH
safeguarding
adult
team.
Safeguarding checklist
Safeguarding Adults Team Contact details
Administrator Ext 5358
Lead Nurse for Adult Safeguarding, Mental Capacity and DoLS Ext 5320
Adult Safeguarding Nurse Ext 4933 Bleep 7077
Sec on 10 : safeguarding checklist
Sec on 11 : Trust contacts
More information is available at:
http://webserver.ruh-bath.swest.nhs.uk/clinical_directory/safeguarding_adults h p://webserver.ruh-bath.swest.nhs.uk/clinical_directory/mental_health_and_capacity