p.Chapter 16 & 17 Drive Right powerpoint

Chapter 17

17.1

Do You Need A Vehicle?

 _{Needs great enough to justify owning a}

vehicle?

 _{Consider how much money you have to}

spend or your budget.

 Purchas price

 Auto insurance

 Registration fees

 State vehicle sticker

 Gasoline, oil, tires, preventive maintenance, and repairs

Financing

 _{Pay in full with cash, you don’t have to}

pay interest

 _{Shop around and get the best rate on a}

Depreciation

 _{Value of vehicle drops over time}

What Kind of

Ask Yourself These

Questions:

 What will I use it for?

 _{Do I need certain passenger and cargo}

capacities? Do I need to tow anything?

 _{How many mile will I drive each year?}  Will I be driving mostly short or long

trips?

Vehicle Size

 _{Smaller vehicles better gas mileage and}

easier to maneuver

 _{Larger vehicles hold more passengers}

Engine Size and Type

 _{Smaller engines are usually more fuel}

efficient

 _{Larger engines cost more to maintain}

Transmission

 _{Automatic vs. Manual}

 _{About equal in fuel efficiency}

Know the Safety Features

 _{Electronic Stability Control (ESC)}

 Automatically apply brake to 1 or more wheels when oversteer or understeer.

 _{Side-Impact Air Bags}

 Curtain and tubular air bags

 _{Combination air bags}

 _{Tire Pressure Monitoring System(TPMS)}

 _{All new vehicles have TPMS}

Know the Safety Features

cont…

 _{Back up Camera}

 _{Lane Departure Warning}

 _{Sensors detect a vehicle drifting from the}

lane, a lane departure warning sounds.

 _{Variable Ride-Height Suspension(VRHS)}

 Lowers or raises the ride height of the vehicle while it is in motion.

New or Used Vehicle

 _New

 Advantages:

 Warranty for repairs and parts over a period of time

 More safety features

 Less maintenance

 More easily obtainable replacement parts

New or Used Vehicles

cont…

 _Used

 Advantages:

 Lower purchase price

 Cheaper to insure

 No quick depreciation

 _{Well maintained = many years/miles of}

New or Used Vehicles

cont…

 _New

 Disadvantages:

 Depreciation

 Insurance premium will be higher

New or Used Vehicles

cont…

 _Used

 Disadvantages:

 No warranty or service records

 Replacement parts difficult to find

 Records of previous damages hard to find

Leasing

 _{Similar to purchasing, but you don’t own}

the vehicle – Renting

 Lease another vehicle

 Purchase the vehicle

 _{Walk away}

How Much Should You

Pay?

 _NADA

 _{Kelly Blue Book}

Outside and Inside

Checks

 _{Doors and locks}

 _{Vehicle appearance}  _{Fluid leaks}

Inside the Vehicle

 _Seats  _Lights  _Mileage

Check Trunk

 _{Look for damage}  _Jack

Open the Hood

 _{Look for damage}

 _{Hoses and radiators for leaks}  _{Condition of belts}

 _{Coolant levels}

Test Drive

 Always take the vehicle on a test drive

 What do you hear?

 Are the brakes in good condition?

 Is the steering firm?

 _{How is the suspension?}

 Does the vehicle hesitate when you accelerate?

Make These Checks:

 Check warning lights

 Start engine – lights go off

 Drive at low speeds, test the brakes

 Turn a lot

 _{Accelerate moderately}

 Test brakes at various speeds

 Drive on a rough road

Have the Vehicle

Inspected

 _{Before you buy, have the vehicle}

inspected to make sure everything is ok

Before You Close the Deal

 _{Get repairs being made in writing}

 _{Look for owners manual and repair}

receipts

17.2

 _{All modern vehicles have an electronic}

control module (ECM)

 ECM – a computer located in the engine compartment that controls your engine’s efficiency

 _{On-Board diagnostic system to give}

Fuel and Emission

Systems

 Electronic direct fuel injection systems deliver just the right amount of fuel, resulting in higher performance with lower fuel consumption

 Catalytic converters are used in the exhaust system to reduce levels of nitrogen oxides, which the sun heats into smog

 _{Muffler reduces the noise from combustion}

Lubrication and Cooling

Systems

 _{Oil, grease, or other substances}

 _{Low oil pressure can damage your engine}

 _{Pull off road, turn off engine, wait for engine to}

cool

 _{Low coolant levels can cause your engine to}

overheat

 Check and replace low coolant levels

 _{Excessive heat can destroy engine}

 _{Use proper lubrication to keep systems}

Cooling System

 Additional cooling

 _{Radiator – holds and cools the coolant}  Water pump – circulates the coolant

 _{Thermostat – regulates circulation of}

coolant

 NEVER REMOVE RADIATOR CAP

Lubrication System

 Oil pump – forces oil from the oil pan up into the engine

 _{If Oil Pressure light comes on, pull over}

when safe and turn engine off

 _{On average 3 months or 3-5000 miles}  Check Owner’s Manual

Maintaining the Control

Systems

 _{Steering System}

 Check with automotive technician if loss of power steering

 _{Brake System}

 Regularly check brake fluid level and have brakes checked on a regular basis.

 _Tires

 U.S. must follow the Uniform Tire Quality and Grading Standards

 _Treadwear

 Higher grade longer tread should last

 Traction

 Higher grade better traction

 _Temperature

 Underinflation, excessive speed, or overloading can cause heat buildup

 To prolong the life of your tires, have them rotated, aligned, and balanced as

 _{Suspension System}

 Provides steering stability and maximizes friction between tires and road surface.

 _{Shock absorbers}

 _{Electrical Systems}

 _{Car battery powers everything electrical.}

 _{Dead Battery}

 Be sure to check your owner’s manual

Starting a Vehicle That

Has A Dead Battery

 _{Positive Good to Positive Bad}

 _{Negative Good to Negative Ground}  _{Start good battery}

 _{Start bad battery}

 _{Remove in reverse order}

 _{Static Electricity}

 _{Can build up when you exit and re-enter}

a vehicle, esp in dry or cold conditions.

 _{Spark a fire or explosion}

 _{Discharge the electricity by touching any}

Fuel, Efficiency,

Recycling, and

Security Systems

Fuel-Efficient Vehicles

 Hybrids – combine the benefits of gas engines with electric motors

 Electric motors – Allows a smaller more efficient engine to be used

Maximize Fuel Efficiency

 _{Control Speed}

 _{Warm the Engine}  _{Lighten Load}

Alternative Fuels

 _{Come from resources other than}

petroleum and are reducing our dependence on imported oil

 _Athanol  Biodiesel

 Natural Gas

 Propane

Recycling

 _{One oil change is enough to contaminate}

a million gallons of fresh water

 _{Take used oil to a service station ,}

recycling drop off location, or household hazardous waste collection site

Security Systems

 _{Wide variety of ways to protect you.}  _{Keyless Entry}

 _{Wireless remote}

 _{Theft Prevention}

 _{Bar that locks steering wheel}

 _{Sensors for Security}

Calculating Miles Per

Gallon

 _{Fill tank}

 _{Odometer reading (A)}

 _{Drive normal until ½ of tank}

 _{Fill tank again – record number of gallons}

(B)