it
eu r
of
PHYSI\' SCIENCES
_!JflRARY THESIS
F<Y
1.
t n, oo • i a t i ot
true
n or ot r of t ns. It ie 111'
oro to
be 00
e acid or
ell t1 of l • t. l
a n
nrr to o
t
u
:r inion. t
0
i :ren it n of -C-N-C 0 n.
0 0 or i of
conv·e to
•
1 of :r t
t t
ns so
t t s 11d f ( l)
t io c of iso- c
RlOl llows:
le ion of
is coll
i ti ve
j t ern a is f
(2) iUlti, f~!!l th mec ems
an ins t) ructu:re ()f' the , an l
v i l l be f~
i t t col 1 i
ot 1
0
b 1
t i in 0 (.., )
t tua d l 1
() i 0 • 1
roes b t ( (
a $
on
1r ouret ti sue.
n of in
t of' co .. o 1
+
to te in
e
I I ..
ool
ar
• in eoill revi
1 t n is to b
V~J
enc e of of
Uf> as
t
sol
l
t
( 4)
aocor ng
0 R U R
II
\ /
{
/
c, /a"
"N/c/ \;
r~,/
I
II
I \
H 0 R Jt
o form effect o.nlv.
0
i
t ao
in
t b
i t
t
i
11 nee of
acid. t r e a t m e V
~lkali
treatmentd not been di
in of t
0 t
to b
t
6.
t
ect is cono
1
T
1
8.
t
i
t
t 1 t
t
n
on o r~
or
t
not :r~11cr bl it i fJ
t
oru
o.f
l i
r
in 1130
to
,.7
of t
1 t :r !!H!V ~l' 1
t it
in ocnnot b reaa
to
:r t
th
l!l ( 1 1'. 24.)
n
r
11i l
l i
t
1 renct n over t f i t
in t 'P in
t to
."'
a1 1 1;0
ur
0 "coo r t a t "
on
n t m!uie
over
•
uo:r to \P• I
27
)Gg~c
-
-(: .;H;;ific rot n 0 io 0 ti in
" ic n
l'Oflt
-
foi' In
0 1 in ecific
rot
n n~?a,r t n1 e.
r 1 0
r
i'
over
p p on t on
c ion, 1. ( 31.1
curve t acid on
ll!I'!')ISC 0 in e b to curve
~ \RO
i t
1 •
rot r1, it lJ t
t
ion t uol Nl 0 gle
di ('
nion
of t b tu:rean
rh:&e•
() fi;
of' t
a (>~.
"'•
:FJO
in f
s ia c
ti:n· a
of ( ~!H~
* I Pl.).
27
31)"~ h curv
d t'ect of oid on if
in rl
'P of t
r
tin Y1!'0re
eu
1 !' reac on~J ..(j' ,I so
II
or
t IIfor
i 80l'' '·' i
11 r:m 0 &
ana
(1of t i
1 0
;;~eco val b t
t
·'11!11."\1' a i Ue ( \. i
ion t on 1J rot, rrwl
i'\1 n :r a en ~a:
( )
,..,.
+
...
+
( ( )
a.G or· 1
co
n nott
,
ac:i sot to c
i
''
"'
ct l;;J.. 1o
'\H'"l~no foro to 0 t !1U in
(> d. i \~1"
n.
a 1 t f () f 1i t
b ju )
1 0 l.
[~. ao t i
1 n d
1l 11
J
...
co9
c-eo.
I-
c ..
I
I
II
ll H
~]=
9·
"
urs
l
...
( )
0 t
of
1
i
I I ..
t
3
tot
1
i.on
nro nounc
ion o
8
in
not
of 1
i
:muoh
t
i
1 h d.u
id 0
aol i
2..
)
6.
(
)
(b) (c)
co
to
l
un
no
i
n o
of
n i
t b
1 t
d
ion I)
i
irA
io t
£101
con
in t
i l
ri
t l 0 t
act~
c
1 1) ord b i
t
..
in t
• • s of ol
itro
'00
er
u sno t
no j •
U1i1 of \l
1i
t
bic
of t
0
f
it WO.I:l
i i
error i
b
cc
in
in
to
ion
ion i
iiJ rot
l
0 co
t
ot
t en
r t
ro
QO • i
+
- l.t di
of
CQ
room
of t
t
ll.
In
r t t 0o ..
~0or
pr' Wf'l,~
swo en in 0 ,,a i l l fL
t, Oil er- a.
so cool
(
c
) for ur m. t t sto a t at; ~ or
urs.
trfl er me~.sur s on one 0
eo ions$ sol n(~ l'Ui i
ur so t
A• B, C,
1) ~ ~)I'sao in
a ceo
nr
n A o,ud E wer~ !;!Ci r
of t ~tJolut e
.
..
t so u ann to
7
un e:tc 13 of no so
0
u
an j)i l l
er.
It not neer
t so ion~~.1 r ion of .four ~10 l u. n
y;,: rvwl of t
..
result en 1U) (J) Q) ~ Q() (J) q ~ •rl ~ o · ·rl ~ ("j ~ 0 (Y; 0 •rl '+-! ·rl 0 (J) p _ (f) 0
Specif ic Rotati on at 20 C of Solutions of Ge l a tin in H/10 lJaOH and of JJe u:tr ali sed
!"'.,. ... -,--- ~
T
T -
I Co ntrol Solutions~ _...,. .. ~t· • - - - ... --- ..
- · - · - · - · · .;llj . . . .
CONTROL SOt.IJTION fl PI..O TTED 11 5
---1---- .. ---
.
~...
.,. ..-
~....
I
CONTROL
Hjto tv .. Of/
"fo/IIAQH
Qj,O ·-~·~•--·••t
..
J• ... 4.- . . . ~l
1
. , • , ' I
SOtU/f OIV 8
SOJ..r.JT/0(\/ c
SoLUTioN 0
+'-• - ..
4-I
I :
I .
.
.
I
' --
~- -~-... -..
~...
).._---I ' .
l
! .
' • I . I I
·---c
j,OO .. • ... ""' - T' ... r • """ ... + - - t · ... -; ---T - • t ~ r
, r i '
' ' I ,
.. ~
..
..-·--
~ e e 0 0I '
I
.._ .. + .... • 1 . .
:.1_
t •
I ! • I I I ' ' I..-..+-+ • ~ - 1~---f - I • ._ t t---~r
. t
----+
'"'"' .,._.
~--...,_.,.,_I . '
• t f t 180
.
';/o
...
_
...--
-·---I -·---I
~
.
-r- .... ... ~ ' .. + ... ·~ .._ ... - ... .
'
.
/1,0
t ' , I '
-+: ...
;__;_r..I~~J::
f
! .
I I.ro
7-0-·-1 ... -,., ....
?o
~ --- --+ •
I
~ l
-1
1 '
j/0
I
! •
':
[
.
'I
I
t
·-I ' • ' 1
I I
...
-·--·
--·
--· . - . ·r .. .,. ...
, ,r
T , . ~-·
• •
1 '
' t. I : ..
*
!
--:r·
. i
130 !SO
-.ge of sol '1t i ::;n i n ~!oars.
9 e
e e
0 0 0 0
I
·~
.
t-~.
9 · ~·--~if...-..-· · - I I •
e ' ' ' '
'
-0 ' I I
0
·-.
I-
-
'....
...
""I
-:
' . l
-u~• ~-' ----1
' . I '
I •I • • l 1- •
A. - + - ~ ~ ~ .
.1111. . . . _ . . ...-.+-+,..A
• t
.. ~ "" t ' ,. '
I
•···-t·•••t
~ ~ .. • . t • • • • ' '
-~tl · - - ~
1 , + 1 .
I
r 1 1 - t;~ • ... t· • -_ l
!'lO 190
n r
.
)
1 .
(1.
.per.
}3·
•3·
@3-
.9
71
95'
197
t u.r ao ll j ' ' G
'
to t t')rev
ecrib G H
were
1 cc.or
VO euc aolut ion
to
oc.
f lly a t normHl fl!O
ion
of'co t t of i f
U5i9d co rola.
e l ion 0 f' our eo
t eM'~,, l t
nr: OIJ t
r t ur 1:10 ions
11 1n 1 9 •
v.
1
are t so
t 1 ta t
r....,..-~
Th e effect of t h e a dd ition of N/10 NaOH on t he specific rotation of g e la t i n at 2 0
°
C •
-1
l
I :.t.tJ +
•
J.P t It I
. '
~-e
---t
I '
I •
e
e
. -. -·-1 .
. . I .
• t-1
+-- ...
-+·-e t ' I I t
e
... +
..
I
I
. . . t .. • 1 ' ~
Ul d CD 0 ... I-I;) 1-'· 0
---~----+--
... - -
·--·--+---J.----~·---·I
. . l
..
~--·
~ \0
0
c+
·ttr..:..!_j·t··
-+-4-~--·_,....,r-'1'"""._ .. , ~~~
...
-r.t-!l' c+ 1-'• 0 ;:s 1-' ·
:::s ;eg
o.. o
---r---.
! · -t::t CD Gtl 11 CD CD
U2 0
!bO
!
~ *t •
I
Il "
r . e
'f • I t ' t ,.
e
' '
,._. * .
-
'.
'.
I
' 'CONT/l 01.. SOL iJT ION
CONTP, Ol. SOI.VTIOIV Njto IVa OH St>l. O TION
-
.N/'t>
IV~tOH SOl.fJTIONt--'
II
;.,
; . r
:~
-r-
~ ...-
... -_ .,
. . . '0
0
j I · " t
.!....4---4-l-+++-+--r-~· -1---~-+--- . ....,. .
--·
' ·-- ... ---~ .. - . -4-, t
fii(J
.
-
.
t·t t· t- ,_
'"
1
I ;
!' ..
-1 .
t • ~ '
l?o
t- " - ... _,_ - - ..,..___ .... T
-/t7ZJ 1-10
Ag e of solution in hours.
e
E" Pl.tJTTEO
F ,,
ct ..
H
--..
-lRS e e e
~
.. 1-'·
.. 0 0 0 ~
... + ,...
· · •t ·
' ! " '
t
-H H C/) (l) CD 1-3 Sll o" ... CD U2 H ~ sn ::l P.· <: ·-l
(
..
6
00")
a
l. .. 6l ..
.o
43
1..13
1~
.a
1.
.6
136
1. .4(0.
.
oc .. )
1 •
·3
44 l.
..
.6
2.
.6
l ..
·9
(0 .. per
oc.) l 1 ..
73
1.
..o
1.
-.7
l. "(j
47
1.·9
l.
.8
76
1. 4.~1-
·3
1 •
-9
..
... ...
-
..,-
...
..
• 1 ..
76
·9
l. .4
1 ..
-7
16
1.~7.2
1.
167.4
l.
167.4
73
1. ~41 ..
·1
1..
<>1
.
)
2 .. 19
9
l 2 ..
11
02 2 ..
.6
3
2 .. ..44 2. ..1
'
2... o
1 ..
.9
1 ..
3·6
1. "
1 ..
.6
1.93
.. 41 .. .. .2
1 ..
"
l. 9
1 ..
.s
1.
1
l ..
.6
1.
6
l.
..6
·3
l.
.)
l. •
(0,. p
00.) 4
2 ..
.6
7
2•
·3
2.
..o
1.
•
2 .. 2 .4
1 .. ~5'
l .
.6
l .. 2
1- .4
1.71 .4
116
1.
.o
l.
·1
(6.
cc,.)
t
2 .. .. 11 2 ..
..6
2 ''J
""
..;
4 2 ..
..
;
5
2.17.. 4
6
2. .. 27
if'"',~. .1
2 .. ..4
2 .. 4
:2.
.6
..
·5'
1 .. .4
1. ..4
1 .. ~3
l.
.6
73i
1. 11.
..3
1 ..
..6
1.
.8
1 ..
..6
1 .. ..2
(a)
(b)
(c)
c
( l) 000
( )
(3)
• 34.
.. "" 46.
-
-
• 63.
34.
1:r 0
t ua
t ions are d ficul t to
t
00 int of tt s
or
t
eot c poi 1
due t 0
i t d
t curve
t Ci erent
on t .. in
ion 4.
8
1:iOI1 one90
t,
ua
..
t 1 •
BOUI'CHH'!
t
co it
t 0\l:r'VB on
re
ot 0e1 00 a
..
ch\ t
um
r e, ere () no tviaoo v.:,,
in
u
vioco
t n u
r
t
lu
L
t th
e waa chosen in nr erenoe to
1
ion 1tae
eot
io of tr
d 0 eo n
of'
0
n
inoe i
ev
of t
t
Yi l inu iu
ne
r
~HJt on ea.
n r~:rp
entt
n of
to
1
to
80
()) to
i>
·rl
+' ;.\)
.-I .; ()
(])
~
)()
b()
Fig. V. L/{tiED (OLFSKIN /IT k1J0
e_@
lSEE Fl(.
YJL!)
/JCIO Plt:SI< /IV /IT IJIJ "e
(SEE Fl¢ (KJi)
90
q II 3
.s
7CGt.RTI/11 Ff{(JM Hlb£ .SWOLt..E!V
1/V
JVfttJ
NA f)H {SEE Flt:.X/1)CEJ.IJTJN FRNVI HI()£ SWOLi.EIV
IN '¢o Hcf (s£E Fit:. X))
3 S ] 9 II 3 .r 7 9
pH
~V
1scos1 · 't y o f' 1',zo· p ge a 1n so u 1ons 1 t · /JH1-7t ·,,
II
io
/(jt7!J :>:,
+>
•rl U1 0 jS()zJ ~
[image:43.605.45.523.108.769.2]lt
wa
!'5 le to u e n,
e~ co .t'Ol
•
a a (lon t vi~;~<llo "' .._, aoco 00
tro 1 t' n 0
er
not '<'S:'f"'
t::lrld 1!:! ion of B li*IOO
,:;ve co
{ ) roe of 0 1
eino 1
wo
t sia 'NO our 11
COtlO
n.
a t e io on t'IO ftlrm () +c+ k in
• p t r~~ot dtlC eo1ution i
'PO 00 eon so of
b 1
r t
"'
0 1 of in ion 1a er1
1•"lrenoe in t it
more
i N::st:~:• s t t, 1 so
..
soo () f'
n io v u
0 to f i t. te di u~ n t r
0 (;) I:JUI'VE!!'J frorn t E'!O
•
v.
Ut'~'\"'',' curve t 0 r
"
visoo 1
ou
fortin ( no • t i t
VlJ
3,
sl:Y
&to va
ourv b 6
H1
0
~~,m
curve
in (
"
ft~)
1 r inin.
i c 'Point
t 1 0 n
eco t
of
•
GOO i2 ..
t t t t <Stn!.i
3,
e curv .;
...
1 een
5
1 •
co
"
!nl..lm
on
9,
4 .. 1l ..
to
of 1
• SOOt-1
7
1 tlO een :Itcarve
t 1 n 3 id4.7.
" ~ " i!JO•1:n 11
1
r 1
9
8;
n ti
in
not f!C
of
t
1.
(
ui
er
on
~it
not
8
0
sence of
ll
i)H
curve
i notcurve for t
t
., ~n t ou:rv
(!~'
•~)
1liipi
f
Vi
eo t
r
0
in t
curve
t
tl t
i
-id
f CUI"Vl!
curve 1
..
Fi ~·
VI.
en
@
®
rd
LIMED eru.FS/ll/11 /J~ID PI( SKIN
s:::
0
/1.,() OISJOLVGIJ flT 7S"e /)ISS()(. VGJ) /JT 7S0e_ Jl.t(} 0
Q)
{SEE Fttf.c:tll) (SEE Fttt.EJj)
UJ
s::: /P,(J ~~~
•rl ~,. ,...:. ·rl /C!lJ Ul 0 0 ro
·rl 8o
p
<:)
p
~
t'o
m
n
Q)
r~ 3 u II 3
s
') 9 IIj:JH~
/>H----:7-ill---=~--.---~---~
(j)
(f)
•rl
g
1·80·rl
+l
s:::
Q) /
0 /'(,()
s:::
~.NP
,...:.
·rl UJ
g
/·~/)lfJ
•rl
:>
QJ ;,tto
+"
::s oi
©@
L/MEO CRJ.FSKIN
IJJ$$0LVEO fiT 4P°C.
{HITCH t'Otl<)
t·to
tf$'4 NTIN OISSOI.VFO
~~ 7.S "c
{0!1V1 S f1fll0 t>liKES)
NJO
0
rn----~~--~s ____ _ L _ _ _ _ ~9~--~~~~---J---=-3--~~~--~?~--~----~'I~---J
~ pH-? PH-7
t
til 0
BO i
of' o visco
.
( c ock ( )t
t;
0
r r • b
ns
fro visco iau.r
r i e es
are on th sa:m~tt
"
1 Q f .. !I
l
'"3f
at
t i
ion
In
t t t
1 Q J' l
t
n
ee.
of t, t CHH!
t h t 0
I'~
t 0 b
in f 0
an
{
)
1.B. hn
0 t t
of'
on c~~
6 •' ~
7,
8~ and. '].ieo-l i b 4 snd
co l 0
00 of c
7.
B
co no l ne of
no i
e CJ r::' •" d. t • li t
6_
line err 0t ·'
tl
on t UF
'
r;;
¥1' ~
0 l
4
i
Iii 1
GO
i
in
of e 1 t co
means of t
00 d
l.
aoos curve~ r{a}
n(b) n g in
(c) Aoid. in
(d) s.c
(e) Ge
e
t r:J f f:)tl i f' t
fl n not
..
3·
n e 1 0 ...ec
(•
• )p 0
)) in t 4
...
t: / ~ 1• ,,..
,. 1ni tin in the
7
...
8.
Vi i GUr
• • 1
4.
'
ann ll'
ii
no
tion tin '!)OS i l
i not
ur t i
or
t d..
7- rcit"~ on t viaoo
t t,
~-n e
"
i ~t)•
fro 0!'; ru •
"'
o.
1&
...
"pH of so lutiorl
..
4.6
orii pi r.l. in f':renn 1 n
( Co.)
2.
1 •
on
-
5~8t t i b
n
...
o •
i
...
•of solut "'
4.9
pi
f~ tirl <ie aoid nins.
(.
)"" 2 ..
i
...
•
v
{ )
.
t
t(J one
en me fUl exo t
t n
"
...
o •
i
...
•of eolut ion
...
in so
(see p. 109 )
(ee
rnen
er
.110
t
)
• "
cl then
i
11
in c rn. in
..
the n been
,
..
,
1-t 00
o ..
.6
.o
co t i
l dri i
of in, wns we 0 in co.
co. 00.
t
1 0
t
n
:froiso ..
lo
in t :f t room tur
..
plac t
c.
t. r t it.h fi(l' ~~0 ht ion,
f.l a cii ao in
17
0 s
to,
in to ~lt t..
e ao n tct
di u at 0 0
:m t ti 1
,L ,:•
u
aon.a t !'
vII ,J
,
0
11.
ao b
(') ( ) i~l it v in
A 1 of' d
'
len"'
.
. '11 inco.
oc •di t and th q
N/10
ion t
..
Ln t
..
an<4 t rnr,r to e ~0 • t
pltu;; ed itl t t •
..
Ten co of t
t t
1
t o.n t t
on curve ob
i
1 te
or
aoor
ion eurve. t eolutione
er
in
t
ion,
t tto
i ereUil!U£.1
'
0
s.ocor to t,h leon:
'
'-:::
-=
t e• 1 of
of t 80 t
t t
ions t
3
to6
t
er 1 1o a 1 of
f
of' t rol
in soo
n of t
ook so re t # 0
~11 e dt
vn
'~t 1 or
..
t
c.
r t to t to n
l i
um.
hc
rol 80 iue of
7.
00 rof t
00 n
to UP on t of
of t "
runs
8
for t
u
ch
t
of er
to
80 .70 Ul 'd s::: 0 0 (!) Ul
.::; io
~ 0 rl c.-. c.-. 0 Q).sos
•rl +' ::>: +' •rl til 0 0 0) •rl6
I> 0
lj) p. •r-l .p m rl (J) p:.;
so
I.JO®
"''
I \.I
I
\
Fig. VII (See Tables X and XI).
0
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